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Exp 2 SPCC

The document outlines a two-pass assembler process for converting assembly code into machine code. In Pass 1, it creates a symbol table and intermediate code by processing each line of the assembly code, while in Pass 2, it replaces labels with their corresponding addresses and generates the final machine code. An example assembly code is provided to demonstrate the functionality of the assembler.

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saakshi nalawade
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5 views2 pages

Exp 2 SPCC

The document outlines a two-pass assembler process for converting assembly code into machine code. In Pass 1, it creates a symbol table and intermediate code by processing each line of the assembly code, while in Pass 2, it replaces labels with their corresponding addresses and generates the final machine code. An example assembly code is provided to demonstrate the functionality of the assembler.

Uploaded by

saakshi nalawade
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as ODT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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# Pass 1: Symbol Table and Address Calculation

def pass1(assembly_code):
symbol_table = {}
address = 0
intermediate_code = []

for line in assembly_code:


tokens = line.split()
if tokens[0][-1] == ':': # If line starts with a label
label = tokens[0][:-1] # Remove the colon
symbol_table[label] = address
tokens = tokens[1:] # Remove the label from the instruction
if tokens: # Only process non-empty lines
intermediate_code.append((address, tokens))
address += 1 # Increment address for each instruction

return symbol_table, intermediate_code

# Pass 2: Replace Labels with Addresses and Generate Machine Code


def pass2(symbol_table, intermediate_code):
machine_code = []
for address, instruction in intermediate_code:
# Translate the instruction to machine code (simple example)
machine_instr = []
for token in instruction:
if token in symbol_table: # Replace labels with addresses
machine_instr.append(str(symbol_table[token]))
else:
machine_instr.append(token)
machine_code.append((address, " ".join(machine_instr)))
return machine_code

# Example Assembly Code


assembly_code = [
"START: MOV A, B",
" ADD A, C",
" MOV D, A",
" HALT"
]

# Pass 1: Create Symbol Table and Intermediate Code


symbol_table, intermediate_code = pass1(assembly_code)

# Pass 2: Generate Machine Code


machine_code = pass2(symbol_table, intermediate_code)

# Output the results


print("Symbol Table:")
for label, address in symbol_table.items():
print(f"{label}: {address}")

print("\nIntermediate Code:")
for address, instruction in intermediate_code:
print(f"Address {address}: {' '.join(instruction)}")

print("\nMachine Code:")
for address, code in machine_code:
print(f"Address {address}: {code}")

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