Java Programming Guide: Beginner to Advanced
Introduction to Java
Java is a high-level, class-based, object-oriented programming language that is designed to have as
few implementation dependencies as possible. It is widely used for developing mobile apps, web
apps, desktop apps, games, and more.
Getting Started with Java
1. Install Java Development Kit (JDK): Download it from Oracle's official site.
2. Set up your development environment (IDE): Use IDEs like IntelliJ IDEA, Eclipse, or NetBeans.
3. Write your first Java program:
```java
public class HelloWorld {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println("Hello, World!");
```
Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) Concepts
Java is built around OOP principles. Key concepts include:
1. Classes and Objects
2. Inheritance
3. Polymorphism
4. Abstraction
5. Encapsulation
Java Programming Guide: Beginner to Advanced
Advanced Topics
1. Multithreading: Use threads to perform multiple tasks simultaneously.
2. Generics: Ensure type safety in collections.
3. Lambda Expressions: Introduced in Java 8 to simplify coding.
4. Stream API: For functional-style operations on collections.
5. Spring Framework: A powerful framework for enterprise-level applications.
Java Programming Guide: Beginner to Advanced
Introduction to Java
Java is a high-level, class-based, object-oriented programming language that is designed to have as
few implementation dependencies as possible. It is widely used for developing mobile apps, web
apps, desktop apps, games, and more.
Getting Started with Java
1. Install Java Development Kit (JDK): Download it from Oracle's official site.
2. Set up your development environment (IDE): Use IDEs like IntelliJ IDEA, Eclipse, or NetBeans.
3. Write your first Java program:
```java
public class HelloWorld {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println("Hello, World!");
```
Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) Concepts
Java is built around OOP principles. Key concepts include:
1. Classes and Objects
2. Inheritance
3. Polymorphism
4. Abstraction
5. Encapsulation
Java Programming Guide: Beginner to Advanced
Advanced Topics
1. Multithreading: Use threads to perform multiple tasks simultaneously.
2. Generics: Ensure type safety in collections.
3. Lambda Expressions: Introduced in Java 8 to simplify coding.
4. Stream API: For functional-style operations on collections.
5. Spring Framework: A powerful framework for enterprise-level applications.
Java Programming Guide: Beginner to Advanced
car.speed = 120;
car.display();
```
Inheritance
Inheritance allows a class to inherit properties and methods from another class.
Example:
```java
class Animal {
void eat() {
System.out.println("This animal eats food.");
class Dog extends Animal {
void bark() {
System.out.println("The dog barks.");
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Java Programming Guide: Beginner to Advanced
Dog dog = new Dog();
dog.eat(); // Inherited method
dog.bark(); // Specific method
```
Polymorphism
Polymorphism allows one interface to be used for a general class of actions.
Example:
```java
class Animal {
void sound() {
System.out.println("This animal makes a sound.");
class Cat extends Animal {
void sound() {
System.out.println("The cat meows.");
class Dog extends Animal {
Java Programming Guide: Beginner to Advanced
void sound() {
System.out.println("The dog barks.");
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Animal a;
a = new Cat();
a.sound(); // Cat's sound
a = new Dog();
a.sound(); // Dog's sound
```
Abstraction
Abstraction hides implementation details and only exposes functionality.
Example:
```java
abstract class Shape {
abstract void draw();
}
Java Programming Guide: Beginner to Advanced
class Circle extends Shape {
void draw() {
System.out.println("Drawing a Circle");
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Shape shape = new Circle();
shape.draw();
```
Encapsulation
Encapsulation restricts direct access to fields and methods to protect data.
Example:
```java
class Employee {
private String name;
private int salary;
public String getName() {
Java Programming Guide: Beginner to Advanced
return name;
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
public int getSalary() {
return salary;
public void setSalary(int salary) {
this.salary = salary;
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Employee emp = new Employee();
emp.setName("John");
emp.setSalary(50000);
System.out.println("Name: " + emp.getName());
System.out.println("Salary: " + emp.getSalary());
Java Programming Guide: Beginner to Advanced
```
