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Ap 7 (B) I

This document summarizes a uniform high-frequency solution for radiation from sources on perfectly conducting convex surfaces using the geometrical theory of diffraction (GTD). Expressions are derived for the electric field in both the shadow and lit regions from magnetic current sources. The solution reduces to known solutions for circular cylinders and spheres, and has been tested on slots and monopoles on cylinders, cones, and spheroids with good agreement to measurements and eigenfunction solutions. Diagrams show the ray geometry and a sample measured and calculated radiation pattern from a monopole on a spheroid.

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64 views4 pages

Ap 7 (B) I

This document summarizes a uniform high-frequency solution for radiation from sources on perfectly conducting convex surfaces using the geometrical theory of diffraction (GTD). Expressions are derived for the electric field in both the shadow and lit regions from magnetic current sources. The solution reduces to known solutions for circular cylinders and spheres, and has been tested on slots and monopoles on cylinders, cones, and spheroids with good agreement to measurements and eigenfunction solutions. Diagrams show the ray geometry and a sample measured and calculated radiation pattern from a monopole on a spheroid.

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Aidin Foroughi
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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AP 7 ( b ) I

A UNIFORM GTD SOLUTION FOR THE RADIATION FROM SOURCES ON A PERFECTLY-CONDUCTING CONVEX SURFACE*
P.H.

Pathak, N. Wang, W.D. Burnside, and R.G. Kouyoumjian The Ohio State University ElectroScience Laboratory Department ofElectricalEngineering Columbus , O h i o 43212

The radiation f r o m sources on perfectly-conducting convex surfaces i s of i n t e r e s t i n thedesign of antennas mounted on a i r c r a f t and missiles and i n the designof conformal arrays. The geometricaltheoryof d i f f r a c t i o n i s extended i n this paper t o obtain a uniform high-frequencysolution for the radiation from apertures and monopoles which may excite torsional surface rays on a perfectly-conducting smooth, convex surface. This problem was treated i n an e a r l i e r paper [l], b u t only for torsionless surfacerays.Subsequentlysolutions were given forcylindrical and conicalsurfaces, [2]-[5] where torsionalsurfaceraysexist. A1 though the solution i n [5] was generalized to convex surfaces, i t d i f f e r s from the one describedhere;furthermore i t does not appear t o be as complete or as easy to implement.

Consider a source located on a perfectly conducting convex surface a t Q' as shown i n Fig. 1. The high-frequencysolution , GTD. described i n t h i s paper employs the raycoordinatesofthe Thus i n the shadow regiontheradiation from Q' follows a surface ray t o Q where i t sheds tangentially from the surface to the f i e l d p o i n t P whereas i n the l i t region, the radiationfollows ;, the incidentraylofgeometricalopticsto FL in the djrecticy of the u n i t vector s . A t Q the orthogonal u n i t vectors t and n ( i .e. normal to the surface, respgctiyely) are parallel t o theray and introducedalong w i t h the binormal u n i t vector 6 = t x n. A t Ql these Same u n i t vectorsare primed. In the 1i t region i = 6 x s, i where b' = b i s perpendicular to the plane of incidence. The high-frequency e l e c t r i c f i e l d is given by F = nEn t kEb f o r points away from the convex surface i n both the shadowand l i t regions.Expressfons forthesefield components have b e e n deduced from a carefulstudy of thecylinder and spherecanonical problems i n which higherorder terms are retained i n theasymptotic on a solutions; i n addition,experimentalresultsforsources convex surface. spheroid were helpful i n the generalization to the Consider now amagnetic current moment S;m a t 9'. tangent to the surface

*The work reported i n this paper was supported in part by Cont r a c t N00014-78-C-0049 between the Dept. of the Navy, Office of Naval Research and the Ohio State University Research Foundation, and Contract N00019-78-C-0524 between the Naval Air Systems Conand and the Ohio State University Research Foundation. CHl456-3/79/0000-0536900.75 @ 1979 IEEE.
536

Note t h a t

T=T$

i n which T and P ~ are the surface ray ' torsion and radius of curvature a t Q' respectively. In the l i t regionthey are found , by projectingtheincidentrayontothesurface a t Q ' . The quant i t i e s H , Ha, S and S e contain Fock typefunctions whichdepend upon thesurfaceparameters a t 0' , and i n the shadow region, upon thesurfaceraytra.iectory. The anqles between adjacentsurface rays a t 9' and 4 are d$o and d$, resoectively and p C is thecaust i c distance at Q [l].

