A

INTERNSHIP PROJECT REPORT

On

Database Management System of Ecommerce Application

Submitted to Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur in the partial
fulfilment of the requirements of the Degree of

Bachelor of Technology
in

Computer Science & Engineering

By

HITAKSHI LEKARAM SHAHARE

IV Sem B.Tech. (CSE) (CBCS)

(Roll No. :- 105)

Department of Computer Science & Engineering

Priyadarshini Bhagwati College of Engineering, Nagpur

Session: 2022-2023
 Priyadarshini Bhagwati College of Engineering, Nagpur
Department of Computer Science & Engineering
Session: 2022-2023

Certificate
This is to certify that the investigation described in this report titled “Database
Management System of Ecommerce Application” has been carried out by
Ms. Hitakshi Lekaram Shahare during the internship project. The study was
done in the organization, Automechano Technologies, in partial fulfilment
of the requirement for the degree of Bachelor of Technology in Computer
Science & Engineering of Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University,
Nagpur. This work is the own work of the candidate, complete in all respects
and is of sufficiently high standard to warrant its submission to the said degree.

Mr.D.B. Khadse Mr. K.N. Hande

Internship In-charge HOD

CERTIFICATE from the internship
organization
 DECLARATION
I, Ms. Hitakshi Lekaram Shahare here by declares that the project report
entitles “Database Management System of Ecommerce Application”
has been submitted by me in partial fulfilment of the requirement for
awarding degree in Bachelor of Technology in Computer Science &
Engineering from Nagpur University

I solemnly declare that this report is a result of internship work undertaken

by me. It is my original work and has not been published anywhere nor has
been submitted to any university/institute for the award of any degree before
this.

Place: Nagpur

Date: 19/05/2023 HITAKSHI L. SHAHARE

 Index
Sr. No Content Page No

1 Introduction 1-5

2 Objective and Scope of Study 6-7

3 Company Profile 8-9

4 Methodology 10-12

5 Output 13-19

6 Conclusion 20
 1.INTRODUCTION
As technology grows, the number of people participating in e-commerce
purchases will grow along with it. Electronic commerce, known as
e-commerce, is a type of business model that involves making transactions
over the internet. Any store, business, or person who actively sells products
online are considered to be apart of e-commerce. In 2018 alone, mobile
conversions increased by 55 percent and are expected to reach $175.4 billion
in USD sales.
However with the ever-growing industry, there is a system that is running the
backend of each and every successful e-commerce site; a database. With the
abundance of fast-growing data being transferred everyday, sites need to
be thoughtful about database best practices. By ensuring proper
procedures, businesses can fully leverage an agile system to help store,
organize, and structure data for an e-commerce site.
1.1 WHAT IS DATABASE?
If you have ever heard of the term “Cloud Database” or “Database-
backed” site, they are referring to a site that is using a database. The basic
function of a database is to digitally store information that can be captured,
retrieved, and disturbed easily at a later time. Through this
system, information such as transactional or systems oriented data can be
organized and tracked based on chosen settings. This also gives businesses
the ability to analyze and track information about the products, sales, and
customers that have been input into the database.
A database management system (or DBMS) is essentially nothing more than a
computerized data-keeping system. Users of the system are given facilities
to perform several kinds of operations on such a system for either
manipulation of the data in the database or the management of the
database structure itself. Database Management Systems (DBMSs) are
categorized according to their data structures or types.
There are several types of databases that can be used on a mainframe
to exploit z/OS®: inverted list, hierarchic, network, or relational.

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Mainframe sites tend to use a hierarchical model when the data structure (not
data values) of the data needed for an application is relatively static. For
example, a Bill of Material (BOM) database structure always has a high level
assembly part number, and several levels of components with subcomponents.
The structure usually has a component forecast, cost, and pricing data, and so
on. The structure of the data for a BOM application rarely changes, and new
data elements (not values) are rarely identified. An application normally starts
at the top with the assembly part number, and goes down to the detail
components.

Hierarchical and relational database systems have common benefits. RDBMS

has the additional, significant advantage over the hierarchical DB of being non-
navigational. By navigational, we mean that in a hierarchical database, the
application programmer must know the structure of the database. The
program must contain specific logic to navigate from the root segment to the
desired child segments containing the desired attributes or elements. The
program must still access the intervening segments, even though they are not
needed.

