COURSE : COMMUNICATION SKILLS

LECTURER : MR MWENYA PETER

STUDENT NAME : MULENGA JUSTIN

STUDENT NUMBER : 220300082

PROGRAM : BSC IN MIDWIFERY

YEAR OF STUDY : 3RD YEAR 2022

TEST ……………………………………….. : ICT

DATE :

DUE DATE : 11/06/2022

SECTION A

1: A 23: C

2: A 24: C

3: A 26: C

4: A 27: C

5: A 28: C

6: A 29: C

7: A 30: C

8: A

9: A

10: A

11: D

13: D

14: D

15: D

16: D

17: D

18: D

19: D

20: D

21: C

22: C
SECTION B

31A

HARDWARE: Refers to the physical component of a computer or a machine

that we can see and touch. It contains circuit system, ICs or other electronics
in a computer system. It is physical component that is used in different ways
to build a computer or any other machine. While

SOFTWARE: Is a collection of procedures, instructions, documentation that

tells a computer exactly what to do or allow users to interact with a
computer. Most of the computer would be useless without software.

INPUT: Sends information to a computer system for processing and it only

allow for input of data to a computer while

OUTPUT: Reproduces or displays the results of what processing.

32

Computer: disk operating system and file management

Smart phones: googles android, and apples iOS, windows os

33

SOFTWARE FIRMWARE
Are generally set of instructions to Are generally a type of software
instruct the computer used to control hardware devise
Various categories of software There are no such a categories of
includes applications, software, firmware
computer programme tools etc.
Types software includes application, Types of firmware includes BIOS, EFI
software, shareware, system ETC
Software etc.
Updating is much easier Updating is difficult has it requires
replacement of the circuitry or
reprogramming using a special
procedure
E.G for example a human resource E.G to change the functionality of a
management system is used to TV remote, it is necessary to
store employees details, salary change the entire circuitry
details etc.
34

A: OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE: Is the code that is designed to be publicly

accessible, anyone can see it, modify and distribute the code as thy see it

e.g. android os, Mozilla Firefox

B: CLOSED SOURCE SOFTWARE: is the public is not given access to the

source code, so they can’t see or modify it in anyway

e.g Skype, java

C: SPECIAL COMPUTERS: These are devices that are designed primarily

designed to play games but now also perform other tasks such watching
Netflix and browsing internet

e.g personal digital assistants, mobile phones

D: SPECIFIC COMPUTERS: These are computers that are specifically

designed to perform a specific purpose

e.g washing machine and camera

35:

1. Microcomputers: most common type of computers in the society. Can

be used at your workplace, at school or on your study desk at home. Used by
single user at a time. Small in size. Also called Personal Computers (PCs).

2. Minicomputers: used by multi-users. In the middle when the computers

are ranged from smallest to largest. Used in laboratories.

3. Mainframes: Largest in size. Capable of handling and processing very

large amounts of data quickly.
.4. Super computers: Used for performing complex scientific and
numerical computations such as weather forecasting, fluid dynamics, nuclear
simulations, theoretical astrophysics. Sometimes called as “Workstations”

Since the Personal Computers are the most common category of computers
among the

individuals let‟s talk more on PCs.

36: LIQUID CRISTAL DISPLAY: is the flat panned or other electronically modulated
optical device that uses the light modulating properties of liquid crystals combined with
polarizers.

37:

1: CPU: The brain of the computer being that significant. The CPU receives
instructions from various computer programmes in use and execute them as
needed

2:Motherboard

The motherboard is sometimes called the system board, planner board or

main board. It is the

main circuit board of a computer. The motherboard contains several

connectors for attaching

additional boards.
3:Power Supply Unit

Power Supply Unit (PSU) is another very important unit found in the system
unit. Usually we connect the power code of the computer to the domestic
mains supply.

CD-ROM Drive

Most probably, you might have seen the Compact Disks (CDs) which are
commonly used as a storage media. The CD-ROM drive is a high capacity
optical data storage device with a removable disk, it writes data onto or
reads data from a storage medium.

38

System software are the types of software designed to manage

system resources, such as memory management, thread
management, system security and more.

Application software are the types of software designed to

meet the requirement of users to perform specific tasks
39

The Central Processing Unit (CPU)

The Central Processing Unit is an electronic device which runs computer

programs: a set of sequential instructions. It is also called as the Computer
Processor or the brain of the computer.

there are two major components: namely the Control Unit (CU) and the
Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU).

The CU is the circuitry that controls the flow of data through the processor,
and coordinates the activities of the other units within it. In a way, it is the
"brain within the brain", as it controls what happens inside the processor,
which in turn controls the rest of the PC.

