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The document is a mathematics test for 10th-grade students, consisting of 30 questions covering topics such as HCF, LCM, prime numbers, and rational/irrational numbers. Each question includes multiple-choice answers along with solutions explaining the reasoning behind the correct answer. The test aims to assess students' understanding of mathematical concepts and their ability to solve problems.

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IBRAIN

BUILDS YOUR CONFIDIENCE

Test / Exam Name: Ch 1 Standard: 10th Subject: Mathematics

Student Name: Section: Roll No.:
Questions: 304 Time: 03:00 hh:mm Marks: 635

Q1. The HCF and the LCM of 12, 21, 15 respectively are: 1 Mark
A 3, 140 B 12, 420 C 3, 420 D 420, 3
Ans: C 3, 420
Solution:
12 = 2 × 2 × 3
21 = 3 × 7
15 = 5 × 3
HCF = 3
L.C.M = 2 × 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 = 420
Q2. The total number of factors of a prime number is: 1 Mark
A 1 B 0 C 2 D 3
Ans: C 2
Solution:
Total number of factors of a prime number is 2.
Q3. The HCF of 135 and 225 is: 1 Mark
A 15 B 75 C 45 D 5
Ans: C 45
Solution:
135 = 5 × 33
225 = 52 × 32
H.C.F (135, 225) = 5 × 33
= 45
Q4. The exponent of 2 in the prime factorization of 144, is: 1 Mark

A 2 B 4 C 1 D 6
Ans: B 4
Solution:
144 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3
= 2 4 × 32
=
4
Q5. The sum of exponents of prime factors in the prime-factorisation of 196 is: 1 Mark
A 3 B 4 C 5 D 2
Ans: B 4
Solution:
196 = 2 × 2 × 7 × 7
= 22 × 7 7
= 2 + 2 (exponent is the power of a number)
=4
Q6. 3 + 2√5 is a/ an: 1 Mark

A irrational number B rational number C integer D natural Number

Ans: A irrational number
Solution:
Here, 3 is rational and 2√5 is irrational.
We know that the sum of a rational and an irrational is an irrational number, therefore, 3 + 2√5 is irrational.
Q7. The decimal expansion of 987

10500
will terminate after: 1 Mark

A 1 decimal place B 3 decimal places C None of these D 2 decimal places

Ans: D 2 decimal places
Solution:
987 47 47
= =
10500 500 2 3
2 ×5

Here, in the denominator of the given fraction the highest power of prime factor 5 is 3, therefore, the decimal expansion of the
rational number will terminate after 3 decimal places.
47

2 3
2 ×5

Q8. H.C.F. of 26 and 91 is: 1 Mark

A 13 B 2366 C 91 D 182
Ans: A 13
Solution:
Prime factors of 26 = 2 × 13
Prime factors of 91 = 7 × 13
As 13 is the only common factor.
Therefore, = HCF(26, 91) = 13
Q9. Which of the following is a rational number? 1 Mark

A √10 B √9 C √15 D √12

Ans: B √9

solution:
2
√9 is an irrational number but because √9 = √3 = 3 and 3 is a rational

Q10. The LCM of two consecutive numbers is: 1 Mark

A Their difference B 0 C Their sum D Their product

Ans: D Their product
Solution:
The LCM of two consecutive numbers is their product always.
For example the LCM of 24, 25 is equal to 24 × 25 = 600
Q11. The smallest number by which √27 should be multiplied so as to get a rational number is: 1 Mark
A √27 B 3√3 C √3 D 3

Ans: C √3

Solution:
√27 = √3 × 3 × 3

= 3√3

Out of the given choices √3 is the only smallest number by which if we multiply √27 we get a rational number.
Hence, the correct choice is (c).
Q12. The LCM of x and 18 is 36. The HCF of x and 18 is 2. What is the number x? 1 Mark

A 2 B 1 C 4 D 3
Ans: C 4
Solution:
We know that LCM × HCF = First number × Second number
HCF (x, 18) × LCM (x, 18) = x × 18
2 × 36 = x × 18
Q13. ________ is neither prime nor composite. 1 Mark

A 4 B 3 C 1 D 2
Ans: C 1
Solution:
1 is neither prime nor composite.
A prime is a natural number greater than 1 that has no positive divisors other than 1 and itself
Q14. A rational number can be expressed as a terminating decimal if the denominator has the factors: 1 Mark
A 2 only B 2 or 5 only C 2 or 3 only D 2, 3 or 5 only
Ans: B 2 or 5 only
Solution:
A rational number can be expressed as a terminating decimal if the denominator has the factors 2 or 5 or both. Any other factors
in the denominator yield a non-terminating decimal expansion.
Q15. The multiplicative inverse of zero 1 Mark

A 1 B does not exist C 0 D 10

Ans: B does not exist
Solution:
All numbers except zero have a multiplicative inverse because we cannot multiply any number by it to get 1.
Q16. Choose the correct answer from the given four options in the following questions: 1 Mark
For some integer m, every even integer is of the form:
A m. B m + 1. C 2m. D 2m + 1.
Ans: C 2m.
We know that, even integers are 2, 4, 6, ...
So, it can be written in the form of 2m.
where, m = Integer = Z [since, integer is represented by Z]
or m = ···, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, ...
∴ 2m = ···, -2, 0, 2, 4, 6, ...

