PAGENO.

DATE: I

Rolle's Jheanem 9 f() isa u n hich s1) eninueu

the dosed int enoal tasb), ) dukoentiat.
ohe
in open intenual (a b), and ii) f(a) fCb)
the
then, thene exist at least ene value e 2 a Celaihi
8uch that filc) =o

Poee o Peue Rolle's Jheonem, onaiden the ellew Ca es:

Cale I: he touth e thi theonem s obvieuR i f l ) i s a
her f()=o all & lab). qeometsu cally f) s a
saiqht üne pauallel to the-aqis
Cate 1: 9 ( ) is net a cemytant, then 3ince t i Leminue n

the dosed intenual Cab], t will ethen inuae on de Cua

as takes Ualues qneatr than a '.

Suppose fl) in ULaR eA on 7a, Since f Ca)= flb), the un

uillentnue inaeaginq till it neaches a
maumum pehrd
Lay C ECa,b) and then beqin to de aae
c a and c b. Now a fCX) haR a
mauu
Ualue at -C, then
any e kmall posttive no. h,
f(t+h) - e(c) <0 a nd Cc-h) -Cc) 0
0N fcth) -4cc) qnd
f CC-h) - fCc)

h
4king umit as ho e hqvDe
RfCC)<0 and Lf\(c) 70
Buut since f(E) *s di Kteend iable in (a b), he enl4 possi biut
fa RfCC) Lf ) f 'CC) o =

Case3 he pnov O thù theonem iS Simula when f(x) deoeaje

o valuA o 7 heat en Ph4n a

men mEn and mn

mandn ae two no.
 xo
=zl in [-l a e
Ex.3 f(x) centinuuouloN

tha f(x) 9s
ee
ie We can
0
be at
ecept m ay
Umo-h)
Hene, h-0 f(o-h)
um
Um f (oth) umlot h)
h-S0
fCo) FloI 0

f(ot h) f (o)
Since fto-h) fix ) is
thuu, t(r) i centh
0 qnd thuu,
and
ceminuou at
Hence, f(x) *
in [-,13.
ko all values o z

kee that
0test f(x) is dliuenuntiable at o ,we
f'lo+0) un (o+h) -0
h

flo-o) umm (o-h)-6

Sine, f(O4 o)fI(0-0) the un. s not oukkentable ct xs

and hene the cen d t en o di Kheentiablty at each peint eg

the (-I1) is not

satisked
Jhejert, Rollel theaaem is not applica ble to fC) > Ix| in CH)

9nterprutatien e Rolle's Jheo nem L e the unue

yt
whidh is cenkinu euu en
[ab)and di (eentiable en ab)
Y
be dn atn

PA)
 PAGE NO.
DATE: /

Jhe theonem sim p &tat e that betw een uso poink

ootn at eg the qonaph o f, he)e e u s ak

enth eq ual on

is pnall tu -aus
least ene pejne whene th e tanqent

Laqnanqeis Mean value Jheonem f(A) is a unt om

hichis
ib)intenUal Ca and
)cenkiruew n the closed
thee
the Intenual (ab), then
u uNantabie in open

must be a Ualue e cuy c eb ) uth that

fC6)-4(a) f'CC)
o

F () f) +AL -O
n eo: let u cenaideA a un
ohene A i c a cEnltant iS tobe deten muned
Such that F Ca) = F(b)

Fnem Oand (W we qet a

fCb) + Ab
f Ca) t A
AA-Ab f(b) - f (a)
- A(b-a) f(b) fla) ob
A fCb) - fla)

Labl andd
we qiven that f( -) is enti nu eur in
che

duerena ble in ca b) Also Ax being a polynomual, s

centinue n Cab) ahd ouea ntfable incab)
Also Fa) f(b)
Rolle's
dhw F () Satis iex ull the cemutt e n e
theonem 30 thene must be ct leagt ehe valUe o
ce a,b) Such that F'C)o
Bud F (Y) f'()+ A
FIC) f Ce)tA
 PAGE NO.
DATE

CC) A

f'cc): A

Fnem Oe h gue
) f6)-f (a)

called the
the O s t me
kOt value
value
qn U
m e qh

his theonem S also

caluul
theo.n
em eoikkeenti al

mean value theojem: i n the

Hhothe johm o the SLatem enta
the no. C
by ath then
the theonembic neplgced
a t 0h , heA oL e
and b may be wutten
bet" a

fca+h)-fa)
= hf (a+ Oh)
Thus,
whe\s oe8 1.
0 ftath) f l a ) + hf ' (a t 0h)

eometical 9ntenpetaton: h e the0h em Simply st

that beth tuoo peint Aqnd B
ene peint whee
thene eust at least
the qna ph o
to the chosd AB
the tangent is paiallel

1-Cb)
pa)
b
 PAGE NO.
DATE:

