MAKALAH

DESCRIPTE TEXT

COMPILED BY:

GAMARATI.TUALEKA

SEMESTER: (SATU) 1

DOSEN PENGAMPU:PETER MANUPUTTY,S Pd.,MH

PRODI: ADMINISTRASI PUBLIK

FAKULTAS:ILMU SOSIAL

UNIVERSITAS VICTORY SORONG

TAHUN:2025
 INTRODUCTION
The reason for making this assignment is to help us understand and apply the concept of
descriptive text better. Through this assignment, we can learn how to describe an object, a
theme.or circumstances in a clear and detailed manner. This kind of task also hones writing
skills and expands our ability to use language effectively. In addition, understanding texts used
in various contexts, both in literary works, journalism, and in everyday life, to convey
information that requires a deep understanding of the object being depicted.

Descriptive text

•DEVINITION
Descriptive text is a type of text that aims to describe or explain an object, place, person, or event in detail
and clearly. Descriptive text focuses on the details that to form the characteristics of the object being
described, so that the reader or listener can imagine or feel the object as if they were there.In descriptive
text, the writer uses language rich in sensory details, such as sight, hearing, smell, and feeling, to create a
vivid and alive picture.

•Purpose
The purpose of descriptive text is to describe or explain an object, place, person or event in detail and
depth, so that the reader or listener can.imagine or feel the object clearly. In general, the purpose of
descriptive text includes:

1.Providing a Clear Picture: So that readers can imagine the object being described more vividly and
realistically.

2.Evoking Imagination: Using sensory details and evocative language to stimulate the reader's
imagination so that they feel as if they are in the place described.

3.Delivering Information in an Interesting Way: Providing information about an object or phenomenon

through detailed descriptions so that readers can understand its features or characteristics With better.

Thus, descriptive text functions to provide a visual or emotional experience to the reader, making it easier
to understand and appreciate the object being described.

•Generic structure

The generic structure of descriptive text generally consists of three main parts, namely:

1.Identification (Introduction)

this section, the author introduces the object to be described. Identification provides a general
description about the object, such as its name, location, or context. This section serves to provide initial
information to the reader about what will be discussed.

2.Description (Content)
 section is the core of the descriptive text, which describes the characteristics, properties, or details of the
object being described. The author describes the object in detail.involving various senses, such as sight,
hearing, smell, or feeling. The purpose of this section is to make the reader able to imagine the object
clearly.

3.Closing (Conclusion or Impression)

section serves to provide a final impression or conclusion about the object that has been described. The
author can convey his feelings or assessments of the object, or provide an overall picture of how the
object affects or impresses the reader.

This structure helps in composing a well-organized descriptive text, starting from the
introduction of the object to the impression you want to convey to the reader.

•Language features
Language features in descriptive text are used to describe objects, places, people or events in
detail and clearly, so that readers can imagine or feel them more realistically. Some language
features that are often found in descriptive text include:
1. **Use of Adjectives** Adjectives function to describe the characteristics or properties of
objects, such as “big”, “beautiful”, “charming”, “tall”, “bright”, and so on. Adjectives help
provide more concrete details about the object being described.
2. **Use of Detailed and Detailed Sentences** Sentences in descriptive text usually contain very
detailed details, covering various aspects, such as shape, color, size, texture, smell, and so on.
The goal is to build a clear picture in the reader’s mind.
3. **Sensory Language** Descriptive text often involves the use of language related to the five
senses (sight, hearing, smell, feeling, and taste) to create a more vivid picture. For example, “the
sound of gurgling water” (hearing), “the sweet smell of flowers” (smell), “the feeling of the
warmth of the sun” (feeling), etc. 4. **Use of Adverbs** Adverbs are used to provide further
information regarding the manner, time, place, or intensity of an action or state. Examples:
“Slowly,” “Very high,” “Out there.”

4. **Use of Adverbs**
Adverbs are used to provide further information regarding the manner, time, place, or
intensity of an action or state. Examples: “Slowly,” “Very high,” “Out there.”

5. **Choice of words that stir the imagination**

In descriptive text, the author uses words that can arouse the reader’s imagination so that
they can imagine the object being described more vividly and realistically. For example, “a
golden orange sunset sky,” or “silky soft sand.”

6. **Descriptive and Elaborative Sentences**

 Descriptive texts often use sentences that describe objects or situations in depth and
sequentially. This aims to create a clearer and more detailed picture in the reader’s mind.