Some key features of a DBMS include:

1.Data modeling: A DBMS provides tools for creating and modifying data
models, which define the structure and relationships of the data in a database.

2.Data storage and retrieval: A DBMS is responsible for storing and retrieving
data from the database, and can provide various methods for searching and
querying the data.

3.Concurrency control: A DBMS provides mechanisms for controlling

concurrent access to the database, to ensure that multiple users can access the
data without conflicting with each other.

4.Data integrity and security: A DBMS provides tools for enforcing data
integrity and security constraints, such as constraints on the values of data and
access controls that restrict who can access the data.

5.Backup and recovery: A DBMS provides mechanisms for backing up and

recovering the data in the event of a system failure.

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6.DBMS can be classified into two types: Relational Database Management
System (RDBMS) and Non-Relational Database Management System (NoSQL or
Non-SQL)

7.RDBMS: Data is organized in the form of tables and each table has a set of
rows and columns. The data is related to each other through primary and
foreign keys.

8.NoSQL: Data is organized in the form of key-value pairs, document, graph, or

column-based. These are designed to handle large-scale, high-performance
scenarios.

There are four types of Data Languages

1.Data Definition Language (DDL)

2.Data Manipulation Language(DML)

3.Data Control Language(DCL)

4.Transactional Control Language(TCL)

1.2 E-commerce Application

In an e-commerce application, the main purpose of a database is to store
information for retrieving the product details, customer information, track
transactions, and further, maintain the inventory. One of the biggest benefits
of using a database for e-commerce is structuring vast amounts of shop data.

The following are common types of data that databases help to store and track
for e-commerce sites:

1.Product Information

Databases help e-commerce sites to update and hold information regarding

products. This can include detailed product descriptions, prices, specifications,
product reference numbers, promotions, and availability. Updating this
information through your database saves you from changing and publishing
new data to every individual site page by uniformly keeping all pages up-to-
date with the same info.

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2.Customer Information

Having customer data to store and analyze is huge for e-commerce sites.
Through databases, information such as contact details, names, spending
patterns, and more can be held for later marketing use. For instance, personal
demographic details are very relevant to buying potential. The collection of
this type of data helps to create distinguished target markets and allows for
improved customer communications, encouraging online commerce sites to
focus on customers’ wants and needs. When you can tell what a customer
wants, issues and problems can be resolved easier.

3.Transactional Information

Tracking and managing transactions are one of the most important jobs a
database can do for an e-commerce site. Tracking every order throughout the
sales funnel in an organized manner, along with the needed processing details,
is key to keeping the business functioning. The database helps to keep the
inventory up to date after each transaction, such as what is in or out of stock,
billing, shipping statuses, purchase orders, and more.

Databases are crucial to an efficient and successful e-commerce site. Whether

you have a small company with limited data or a big store with millions of
products, databases help to digitally store and organize important data. With
so much information needing to be processed, it would be impractical to not
have a database in use.

1.3 What is Structured Query Language (SQL)?

SQL is a programming language used by nearly all relational databases to
query, manipulate, and define data, and to provide access control. SQL was
first developed at IBM in the 1970s with Oracle as a major contributor, which
led to implementation of the SQL ANSI standard, SQL has spurred many
extensions from companies such as IBM, Oracle, and Microsoft. Although SQL
is still widely used today, new programming languages are beginning to
appear.

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1.4 What is SQL?
SQL is the standard language for dealing with Relational Databases.

SQL is used to insert, search, update, and delete database records.

1.5 What is MySQL?

MySQL is a relational database management system

MySQL is free

MySQL is ideal for both small and large applications

MySQL is very fast, reliable, scalable, and easy to use

MySQL is cross-platform

MySQL is compliant with the ANSI SQL standard

MySQL was first released in 1995

MySQL is developed, distributed, and supported by Oracle Corporation

MySQL is named after co-founder Monty Widenius's daughter: My

1.6 Who Uses MySQL?

Huge websites like Facebook, Twitter, Airbnb, Booking.com, Uber, GitHub,
YouTube, etc.