The ALU is a digital circuit that performs arithmetic and logical operations.
The ALU is a fundamental building block of the central processing unit of a
computer, and even the simplest microprocessors contain one, for purposes
such as maintaining timers. The processors found inside modern CPUs have
very powerful and very complex ALUs; a single component may contain a
number of ALUs.

40

Before the computer can process the data stored in Secondary storage
devices, the data must be moved from secondary storage device to primary
storage.

SECTION C
41

1:Tablets

Usually operated by its touch screen and no formal key board are used. The
people using them spent most of their time outside and would not have
access to a keyboard or mouse. Clinicians can early do some references
concerning the patients condition.

2:Laptop Computers

Enable better communication across different hospital department, allows

them to quickly share updates or medical research

3:Wearable Computers

These computers are mostly used to track human actions when the hands
and other sensory organs are engaged in other activities. And used with
applications such as behavioural modelling systems and healthcare
monitoring systems.

4 THERMOMETER: Is the devise that measures tempreture

5:SONOGRAPHY: Is an imaging method that uses sound waves to produce

images

6:BLOOD PRESSURE MACHINE: this is a machine that is being used to

measure blood pressure monitor

7: CLINICAL CALCULATOR: Takes a selection of individual patient data and

uses a formula to calculate a score.
8:ELECTROCARDIOGRAM MACHINE: Is designed to measure heart activity

9: MONITORING MACHINE: A patient monitoring system is able to evaluate

body parameters such as heart rate, breathing rate etc.

10: DALYSIS MACHINE: Mixes and monitors the dialysate.

11: OXGYNE CONCETRATOR: Is a device that concentrates the oxygen

from a gas supply

12: CONE AIR CONDITIONERS: This is the fan that blows away hot air

13: X-RAY MACHINE: Thy are mainly used to look at the bones and joints

14: HOSPITAL REFREGERATORS: Thy are mostly used for vaccine storage,
pharmacies, hospital freezers, blood banks etc

15: MICROSCOPE: This a machine that is used to magnify small objects

42

1:SPEED
A computer can perform tasks very fast. For example, the amount of work
that a human being can do in an entire year (if he worked day and night and
did nothing else) can be accomplished by a computer within a few minutes.
As you are aware now, inside the system unit, the operations occur through
electronic circuits. When data instructions, and information flow along these
circuits, they travel at close to the speed of light. This allows billions of
operations to be carried out in a single second.

2: Reliability

Electronic components in modern computers are dependable because they

have a low failure rate. The high reliability of the components enables the
computer to produce consistent results.

3:Accuracy

The accuracy of a computer is consistently high and the degree of accuracy

of a particular computer depends upon its design. Errors can occur in a
computer, but these are mainly due to human mistakes..

4:Diligence

Unlike human beings, a computer is free from boredom, tiredness, lack of

concentration, etc., hence a computer can work for hours without making
any errors or complaints. Even if ten 6million calculations have to be
performed, a computer will perform the ten millionth calculations with
exactly the same accuracy and speed as the first one.

5:Versatility

The computers have the capacity to perform completely different type of

work. You may use your computer to prepare payroll slips at the moment.
Next moment you may use it for inventory management or to prepare
electric bills. The computers are flexible enough to adapt to any type of work
and outputs according to what is fed an instructed.

6:Power of remembering

Every piece of information that a user „stores‟ on a computer can be

retained as long as it is needed and can be recalled when necessary. Even
after several years, the information recalled would be identical to what was
fed to the computer. A computer will never „lose‟ stored information on its
own; a user has to „remove‟ (or delete) the information from it.

7:No Feeling

Computers do not have emotions. They have no feelings and no instincts

because they are machines. Although human beings have succeeded in
building a memory for the computer, a computer does not possess the
equivalent of a human brain..

8:No IQ

Computer is a dumb machine and it cannot do any work without instruction

from the user. It performs the instructions at wonderful speed and with accuracy. It is you to
decide what you want to do and in what sequence. So a computer cannot take its own decision as
you can.
9:Storage

The computer has an in-built memory where it can store a large amount of
data. This is called Primary Storage. This Primary Storage has a limited
capacity but it is very important as the processing unit of the computer can
act directly only on instructions and data on the primary storage. But, you
can also store data in secondary storage devices such as floppies, which can
be kept outside your computer and can be carried to other computers. These
are called Secondary Storage. Before the computer can process the data
stored in Secondary storage devices, the data must be moved from
secondary storage device to primary storage. This is not a serious drawback.
The computers can retrieve information from files in a secondary storage
device in a

few milliseconds.