12.

1
import java.util.InputMismatchException;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class InputMismatchExample {

public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
int num1 = 0, num2 = 0;
boolean validInput = false;

// Loop until the user provides two valid integers

while (!validInput) {
try {
System.out.print("Enter the first integer: ");
num1 = input.nextInt();

System.out.print("Enter the second integer: ");

num2 = input.nextInt();

validInput = true; // Exit loop if inputs are valid

} catch (InputMismatchException e) {
System.out.println("Invalid input. Please enter integers only.");
input.nextLine(); // Clear the invalid input
}
}

int sum = num1 + num2;

System.out.println("The sum is: " + sum);
}
}

12.2
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsExample {

public static void main(String[] args) {
Random random = new Random();
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);

int[] numbers = new int[100];

for (int i = 0; i < numbers.length; i++) {
numbers[i] = random.nextInt
}
 System.out.println("Array created with 100 random numbers.");

System.out.print("Enter an index (0 to 99): ");

try {
int index = input.nextInt();

System.out.println("The element at index " + index + " is: " + numbers[index]);

} catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
System.out.println("Out of Bounds");
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("Invalid input. Please enter a valid index.");
}
}
}

12.5

public class IllegalTriangleException extends Exception {

public IllegalTriangleException(String message) {
super(message);
}
}

public class Triangle {

private double side1;
private double side2;
private double side3;

/** Construct a triangle with the specified sides */

public Triangle(double side1, double side2, double side3) throws
IllegalTriangleException {
if (side1 + side2 <= side3 || side1 + side3 <= side2 || side2 + side3 <= side1) {
throw new IllegalTriangleException("The sum of any two sides must be greater
than the third side.");
 }
this.side1 = side1;
this.side2 = side2;
this.side3 = side3;
}

// Getters for the sides

public double getSide1() {
return side1;
}

public double getSide2() {

return side2;
}

public double getSide3() {

return side3;
}

@Override
public String toString() {
return "Triangle with sides: " + side1 + ", " + side2 + ", " + side3;
}
}
import java.util.Scanner;

public class TestTriangle {

public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
 try {
System.out.print("Enter side1: ");
double side1 = input.nextDouble();

System.out.print("Enter side2: ");

double side2 = input.nextDouble();

System.out.print("Enter side3: ");

double side3 = input.nextDouble();

Triangle triangle = new Triangle(side1, side2, side3);

System.out.println(triangle);

} catch (IllegalTriangleException e) {
System.out.println("Invalid Triangle: " + e.getMessage());
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("Invalid input. Please enter valid numbers.");
}
}
}

12.8
public class HexFormatException extends Exception {
public HexFormatException(String message) {
super(message);
}
}
public class HexToDecimalConverter {
 public static int hex2Dec(String hex) throws HexFormatException {
for (int i = 0; i < hex.length(); i++) {
char ch = hex.charAt(i);
if (!((ch >= '0' && ch <= '9') || (ch >= 'A' && ch <= 'F') || (ch >= 'a' && ch <= 'f'))) {
throw new HexFormatException("Invalid hex string: " + hex);
}
}
return Integer.parseInt(hex, 16);
}

public static void main(String[] args) {

try {
String hexString = "1A3F";
int decimalValue = hex2Dec(hexString);
System.out.println("The decimal value of " + hexString + " is " + decimalValue);

String invalidHex = "1G3F";

System.out.println("The decimal value of " + invalidHex + " is " +
hex2Dec(invalidHex));
} catch (HexFormatException e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
}
}
}

12.9
public class BinaryFormatException extends Exception {
public BinaryFormatException(String message) {
super(message);
}
}

public class BinaryToDecimalConverter {

public static int bin2Dec(String binary) throws BinaryFormatException {
for (int i = 0; i < binary.length(); i++) {
char ch = binary.charAt(i);
if (ch != '0' && ch != '1') {
throw new BinaryFormatException("Invalid binary string: " + binary);
}
}
return Integer.parseInt(binary, 2);
}

public static void main(String[] args) {

try {
String binaryString = "1011";
int decimalValue = bin2Dec(binaryString);
System.out.println("The decimal value of " + binaryString + " is " + decimalValue);

String invalidBinary = "1021";

System.out.println("The decimal value of " + invalidBinary + " is " +
bin2Dec(invalidBinary));
} catch (BinaryFormatException e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
}
}
}
12.13
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class FileCharacterWordLineCounter {

public static void main(String[] args) {
if (args.length != 1) {
System.out.println("Usage: java FileCharacterWordLineCounter filename");
System.exit(1);
}

String filename = args[0];