Content Management Systems like WordPress, Drupal, Joomla!, Contao, etc.

A very large number of web developers around the world

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 2.OBJECTIVE AND SCOPE OF STUDY
Database management system is developed through programming language
but its object is to give the benefit to general person. A normal accountant
who do not know the programming language can easily take benefit from
advance DBMS. Every DBMS should be made for achieving following
objectives.

1. To Reduce Duplication.

2. To Share the Data.

3. To Bring Integrity of Data

4. To Secure the Data

5. To Bring Independence in Data

2.1 Scope of Pursuing a Database Management Course

Nearly all types of organisations make extensive use of database management
systems to store and manage their information and knowledge resources.
After completing your course, you may work in any industry including Banking,
Government, Legal, Retail, Internet, Pharmaceutical, Education and Insurance.

This is because virtually all industries or organisations use database

management systems in one way or the other. Hence, the database
management professionals are offered with many opportunities throughout
their career. Database management professionals or experts may work in the
capacity of software implementation, business intelligence consulting,
database administration, database engineering or database analysis.

2.2 Types of Database Management Assignments

There are both basis and advanced types of database management courses
and their curriculum differs on the basis of the type of course you opt.
However, there are weekly assignments in each type of database management
course to equip the students with adequate knowledge and skills. The
assignments include database design, a database application, relational

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algebra, XML data and relational models. Transformational languages like XSLT,
XPath, XQuery, relational design principles and database design in UML are
also part of some assignments that the students need to complete.

2.4 Skills Required to Effectively Complete Database

Management Assignments
The use of an object as well as data modelling, applications programming,
relational data models and relational algebra. The physical characteristics of
system performance, reliability and databases are additional assignments in
database management courses. The emphasis of these assignments is on data
integrity, data dictionaries and normalisation. Upon course and assignment
completion, your skill-set will include designing as well as an implementation
of normalised databases creating tables and forms and using database reports.
Completion of effective database management assignments will also equip you
with skills and knowledge necessary to develop multiple table systems with
reports, updates and screens. We will require strong organisational and
analytical skills, ability to understand the needs of different businesses,
understanding of SQL, eye for accuracy and details and strong leadership skills
in order to be able to effectively complete your database management
assignments.

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 3.COMPANY PROFILE

9, Makde Layout, Bhande Plot Square, Umrer Road, Nagpur-440024, Maharashtra,

India
+91 9518543783 | [email protected] | www.automechano.com

3.1 About Automechano Technologies

Automechano Technologies is a Software Solutions and IT Services provider
Company founded in 2019. They develop all kinds of Business related Software
Solutions, Web Applications and Mobile Applications. They also provide IT
Automation and Technical services.

Automechano develop Software solutions for mid and small sized enterprises, ERP
for multiple industry types and ecommerce solutions for business.

Automechano design and develop Web Applications and Mobile applications to

deliver complete solution with modern technologies.

Automechano IT Automation can replace repetitive manual tasks, processes and

workflows with automated solutions and streamline business operations.

Automechano are experienced and technically sound to provide you right solution
to meet your business needs.

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3.2 Automechano Software Solutions and IT Services
Customized Software Solutions
Automechano are expert in development of Web Applications and Mobile
Applications. Automechano develop and customize software solutions based on
customer's ideas and concepts and convert into business Application.

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 4.METHODOLOGY
4.1 Internship Overview:
We have successfully completed One Month Internship in “Database
Management System of Ecommerce Application” from 21-MAR-2023 to 20-
APR-2023 at Automechano Technologies, Nagpur.

In one month Internship we have learned and experience on following topics –

1.Database Management System

2.Structured Query Language (SQL

3.Ecommerce Application

4.Ecommerce Database

4.2 INTERNSHIP DETAILS

What Is a Database?
A database is an organized collection of structured information, or data,
typically stored electronically in a computer system. A database is usually
controlled by a database management system (DBMS). Together, the data and
the DBMS, along with the applications that are associated with them, are
referred to as a database system, often shortened to just database.

Data within the most common types of databases in operation today is

typically modeled in rows and columns in a series of tables to make processing
and data querying efficient. The data can then be easily accessed, managed,
modified, updated, controlled, and organized. Most databases use structured
query language (SQL) for writing and querying data.

