CAD REVIEWER

HISTORY

AUTO CAD - it is a software application that enables computer-aided design and drafting. The software
is used to produced 2d and 3d drawings.

In the 70’s commercial cad programs ran on mainframe or microcomputers, with each user working on a
separate graphics terminal.

Autodesk – is the company behind AutoCAD

John Walker – He and the 15 co-founders intended to develop five different desktop automation
applications. Their flagship product turned out to AutoCAD.

December 1982 – They launched AutoCAD at the COMDEX trade show in Las Vegas as the first CAD
programs in the world to run on PC.

1986 – only 4 years after it was introduced, AutoCAD has become the widely use design applicatiob
worldwide.

33 Versions – from the first release in 1982 to the 2019 version of AutoCAD. The software supports APIs
for customizations and automation which enable the creation of vertical products such as:

1. AutoCAD Architecture
2. AutoCAD Electrical
3. AutoCAD Civil 3D

In the last five years, Autodesk has created mobile and cloud-based apps including AutoCAD 360, Fusion
360 and A360 viewer.

AUTOCAD INTERFACE

Before you start operating the AutoCAD software, make sure that all the chords are connected properly.
Plug the AVR and switch it on. After using it, shutdown the computer properly then turn off the AVR and
unplugged it.

To open AutoCAD, simply double click the icon on your desktop.

PARTS OF AUTOCAD INTERFACE

1. Drawing Area – it is where you create objects or even modify them.

2. Universal Coordinate System (UCS) – display the positive direction of the X, Y and Z axis.
3. View Port Controls – here you toggle the view tube or the viewing tools control the number of
view ports, select the name or pre-set view or select the visual style.
4. View Cube – Allows you to rotate the view of your drawing to see it in different viewpoint.
5. Navigation Bar – Provides access to the steering wheel, pan, zoom, orbit tool, and show motion
6. Drawing File Tab – you will preview images of model and layouts. Right click any drawing file tab
for additional options.
7. Ribbon – Organizes commands and tools into tabs and panels
8. Command Line – used to start a command and provide input on the current command.
 9. Controls – switches to model space, where you do most of your drawings and paper space that
allows layout tab that allows you to control which of the drawing area is to published and in
what scale.
10. Application Status Bar B – Displays common drafting aids, annotation, scaling tools and work
space customization tools.
11. Application Button – Click to create, open or published drawings or to search commands
12. Quick Access Tool Bar – displays frequently used tools. You can easily customized to include the
tools you like to use.
13. Dynamic Inputs – Display the command props after cursor
14. Title Bar – Display the title drawing

NOTE: Before you start drawing on your AutoCAD, check out the units first to do just type “units” then
press enter. A dialog box will appear, the default unit is inches. Click the arrow down and select
millimeters. Then click ok.

USES OF FUNCTION KEYS IN AUTOCAD

1. F1 – click for help

2. F2 – opens the AutoCAD text windows, which shows an extended view of the command line
entries.
3. F3 – Toggles the OSNAP tool ON and OFF
4. F4 – Toggles 3d OSNAP ON and OFF
5. F5 – Toggles isoplane between top/right/left. For drawing “fake 3d” isometric drawings.
6. F6 – Turns dynamic UCS on and off. Useful in 3d modeling works.
7. F7 – Toggles grid display on and off. Work with f9
8. F8 – Toggles ortho mode on and off
9. F9 – Toggle grid snap on and off
10. F10 – tracking polar on and off.
11. F11 – toggles object snap tracking on and off
12. F12 – toggles dynamic input on and off.

AUTOCAD DRAW COMMANDS

1. Line – with line you can create continuous line segments.

Commands type “L”
2. Polyline – a 2d polyline is connected sequence of segment created as a single planar object.
Commands type “PL”
3. Spline – create smooth curve that passes through or near a specified point.
Commands type “SPL”
4. Arc – creates an arc using three points.
Commands type “A”
5. Circle – Create circle using center point and radius.
Commands type “C”
6. Multi-line/Mlines – draws a multiline segment to the specified point using the current muktiline
style and continues to prompt for points.
Command type “ML”
 7. Ellipse – Create an ellipse using the length of the second axis and the end point of the first axis.
Commands type “EL”
8. Polygons – creates an equilateral closed polyline.
Commands type “POL”
9. Rectangle – creates a rectangular polyline
Commands type “REC”