File file = new File(filename);

int charCount = 0;
int wordCount = 0;
int lineCount = 0;

try (Scanner input = new Scanner(file)) {

while (input.hasNextLine()) {
String line = input.nextLine();
lineCount++;

charCount += line.length();

String[] words = line.split("\\s+");

wordCount += words.length;
}

System.out.println("Number of characters: " + charCount);

System.out.println("Number of words: " + wordCount);
 System.out.println("Number of lines: " + lineCount);
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
System.out.println("File not found: " + filename);
}
}
}

12.14
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class ProcessScoresFromFile {

public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner consoleInput = new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.print("Enter the file name: ");

String filename = consoleInput.nextLine();

File file = new File(filename);

int sum = 0;
int count = 0;

try (Scanner fileInput = new Scanner(file)) {

while (fileInput.hasNext()) {
if (fileInput.hasNextInt()) {
sum += fileInput.nextInt();
count++;
 } else {
fileInput.next();
}
}

double average = (count == 0) ? 0 : (double) sum / count;

System.out.println("Total: " + sum);

System.out.println("Average: " + average);
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
System.out.println("File not found: " + filename);
}
}
}
12.15
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;

public class WriteReadData {

public static void main(String[] args) {
String filename = "Exercise12_15.txt";

writeRandomNumbersToFile(filename);

List<Integer> numbers = readNumbersFromFile(filename);

Collections.sort(numbers);

System.out.println("Numbers in increasing order:");

for (int number : numbers) {
 System.out.print(number + " ");
}
}

public static void writeRandomNumbersToFile(String filename) {

try (PrintWriter output = new PrintWriter(new File(filename))) {
Random rand = new Random();
for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
int randomNum = rand.nextInt
output.print(randomNum + " ");
}
System.out.println("Random numbers have been written to the file: " + filename);
} catch (IOException e) {
System.out.println("Error writing to the file: " + e.getMessage());
}
}

public static List<Integer> readNumbersFromFile(String filename) {

List<Integer> numbers = new ArrayList<>();
try (Scanner input = new Scanner(new File(filename))) {
while (input.hasNextInt()) {
numbers.add(input.nextInt());
}
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
System.out.println("File not found: " + filename);
}
return numbers;
}
}
12.19
import java.io.*;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class CountWordsInGettysburg {

public static void main(String[] args) {
String urlString = "https://liveexample.pearsoncmg.com/data/Lincoln.txt";

try {
URL url = new URL(urlString);
Scanner input = new Scanner(url.openStream());

int wordCount = 0;

while (input.hasNext()) {
input.next();
wordCount++;
}

input.close();

System.out.println("Number of words in Lincoln's Gettysburg Address: " +

wordCount);

} catch (IOException e) {
System.out.println("Error reading from URL: " + e.getMessage());
}
}
}

Mini project
import java.io.*;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class BabyNameRanking {

public static void main(String[] args) {

String[][] boyNames = new String[10][1000];
String[][] girlNames = new String[10][1000];

loadNamesData(boyNames, girlNames);

Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.print("Enter the year (2001-2010): ");
int year = input.nextInt();
if (year < 2001 || year > 2010) {
System.out.println("Year must be between 2001 and 2010.");
return;
}

System.out.print("Enter the gender (M/F): ");

String gender = input.next().toUpperCase();
if (!gender.equals("M") && !gender.equals("F")) {
System.out.println("Invalid gender. Please enter M or F.");
return;
}
 System.out.print("Enter the name: ");
String name = input.next();

int rank = getRanking(year, gender, name, boyNames, girlNames);

if (rank != -1) {
System.out.println(name + " is ranked #" + rank + " in year " + year);
} else {
System.out.println("The name " + name + " is not ranked in year " + year);
}
}

public static void loadNamesData(String[][] boyNames, String[][] girlNames) {

for (int year = 2001; year <= 2010; year++) {
String fileName = "babynameranking" + year + ".txt";
File file = new File(fileName);

try (Scanner input = new Scanner(file)) {

int index = 0;
while (input.hasNext() && index < 1000) {
int rank = input.nextInt();
String boyName = input.next();
input.next();
String girlName = input.next();
input.next();

boyNames[year - 2001][index] = boyName;

girlNames[year - 2001][index] = girlName;
index++;
 }
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
System.out.println("File not found: " + fileName);
}
}
}

public static int getRanking(int year, String gender, String name, String[][] boyNames,
String[][] girlNames) {
int yearIndex = year - 2001;
String[] namesArray = gender.equals("M") ? boyNames[yearIndex] :
girlNames[yearIndex];

for (int i = 0; i < namesArray.length; i++) {

if (namesArray[i] != null && namesArray[i].equalsIgnoreCase(name)) {
return i + 1;
}
}
return -1;
}
}