Alternate Answer
Let 'a' be a positive integer. On dividing 'a' by 2, let m be the quotient and be the remainder. Then, by Euclid's divlslon algonthm,
we have
a = 2m + r, where
a ≤ r < 2 i.e.,

r = 0 and r = 1.
⇒ a = 2m or a = 2m + 1
when, a = 2m for some integer m, then clearly a is even.
Q17. The product of three consecutive positive integers is divisible by 1 Mark

A 6 B 4 C 5 D 10
Ans: A 6
Solution:
Let n be a positive integer,
then three consecutive positive integers are (n + 1)(n + 2)(n + 3) = n(n + 1)(n + 2) +3 (n + 1)(n + 2)
Here, the first term is divisible by 6 and the second term is also divisible by 6
Because it contains a factor 3 and one of the two consecutive integers (n + 1) or (n + 2) is even and thus is divisible by 2.
∴, the sum of multiple of 6 is also a multiple of 6.

Q18. If p1 and p2 are two odd prime numbers such that p1 > p2, then p − p is:
2
1
2
2
1 Mark
A An even number. B An odd number. C An odd prime number. D A prime number.
Ans: A An even number.
Solution:
Let the two odd prime numbers p1 and p2 be 5 and 3.
Then,
2 2
p = 5
1

= 25

And
2 2
p = 3
2

= 9

Thus,
2 2
p − p = 25 − 9
1 2

= 16

16 is even number.
Take another example, with p1 and p2 be 11 and 7.
Then,
2 2
p = 11
1

= 121

And
2 2
p = 7
2

= 49

Thus,
2 2
p − p = 121 − 49
1 2

= 72

72 is even number.
Thus, we can say that p − p is even number
2
1
2
2

In general the square of odd prime number is odd. Hence the difference of square of two prime numbers is odd
Hence the correct choice is (a).
Q19. If the sum of LCM and HCF of two numbers is 1260 and their LCM is 900 more than their HCF, then the product of two numbers 1 Mark
is:
A 203400 B 194400 C 198400 D 205400
Ans: B 194400
Solution:
Given that sum of LCM and HCF = 1260
LCM + HCF = 1260 .....(1)
Let two numbers be a and b and HCF (a, b) = x
According to question:
Put value of HCF and LCM in equation (1)
? 900 + x + x = 1260
? 2x = 1260 - 900
? 2x = 360
360
⇒ x =
2

? x = 180 ......(2)
Now, LCM × HCF = Product of two numbers
Product of two number = (x + 900)(x)
= (180 + 900)(180)
= 1080 × 180
= 194400
Q20. The LCM and HCF of two rational numbers are equal, then the numbers must be: 1 Mark
A Prime. B Co-prime. C Composite. D Equal.
Ans: D Equal.
Solution:
LCM and HCF of two rational numbers are equal. Then those must be equal.
Q21. πis 1 Mark

A an irrational number B a rational number C an integer D a natural number

Ans: A an irrational number
Solution:
The value of p = 3.141592653589……….
∴ Value of π is not-repeating decimal number

Therefore, p is an irrational number.

p
Q22. Let x = be a rational number, such that the prime factorization of q is of the form 2n5m, where n,m are non-negative
q
1 Mark
integers. Then x has a decimal expansion which terminates:
A True B False C Neither D Either
Ans: A True
Solution:
The form of q is 2n * 5m
q can be 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 40....
Any integer divided by these numbers will always give a terminating decimal number.
Q23. If HCF (72, 120) = 24, then LCM (72, 120) is 1 Mark
A 240 B 360 C 1728 D 2880
Ans: B 360
Solution:
Using the result, HCF × LCM = product of two natural numbers
72×120
⇒ LCM(72, 120) = = 360
24

Q24. If a = (22 × 33 × 54) and b = (23 × 32 × 5), then HCF (a, b) = ? 1 Mark
A 90 B 180 C 360 D 540
Ans: B 180
Solution:
a = 2 2 × 33 × 54
b = 23 × 3 2 × 5
HCF(a, b) = 22 × 32 × 5 = 180
Q25. If the HCF of 65 and 117 is expressible in the form 65m - 117, then the value of m is: 1 Mark
A 4 B 2 C 1 D 3
Ans: B 2
Solution:
Use Euclid's algorithm to find the HCF of 65 and 117.
By Euclid's algorithm,
b = aq + r, 0 = r < a
? 117 = 65 × 1 + 32
? 65 = 52 × 1 + 13
? 52 = 13 × 4 + 0
∴ HCF (65, 117) = 13

It is given that HCF (65, 117) = 65m - 117.

? 65m - 117 = 13
? 65m = 130
?m=2
Hence, the correct option is option B.
Q26. 3.27 is:
¯
¯¯¯
¯¯
1 Mark

A An integer. B A rational number. C A natural number. D An irrational number.

Ans: B A rational number.
Solution:
is a rational number.
¯
¯¯¯
¯¯
3.27

Q27. If two numbers do not have common factor (other than 1), then they are called 1 Mark

A composite numbers B prime numbers C twin primes D co-prime numbers

Ans: D co-prime numbers
Solution:
If two numbers do not have a common factor (other than 1), then they are called co-primer numbers. We know that two
numbers are co-prime if their common factor (greatest common divisor) is 1. e.g. co-prime of 12 are 11, 13.
Q28. (2 + √2) is: 1 Mark

A An integer. B A rational number. C An irrational number. D None of these.

