Dbtath th Relatorn beton Erthofy and Probabrly

CBoltmann Entro Ratn)

Erthg ofoa gubtane i defond a tlo yaitol puarntrgy hch
mathy Cons tant cohe) he guhetance urdeyges q uevemb e
adiRccødina
abte toelng-tta theoyy, puthtan late of
ytn th atte
mafmum
enby fte
*ytern ll conttnw take otel the
matmum enbo a eached for tatal cortoaton
qutbturn state ef an facot ate both etot f an
laobted

-Hamospamtal Pobabilty kane Hortmum Viale-

Botzman Corelud ed that ent funeton of

-4kn )
 32-4(w)

Cortant ue gt

ßug'ts, s(on ) -0
Drudirg n rd D

Knoon
 to thi theon, the erdoy af a thamody rameal
to z00 as is temeane tords to absoule zeo
to absote to zo aue ottanad
He proceu f adiabatte demagnetu etton sjn this fhoces4 the
hat h dhnsaf tle electhon aligh thamseles þaralil
to tte di Hecten af te apled fusd. At abaoute
Al tk electhon b alsh temcnes boualel to the
en f e mggnete ild beawe at abeolut zro,thog
'A ho thoma enegy to dstab ther
algkmentsthuewe
tn cohich al the eletsos
decton hins
mea that absolute algh n a fotiulay
þrobabity zo,te tomodnamtc
Thatene foa thomodnamie aytun at absdk 2v6 coal
Thuy',tLe eguottorn c eo, Hence ad S-o
eguaton becomee
ad Knocwn os
Boltmam slheal defnaten fot entoy
as Rolam am Contat
an equ valeñ aituathon en
thmodyramfol fa he.lat u Cos de
inenton ta to din to elang
undey tsotrsma eangt nento 4ths gs
eohen the Qontained ef volumy ande a tonneeted te foobaly
onemok cule inf t contant of holyeuyB,
s one of on deal gas contats noeulos see Mii

Mmolecule af te gaeg fntte Contatn

The
Pckabilig of finduyg
Hae
domhaurg gn o) ardQi) becormu
oge ( atVIb Rloge (

An8 :-ae kneo hat

fn ogn ) pel

This aaton s Knocen as Mamuell Boemqgn lQo a

avt ng had batoon a and (o+ du) n an

B definaten th ts te pobabily kot a mole ulo Jossat

detubutorn laco
The gash Weo n)te humber of moleate bauing
aherd

Tho atea of tle tandd ewme th te

the mo. of molecles yng n theaud ang aud u eda
The tota aea yrde the cune, Aven by ummtten of
gnes tte totel no.
of moleule

moleuld Cannt bo ngattne.

Ageath betusan (p) and o ull also he a imla te
gnd the total Wobabrtoy
me1o o) then þofottora ath othon tache q

toz0,

qr)he mot þebble abadea alate au fo lous.ho mau

Jobab kpud 1 defined as the Bud at
matmum and tefore (a) eo, becon a

[Peo]maM 4r(smae- mnakT

(n) Effect o Termbttue-hom agn(s) t iu al that mast

Robabe sheed Una, fmewaso uth tte meseaee He tem
coheI Ptumo.deeae at hyghe tmoate Hene the
duetibuton une bheaders ath use of tmbatet ne
te aueg urdet,He Cuse muyt Qmarn Centent th cune
becoe platted a the tem e Henes o Lugher termo
the mort obabe shad maimum Vmng ineRaK ard þeak
value þobabrlryy dicseo

1efkot of Holealan Maur;

dacka e eatth hCease molecle masy .Thus noleulay
ydagen Qe hou gteatet tan moygen at
tane tem

Ay

The dubuton cusQ

aymti about gh. This ia due
to eas on Hot the louet poutble hd af moleelg e
ZAvo

tlan tee mat soba be ed aluy

 DegraoA erd Boe-emuteh Cordeuatton.
Dagnoa- The do, fation fwomn bafect bokaiou

T4 th de f þotelzs (4) ro mexased and lor the tm

demad th ae
Lehaibut of þerteatf g4 da bay y fatu ard fastke fom ttat

tnds th Cordatton the

fo louo ae the matmun admide alu

for loco ensg akuy e imuthg

T Bose- srtem gas eachy en -l, =o
thn mayfmum ae orli be
 ho. goln f qn Con eat fo

Te

ttenfoe temjesatuse ot aokieh tto dagnacy4

#Boe Efhstetn Cordenaton

duten tor T<Te.
Te seoyon that af closenes of eny loee ,m Lqe taken
te Coutn ous dudabuhon in þlaee of ducete
dutubrho
n-Jat)
 du
Enotn

Ro tat ie)
 coken TeTe
nust cordae nto te gvourd tte.
a Compoon of t8, &E and fD statetrs
Bose Einetern fomt-Doac
Mameuall -oltzram
ortneles aue conyidd

Ouortum atats op
Cerufdovaten tnten rto Cotdetion
taken nto Centdhdeken mto
TLey is a seduehon on
3»Noyututfen on o.No ateten onmunt gf umb gf fotels tn a
fBoateles m a Jpatt eles na foteloY þauteon 6uorum gtats,
batelu atate atote
Botony ectherg
voune af a cell mpar veame ef acal in bkae
S volime af alel)tn

1-ommurn brobabh Masamum Bemkahon t hyoeral to

daatubutten fol. to dtvbto i ptotena to

8
outbuten alochd to- dautuutín oales tot-g
databutton taatfen.
absouk 2e10 at- ayouk 24Y0
Mowune BoHeman Boye Emtefn
Dstbutern lawaf noi
Dutubutton (ao of erea8

Oupatfon ndex ie

uon n e1,on the

nabult as gen by M-8

n.
Conao to H-Bgastta alt as lomþaed to
due to e-| em in
dnomnatov tesn mdenomnator
 ebye Medl af oenfe kaat af olde
olrds ae aß

jn Einstern theouy sfeefic heat af olde, eah ato

Rafoud to wehvate a a wigk honmont or nltotay
roshondanty ts najgkbountg tonma But ta arkhatona
hot so tmble becq eoch atom i rdu th ingheme
aoms
Paby took into acount te offet of oug ogio
atang q oonatdesd tte told as conthous eleute booy
) Aco xdtra to De bye Model alacte standig
due to ibton ot atoms
3e The
but guat lsed
4 The total no of mato made ane

tmoe substane
s Thee cotan fugumy b Caled debye fayuany abong

sold.
vtelouty'yanp
the

3 4

3M

3
 (

tet

Ssfrom
(2)
D,T )
 "fomerkd datg

tuwo

mor tho
Mchel.
lew fregunts are