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Black Box Testing ST

Black box testing is a software testing technique that evaluates functionality without examining internal code, primarily based on customer requirements. It includes various types such as functional, regression, and non-functional testing, along with several techniques like decision table, boundary value, and equivalence partitioning. While it offers advantages like user perspective testing and ease of reproducibility, it also has limitations such as the inability to write automated test cases and challenges in identifying excess code.

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31 views5 pages

Black Box Testing ST

Black box testing is a software testing technique that evaluates functionality without examining internal code, primarily based on customer requirements. It includes various types such as functional, regression, and non-functional testing, along with several techniques like decision table, boundary value, and equivalence partitioning. While it offers advantages like user perspective testing and ease of reproducibility, it also has limitations such as the inability to write automated test cases and challenges in identifying excess code.

Uploaded by

ramukaka777787
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Software Testing

Topperworld.in

black box testing

⚫ Black box testing is a technique of software testing which examines the


functionality of software without peering into its internal structure or
coding.
⚫ The primary source of black box testing is a specification of requirements
that is stated by the customer.
⚫ In this method, tester selects a function and gives input value to examine its
functionality, and checks whether the function is giving expected output or
not.
⚫ If the function produces correct output, then it is passed in testing,
otherwise failed.
⚫ The test team reports the result to the development team and then tests the
next function.
⚫ After completing testing of all functions if there are severe problems, then
it is given back to the development team for correction.

©Topperworld
Software Testing

❖ Types Of Black Box Testing


The following are the several categories of black box testing:

1. Functional Testing
2. Regression Testing
3. Nonfunctional Testing (NFT)

1. Functional Testing:
✓ Functional testing is a type of black box testing that aims to ensure the
software's functionality aligns with the specified requirements.
✓ It focuses on testing the individual functions, features, and behaviors of
the system.
✓ This type of testing verifies that the software performs the intended
tasks accurately, produces the expected outputs, and handles different
inputs appropriately.

2. Regression Testing:

✓ Regression Testing is the process of testing the modified parts of the


code and the parts that might get affected due to the modifications to
ensure that no new errors have been introduced in the software after
the modifications have been made.

✓ Regression means the return of something and in the software field, it


refers to the return of a bug.

✓ It ensures that the newly added code is compatible with the existing
code.

©Topperworld
Software Testing

✓ In other words, a new software update has no impact on the


functionality of the software.

✓ This is carried out after a system maintenance operation and upgrades.

3. Non-Functional Testing:
✓ Non-functional testing examines the non-functional aspects of the
software, such as performance, scalability, usability, security, and
reliability.
✓ Unlike functional testing, which focuses on what the system does, non-
functional testing assesses how well the system performs.
✓ This type of testing helps ensure that the software meets the user's
expectations in terms of responsiveness, efficiency, accessibility, and
other quality attributes.

❖ Techniques Used in Black Box Testing:

Decision Decision Table Technique is a systematic approach where


Table various input combinations and their respective system
Technique behavior are captured in a tabular form. It is appropriate for the
functions that have a logical relationship between two and more
than two inputs.

Boundary Boundary Value Technique is used to test boundary values,


Value boundary values are those that contain the upper and lower
Technique limit of a variable. It tests, while entering boundary value
whether the software is producing correct output or not.

©Topperworld
Software Testing

State State Transition Technique is used to capture the behavior of


Transition the software application when different input values are given
Technique to the same function. This applies to those types of applications
that provide the specific number of attempts to access the
application.

All-pair All-pair testing Technique is used to test all the possible discrete
Testing combinations of values. This combinational method is used for
Technique testing the application that uses checkbox input, radio button
input, list box, text box, etc.

Cause- Cause-Effect Technique underlines the relationship between a


Effect given result and all the factors affecting the result.It is based on
Technique a collection of requirements.

Equivalence Equivalence partitioning is a technique of software testing in


Partitioning which input data divided into partitions of valid and invalid
Technique values, and it is mandatory that all partitions must exhibit the
same behavior.

Error Error guessing is a technique in which there is no specific


Guessing method for identifying the error. It is based on the experience
Technique of the test analyst, where the tester uses the experience to
guess the problematic areas of the software.

Use Case Use case Technique used to identify the test cases from the
Technique beginning to the end of the system as per the usage of the
system. By using this technique, the test team creates a test
scenario that can exercise the entire software based on the
functionality of each function from start to end.

©Topperworld
Software Testing

❖ Advantages of Black Box Testing:


⚫ The tester does not need to have more functional knowledge or
programming skills to implement the Black Box Testing.
⚫ It is efficient for implementing the tests in the larger system.
⚫ Tests are executed from the user’s or client’s point of view.
⚫ Test cases are easily reproducible.
⚫ It is used to find the ambiguity and contradictions in the functional
specifications.

❖ Disadvantages of Black Box Testing:

⚫ Writing automated test cases is impossible with the black box technique.

⚫ In the black box, since code is not getting tested, one might not be able
to find excess code or code of higher time and space complexity.

⚫ Integration and data flow testing cannot be done in black box testing.

©Topperworld

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