Ans: C An irrational number.
Solution:
An irrational number is a number that is non-terminating and non-repeating.
Now, 2 is a rational number and √2 is an irrational number.
Sum of a rational number and an irrational number is irrational.
Hence, (2 + √2) is an irrational number.
Q29. The difference between two distinct irrational numbers is always 1 Mark

A both rational and irrational number B a rational number

C none of these D an irrational number
Ans: A both rational and irrational number
Solution:
The difference between two distinct irrational numbers can be either a rational number or an irrational number.
e.g difference between pi and (π - 3) is equal to 3 which is rational
√2 and√2 + 1 both are irrational but their difference is 1 which is rational

similarly, √2 and√3 are irrational and their differnce(√3 − √2) is also irrational

Q30. The decimal expansion of the number will terminate after: 1 Mark
14753

1250

A One decimal place. B Two decimal places. C Three decimal places. D Four decimal places.
Ans: D Four decimal places.
Solution:
The prime factorisation of the denominator is 2 × 52
Since 4 > 1,
The decimal expansion will terminate after 4 decimal places.
Q31. LCM of (23 × 3 × 5) and (24 × 5 × 7) is: 1 Mark
A 40 B 560 C 1120 D 1680
Ans: D 1680
Solution:
(23 × 3 × 5) and (24 × 5 × 7)
LCM = 24 × 3 × 5 × 7 = 1680
Q32. If the HCF of 65 and 117 is expressible in the form 65m – 117, then the value of m is: 1 Mark
A 4. B 2. C 1. D 3.
Ans: B 2.
Solution:
By Euclid's division algorithm,
b = aq + r, 0 ≤ r < a [∵ dividend = divisor × quotient + remainder]

? 117 = 65 × 1 + 52
? 65 = 52 × 1 + 13
∴ HCF (65, 117) = 13 .....(i)

Also, given that, HCF (65, 117) = 65m - 117 .....(ii)

From Eqs. (i) and (ii),
65m - 117=13
65m = 130
m = 2.
Q33. The LCM of two numbers is 1200. Which of the following cannot be their HCF? 1 Mark
A 600 B 500 C 400 D 200
Ans: B 500
Solution:
LCM of two number = 1200
Their HCF of these two numbers will be the factor of 1200
500 cannot be its HCF.
Q34. Directions: In the following questions, the Assertions (A) and Reason(s) (R) have been put forward. Read both the statements 1 Mark
carefully and choose the correct alternative from the following:
Assertion: n2 + n is divisible by 2 for every positive integer n.
Reason: If x and y are odd positive integers, from x2 + y2 is divisible by 4.
A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is B Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is
the correct explanation of assertion (A). not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
C Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false. D Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Ans: A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
Q35. If p is a prime number, then √p is 1 Mark

A Irrational B Prime number C Rational D Integer

Ans: A Irrational
Solution:
√p is an irrational number because the square root of every prime number is an irrational number. (for example √3 is an
irrational number)
Q36. The product of two numbers is 1600 and their HCF is 5. The LCM of the numbers is: 1 Mark
A 8000 B 1600 C 320 D 1605
Ans: C 320
Solution:
Let the two n umbers be a and b.
HCF × LCM = ab
? 5 × LCM = 1600
? LCM = 320
Q37. If a is rational and √b is irrational ,than a +√b is: 1 Mark

A an integer B a natural number C a rational number D an irrational number

Ans: D an irrational number
Solution:
let a be rational and √b is irrational.
If possible let a + √b be rational .
then a + √b is rational and a is rational.
⇒ [(a + √b) − a] is rational [Difference of two rationals is rationals]
⇒ √b is rational.
This contradicts the fact that √b is irrational.
The contradication arises by assuming that a + √b is rational.
Therefore, a + √b is irrational .
Q38. All non-terminating and non-recurring decimal numbers are 1 Mark

A rational numbers B natural numbers C integers D irrational numbers

Ans: D irrational numbers
Solution:
All non-terminating and non-recurring decimal numbers are irrational numbers. A number is rational if and only if its decimal
representation is repeating or terminating.
Q39. The HCF and LCM of two numbers are 9 and 459 respectively. If one of the 1 Mark
number is 27, then the other number is

A 135 B 150 C 459 D 153

Ans: D 153
Solution:
Using the result,
HCF × LCM = product of two natural numbers
⇒ the other number =
9×459
= 153
27

Q40. Which of the following is an irrational number? 1 Mark

A B C D
22 ¯¯
¯¯¯
¯¯¯
¯¯¯
3.1416 3.1416 3.141141114...
7

Ans: D 3.141141114...

Solution:
An irrational number is a number that is non-terminating and non-repeating.
Option (a) is a rational number, while option (c) is a repeating decimal number, and so are rational numbers. Option (d) is an
irrational number.
Q41. Choose the correct answer from the given four options in the following questions: 1 Mark
The largest number which divides 70 and 125, leaving remainders 5 and 8, respectively, is:
A 13. B 65. C 875. D 1750.
Ans: A 13.
Since, 5 and 8 are the remainders of 70 and 125, respectively. Thus, after subtracting these remainders from the numbers, we
have the numbers 65 = (70 - 5), 117 = (125 - 8), which is divisible by the required number.
Now, required number = HCF of 65, 117 [for the largest number]
117 = 65 × 1 + 52 [∵ dividend = divisor × quotient + remainder]
65 = 52 × 1 + 13
52 = 13 × 4 + 0
∴ HCF = 13

Hence, 13 is the largest number which divides 70 and 125, leaving remainders 5 and 8.
Q42. Every positive odd integer is of the form ________ where ‘q’ is some integer. 1 Mark
A 2q+1 B 5q+1 C 2q+2 D 3q+1
Ans: A 2q+1
Solution:
Let a be any positive integer and b = 2
Then by applying Euclid’s Division Lemma,
we have, a = 2q + r,
where 0 ≤ r < 2
? r = 0 or 1
∴ a 2q or 2q + 1.