4.3 Types of databases

There are many different types of databases. The best database for a specific
organization depends on how the organization intends to use the data.

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1.Relational databases
Relational databases became dominant in the 1980s. Items in a relational
database are organized as a set of tables with columns and rows. Relational
database technology provides the most efficient and flexible way to access
structured information.

2.Object-oriented databases

Information in an object-oriented database is represented in the form of

objects, as in object-oriented programming.

3.Distributed databases
A distributed database consists of two or more files located in different sites.
The database may be stored on multiple computers, located in the same
physical location, or scattered over different networks.

4.Data warehouses
A central repository for data, a data warehouse is a type of database
specifically designed for fast query and analysis.

5.NoSQL databases
A NoSQL, or nonrelational database, allows unstructured and semistructured
data to be stored and manipulated (in contrast to a relational database, which
defines how all data inserted into the database must be composed). NoSQL
databases grew popular as web applications became more common and more
complex.

6.Graph databases
A graph database stores data in terms of entities and the relationships
between entities.

OLTP databases. An OLTP database is a speedy, analytic database designed for

large numbers of transactions performed by multiple users. These are only a
few of the several dozen types of databases in use today. Other, less common

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databases are tailored to very specific scientific, financial, or other functions.
In addition to the different database types, changes in technology
development approaches and dramatic advances such as the cloud and
automation are propelling databases in entirely new directions. Some of the
latest databases include
7.Open source databases
An open source database system is one whose source code is open
source; such databases could be SQL or NoSQL databases.
8.Cloud databases
A cloud database is a collection of data, either structured or unstructured, that
resides on a private, public, or hybrid cloud computing platform. There are two
types of cloud database models: traditional and database as a service (DBaaS).
With DBaaS, administrative tasks and maintenance are performed by a service
provider.
9.Multimodel database
Multimodel databases combine different types of database models into
a single, integrated back end. This means they can accommodate various
data types.
10.Document/JSON database
Designed for storing, retrieving, and managing document-
oriented information, document databases are a modern way to store data
in JSON format rather than rows and columns.

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 5.OUTPUT
5.1 What is database software?
Database software is used to create, edit, and maintain database files and
records, enabling easier file and record creation, data entry, data editing,
updating, and reporting. The software also handles data storage, backup and
reporting, multi-access control, and security. Strong database security is
especially important today, as data theft becomes more frequent. Database
software is sometimes also referred to as a “database management system”
(DBMS).

Database software makes data management simpler by enabling users to store

data in a structured form and then access it. It typically has a graphical
interface to help create and manage the data and, in some cases, users
can construct their own databases by using database software.

5.2 What is a MySQL database?

MySQL is an open source relational database management system based on
SQL. It was designed and optimized for web applications and can run on any
platform. As new and different requirements emerged with the internet,
MySQL became the platform of choice for web developers and web-based
applications. Because it’s designed to process millions of queries and
thousands of transactions, MySQL is a popular choice for ecommerce
businesses that need to manage multiple money transfers. On-demand
flexibility is the primary feature of MySQL.

MySQL is the DBMS behind some of the top websites and web-based
applications in the world, including Airbnb, Uber, LinkedIn, Facebook, Twitter,
and YouTube.

5.3 What is RDBMS?

RDBMS stands for Relational Database Management System.
RDBMS is a program used to maintain a relational database.
RDBMS is the basis for all modern database systems such as MySQL, Microsoft
SQL Server, Oracle, and Microsoft Access.

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RDBMS uses SQL queries to access the data in the database.

5.4 What is a Database Table?

A table is a collection of related data entries, and it consists of columns and
rows.

A column holds specific information about every record in the table.

A record (or row) is each individual entry that exists in a table.

Look at a selection from the Northwind "Customers" table:

CustomerID CustomerName ContactName Address City PostalCode Country

1 Alfreds Maria Anders Obere Str. 57 Berlin 12209 Germany

Futterkiste

2 Ana Trujillo Ana Trujillo Avda. de la México 05021 Mexico

Emparedados y Constitución D.F.
helados 2222

3 Antonio Moreno Antonio Mataderos México 05023 Mexico

Taquería Moreno 2312 D.F.

