GeoEast V2.

1 Integrated Processing and Interpretation Software System

GeoEast® provides a unified data platform, a unified display platform and a unified development platform. It

supports data sharing, visualized interaction and a collaborative mode for processing and interpretation. With the

flexible, modular and scalable architecture, GeoEast® can be customized to a workstation or a PC-Cluster version

to meet the needs of on-site processing and large processing centers.

GeoEast® 2.1 boasts its improvement in stability, efficiency, and applications which synchronize with the

advanced geophysical software packages in the world. Its applications are not only for land 2D and 3D seismic

data processing, conventional structural interpretation, and 3D volume interpretation, but also for dealing with

complex low S/N land data, resolution improvement, and 3D VSP data processing and interpretation. In addition,

the system provides the basic processing and interpretation flows for the processing of multi-component and

ocean streamer seismic data. The functions of pre-stack reservoir inversion and attribute extraction are now under

development.
GeoEast V2.1 Integrated Processing and Interpretation Software System

Main functions:
Land, VSP, OBC, marine streamer, and multi-component data processing
Structural interpretation, reservoir prediction, and parameter inversion
Integrated processing and interpretation
Open development environment

■ Data processing techniques

Location map of SP and RP Fold map

Geometry attributes

Static corrections

TE2-3s

TE1-2km

Before After

Pre-stack noise attenuation

Pre-stack depth migration

Main control interface Before After

Depth domain velocity field building
Deconvolution

Conventional VTI

Pre-stack time migration Velocity analysis

Velocity field building

Structural model building

A final section of 2D deep-sea data P-wave section C-wave section 3DV of migrated 3D VSP data
■ Data interpretation techniques

Well-tie profile correlation

Data browsing
Horizons and faults
interpretation

3DV integrated analysis

Well track design

Geobody display

Mapping of hydrocarbon detection

Mapping of attributes along horizon

BCI inversion section

LEVEL 1 CAPABILITY
GEOLOGIC | Level 2 Capability
AND GEOPHYSICAL (if applicable)
TECHNOLOGIES

SeisSpace® Software
OVERVIEW KEY VALUE
Delivering large volumes of data quickly and accurately remains the hallmark of any »» Derive greater value from your seismic
seismic processing system. With intuitive analysis tools, state-of-the-art geophysical data investment with a comprehensive
algorithms and an optimized parallel infrastructure, the SeisSpace® Seismic suite of geophysical algorithms
Processing System helps teams get the most out of their seismic data, while
»» Increase productivity and reduce cycle
increasing productivity and reducing project cycle times.
times with our optimized volume-
BENEFITS processing engine

Easy-to-Use »» Better understand the subsurface and

Building, executing, and managing multiple processing flows has never been easier characterize the reservoir with our suite
in a production processing environment. The SeisSpace Navigator provides the of depth imaging tools
professional processor with all the tools required to design, execute and oversee »» Easily develop and integrate new
processing jobs from small validation tests to large processing jobs that task proprietary geophysical algorithms
thousands of compute nodes.
»» Collaborate closely with interpreters
Seismic data, velocities and other tables can be interrogated and displayed at the during the processing sequence by
click of a button. Seismic Compare is a powerful and interactive tool that makes it leveraging SeisSpaceLINK to
easy to compare data from multiple iterations or to aggregate data from multiple create a dynamically connection
sources into a single display that provides the processor with all the information with DecisionSpace®
needed to tackle the most complex geophysical problems.

Figure 1: Stacked data and Gathers in Seismic Compare.

Scales to Hardware
The SeisSpace processing system and parallel trace processing engine is designed
for efficient sorting and processing of data for a variety of geophysical workflows
from noise attenuation to depth imaging. JavaSeis was developed from the ground
up to support parallel execution in large distributed environments. JavaSeis allows
reading and writing to the same dataset simultaneously by independent jobs
enabling SeisSpace users to easily build jobs that scale across multiple nodes
without having to manually split and combine the data. SeisSpace users can easily
recover from job or hardware failures incrementally without having to rewrite entire
datasets. SeisSpace provides graphical tools to interactively visualize the results Figure 2: SeisSpace QC tools that can be used as data
is being written.
while the data is still being processed to confirm the results are as expected long
before the job has completed.

SeisSpace enables the processor to be able focus on the science instead of being
a glorified data manager.
LEVEL 1 CAPABILITY
GEOLOGIC | Level 2 Capability
AND GEOPHYSICAL (if applicable)
TECHNOLOGIES

FEATURES
Data Conditioning
The software includes hundreds of modules for processing goals, such as statics,
flattening, deconvolution, filtering, multiple suppression, AVO, scaling, interpolation,
and velocity analysis.