Therefore, it is clear that a = 2q

i.e., a is an even integer.
Also, 2q and 2q + 1 are consecutive integers, therefore, ??????2q + 1? is an odd integer.
Q43. On dividing a positive integer n by 9, we get 7 as remainder. What will be the remainder if (3n - 1) is divided by 9? 1 Mark
A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4
Ans: B 2
Solution:
On dividing n by 9 the remainder is 7
? n = 9q + 7, where q is the quotient
? 3n = 3(9q + 7)
? 3n = 27q + 21
? 3n - 1 = 27q + 21 - 1
? 3n - 1 = 27q + 20
? 3n - 1 = 27q + 18 + 2
? 3n - 1 = 9(3q + 2) + 2
So, the remainder will be 2
Q44. Choose the correct answer from the given four options in the following questions: 1 Mark
For some integer q, every odd integer is of the form:
A q. B q + 1. C 2q. D 2q + 1.
Ans: D 2q + 1.
We know that, odd integers are 1, 3, 5, ...
So, it can be written in the form of 2q + 1.
where, q = integer = Z
or q = ···, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, ...
∴ 2q + 1 = ... -3, -1, 1, 3, 5,

Alternate Answer
Let 'a' be given positive integer. On dividing 'a' by 2, let q be the quotient and r be the remainder. Then, by Euclid's division
algorithm, we have
a = 2q + r, where
0 ≤ r < 2

⇒ a = 2q + r, where r = 0 or r = 1
⇒ a = 2q or 2q + 1
when a= 2q + 1 for some integerq, then clearly a is odd.
Q45. The number of possible pairs of number, whose product is 5400 and the HCF is 30 is: 1 Mark
A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4
Ans: B 2
Solution:
Given that product of the number is 5400 = 30 × 3 × 2 × 30.
∴ Possible pairs as per the requirment are (1) 30 × (3 × 2 × 30) = 30 × 180

(2) (30 ×3) × (2 × 30) = 90 × 60

∴ Total number of pairs = 2
Q46. If LCM (26, 91) = 182, then HCF (26, 91) = 1 Mark

A 13 B 17 C 19 D 11
Ans: A 13
Solution:
Using the result, HCF × LCM = product of two natural numbers
26×91
⇒ HCF(26, 91) = = 13
182

Q47. The LCM of 23 × 32 and 22 × 33 1 Mark

A 22 × 3 B 2 × 32 C 22 × 3 2 D 23 × 3 3
Ans: B 2 × 32
Solution:
L.C.M. of 23 × 32 and 22 × 33 is the product of all prime numbers with the greatest
power of every given number, hence it will be 23 × 33
Q48. Every positive even integer is of the form ________ for some integer ‘q’. 1 Mark
A 2q + 1 B 2q C 2q - 1 D None of these
Ans: B 2q
Solution:
Let a be any positive integer and b = 2
Then by applying Euclid’s Division Lemma, we have,
a = 2q + r where 0 ≤ r < 2 r = 0 r1
Therefore, a = 2q or 2q + 1
Thus, it is clear that a = 2q
i.e., a is an even integer in the form of 2q
Q49. The LCM of two numbers is 14 times their HCF. The sum of LCM and HCF is 600. If one number is 280, then the other number is 1 Mark

A 100 B 150 C 120 D 80

Ans: D 80
Solution:
Given: LCM = 14 × HCF
and LCM + HCF = 600 ...(i)
Putting LCM = 14 × HCF in eq. (i),
14 × HCF + HCF = 600
? 15 × HCF = 600
? HCF = 40
And LCM = 14 × 40 = 560
∴ Using the result,

HCF × LCM = Product of two natural numbers Other number

40×560
= = 80
280

Q50. What is the largest number that divides 245 and 1029, leaving remainder 5 in each case? 1 Mark
A 15 B 16 C 9 D 5
Ans: B 16
Solution:
245 and 1029 are divided by the largest number leaving remainders 5 in each case.
245 - 5 = 240
1029 - 5 = 1024
So, 240 and 1024 are exactly divisible by the required number.
Thus, the required number is the HCF of 240 and 1024
HCF(240, 1024) = 16
Q51. The HCF of two numbers is 27 and their LCM is 162. If one of the numbers is 54, what is the other number? 1 Mark
A 36 B 45 C 9 D 81
Ans: D 81
Solution:
Let the two n umbers be a and b.
HCF × LCM = ab
? 27 × 162 = 54 × b
? b = 81
Q52. The relationship between HCF and LCM of two natural numbers is 1 Mark

A HCF × LCM = a - b B HCF × LCM = a × b C HCF × LCM = a + b D None of these

Ans: B HCF × LCM = a × b
Solution:
The product of HCF and LCM of two natural numbers is equal to the product of these numbers
HCF (a, b) × LCM (a, b) = Product of two natural numbers (a × b)
Q53. The number 1.732 is: 1 Mark
A An irrational number. B A rational number. C An integer. D A whole number.
Ans: B A rational number.
Solution:
Since the number is a terminating decimal number, it is a rational number.
Q54. The least number that is divisible by all the numbers from 1 to 10 (both inclusive) is: 1 Mark
A 10 B 100 C 504 D 2520
Ans: D 2520
Solution:
Factors of 1 to 10 numbers
1=1
2=1×2
3=1×3
4=1×2×2
5=1×5
6=1×2×3
7=1×7
8=1×2×2×2
9=1×3×3
10 = 1 × 2 × 5
LCM of number 1 to 10 = LCM (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
= 1 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 5 × 7 = 2520
Q55. If two positive integers tn and n arc expressible in the form m = pq3 and n = p3q2, where p, q are prime numbers, then HCF (m, n) 1 Mark
=
A pq B pq2 C p 3q 3 D p 2q 3
Ans: B pq2
Solution:
m and n are two positive integers and m = pq3 and n = pq2, where p and q are prime numbers, then HCF = pq2.
Q56. The largest number of 4 digits exactly divisible by 12, 15, 18 and 27 is: 1 Mark