In the monopole case, the expressions for the electric field in the l i t regionare given a s

; whereas,inthe

shadow region

537

The previousexpressionsreducetothegeometricalopticsfield in the deep lit region and to the GTD f i e l d i n t h e deep shadow region. The expressions for the lit and shadow r e g i o n s j o i n s m o o t h l y a t t h e shadow boundary. As expected, reduce they totheasymptoticsolutions for the circular cylinder andspherecases, but the higher order terms i n m mustbe r e t a i n e d t o pass smoothly t o t h e s e two l i m i t i n g cases. As t h e r a d i i o f c u r v a t u r e o f t h e s u r f a c e become i n f i n i t e To = 0, and (1),(2),(5) and ( 6 ) s i m p l i f y t o t h e f i e l d o f magnetlc current moment sources on a groundplane.

In a d d i t i o n , t h i s s o l u t i o n has been t e s t e d by applying i t t o c a l culatetheradiationfromslots andmonopoles on perfectly-conduct i n g c i r c u l a r and e l l i p t i c c y l i n d e r s , cones, and spheroids. The p a t t e r n s o f a r a d i a l s l o t on a cone w be shown t o compare very i l wellwithresultsobtainedfrom an e i g e n f u n c t i o ns o l u t i o n .I n Fig. 2 t h e p a t t e r n o f a monopole i s c a l c u l a t e d andmeasured i n theplanetangenttothespheroidatthesourcelocation.Note it t h a t t h e Eb component i s due tothespheroidalsurface; wouldvanish i f thesource were on a groundplane.Additional examples which v e r i f y t h e a c c u r a c y o f t h i s u n i f o r m GTD s o l u t l o n w be presented and discussed. i l l
REFERENCES

1.

P.H. Pathakand R.G. Kouyoumjian, "An A n a l y s i s o f t h e RadiationfromAperturesin CurvedSurfacesbytheGeometrical Theory o f D i f f r a c t i o n , " Proceedings o f t h e IEEE, Vol. 62, No. 11, November 1974, pp. 1409-1447. P.H. Pathak and R.C. Kouyoumjian, " E f f e c t so fT o r s i o n a l Surface Rays on theRadiationfromApertures i n Convex Boulder, CylindricalSurfaces ," USNC/URSI Annual Meeting. Colorado, 1974.

2.

3.

N. Wang, "Near F i e l d S o l u t i o n s f o r Antennason E l l i p t i c Cylinder,"Report 784685-1, J u l y 1977, The OhioState University ElectroScience Laboratory, Departmentof ElectricalEngineering;preparedunderContract N0001977-C-0299 f o r Naval Air Systems Command.

4.

A. Hessel, J. Shmoys and Z.W. Chang, "Surface Ray Analysis o f ConformalArrays,"FinalReport f o r Phase 2, POLY-EE/EP75-149, Department o f E l e c t r i c a l E n g i n e e r i n g and Electrophysics, PINY, 1975.
S. Safavi-Naini and R. M i t t r a , "SourceRadiation i n t h e PreConvex Body," ElectromagneticsLaboratory, sence o f Smooth Technical Report No. 78-3, 1978. June

5.

538

tXn=b
( 0 ) FIELD POINT I N

s:n=b
b=$l

SHADOW REGION

(b) FIELD POINT I N L I T REQlON

Fig. 1 .

Rays emanating from a source on a convex surface.

IE,I

MEASURED

Fig. 2.

Radiation patterns of a quarter-wavelength monopole on a prolate spheroid calculated and measured inthe shadow boundary plane.
539

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