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Concep of Dynamic Systems of Math Modelling

Dynamic systems are mathematical models that describe variable changes over time, applicable in fields like physics, biology, and economics. They can be classified into linear and nonlinear systems, with concepts of equilibrium points and stability being crucial for understanding their behavior. Ordinary differential equations (ODEs) are commonly used to model these systems, with various numerical methods available for solving them, leading to insights in areas such as population dynamics and biochemical reactions.

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5 views3 pages

Concep of Dynamic Systems of Math Modelling

Dynamic systems are mathematical models that describe variable changes over time, applicable in fields like physics, biology, and economics. They can be classified into linear and nonlinear systems, with concepts of equilibrium points and stability being crucial for understanding their behavior. Ordinary differential equations (ODEs) are commonly used to model these systems, with various numerical methods available for solving them, leading to insights in areas such as population dynamics and biochemical reactions.

Uploaded by

ADENIYI
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to Dynamic Systems

Dynamic systems are mathematical models that describe how variables change over
time. They are used to study complex phenomena in various fields such as physics,
biology, and economics.

Mathematical Modelling Basics


Mathematical modelling is the process of using mathematical equations to represent
real-world phenomena. It involves identifying relevant variables, formulating
equations, and solving them to gain insights into the system under study.

Types of Dynamic Systems


Dynamic systems can be classified into different types based on their behavior and
complexity. Some common types include linear systems, nonlinear systems,
deterministic systems, and stochastic systems.

linear vs nonlinear system


Linear Systems
Linear systems have a proportional relationship between inputs and outputs, meaning
that a change in input results in a proportional change in output.

Nonlinear Systems
Nonlinear systems have a more complex relationship between inputs and outputs, and
can exhibit behaviors such as chaos and bifurcation.

Equilibrium Points and Stability

Equilibrium Points
Equilibrium points are states where the system remains unchanged over time.
Stability
Stability refers to the tendency of a system to return to its equilibrium state
after perturbations.
Types of Stability
Stable: A system is stable if it returns to its equilibrium state after small
perturbations.
Unstable: A system is unstable if it does not return to its equilibrium state after
small perturbations.
Asymptotically Stable: A system is asymptotically stable if it not only returns to
its equilibrium state after small perturbations, but also converges to it over
time.

Phase space and trajectories


Phase Space
Phase space is a mathematical space that represents all possible states of a
dynamic system.

Trajectories
Trajectories in phase space describe the paths that the system takes over time.

System Behavior
Trajectories can reveal important information about the behavior of the dynamic
system.
time evolution and differetial equations
Dynamic systems are often described using differential equations. These equations
relate the rate of change of variables to their current values. Solving these
equations allows us to understand how the system evolves over time.

TABLE TO WEITE OUT

Modeling with Ordinary Differential Equations

Introduction to Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs)


Ordinary differential equations (ODEs) are a type of differential equation that
involve only one independent variable. They are commonly used to model dynamic
systems.
ODEs can be solved analytically or numerically. Analytical solutions involve
finding a formula that represents the exact solution to the differential equation.
Numerical solutions involve using computational methods to approximate the
solution.

Numerical Methods for Solving Differential Equations

Euler's Method
Euler's method is a simple numerical method for solving ordinary differential
equations. It approximates the solution by taking small steps along the tangent
line at each point.

Runge-Kutta Methods
Runge-Kutta methods are a family of numerical methods for solving ordinary
differential equations. They provide higher accuracy than Euler's method by using
multiple intermediate steps.

Finite Difference Methods


Finite difference methods are numerical methods for solving differential equations
by approximating derivatives using finite differences. They are commonly used for
partial differential equations.

Applications of Dynamic Systems in Physics


Dynamic systems are widely used in physics to model physical phenomena such as
motion, oscillations, and electromagnetic fields. They provide valuable insights
into the behavior of complex physical systems.

Application of Dynamic Systems in Biology

Population Dynamics
Dynamic systems are used to model and understand population dynamics in biology.
They help us analyze how populations change over time, including factors such as
birth rates, death rates, and migration patterns.

Biochemical Reactions
Dynamic systems are also used to model and understand biochemical reactions in
biology. They help us analyze the complex interactions between molecules, enzymes,
and other components involved in biological processes.

Conclusion and Future Directions


Dynamic systems provide a powerful framework for studying complex phenomena in
various fields.
As technology and computational methods advance, the application of dynamic systems
in math modelling is expected to grow.

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