A 9720 B 9999 C 9270 D 1000

Ans: A 9720
Solution:
LCM (12, 15, 18, 27) = 540
Now, largest four digit number = 9999
∴ 9999 ÷ 540 = 18 × 540 + 279 (Remainder = 279)

Therefore, the largest number of 4 digits exactly divisible by 12, 15, 18 and 27 is 9999 – 279 = 9720
Q57. If 9x + 2 = 240 + 9x, then the value of x is: 1 Mark

A 0.3 B 0.2 C 0.1 D 0.5

Ans: D 0.5
Solution:
x+2
9 = 240 + 9x
x 2
⇒ 9 .9 = 240 + 9x
x
⇒ 9 (81 − 1) = 240
x
⇒ 9 = 3
x 1
⇒ 9 = 9
2
1
⇒ x = = 0.5
2

Q58. What is the least number that divisible by all the natural numbers from 1 to 10 (both inclusive)? 1 Mark
A 100 B 1260 C 2520 D 5040
Ans: B 1260
Solution:
To find the least number divisible by all the natural numbers is the LCM of the numbers from 1 to 10
Find the prime factorization of each of the numbers to find the LCM.
1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 4 = 22, 6 = 2 × 3, 8 = 23, 9 = 32, 10 = 2 × 5
LCM = 23 × 32 × 5 × 7 = 2520
Q59. If two positive integers ‘a’ and ‘b’ are written as a=pq2 and b=p3q2, where ‘p’ and ‘q’ are prime numbers, then LCM(a, b) = 1 Mark

A p 3q 2 B pq C p 2q 3 D p 2q 2
Ans: A p3q2
Solution:
We know that LCM = product of the highest powers of all the prime factors of the numbers pq2, p3q2
LCM = p3q2
Q60. Choose the correct answer from the given four options in the following questions: 1 Mark
The least number that is divisible by all the numbers from 1 to 10 (both inclusive) is:
A 10. B 100. C 504. D 2520.
Ans: D 2520.
Factors of 1 to 10 numbers,
1=1
2=1×2
3=1×3
4=1×2×2
5=1×5
6=1×2×3
7=1×7
8=1×2×2×2
9=1×3×3
10 = 1 × 2 × 5
∴ LCM of number 1 to 10 = LCM (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)

= 1 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 5 × 7 = 2520
Q61. Directions: In the following questions, the Assertions (A) and Reason(s) (R) have been put forward. Read both the statements 1 Mark
carefully and choose the correct alternative from the following:
Assertion: Every positive odd integer is of the form 2q + 1.
Reason: By EUCLID’S algorithm a = 2q + R for some positive integers q if r = 1, a is odd.a
A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is B Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is
the correct explanation of assertion (A). not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
C Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false. D Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Ans: A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
Q62. Directions: In the following questions, the Assertions (A) and Reason(s) (R) have been put forward. Read both the statements 1 Mark
carefully and choose the correct alternative from the following:
Assertion: If we add zero to no. or multiply by 1 the no. will remain unchanged is known as identity property.
Reason: 5 + 0 = 5 is a identity property.
A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is B Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is
the correct explanation of assertion (A). not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
C Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false. D Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Ans: A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
Q63. Directions: In the following questions, the Assertions (A) and Reason(s) (R) have been put forward. Read both the statements 1 Mark
carefully and choose the correct alternative from the following:
Assertion: √8 is irrational number.
p
Reason: √8 can not be expressed in the form of q
.

Reason: 17

3
is a rational number.

7
is non terminating and repeating.
Reason: 22

7
= 3.1428.