By using this language feature, descriptive text can provide a clear and in-depth picture of the
object being described, so that readers feel as if they can “see” or “feel” the object.

•Kinds of descritive text

Descriptive text can be divided into several types based on the object being described. Following
are some types of descriptive text:

1.Person Description
This type of descriptive text describes a person’s physical, nature and character. This
description may include the appearance, behavior, and personality of the person described. For
example, describing a friend, family member, or famous figure.

2.Place Description
This type of descriptive text describes a place or location, be it a real or imaginary place. A
description of a place can include the atmosphere, environmental conditions, and features of the
place, such as parks, schools, or cities.

3.Description of Things or Objects

This descriptive text describes an object or object in detail, whether it is an object that appears
physically or an object that has a certain meaning. For example, describing a tool, work of art,
or historical item.

4.Description of the Event or Occurrence

This type of descriptive text describes an event or events that have occurred, with details about
the time, place and atmosphere when the event took place. For example, describing a
celebration, competition, or natural disaster.

5.Process Description
This type of descriptive text describes the sequence of steps or stages in a process. For example,
a description of how to make a cake, or the process of natural changes such as the formation of
rain.

Each type of descriptive text aims to provide a clear and detailed picture of the object being
discussed, allowing the reader or listener to imagine or feel what is being described.
•An example of descriptive text
**Text Description Paper: School Days** **Introduction** School years are a
memorable period in every individual’s life. Most people remember their school years
with deep feelings, whether it was happiness, challenges, or valuable experiences that
shaped their personality. In this paper, we will discuss text descriptions of school days
which involve various aspects, such as atmosphere, activities, friends, and unforgettable
experiences. **Content**

1. **Atmosphere at School** School is a place that combines various elements of life,

from teaching and learning activities to social interactions between friends and
teachers. The school atmosphere is often filled with joy and enthusiasm for learning.
In the morning, the sound of the school bell signaled the start of a new day, and all
the students excitedly entered the classroom. The school building, which usually
consists of several floors with neatly arranged classrooms, is the backdrop that
accompanies students throughout the day. Apart from that, there are also areas such
as sports fields where students play after class ends, or a library room full of books
to increase knowledge. This atmosphere is an inseparable part of school memories
that are always missed.Apart from that, there are also areas such as sports fields
where students play after class ends, or a library room full of books to increase
knowledge. This atmosphere is an inseparable part of school memories that are
always missed.

2. **Teaching and Learning Activities** The teaching and learning process in

schools is very diverse, starting from theoretical lessons that require students to sit
on a bench and record material, to practical activities and group assignments that
are more interactive. Each subject brings its own challenges and uniqueness. Some
subjects such as mathematics and Indonesian often become topics of hot discussion
among students, while subjects such as sports or arts provide opportunities for
students to express themselves and be creative. Apart from that, exams and school
assignments are often moments that students look forward to or even fear. Even
though they can be a source of stress, exams and assignments are also an important
part of the learning process that teaches discipline, responsibility and how to deal
with pressure.Apart from that, exams and school assignments are often moments
that students look forward to or even fear. Even though they can be a source of
stress, exams and assignments are also an important part of the learning process
that teaches discipline, responsibility and how to deal with pressure.

3. **Interaction with Friends and Teachers** One of the most memorable aspects
of school is the relationships with friends. Classmates often become best friends who
accompany them through thick and thin. Activities such as playing together at break
time, doing assignments together, or just chatting outside of class strengthen social
relationships that are hard to forget. Apart from friends, teachers also play an
important role in school. Teachers not only teach lessons, but also provide advice
and motivation that shapes students’ character. Interactions with teachers can vary
greatly, from serious discussions in class to moments of laughter together outside of
class. Many students feel appreciated and given more attention by teachers, which
also encourages them to continue to develop.

4. **Unforgettable Memories and Experiences** Every individual definitely has

special memories that will not be forgotten during their school years. It could be a
win in a competition, a school trip to an interesting place, or even a small moment
like a birthday surprise in class. These memories often become a source of happiness
in the future, remembering that school was a time full of fun and togetherness with
friends. Apart from that, school also teaches many things about life, such as
friendship, failure and success. These experiences equip students to face life’s
challenges after they graduate.
 **Conclusion**
School is a period that is full of color and has a very significant value in a person’s
life. A comfortable atmosphere, various learning activities, and relationships with
friends and teachers are the elements that create unforgettable memories.
Therefore, school is not only a place to study, but also as a foundation that shapes a
person’s character and personality in the future.
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