4 Around the Thomas 120 Hanover London WA1 1DP UK

Horn Hardy Sq.

5 Berglunds Christina Berguvsvägen Luleå S-958 22 Sweden

snabbköp Berglund 8

The columns in the "Customers" table above are: CustomerID, CustomerName,

ContactName, Address, City, PostalCode and Country. The table has 5 records
(rows).

5.5 What is a Relational Database?

A relational database defines database relationships in the form of tables. The
tables are related to each other - based on data common to each.

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Look at the following three tables "Customers", "Orders", and "Shippers" from
the Northwind database:

Customers Table

CustomerID CustomerName ContactName Address City PostalCode Country

1 Alfreds Futterkiste Maria Anders Obere Str. 57 Berlin 12209 Germany

2 Ana Trujillo Ana Trujillo Avda. de la México 05021 Mexico

Emparedados y Constitución D.F.
helados 2222

3 Antonio Moreno Antonio Mataderos 2312 México 05023 Mexico

Taquería Moreno D.F.

4 Around the Horn Thomas Hardy 120 Hanover Sq. London WA1 1DP UK

5 Berglunds Christina Berguvsvägen 8 Luleå S-958 22 Sweden

snabbköp Berglund

The relationship between the "Customers" table and the "Orders" table is the
CustomerID column:

Orders Table

OrderID CustomerID EmployeeID OrderDate ShipperID

10278 5 8 1996-08-12 2

10280 5 2 1996-08-14 1

10308 2 7 1996-09-18 3

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10355 4 6 1996-11-15 1

10365 3 3 1996-11-27 2

10383 4 8 1996-12-16 3

10384 5 3 1996-12-16 3

The relationship between the "Orders" table and the "Shippers" table is the
ShipperID column:

Shippers Table

ShipperID ShipperName Phone

1 Speedy Express (503) 555-9831

2 United Package (503) 555-3199

3 Federal Shipping (503) 555-9931

5.6 SQL Commands

SELECT - extracts data from a database

UPDATE - updates data in a database

DELETE - deletes data from a database

INSERT INTO - inserts new data into a database

CREATE DATABASE - creates a new database

ALTER DATABASE - modifies a database

CREATE TABLE - creates a new table

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ALTER TABLE - modifies a table

DROP TABLE - deletes a table

CREATE INDEX - creates an index (search key)

DROP INDEX - deletes an index

5.7 About E-commerce Database

E-Commerce database is an excellent tutorial schema for a small-business ERP,
with customers, orders, inventory, purchasing, suppliers, shipping, employees,
and single-entry accounting.

This database includes sample data for the following tables

1.Suppliers: Suppliers and vendors

2.Customers: Customers who buy products

3.Employees: Employee details of traders

4.Products: Product information

5.Shippers: The details of the shippers who ship the products from the traders
to the end-customers

6.Orders and Order_Details: Sales Order transactions taking place between the
customers & the company

5.8 QUERIES WITH OUTPUTS

1. Update

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2.Delete

3.Select

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4.Insert into

The database includes 14 tables and the table relationships are showcased in
the following entity relationship diagram

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 6.CONCLUSION
E-commerce still represents one of the business methods that take advantage
if done the right way, even if the stock market and commodities fell, but E-
Commerce still able to survive and receive high transaction. E-commerce has a
tremendous opportunity in the course of or business in Malaysia. In addition, it
is also to introducing new techniques and styles in a transaction. Use the
extensive E-Commerce in the Internet world is actually much better to bring
the goodness of the individual or the state.

The main purpose of thesis project was learning development of E-commerce

website with CMS in PHP and MySQL. Planning for making website was hardest
part. Development of E-commerce website is often hard if one does not have
proper knowledge where to start. Planning give more focus and clear path to
create website Developer has used different web tools and technology to
create website. With proper plan and implementation developer create E-
commerce website names NF electronics which online store of electronics
products where customer convenience. Customers can create account, easy
access 24/7, choose variety of electronics products, compare prices, and finally
order product. This will help to save time and effort of customers. Project will
be modified in future with adding PayPal payment system and other new
technologies as per necessity.

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