A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is B Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is
the correct explanation of assertion (A). not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
C Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false. D Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Ans: A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
Q74. Directions: In the following questions, the Assertions (A) and Reason(s) (R) have been put forward. Read both the statements 1 Mark
carefully and choose the correct alternative from the following:
Assertion: HCF of two no. is product of no. ÷ their LCM.
Reason: Product of HCF and LCM of two no. is equal to product of two number.
A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is B Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is
the correct explanation of assertion (A). not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
C Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false. D Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Ans: A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
Q75. Directions: In the following questions, the Assertions (A) and Reason(s) (R) have been put forward. Read both the statements 1 Mark
carefully and choose the correct alternative from the following:
Assertion: The no. that can be written in the form of a + bi is known as complex no.
Reason: 6 + 7i is a complex no.
A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is B Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is
the correct explanation of assertion (A). not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
C Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false. D Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Ans: A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
Q76. Directions: In the following questions, the Assertions (A) and Reason(s) (R) have been put forward. Read both the statements 1 Mark
carefully and choose the correct alternative from the following:
Assertion: The largest no. that will divisible 398, 436, and 542 leaving remainder 7, 11, 15 is 17.
Reason: HCF of 391, 425, 527, is 17.
A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is B Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is
the correct explanation of assertion (A). not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
C Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false. D Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Ans: A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
Q77. Directions: In the following questions, the Assertions (A) and Reason(s) (R) have been put forward. Read both the statements 1 Mark
carefully and choose the correct alternative from the following:
Assertion: HCF of 17, 34 is 17.
Reason: HCF of two or more no. maybe one of the number.
A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is B Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is
the correct explanation of assertion (A). not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
C Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false. D Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Ans: A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
Q78. Directions: In the following questions, the Assertions (A) and Reason(s) (R) have been put forward. Read both the statements 1 Mark
carefully and choose the correct alternative from the following:
Assertion: HCF of two consecutive even no. is 2.
Reason: HCF of 22 & 24 is 2.
A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is B Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is
the correct explanation of assertion (A). not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
C Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false. D Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Ans: A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
Q79. Directions: In the following questions, the Assertions (A) and Reason(s) (R) have been put forward. Read both the statements 1 Mark
carefully and choose the correct alternative from the following:
Assertion: Multiplicative inverse of any real no. is 1.
Reason: The multiplicative inverse of 3 is 1.
A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is B Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is
the correct explanation of assertion (A). not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
C Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false. D Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Ans: A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
Q80. Directions: In the following questions, the Assertions (A) and Reason(s) (R) have been put forward. Read both the statements 1 Mark
carefully and choose the correct alternative from the following:
Assertion: Integer are the set of all whole numbers.
Reason: Set of integers are z = {-3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3}.
A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is B Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is
the correct explanation of assertion (A). not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
C Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false. D Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Ans: A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
Q81. Directions: In the following questions, the Assertions (A) and Reason(s) (R) have been put forward. Read both the statements 1 Mark
carefully and choose the correct alternative from the following:
Assertion: 3 + 0 = 0.
Reason: m + 0 = 0.
A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is B Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is
the correct explanation of assertion (A). not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
C Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false. D Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Ans: D Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Q82. Directions: In the following questions, the Assertions (A) and Reason(s) (R) have been put forward. Read both the statements 1 Mark
carefully and choose the correct alternative from the following:
Assertion: If L.C.M. p, q = 30 and H.C.F. p, q = 5, then p.q = 150.
Reason: L.C.M. of (a, b) x H.C.F. of (a, b) = a.b.
A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is B Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is
the correct explanation of assertion (A). not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
C Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false. D Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Ans: C Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
Q83. 1 Mark
Directions: In the following questions, the Assertions (A) and Reason(s) (R) have been put forward. Read both the statements
carefully and choose the correct alternative from the following:
Assertion: has non terminating repeating decimal expansion.
1

Reason: is an irrational no.

Q92. Directions: In the following questions, the Assertions (A) and Reason(s) (R) have been put forward. Read both the statements 1 Mark
carefully and choose the correct alternative from the following:
Assertion: 2 is a rational number.
Reason: The square roots of all positive integers are irrationals.
A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is B Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is
the correct explanation of assertion (A). not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
C Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false. D Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Ans: C Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
Solution:
Here reason is not true. √4 = +2 which is not an irrational number.
––

Q93. Directions: In the following questions, the Assertions (A) and Reason(s) (R) have been put forward. Read both the statements 1 Mark
carefully and choose the correct alternative from the following:
Assertion: π is not a rational no.
Reason: The value of π is 3.1415926.
A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is B Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is
the correct explanation of assertion (A). not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
C Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false. D Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Ans: A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
Q94. Directions: In the following questions, the Assertions (A) and Reason(s) (R) have been put forward. Read both the statements 1 Mark
carefully and choose the correct alternative from the following:
Assertion:(2 + √3)(2 − √3) is irrational.
Reason: (a + b)(a - b) = a2 - b2.
A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is B Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is
the correct explanation of assertion (A). not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
C Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false. D Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Ans: A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
Q95. Directions: In the following questions, the Assertions (A) and Reason(s) (R) have been put forward. Read both the statements 1 Mark
carefully and choose the correct alternative from the following:
Assertion : is a terminating decimal fraction.
13

3125
Reason : If q = 2n . 5m where n,m are non-negative, integers, then
p

q
is a terminating decimal fraction.

A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is B Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is
the correct explanation of assertion (A) not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
C Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false. D Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Ans: A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A)
Solution:
Since the factors of the denominator 3125 is of the form 20 0
× 5
5
⋅
13

3125
is a terminating decimal Since, assertion follows from
reason.
Q96. Directions: In the following questions, the Assertions (A) and Reason(s) (R) have been put forward. Read both the statements 1 Mark
carefully and choose the correct alternative from the following:
Assertion: |x+y|=|x|+|y|.
Reason: x, y are real no. same sign.
A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is B Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is
the correct explanation of assertion (A). not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
C Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false. D Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Ans: A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
Q97. Directions: In the following questions, the Assertions (A) and Reason(s) (R) have been put forward. Read both the statements 1 Mark
carefully and choose the correct alternative from the following:
Assertion: 35.251522253 is a non terminating Decimal.
Reason: 35.251522253 is a irrational no.
A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is B Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is
the correct explanation of assertion (A). not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
C Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false. D Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Ans: A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
Q98. Directions: In the following questions, the Assertions (A) and Reason(s) (R) have been put forward. Read both the statements 1 Mark
carefully and choose the correct alternative from the following:
Assertion: a × 543 = 543 × 289 then the value of a is 289.
Reason: a × b = b × a is commutative property of real number.
A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is B Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is
the correct explanation of assertion (A). not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
C Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false. D Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Ans: A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
Q99. Directions: In the following questions, the Assertions (A) and Reason(s) (R) have been put forward. Read both the statements 1 Mark
carefully and choose the correct alternative from the following:
Assertion: Closure property states that sum and product of real no. is always real no.
Reason: If a, b belongs R, a + b belongs R and ab belongs R.
A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is B Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is
the correct explanation of assertion (A). not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
C Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false. D Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Ans: A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
Q100.Directions: In the following questions, the Assertions (A) and Reason(s) (R) have been put forward. Read both the statements 1 Mark
carefully and choose the correct alternative from the following:
Assertion: Cube root of 9 is a surd.
Reason: 9 is rational and cube root of 9 is irrational.
A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is B Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is
the correct explanation of assertion (A). not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
C Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false. D Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Ans: A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
Q101.Directions: In the following questions, the Assertions (A) and Reason(s) (R) have been put forward. Read both the statements 1 Mark
carefully and choose the correct alternative from the following:
Assertion: 1 is prime no.
Reason: 0 is a prime no.
A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is B Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is
the correct explanation of assertion (A). not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
C Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false. D Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Ans: D Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Q102.Directions: In the following questions, the Assertions (A) and Reason(s) (R) have been put forward. Read both the statements 1 Mark
carefully and choose the correct alternative from the following:
Assertion: 0 is additive identity.
Reason: + 0 = .
1

