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04 Lesson - Basic Input output

This lesson focuses on writing and evaluating expressions in Java, including the use of augmented assignment operators and increment/decrement operators. It emphasizes the evaluation order of expressions and provides examples of how to translate arithmetic expressions into Java code. The document also includes assessment questions to test understanding of these concepts.

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4 views

04 Lesson - Basic Input output

This lesson focuses on writing and evaluating expressions in Java, including the use of augmented assignment operators and increment/decrement operators. It emphasizes the evaluation order of expressions and provides examples of how to translate arithmetic expressions into Java code. The document also includes assessment questions to test understanding of these concepts.

Uploaded by

j2cvpthc7h
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1

Lesson 4 – Elementary Programming


Goal(s):
● To write and evaluate expressions

● To use augmented assignment operators (+=, -=, *=, /=, %=)

● To distinguish between post-increment and pre-increment and between post-


decrement and pre-decrement

Minds On…

Calculate the perimeter and area of the circle with radius 10 cm.
Action …
Evaluating Expressions and Operator Precedence
Key Point

Java expressions are evaluated in the same way as arithmetic expressions.

Writing numerical expressions in Java involves a straightforward translation of an


arithmetic expression using Java operators.
Though Java has its own way to evaluate an expression behind the scenes, the result of a
Java expression and its corresponding arithmetic expression are the same. Therefore, you
can safely apply the arithmetic rule for evaluating a Java expression. Operators contained
within pairs of parentheses are evaluated first. Parentheses can be nested, in which case the
expression in the inner parentheses is evaluated first. When more than one operator is used
in an expression, the following operator precedence rule is used to determine the order of
evaluation.

● Multiplication, division, and Modulo operators are applied next. If an expression


contains several multiplication, division, and remainder operators, they are applied from
left to right.

● Addition and subtraction operators are applied last. If an expression contains several
addition and subtraction operators, they are applied from left to righ
Here is an example of how an expression is evaluated:

Augmented Assignment Operators


Key Point

The operators +, -, *, /, and % can be combined with the assignment operator (=) to form
augmented expressions.
● = x + 5 i equiva t x + 5
s lent o =
x

● = x - 5 i equiva t x - 5
s lent o =
x

● = x * 5 i equiva t x * 5
s lent o =
x

● = x / 5 i equiva t x / 5
s lent o =
x
● = x % 5 i equiva t x % 5
s lent o =
x
Increment and Decrement Operators
Key Point

The increment (++) and decrement (--) operators are for incrementing and

decrementing a variable by 1.

The ++ and -- are two shorthand operators for incrementing and


decrementing a variable by 1. There are handy, because that’s often how
much the value needs to be changed in many programming tasks. Fore
example, the following code increments i by 1 and decrements j by 1.

++i increments i by 1 and --j decrements j by 1. These operators are known as prefix
increment (pre-increment) and prefix decrement (pre-decrement).
4
Assessment
1. How would you write the following arithmetic expression in Java?

2. What is the result of (4 + 1) * ((5 - 2) / 2)?

3. Show the output of the following code:

int a = 6;
a -= a + 1;
System.out.println(a);
a *= 6;
System.out.println(a);
a /= 2;
System.out.println(a);

4. Use an augmented assignment operator to write a statement to add 5 into variable x.

5. To add a value 1 to variable x, you write:

6. Show the output of the following code:


int a = 6;
int b = a++;
System.out.println(a);
System.out.println(b);
int a = 6;
b = ++a
System.out.println(a);
System.out.println(b);
7. Show the output of the following code:
int a = 6;
int b = a--;
System.out.println(a);
System.out.println(b);
a = 6;
b = --a;
System.out.println(a);
System.out.println(b);

8. Word matching exercise.

9. Are the following four statements equivalent?

10. What will be the output of the following code?

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