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Elementary Data Link protocols

Elementary Data Link protocols are categorized into three types: Unrestricted Simplex Protocol, Simplex Stop and Wait Protocol, and Simplex Protocol for Noisy Channels. The Unrestricted Simplex Protocol allows one-way data transmission without errors, while the Simplex Stop and Wait Protocol requires the sender to wait for an acknowledgment after each frame. The Simplex Protocol for Noisy Channels accounts for potential errors and requires retransmission of frames if acknowledgments are not received within a specified time.

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Chandrika Chandu
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3 views

Elementary Data Link protocols

Elementary Data Link protocols are categorized into three types: Unrestricted Simplex Protocol, Simplex Stop and Wait Protocol, and Simplex Protocol for Noisy Channels. The Unrestricted Simplex Protocol allows one-way data transmission without errors, while the Simplex Stop and Wait Protocol requires the sender to wait for an acknowledgment after each frame. The Simplex Protocol for Noisy Channels accounts for potential errors and requires retransmission of frames if acknowledgments are not received within a specified time.

Uploaded by

Chandrika Chandu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Elementary Data Link protocols

Elementary Data Link protocols are classified into three


categories, as given below −

 Protocol 1 − Unrestricted simplex protocol


 Protocol 2 − Simplex stop and wait protocol
 Protocol 3 − Simplex protocol for noisy channels.

Let us discuss each protocol one by one.

Unrestricted Simplex Protocol

Data transmitting is carried out in one direction only. The


transmission (Tx) and receiving (Rx) are always ready and the
processing time can be ignored. In this protocol, infinite buffer
space is available, and no errors are occurring that is no
damage frames and no lost frames.

The Unrestricted Simplex Protocol is diagrammatically


represented as follows −

Simplex Stop and Wait protocol


In this protocol we assume that data is transmitted in one
direction only. No error occurs; the receiver can only process
the received information at finite rate. These assumptions
imply that the transmitter cannot send frames at rate faster
than the receiver can process them.

The main problem here is how to prevent the sender from


flooding the receiver. The general solution for this problem is to
have the receiver send some sort of feedback to sender, the
process is as follows −

Step1 − The receiver send the acknowledgement frame back


to the sender telling the sender that the last received frame
has been processed and passed to the host.
Step 2 − Permission to send the next frame is granted.
Step 3 − The sender after sending the sent frame has to wait
for an acknowledge frame from the receiver before sending
another frame.

This protocol is called Simplex Stop and wait protocol, the


sender sends one frame and waits for feedback from the
receiver. When the ACK arrives, the sender sends the next
frame.

The Simplex Stop and Wait Protocol is diagrammatically


represented as follows −

Simplex Protocol for Noisy Channel


Data transfer is only in one direction, consider separate sender
and receiver, finite processing capacity and speed at the
receiver, since it is a noisy channel, errors in data frames or
acknowledgement frames are expected. Every frame has a
unique sequence number.

After a frame has been transmitted, the timer is started for a


finite time. Before the timer expires, if the acknowledgement is
not received , the frame gets retransmitted, when the
acknowledgement gets corrupted or sent data frames gets
damaged, how long the sender should wait to transmit the next
frame is infinite.

The Simplex Protocol for Noisy Channel is diagrammatically


represented as follows –

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