2
1

Reason: 33

2
× 5 =
33

4
× 5 = 1.65
2

integers
Reason: 34.12345 is a terminating decimal fraction
A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is B Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is
the correct explanation of assertion (A). not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
C Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false. D Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Ans: A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
Solution:
Reason is clearly true
Again 34.12345 = 3412345

100000
=
682469

20000
=
682469

5 4
2 ×5

Its denominator is of the form 2m x 5n

[m = 5, n = 4 are non - negative integers]
Hence, assertion is true. Since reason gives assertion (a) holds.
Q110.Directions: In the following questions, the Assertions (A) and Reason(s) (R) have been put forward. Read both the statements 1 Mark
carefully and choose the correct alternative from the following:
Assertion: Every irrational no is not a surd.
Reason: Surd is an irrational root of rational number.
A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is B Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is
the correct explanation of assertion (A). not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
C Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false. D Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Ans: A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
Q111.Directions: In the following questions, the Assertions (A) and Reason(s) (R) have been put forward. Read both the statements 1 Mark
carefully and choose the correct alternative from the following:
Assertion: If n2 - 1 is divisible by 8 then n is odd positive integer.
Reason: If n = 4q + 1 then n2 - 1 = 8q(2q + 1).
A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is B Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is
the correct explanation of assertion (A). not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
C Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false. D Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Ans: A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
Q112.Directions: In the following questions, the Assertions (A) and Reason(s) (R) have been put forward. Read both the statements 1 Mark
carefully and choose the correct alternative from the following:
Assertion: Additive identity of real no. is original no.
Reason: The additive identity of 9 is 9.
A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is B Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is
the correct explanation of assertion (A). not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
C Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false. D Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Ans: A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
Q113.Directions: In the following questions, the Assertions (A) and Reason(s) (R) have been put forward. Read both the statements 1 Mark
carefully and choose the correct alternative from the following:
Assertion: m2 - m is divisible by 2 for every positive integers.
Reason: √2 is rational no.
A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is B Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is
the correct explanation of assertion (A). not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
C Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false. D Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Ans: B Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
Q114.Directions: In the following questions, the Assertions (A) and Reason(s) (R) have been put forward. Read both the statements 1 Mark
carefully and choose the correct alternative from the following:
Assertion: 18 is a lcm of smallest prime and smallest odd composite natural number.
Reason: The smaller prime and composite numbers is 3 & 4.
A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is B Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is
the correct explanation of assertion (A). not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
C Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false. D Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Ans: C Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
Q115.Directions: In the following questions, the Assertions (A) and Reason(s) (R) have been put forward. Read both the statements 1 Mark
carefully and choose the correct alternative from the following:
Assertion: The no. which are not exactly divisible by 2 are known as odd no.
Reason: -3, -15, 7, 9 are the odd no.
A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is B Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is
the correct explanation of assertion (A). not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
C Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false. D Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Ans: C Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
Q116.Directions: In the following questions, the Assertions (A) and Reason(s) (R) have been put forward. Read both the statements 1 Mark
carefully and choose the correct alternative from the following:
Assertion: can not be written as terminating decimal.
1

Reason: 1

16
can be written as a terminating decimal.