COuChy'S Mean value heoem

9 twouniem C)
andq
deanedl om Cab) ane
+() and q%) ane both coti nu ou in (a,b),
)FCx) and q(1) ienenutiable
ane n Ca,b)
9)'() o n
anq xE( b)
then hee Eilts at leaat one Oculue
Such that y ce (aib)
f Cb) f Ca) fCC)
3Cb) a) )

let
Pne u Considen a run F () - f (L) Aql)
whee A isa -O
Cengtanut to be detenmined such that
FCa) F (b)
Fn en Oana eqet
fCa)+A q(a) fCb) + Re (b) Jbor
fCb) -fla) fhq ta)- Aq b) r
fCb)fCb) -fla)
f Cb) fCa) A 2-A(
-

b)-4(4)
Sine, Ai a comxtqnt and we ae qiven that f(x) and q(n) ane
continu eu in Cab) and duea ntiable inCCa, b), 30 F(x) is
cenhinuu i'n [a,b] and d u e a n t i a bie in Ca, b). AIS F a ] :Fl}

dhuu, F (%) AaheKeg al the conditieme o Rolle's theonem,

30 t h e muUt be at least ene Ualue , sas eeca.b)
such that F'CC) =o

F'() f(x) t Aq'3)

FICC) Cc) + Aq'c)

f'CC)t Ag'lC)
f'CC) Aq')
yf(c) A qiven q'(1) 70 ko any zéA b)
1'Co)
 PAGENO.:
DATE: I

have 69 oby
kem e" we
(b)- f a ) fC) 9(x)70

qb)-qa) 1')
Jhu is knew a Cauchy mean value thepserm.
theo em is also
caled the 3ecen d m ean value then
Sigehential calulu
Note
8q puting q(z) = in the above theonem,oe hd thatE
CauChy'S mean vaue theonem neduces to
Laqange's
fea) =
sinx and qtx) = cos ET3,0
Solve Gtuen, fCz) Sinz =
L=cos% -|2,0]
Since, Sine and
30,
coSine unchen dne Oninueu,
fl) and ql1) 091e
Centinu Gu in (-TT|a,0
)Since, sine and to sine kun dien
f()= ane diKehential 30
'()coSz qnd
13) ac) -
g'(x)-cingezist
sinx on allxe(-T|a10) eist or
o all
all x e(-nao)
x e(h|a1o)
Hence, bu
Cauchu mean value
such th at theonem, there eust
FlO)-fGl2) fCc) aceCh
-

3(o)3-la) 'cc)
--1) cOS C
-sinC
LoSC
sinc
tant

C
tan'
-TT 14
Mente, C
4 e(-TTa
Mene o)
Cauchy mean value th
 PAGE NO.
DATE

aubeua s Jheonem: qunchiem f is deruvable en a

cdosed fntenval ta,b] and f '(a) ,e (b) ane
Opposite siqna then thene existt at least one peint c

betuoeen a and b &uch that fcc) = O

Ponee TO the Aake e deiniteneaa, tet take f'la) co and fi(b)zo

Since,f a ) is-ive, theneone, thene exi stt a tve no. 8,, such thet
fCa) f Ca) , v 6 Ca a+61) borp - 0
haain, since fi(b) 1s +ve,th ene eists a +ue no. S i2uth that
fCz)fCb), v ecb-Sa,b)
b)0
Plso, Sine tis deuavable in Cabl,it is continuou in the
Cab Beinq cemtinrue în the elosed întenval itis
beunded and attaina its beundg hug m ís the
inimum (q1.b), 3a pint ce Caib) 3uch that
oifCc) m epd y
1t i dean 1om Oand 0 thot C can not e i n ude nth a

0n b o oth enuwise thene weuld exist peint whene the

valuer ethe un would be less than hu e is an
value
indteruon peit e Caib] se ant ts
Now we paoCeed to &hew that it is thiS peint wheae f'ld-o
1e fcc)zo, then 3 an intenval (C, C+ S3,S 7o such th a t
e c , CtS), fl) f CC) = m, hich contaadict the jadt

that m Is inumum f
Again. T fCC) 70,3 an intenval Cc-89c)6 70 oa

h1h f(u) ¬Cc) =

m, which aqain is a
evey point
co ntaa diction

Hehe, he eny potsi biuty f1Cc)-

ca n be
Note 9 fa) 7D and flb)<0, then pnoeedinq as above,it
the pei nt hehu the
&hewn thout f'la) :o whes dt (a.b) is
un. ataing the 8up h emum
 PAOENO.
DATE

closed intenval,then 1t i
un k
a entinuout în a

beunded theuin

un. fis ceninuout on a clo ged

intenval
tab3,th
ta b3.
ene in Caib]
it attainu Pts beunds at least

the elosed intenval Ca

ta b3,hay
b3, h
Jhe un-f, ceninueus em

the leat and qneateat vauex m and M e . the sange

nqe 3et
is beunded oith m and M as it m a l e t and oheate
oneoten
elemcnt h u the nange set efisazubset eCm.M
we shall. in jact show laten that the nange
fic Cm. M] itel! and that f takes up eueuy Ualue
betoeen m andd M
M

a a un.f ic cominueu at an inteioov peint e

o an

intenva Ca,b) and fte) #0 then 3 a s 70 such thod f

has the same
ign as fCc) on evey re Cc-&, ct $)

1 a jun fit centhrueu en a closed întehval [aib] and

fla) and Plb) ane opposite Riqns, then thee eistt at
bne
leat peint e[atb] zuch that fCaje0