In addition to the wide array of 2D algorithms such as the radon transform displayed
in Figure 3, the software also provides interactive full-waveform 3D noise-
suppression tools, such as FKK and FXY deconvolution. Interactive visualization Figure 3: Radon Transform
tools are provided to help design complex filters such as the FKK filter that varies by
azimuth, frequency, and surface location. In Figure 4 the left image is a wave number
“k” versus frequency slice along a single azimuth. The right image is an all-azimuth
kx versus ky slice through a specific frequency. These built-for-purpose tools provide
the required visual feedback for designing and applying complex filters.

Processing and Merging Prestack Seismic Surveys

Although 3D seismic data are being acquired in larger volumes than ever before with
wider azimuths and higher fold, the spatial sampling of these volumes is not always
adequate for certain seismic processing sequences. Simultaneous interpolation in
all five seismic data dimensions inline, crossline, offset, azimuth, and frequency has
great utility in predicting missing data with correct amplitude and phase variations as
was shown by Trad in 2009 (figure 5). 5D interpolation is now commonly used in anti- Figure 4: Interactive FKK filter design
aliasing workflows such as suppressing acquisition footprint noise and when combining
multiple vintage prestack seismic surveys. SeisSpace provides the processor with
industry standard algorithms such as Minimum weighted Norm inversion (MWNI)
along with unique graphical tools, such as the QC plot shown in Figure 6 to help design
the interpolation operators.

Figure 5: MWNI, Land gather (Trad, 2009) – Surmount: comparison of a CMP (a) before and (b) after interpola-
tion. Empty traces have been added to the CMP before interpolation to match the traces obtained after inter-
polation. the CMP in (b) was created by using information from many other CMPs not shown in the figure.

Geologically guided data enhancements

Structure tensor technology developed by the Center for Wave Phenomena (CWP) at Figure 6: SeisSpace QC plot showing bins with input traces
the Colorado School of Mines provides sophisticated new techniques for geologically in green and interpolate traces in red.

enhancing images and deriving new structurally constrained attributes. SeisSpace

provides these exciting new structure tensor derived technologies to the processors
while enabling the use of a powerful parallel processing system. Structure tensors
are utilized for numerous workflows such as;

»» Smoothing along structures while preserving discontinuities such as faults

or channels
»» Computing additional structure oriented attributes such as semblance,
azimuth and dip
»» Constraining velocity updates in Migration Velocity Analysis (MVA) or Full
Waveform Inversion (FWI) workflows to provide geological constraints
»» Computing fault tracking which is an attributed utilized by DSG for Automated
Fault Interpretation Figure 7: Structure Tensors overlaid with seismic volume.
LEVEL 1 CAPABILITY
GEOLOGIC | Level 2 Capability
AND GEOPHYSICAL (if applicable)
TECHNOLOGIES

The SeisSpace structure tensor tools are utilized in many diverse workflows and
below are a few of the key applications;

»» Figure 8a shows an example of a stacked seismic volume before and after

applying structure oriented smoothing.
»» Figure 8b shows an example where structure oriented dip has been overlaid
with the seismic.
»» Figure 8c is an example showing how structure tensor information can be used
to constrain a velocity update with some additional geological context. The left Figure 8a
panel shows then unconstrained velocity update while the panel on the right is
the velocity update after tensor based constraint.

Depth Imaging
The Landmark Depth Imaging (LDI) software suite can be added to your SeisSpace
system as an add-on set of tools delivering advanced imaging technology, such
as acoustic and elastic forward modeling, reverse time migration, illumination
and visibility analysis, tomographic velocity updating, poststack demigration / Figure 8b
remigration, and full waveform inversion.

Forward modeling technology now available in LDI was utilized to model the SEG
SEAM Phase I data. According to the SEG, “SEAM Phase I: Challenges of Subsalt
Imaging in Tertiary Basins, with Emphasis on Deepwater Gulf of Mexico” has been
a resounding success!

The SEAM project has taken much effort to generate realistic synthetic data Figure 8c
for a complex salt body typical of the Gulf of Mexico. (Fehler, 2009; Abriel, 2009;
Fehler & Larner, 2008; Bednar et al., 2006) “The model dimensions and data
collection are of realistic size. The combination of model size and data collection
parameters increased the compute by a factor of 52,000x over that of the
1996 SEG Salt model commonly used in the past for subsalt synthetic tests.
(Aminzadeh et al.,1995; Aminzadeh et al.,1996; House et al.,1996)”

Figure 9: SEG SEAM Phase I

Imaging Algorithms
Landmark provides depth imaging algorithms suitable for workflows from
unconventional prospects to complex subsalt deep water targets. SeisSpace
provides industry standards such as Kirchhoff time and depth imaging, one-way wave
equation algorithms and advanced reverse time migration algorithms.

