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The document discusses the evolution of HTML from its roots in SGML, highlighting key milestones such as the first HTML specification draft in 1993 and the establishment of the HTML Working Group in 1994. It details the transition of HTML maintenance from the IETF to the W3C and the eventual standardization of HTML5 in 2014. The document also notes the influence of successful prototypes on the development of HTML features and standards.

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Bhushan Mahajan
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7 views1 page

2

The document discusses the evolution of HTML from its roots in SGML, highlighting key milestones such as the first HTML specification draft in 1993 and the establishment of the HTML Working Group in 1994. It details the transition of HTML maintenance from the IETF to the W3C and the eventual standardization of HTML5 in 2014. The document also notes the influence of successful prototypes on the development of HTML features and standards.

Uploaded by

Bhushan Mahajan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ommands used by typesetters to manually format documents.

However, the SGML concept


of generalized markup is based on elements (nested annotated ranges with
attributes) rather than merely print effects, with separate structure and markup.
HTML has been progressively moved in this direction with CSS.

Berners-Lee considered HTML to be an application of SGML. It was formally defined


as such by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) with the mid-1993 publication
of the first proposal for an HTML specification, the "Hypertext Markup Language
(HTML)" Internet Draft by Berners-Lee and Dan Connolly, which included an SGML
Document type definition to define the syntax.[10][11] The draft expired after six
months, but was notable for its acknowledgment of the NCSA Mosaic browser's custom
tag for embedding in-line images, reflecting the IETF's philosophy of basing
standards on successful prototypes. Similarly, Dave Raggett's competing Internet
Draft, "HTML+ (Hypertext Markup Format)", from late 1993, suggested standardizing
already-implemented features like tables and fill-out forms.[12]

After the HTML and HTML+ drafts expired in early 1994, the IETF created an HTML
Working Group. In 1995, this working group completed "HTML 2.0", the first HTML
specification intended to be treated as a standard against which future
implementations should be based.[13]

Further development under the auspices of the IETF was stalled by competing
interests. Since 1996, the HTML specifications have been maintained, with input
from commercial software vendors, by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C).[14] In
2000, HTML became an international standard (ISO/IEC 15445:2000). HTML 4.01 was
published in late 1999, with further errata published through 2001. In 2004,
development began on HTML5 in the Web Hypertext Application Technology Working
Group (WHATWG), which became a joint deliverable with the W3C in 2008, and was
completed and standardized on 28 October 2014.[15]

HTML version timeline


HTML 2

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