AUTOCAD MODIFICATION COMMANDS

1. Erase – removes object from drawing

Commands type “E”
2. Trim – trims object to meet edges of another object.
Commands type “TR”
3. Fillet – the fillet command automatically rounds a sharp corner with radius.
Commands type “F”
4. Offset – crates a parallel copy of selected object.
Commands type “O’
5. Copy – copies object at a specified distance in a specified direction.
Commands type “CO”
6. Extend – can be thought of as the opposite of trim. Lines, arc, and pline can be extended until
another object called a “boundary edge”
Commands type “EX”
7. Explode – breaks a command object into its component object.
Commands type “X”
8. Array – creates multiple copies of a object in pattern.
Commands type “AR”
9. Move – moves object a specified distance in a specified direction.
Commands type “M”
10. Mirror - creates a mirrored copy of selected objects.
Commands type “M”
11. Rotate – rotates object around a basepoint
Command type “RO”
12. Scale – Enlarge reduces selected objects, keeping the proportions of the object the same after
scaling.
Commands type “SC”
13. Hatch – fills an enclosed area or selected objects with a hatch pattern or fill.
Commands type “H”
14. Match properties – applies the properties of a selected object to other objects.
Commands type “MA”

LAYERS

Layers – An electronic overlay similar to an acetate. Every layer has an associated color and line type.
Advantages of layers

 Easy selecting
 Selective printing
 Control of regeneration
 East editing

A. Capabilities of layers

Off – Objects in the layer turned off or invisible on screen or in plotting.

Freeze – Same effect using off, does not display, plot or regenerate objects on frozen layers.

Lock – You cannot edit the objects on a locked layer, however they will still visible if the layer is on.

Plot – Prevents the selected layers from being plotted.

B. Color method

By block – objects inherit the color of destination layer or can change the color of the block through
properties palette tool bar

By layer – objects inherit color destination layer.

C. Line type method

By block – objects inherit the color of destination layer or can change the color of the block through
properties palette tool bar

By layer – objects inherit color destination layer

D. Line weights

Add width to your objects

Creating layers
PLOTTING

CREATING TITLE BLOCK

Creating a title block in AutoCAD is much the same in creating manually.

STEPS

SETTING THE PAPER

Now you have your drawing paper, it is time for you to insert your drawings and produce a printed copy.
STEPS

PLOT AND PRINT

STPES
what is 3d model in autocad?

A 3D model in AutoCAD is a digital representation of an object or structure that has three dimensions:
length, width, and height (or depth). Unlike 2D drawings, which only show the flat views (like top,
front, or side).

3D models provide a full visualization of the object from multiple perspectives, allowing users to view
and interact with the object in a more realistic way.

What are types of 3d model in autocad?

Solid Models - in AutoCAD is themost common form of 3D modeling, where objects are defined by their
solid geometry.

- BOX
- CYLINDER
- SPHERE

Surface Model – Surface modeling is used to create complex, smooth surfaces that define the outer
shape of an object without enclosing a volume.

- LOFT
- SWEEP
- REVOVLE

Mesh Model - Mesh modeling is used to create models composed of vertices, edges, and faces, typically
made up of polygons (triangles or quadrilaterals).

- REVOVLE SURFACE
- RULED SURFACE
- EDGE SURFACE
- TABULATED SURFACE

20 COMMANDS OF3D MODELING

BOX - Creates a 3D solid box.

SPHERE - Creates a 3D solid sphere.

CYLINDER - Creates a 3D solid cylinder.

CONE - Creates a 3D solid cone.

WEDGE - Creates a 3D wedge.

TORUS - Creates a 3D torus (donut shape).

EXTRUDE - Extends a 2D object into 3D space along a path.

PRESSPULL - Extends or subtracts from a 3D object by selecting a region within the object.

UNION - Combines two or more 3D solids into one.

SUBTRACT - Removes the volume of one solid from another.

INTERSECT - Creates a 3D solid from the overlapping volume of two or more solids.

SLICE - Cuts a 3D solid into two parts using a defined plane.

SECTIONPLANE – Creates a 2D section of a 3D model.

3DROTATE - Rotates objects around a 3D axis.

3DMOVE - Moves objects in 3D space.

ALIGN - Aligns objects in 3D space using three pairs of points.

MIRROR3D - Mirrors 3D objects across a plane.