Figure 10: Left image is a standard wave equation migration;

right image is advanced reverse time migration of the
SEAM data.
LEVEL 1 CAPABILITY
GEOLOGIC | Level 2 Capability
AND GEOPHYSICAL (if applicable)
TECHNOLOGIES

The SeisSpace patented nonlinear stack enhancement tool can dramatically improve
the final depth image quality as can be seen in this example from the SEAM project.
Figure 11 is a depth slice from the SEAM model beneath the salt body. The left panel
Figure 11a illustrates that the conventional stack of this poorly illuminated region
suffers from residual noise and continuity of the sediment layers is muddled and hard
to interpret. The right panel Figure 11b shows that applying the 3D nonlinear stack
enhancement approach gives dramatic improvement in the image quality.

Figure 11: Image comparison of Reverse Time Migrated data from the SEAM Classic Dataset - Wide
Azimuth NS Interleaf. The conventional straight stack image (left) with 3D nonlinear stack enhanced
image (right).

Visibility Analysis
Seismic visibility analysis quantitatively estimates the reflection strength for shots
and receivers from a target event. The overall visibility strength illustrates whether Figure 12
the target event is visible or invisible to surface seismic imaging. These insights
are applied to target-oriented imaging workflows and can be used in optimizing
acquisition parameters to ensure sufficient reflections from the target.
»» Visibility analysis provides quantitative information about the data that needs to
be migrated for a target event. It can dramatically shorten the processing cycle
for iterative imaging and model building. In addition, visibility analysis provides
useful insights into the study of poorly imaged targets such as subsalt areas,
and can reduce noise from extraneous data.
»» Visibility analysis helps in optimizing acquisition parameters, such as long-offset
and azimuth coverage for WAZ and other acquisition geometries. It is also helpful
to determine the amount of data that needs to be licensed when just focusing Figure 13: Showing how visibility driven imaging can improve
on a prospect area. imaging of a target.

Velocity Modeling
Developing accurate velocity models for depth imaging still remains one of the
most challenging, time consuming and critical steps in delivering depth images.
Seismic Compare provides the processor with all the necessary capabilities to
create composite views of all the needed data such as stacked seismic volumes,
interval velocity models and the anisotropic properties such as delta, epsilon, eta,
prestack seismic gathers, semblance and residual moveout. In addition to bringing
all these import data types together in an interactive view, Seismic Compare allows
the processor to load multiple iterations of all these data elements and interactively
compare the results from multiple iterations. Figure 14: Seismic Compare used to QC MVA iterations.
LEVEL 1 CAPABILITY
GEOLOGIC | Level 2 Capability
AND GEOPHYSICAL (if applicable)
TECHNOLOGIES

Collaborating with the Asset Team OPERATING SYSTEMS

Processors using SeisSpace software can easily collaborate with interpreters using the
» Linux Red Hat® CentOS 6.4 or higher
DecisionSpace® Geosciences suite, giving asset teams a better understanding of data
amplitudes and structural seismic images while reducing reprocessing bottlenecks.
HARDWARE
» 2 GB Ram/Core, Dual-CPU Intel®
or AMD® Processors

RELATED PRODUCTS
» Landmark Depth Imaging (LDI) Suite
» OpenWorks®
» DecisionSpace® Geosciences Suite

ONSHORE CONVENTIONAL AND

Figure 15 UNCONVENTIONAL MARKETS

Development Kit for Proprietary Algorithms » Utilizing SeisSpace 10, processors can
SeisSpace provides a mature, stable platform for developing proprietary algorithms. produce accurate and timely seismic images
This environment makes it easy for energy companies, contractors, and third parties of everything from low-permeability sands
to develop and maintain differentiating technology. The standard license includes a and naturally-fractured shale, to structurally-
development kit for building and integrating proprietary processing algorithms. As complex, overthrust environments. Processors
shown in Figure 16, geophysical developers can utilize modern tools and technologies can quickly in-fill missing data using 5D interpolation
to develop complex algorithms that can be integrated into the system and run in and 3D regularization along with merging
production alongside SeisSpace algorithms. overlapping 3D surveys onto a common grid.

OFFSHORE AND DEEPWATER MARKETS

» Processors can significantly reduce cycle-time
for very large marine datasets. SeisSpace 10
features industry-leading depth imaging
algorithms (Kirchhoff, WEM, RTM) coupled
with tomographic migration velocity (MVA)
analysis tools deliver the most accurate
representation of complex reservoirs.

Figure 16: Development environment for creating new SeisSpace tools.

Scalable, parallel computing yields highly-efficient

processing constrained only by the compute resources.

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www.landmark.solutions.

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