STREAM OPERATIONS - I
Java 8+
Quick recap - What are Streams?
A stream is a sequence of data items that are conceptually
produced one at a time.
Source of stream: Collections (List / Set), Arrays, a Generator
Function or I/O resources like Files can be at the source of a
stream.
A stream is a conceptually fixed data structure (you can’t add
or remove elements from it) whose elements are computed on
demand.
A stream cannot modify the underlying source.
Streams make use of internal iterations: the iteration is
abstracted away through operations such as filter, map, and
sorted.
The code is written in a declarative way: you specify what you
want to achieve (that is, filter dishes that are low in calories) as
opposed to specifying how to implement an operation (using
control-flow blocks such as loops and if conditions).
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STREAM OPERATIONS - I
Java 8+
Quick recap - 9 ways to create Streams
1. Empty stream
2. From array
3. From Collection - List & Set
4. Using Stream Builder -- Stream.builder()
5. Using static method of() -- Stream.of()
6. From generator function -- Stream.generate()
7. From static method iterate -- Stream.iterate()
8. Stream of primitive types -- IntStream, LongStream and
DoubleStream
9. By reading a file -- Files.lines()
Watch videos on my channel @CodingWalaShree on creating
streams in 9 ways and filter-map-flatMap with examples:
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STREAM OPERATIONS - I
Java 8+
Types of Stream Operations
There are two types of stream operations: intermediate and
terminal operations.
Intermediate operations such as filter and map return a
stream and can be chained together. They’re used to set up
a pipeline of operations but don’t produce any result.
Terminal operations such as forEach and count return a
non-stream value and process a stream pipeline to return a
result.
The elements of a stream are computed on demand.
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STREAM OPERATIONS - I
Java 8+
Intermediate Operations
filter
sorted
map
distinct
mapToInt
limit
mapToLong
skip
mapToDouble peek
flatMap
flatMapToInt
flatMapToLong
flatMapToDouble
Terminal Operations
forEach toArray
forEachOrdered allMatch
collect anyMatch
reduce noneMatch
max findFirst
min findAny
count
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STREAM OPERATIONS - I
Java 8+
Project setup for Stream operations videos
Model Classes:
1. Employee
2. Department
3. Address
Repository Layer: Service Layer:
1. EmployeeRepository 1. EmployeeService
2. DepartmentRepository 2. DepartmentService
Database: DatabaseProxy class consists of static data
Project Structure:
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STREAM OPERATIONS - I
Java 8+
filter()
An intermediate operation that returns a new stream
consisting of the elements of this stream that match the
given predicate.
Example 1: Get list of employees whose name contains given
sub-string
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STREAM OPERATIONS - I
Java 8+
filter() -- [cntd.]
Example 2: Get list of employees living in given city -
Repository Layer
Example 3: Get list of employees in given department having
salary greater than given salary - Repository Layer
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STREAM OPERATIONS - I
Java 8+
filter() -- [cntd.]
Example 4: Get list of employees having given skill - Repository
Layer
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STREAM OPERATIONS - I
Java 8+
map()
Returns a new stream consisting of the results of applying
the given function to the elements of this stream.
This is an intermediate operation.
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STREAM OPERATIONS - I
Java 8+
map() -- [cntd.]
We additionally have a EmpDeptDto class which represents a
DTO or Data Transfer Object.
DTO is a simple Java class used to transfer data between
different layers of an application.
Example 1: Get employee DTOs having given skill - Service Layer
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STREAM OPERATIONS - I
Java 8+
map() -- [cntd.]
Example 2: Get list of employee DTOs in given department
having salary greater than given salary - Service Layer
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STREAM OPERATIONS - I
Java 8+
flatMap()
An intermediate operation that returns a stream consisting
of the results of replacing each element of this stream with
the contents of a mapped stream produced by applying
the provided mapping function to each element.
What is flattening?: In Java Streams, flattening refers to
the process of converting a nested structure (like a list of
lists) into a single-level structure using flatMap()
When working with collections like List<List<T>>, applying
map() would still return a List<List<T>>, which isn't always
useful. flatMap() helps by merging inner lists into a single
stream of elements.
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STREAM OPERATIONS - I
Java 8+
flatMap() -- [cntd.]
Example 1: Get all skills employees in a given department have -
Service Layer
Examples in this presentation are
covered in my YouTube Video on
Stream API Part 3🚀
Note: As I cover more Stream operations in upcoming videos on
CodingWalaShree, I’ll update this presentation and share it on
LinkedIn — so stay tuned! 🚀
To be continued. . .
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