23/03CMP019

Obeitor Muhammad Ameen

CSC-205 Assignment
1).What's digital ethics and what are some common ethical issues in digital
technology?
Digital ethics is a branch of ethics that focuses on the moral issues and
implications of digital technologies. It involves the responsible use of
technology and how technology affects individuals, society, and the
environment at large. Here are some common ethical issues in digital
technology:
Intellectual Property: Issues related to the ownership and use of digital
content, such as software, music, and videos.
Artificial Intelligence: Ethical concerns about the development and use
of AI, including bias, transparency, and accountability.
Digital Addiction: The impact of excessive use of digital devices and
platforms on mental health and well-being.
Misinformation: The spread of false or misleading information through
digital platforms, affecting public opinion and decision-making.
2) Describe the basic principles of computer networking and it's applications
Computer networking is the practice of connecting computers and other devices
to share resources and information. Here are the basic principles:
Protocols: These are rules and standards that devices use to communicate.
Common protocols include TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet
Protocol), HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol), and FTP (File Transfer
Protocol).
Network Types: Networks can be classified based on their size and scope, such
as Local Area Networks (LANs), Wide Area Networks (WANs), and
Metropolitan Area Networks (MANs).
Network Topologies: The layout or structure of a network, such as star, ring,
bus, and mesh topologies.
IP Addressing: Each device on a network has a unique IP address that
identifies it and allows it to communicate with other devices.
3) List and explain 5 advantages of using computer in healthcare and education
 Healthcare
Electronic Health Records (EHRs)
Telemedicine
Medical Research
Patient Monitoring
Medical Imaging
Electronic Health Records (EHRs): Computers enable the digitization
of patient records, making it easier to store, retrieve, and share medical
information. This improves the accuracy and efficiency of patient care.
Telemedicine: Computers facilitate remote consultations and medical
services, allowing patients to receive care from the comfort of their homes.
This is especially beneficial for those in remote or underserved areas.
Medical Research: Computers aid in the analysis of large datasets,
helping researchers identify trends, develop new treatments, and improve
patient outcomes.
Patient Monitoring: Computers are used in devices that monitor patients'
vital signs in real-time, allowing for timely interventions and continuous
care.
Medical Imaging: Advanced imaging technologies, such as MRI and CT
scans, rely on computers to create detailed images of the body's internal
structures, aiding in accurate diagnosis and treatment planning.

Education
Access to Information
Interactive Learning
Distant Learning
Personalized Learning
Collaboration
Access to Information: Computers provide students and educators with
access to a vast amount of information and resources, including online
libraries, research papers, and educational websites.
Interactive Learning: Educational software and online platforms offer
interactive and engaging learning experiences, helping students understand
complex concepts through simulations, videos, and quizzes.
Distant Learning: Computers enable remote education through online
courses and virtual classrooms, making education accessible to students
regardless of their location.
Personalized Learning: Adaptive learning technologies use computers to
tailor educational content to individual students' needs, helping them learn at
their own pace and improving overall learning outcomes.
Collaboration: Computers facilitate collaboration among students and
teachers through tools
 like email, chat, and collaborative documents, enhancing communication
and teamwork
4)Describe the role of an operating system in a computer system

An operating system (OS) is the backbone of a computer system, managing

both hardware and software resources.it performs functions like resource
management, memory management and the likes

5) Explain the concept of cloud computing and its applications

Cloud computing is a technology that allows users to access and store data
and applications over the internet, rather than on local servers or personal
devices allowing for safe storing of files in secure spaces. There are many
places where this can be applied like in our basic data storage services, big
data analytics etc.
6) Differentiate between application and system software with example
Application software is a software that helps users to perform specific tasks
or activities like media, word processing etc. Whereas system software is a
software that manages and controls the hardware and provides a platform for
running application software.
7) Identify and explain the basic component of a computer system
A computer system is composed of several key components that work together
to perform various tasks. Here are the basic components:
Central Processing Unit (CPU): Often referred to as the "brain" of the
computer, the CPU executes instructions from programs and performs
calculations. It consists of the control unit and the arithmetic logic unit (ALU).
Memory (RAM): Random Access Memory (RAM) is the computer's short-
term memory, used to store data and instructions that are currently being used
or processed. It allows for quick access and retrieval of information.
Storage: This includes both primary storage (like RAM) and secondary storage
(like hard drives and solid-state drives). Secondary storage is used to store data
and programs permanently, even when the computer is turned off.
Motherboard: The main circuit board that houses the CPU, memory, and other
essential components. It provides the connections and pathways for
communication between different parts of the computer.
Input Devices: Devices that allow users to interact with the computer, such as
keyboards, mice, scanners, and microphones.
 Output Devices: Devices that allow the computer to communicate information
to the user, such as monitors, printers, and speakers.
Power Supply Unit (PSU): Converts electrical power from an outlet into a
usable form for the computer's internal components.
Graphics Processing Unit (GPU): A specialized processor designed to handle
graphics rendering and complex calculations, often used in gaming, video
editing, and scientific simulations etc
8). Outline the advantages of using a computer system
Automation
Efficiency and Productivity
Storage and Retrieval
Enables Communication
Problem Solving
Gives room for Flexibility
9) Explain DBMS with it's importance
A Database Management System (DBMS) is software that allows users to
create, manage, and manipulate databases. It provides an interface between
the database and its users or application programs, ensuring that data is
consistently organized and easily accessible.
Importance
Efficient Data Management: DBMS allows for efficient storage,
retrieval, and manipulation of large volumes of data, making it easier to
manage and use information.
Improved Data Sharing: Multiple users can access and share data
simultaneously, promoting collaboration and improving productivity.
Enhanced Data Security: DBMS provides robust security features to
protect sensitive data from unauthorized access and breaches.
10) What are the steps in opening a word document on windows
Start a new document from a blank template or use pre-designed templates.
Set the document title and save with an appropriate file name.
Choose file format: .docx for compatibility or .pdf for sharing.
 Open with MS-Word or any other word processor that is compatible for
editing the file.
11) Define a flowchart
A flowchart is a visual representation of a process or a system that uses
symbols and arrows to illustrate the sequence of steps or actions. It helps in
understanding, analyzing, and communicating how a process works
12)Outline 4 shapes used in flowcharting
Oval: Represents the start or end of a process.
Rectangle: Indicates a process or an action step.
Diamond: Denotes a decision point, where a yes/no question is asked, and
the flow branches based on the answer.
Parallelogram: Used for input or output operations, such as entering data or
displaying results.