CS_224 Networks and Communication

Mojello, Shyriel Anne W.

BSCS 2-A

Assignment #6
Part 1:
1. What is the history of the internet?
The history of the internet dates back to the 1960s when researchers began exploring
ways to connect computers for sharing information. The first practical scheming of the
internet came in 1969 with ARPANET (Advanced Research Projects Agency Network),
which connected four universities in the United States. Over time, ARPANET expanded,
and in the 1980s, the Domain Name System (DNS) was developed, making it easier to
navigate the growing network. The World Wide Web (WWW), created by Tim Berners-
Lee in 1989, provided the foundation for the modern internet, combining hypertext and a
global network of computers. The internet expanded rapidly in the 1990s with the
introduction of commercial access and online services, and its growth has continued to
this day, reshaping communication, business, and society.

2. What is web hosting, and what is email hosting?

Web hosting: It refers to a service that stores and serves websites over the internet.
Web hosting providers store the files and data that make up a website and deliver them
to users' browsers when requested. This involves maintaining servers, ensuring uptime,
providing bandwidth, and offering domain names and other related services.
Email hosting: Email hosting involves the service that stores and manages email data. It
provides users with email accounts (often with custom domain names), ensures
security, and handles the storage of email messages. It can also provide features like
spam filtering, backups, and access through webmail or email clients.

3. What is the difference between an intranet and an extranet?

 Intranet: An intranet is a private network accessible only to an organization’s
internal members, such as employees. It allows for the sharing of internal
resources, data, and communication within the company. It is a secure, closed
network that helps with collaboration and information sharing.
 Extranet: An extranet is a private network that allows controlled access to certain
parts of an organization’s internal network from external users, like business
 partners or customers. It extends the intranet’s functionality beyond the
company’s borders, enabling collaboration and data exchange between parties
outside the organization.

4. What is File Transfer Protocol (FTP) and how does it work?

FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is a standard network protocol used to transfer files
between a client and a server over the internet or a network. It works by establishing a
connection between the client (the device requesting the file) and the server (the device
hosting the file). The user can upload, download, delete, or modify files on the server
using FTP client software. FTP operates on two separate channels: a control channel
for commands and a data channel for file transfer. FTP can be used for website
maintenance, sharing files, or managing files on a remote server.

5. What is Post Office Protocol (POP), and how is it used in email communication?
POP (Post Office Protocol) is a protocol used by email clients to retrieve emails from a
remote server. It allows users to download their emails to their local device, where they
can read and manage them offline. POP generally removes the email from the server
once it is downloaded, although some configurations allow keeping a copy on the
server. POP is useful for individuals who want to access their emails from a single
device and do not need constant synchronization with the server.

Part 2:

1. What do we mean by the term "Internet"?

The Internet refers to a global network of interconnected computers and servers that
communicate with each other to share information, data, and resources. It allows for
access to websites, email, media, social platforms, and services worldwide.

2. Can you provide a brief introduction to the Internet?

The Internet is a vast, interconnected network that links billions of computers and
devices around the world. It facilitates communication, information exchange, and
access to a wide range of online services and content. The Internet has become an
essential part of modern life, enabling activities like online shopping, social networking,
remote work, and learning.
3. Why is the Internet important in today's world?

The Internet is crucial today as it is the foundation for communication, education,

business, entertainment, and research. It connects people worldwide, enables access to
information instantly, and offers platforms for collaboration and innovation. The internet
also drives economic growth and provides access to essential services such as
healthcare and government resources.

4. What is an Internet connection, and how do we establish it?

An Internet connection is a link between a user’s device (like a computer or
smartphone) and the global Internet network, enabling data transfer. To establish an
internet connection, users need an Internet Service Provider (ISP) that provides access
to the internet. This can be done through wired connections (DSL, fiber, cable) or
wireless methods (Wi-Fi, mobile data).

5. How would you define the Internet in a simple way?

The Internet is a global system of interconnected computers that allows people to
communicate, access information, and use various online services.

6. What term is often used to describe the Internet?

The World Wide Web (WWW) is often used to describe the Internet, though technically,
the Internet includes much more than just websites.

7. Can you give a basic explanation of the Internet?

The Internet is a global network that connects computers and devices, allowing them to
share information and communicate with each other. It enables us to access websites,
send emails, stream videos, and connect with others worldwide.

8. What does a one-word answer that describes the Internet?

Connectivity

9. What are some of the advantages of using the Internet?

 Instant access to information

 Global communication and networking
  Opportunities for education and learning
 Convenience for online shopping and services
 Remote work and collaboration
 Entertainment through streaming, gaming, and social media

10. What is the Internet of Things (IoT), and what are its advantages and
disadvantages?

IoT (Internet of Things) refers to the network of physical devices embedded with
sensors, software, and other technologies that allow them to connect and exchange
data with each other over the internet.

 Advantages:
o Increased automation and efficiency
o Real-time monitoring and control
o Improved decision-making through data collection
o Enhanced convenience for users (smart homes, health devices)

 Disadvantages:
o Security and privacy risks
o Device compatibility issues
o Increased vulnerability to cyberattacks
o Complex management of a large number of devices

11. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using the Internet in education?

 Advantages:
o Access to vast educational resources and materials
o Opportunities for remote learning and online courses
o Global collaboration among students and educators
o Personalized learning through online tools

 Disadvantages:
o Distractions from social media and other websites
o Lack of face-to-face interaction in virtual classrooms
o Dependence on technology and internet access
o Potential for misinformation

12. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using networks and the Internet in
general?

 Advantages:
o Facilitates communication and collaboration
o Provides access to information and services
 o Supports business operations and growth
o Enhances entertainment options

 Disadvantages:
o Security and privacy concerns
o Dependence on technology
o Digital divide (accessibility issues for some populations)
o Risk of cyberattacks and online threats

13. What are the disadvantages of the Internet? (Essay-style question)

The Internet, while offering numerous benefits, also poses several disadvantages.
Security and privacy concerns are among the most significant issues, as personal data
can be compromised in online transactions or through cyberattacks. The Internet also
enables the rapid spread of misinformation and harmful content, which can mislead
individuals or influence public opinion negatively. Additionally, the rise of online
addiction, especially in social media or gaming, has led to mental health issues such as
anxiety and depression. Moreover, the digital divide remains a problem, as not
everyone has equal access to the Internet, creating inequalities in education,
employment, and opportunities.

14. What is considered the most important advantage of the Internet?

The most important advantage of the Internet is the ability to provide instant access to
information from anywhere in the world, revolutionizing how people learn, communicate,
and do business.

15. What is the role of Internet Service Providers (ISPs)?

ISPs (Internet Service Providers) play a key role in connecting users to the internet.
They offer the necessary infrastructure, such as broadband or wireless connections,
and provide customers with IP addresses, email services, and additional features like
web hosting. They ensure that users can access the internet and offer customer support
for technical issues.