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Unit-1 Introduction to Pc Hardware

The document provides an introduction to PC hardware, focusing on workstations, their history, and various types of ports and connectors used in computers. It details the functions and specifications of ports such as USB, VGA, HDMI, and Ethernet, among others. Additionally, it includes an assignment prompt for the latest specifications of laptops or computers.

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Jaydeep Manojbhai Nimavat
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10 views

Unit-1 Introduction to Pc Hardware

The document provides an introduction to PC hardware, focusing on workstations, their history, and various types of ports and connectors used in computers. It details the functions and specifications of ports such as USB, VGA, HDMI, and Ethernet, among others. Additionally, it includes an assignment prompt for the latest specifications of laptops or computers.

Uploaded by

Jaydeep Manojbhai Nimavat
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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UNIT-1 INTRODUCTION TO PC

HARDWARE

Prepared By: N K Shukla


PC Block Diagram:
Workstation
Workstation Computer
• A workstation refers to an individual computer, or group of computers, used
by a single user to perform work.
• For example, a "workstation" may be an average-powered computer
connected to a larger network. It can also refer to a powerful computer
intended for serious academic or professional computation.
• Example usage
• In the sentence "At Pixar, the workstations are all Intel-based," the term
"workstations" refers to powerful 3D modeling and animation computers. It
would not refer to computers in Pixar's render farm. Although render farm
computers are extremely powerful, they are not intended for a human to use
directly or individually.
• History
• The Xerox Alto, introduced in 1974 and considered to be the first
workstation.
❖Assignment – Latest Specification of Laptop/computer
• OS -?
• Processor-?
• Memory(RAM)-?
• Storage- ?
• Monitor/Display-?
• Network Adaptor-?
• Camera-?
• Other?
Various types of ports and connectors found in PC/laptop
• A computer is a device that transforms data into meaningful information. It processes the
input according to the set of instructions provided to it by the user and gives the desired
output.
• As we know that we can connect multiple external devices with the computer system.
Now, these devices are connected with the computer using Ports.
• The ports are the physical docking points present in the computer through which the
external devices are connected using cables. Or in other words, a port is an interface
between the motherboard and an external device of the computer.
• There are different types of ports available:
1. Serial port 7. FireWire Port
2. Parallel port 8. Sockets
3. USB port 9. Infrared Port
4. PS/2 port 10. Game Port
5. VGA port 11. Digital Video Interface(DVI) Port
6. Modem port 12. Ethernet Port
13. HDMI Port
1. Serial port(COM Port):
• A serial port is also called a communication port and they are used for
connection of external devices like a modem, mouse, or keyboard
(basically in older PCs).
• Serial cables are cheaper to make in comparison to parallel cables and
they are easier to shield from interference. There are two versions of
it, which are 9 pin model and 25 pin model. It transmits data at 115
KB/sec.
2. Parallel Port (LPT ports):
• Parallel ports are generally used for connecting scanners and printers.
It can send several bits at the same time as it uses parallel
communication.
• Its data transfer speed is much higher in comparison with the serial
port. It is a 25 pin model. It is also known as Printer Port or Line Printer
Port.
3. USB (Universal Serial Bus):
• In 1997 USB was first introduced. This can connect all kinds of external USB
devices, like external hard disk, printer, scanner, mouse, keyboard, etc.
• There are minimum of two USB Ports provided in most of the computer
systems. It is a kind of new type serial connection Port that is much faster
than the old serial Ports and These USB Ports are much smarter and more
versatile, as it allows the “daisy chaining” of up to 127 USB peripherals
connected to one port.
• The data transfer rate in this is Data12 megabits per second. It also provides
plug & plays communication.

USB type C
4. PS/2 Port:
• PS/2 ports are special ports used for connecting old computer
keyboard and mouse.
• It was invented by IBM. In old computers, there are minimum of two
PS/2 Ports, each for the keyboard and the mouse. It is a 6 pin mini Din
connector.
5. VGA Port:
• VGA ports also known as Video Graphic Array connector are those
which connect the monitor to a computer’s video card.

• VGA port has 15 holes and it is similar to the serial port connector. But
VGA Ports have holes in it and the serial port connector has pins in it.
• This port is commonly found in computers, projectors, and high
definition TVs.
6. Sockets:
• Microphones and speakers are connected with the help of Sockets to
the sound card of the computer.

7. FireWire Port:
• The IEEE 1394 interface, which is developed in the late 1980s and early
1990s by Apple as FireWire. It can transfer large amount of data at very
high speed. It is used to connect camcorders and video equipment to the
computer. It comes up with three variants which are 4-Pin FireWire 400
connector, 6-Pin FireWire 400 connector, and 9-Pin FireWire 800
connector.
8. Infrared Port:
• An Infrared(IR) port is used to sends and receives infrared signals from
other devices. It is a kind of wireless type port with a limited range of
5-10ft.

9. Game Port:
• These ports are used previously to connect a joystick to a PC. But
nowadays it is replaced by USB ports.
10. Modem Port:
• As the name suggests, a Modem port is used to connects a PC’s
modem to the telephone network.

11. Digital Video Interface(DVI) Port:


• DVI Port is used to connects LCD(flat panel) monitor to the computer’s
high-end video graphic cards and it is very popular among video card
manufacturers.
12. Ethernet Port:
• Ethernet Port helps to connect to a network and high-speed
Internet(provided by LAN or other sources).
• It connects the network cable to a computer and resides in a Ethernet
card. It provides a data travel speed of 10 Mb to 1000 Mb(megabits)
per second.
13. HDMI port:
• HDMI (High Definition Media Interface) is a digital interface developed
to connect high definition devices such as digital cameras, gaming
consoles, etc., to computers and TVs with HDMI ports.
• Besides this, it can carry uncompressed video and uncompressed or
compressed audio signals. The advanced version of HDMI, such as 2.0,
can transfer video signals of up to a resolution of 4096x2160.

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