A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is B Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is
the correct explanation of assertion (A). not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
C Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false. D Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Ans: B Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
Q117.Directions: In the following questions, the Assertions (A) and Reason(s) (R) have been put forward. Read both the statements 1 Mark
carefully and choose the correct alternative from the following:
Assertion: √a is an irrational number, where a is a prime number.
Reason: Square root of any prime number is an irrational number.
A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is B Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is
the correct explanation of assertion (A). not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
C Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false. D Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Ans: A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
Solution:
As we know that square root of every prime number is an irrational number. So, both A and R are correct and R explains A.
Q118.Directions: In the following questions, the Assertions (A) and Reason(s) (R) have been put forward. Read both the statements 1 Mark
carefully and choose the correct alternative from the following:
Assertion: HCF of consecutive odd no. is 1.
Reason: HCF of 3 & 5 is 1.
A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is B Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is
the correct explanation of assertion (A). not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
C Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false. D Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Ans: A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
Q119.Directions: In the following questions, the Assertions (A) and Reason(s) (R) have been put forward. Read both the statements 1 Mark
carefully and choose the correct alternative from the following:
Assertion: (18, 25) is a pair of coprime.
Reason: Pair of coprime has common factor 2.
A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is B Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is
the correct explanation of assertion (A). not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
C Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false. D Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Ans: C Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
Q120.Directions: In the following questions, the Assertions (A) and Reason(s) (R) have been put forward. Read both the statements 1 Mark
carefully and choose the correct alternative from the following:
Assertion: If HCF (26, 169) = 13 then LCM (26,169) = 338.
Reason: HCF(a × b) × LCM(a × b) = a × b.
A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is B Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is
the correct explanation of assertion (A). not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
C Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false. D Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Ans: A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
Q121.Directions: In the following questions, the Assertions (A) and Reason(s) (R) have been put forward. Read both the statements 1 Mark
carefully and choose the correct alternative from the following:
Assertion: HCF of 408 and 1032 is expressible in the form 1032 × 2 + 408 × P then value of l is -5.
Reason: HCF of 408 and 1032 is 24.
A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is B Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is
the correct explanation of assertion (A). not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
C Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false. D Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Ans: A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
Q122.Directions: In the following questions, the Assertions (A) and Reason(s) (R) have been put forward. Read both the statements 1 Mark
carefully and choose the correct alternative from the following:
Assertion: Additive inverse of real no. is 8.
Reason: Additive inverse of 5 is 8.
A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is B Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is
the correct explanation of assertion (A). not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
C Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false. D Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Ans: D Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Q123.Directions: In the following questions, the Assertions (A) and Reason(s) (R) have been put forward. Read both the statements 1 Mark
carefully and choose the correct alternative from the following:
Assertion: 7 is rational no.
Reason: 9 is rational no.
A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is B Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is
the correct explanation of assertion (A). not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
C Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false. D Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Ans: B Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
Q124.Directions: In the following questions, the Assertions (A) and Reason(s) (R) have been put forward. Read both the statements 1 Mark
carefully and choose the correct alternative from the following:
Assertion: The imaginary no. are the complex no.
Reason: Imaginary number can be written in the form of real no. and imaginary unit.
A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is B Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is
the correct explanation of assertion (A). not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
C Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false. D Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Ans: B Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
Q125.Directions: In the following questions, the Assertions (A) and Reason(s) (R) have been put forward. Read both the statements 1 Mark
carefully and choose the correct alternative from the following:
Assertion: A method based on division algorithm is used called Euclid division lemma.
Reason: Euclid division algorithm is a way to find the HCF of 2 no.
A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is B Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is
the correct explanation of assertion (A). not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
C Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false. D Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Ans: B Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
Q126.Directions: In the following questions, the Assertions (A) and Reason(s) (R) have been put forward. Read both the statements 1 Mark
carefully and choose the correct alternative from the following:
Assertion: If we number is added to its own - ve number then the result is zero is known as additive inverse.
Reason: 3 + (-3) = 0 is additive inverse.
A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is B Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is
the correct explanation of assertion (A). not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
C Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false. D Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Ans: A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
Q127.Directions: In the following questions, the Assertions (A) and Reason(s) (R) have been put forward. Read both the statements 1 Mark
carefully and choose the correct alternative from the following:
Assertion: The no. which are exactly divisible by 2 are called even no.
Reason: Even no. can be positive or negative integers.
A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is B Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is
the correct explanation of assertion (A). not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
C Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false. D Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Ans: B Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
Q128.Directions: In the following questions, the Assertions (A) and Reason(s) (R) have been put forward. Read both the statements 1 Mark
carefully and choose the correct alternative from the following:
Assertion: Only real number can be represent on line.
Reason: Every point on the no. line represent a real number.
A Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is B Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is
the correct explanation of assertion (A). not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
C Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false. D Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Ans: C Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
Q129.Directions: In the following questions, the Assertions (A) and Reason(s) (R) have been put forward. Read both the statements 1 Mark
carefully and choose the correct alternative from the following:
Assertion: ( is an irrational number.
−2
)√8
5

Reason: Multiplication of rational and irrational number is irrational.

Reason: (a + b)2 = a2 + b2 + 2ab.

Reason: The prime factor of 5 is 5.

Solution:
2+√5
∴ (
3
) is not be written in the form of n

Where n amd d is non zero number.

2+√5
So, ( 3
) is irrational number.
Q141.π is an irrational number (True/ False). 1 Mark

Ans: True.
Reason:
Rational number is one that can be expressed as the fraction of two integers.
Rational numbers converted into decimal notation always repeat themselves somewhere in their digits.
For example, 3 is a rational number as it can be written as and in decimal notation it is expressed with an infinite amount of
3

zeros to the right of the decimal point. 1

7
is also a rational number.
Its decimal notation is 0.142857142857…, a repetition of six digits.
However √2 cannot be written as the fraction of two integers and is therefore irrational.
Now,
π = 3.1415926.....

Thus, it is irrational.
Q142.Every odd integer is of the form 2m - 1, where m is an integer (True/ False). 1 Mark

Ans: True.
Reason:
Let the various values of m as -1, 0 and 9.
Thus, the values for 2m - 1 become -3, -1 and 17 respectively.
These are odd integers.
Q143.Every even integer is of the form 2m, where m is an integer (True/ False). 1 Mark

Ans: True.
Reason:
Let the various values of m as -1, 0 and 9.
Thus, the values for 2m become -2, 0 and 18 respectively.
Q144.The product of two irrational numbers is an irrational number (True/ False). 1 Mark

Ans: False.
Reason:
As it is not always possible that the product of two irrational number be also an irrational number, it may be a rational number.
for example,
√3 × √3 = 3, √7 × √7 = 7

Q145.For any positive integer n, prove that n3 – n is divisible by 6. 5 Marks

Ans: Let a = n3 - n
⇒ a = n(n2 - 1)
= n (n - 1)(n + 1)
(n - 1), n, (n + 1) are consecutive integers so out of three consecutive numbers at least one will be even. So, a is divisible by 2.
Sum of numbers = (n - 1) + n + (n + 1)
=n-1+n+n+1
= 3n
Clearly, the sum of three consective numbers is divisible by 3, so any one of them must be divisible by 3.
So, out of n, (n - 1), (n + 1), one is divisible by 2 and one is divisible by 3 and
a = (n - 1) × n × (n + 1)
Hence, out of three factors of a, one is divisible by 2 and one is divisible by 3. So, a is divisible by 6 or n3 - n is divisible by 6.
Q146.Show that the square of any odd integer is of the form 4q + 1, for some integer q. 5 Marks

Ans: By Euclid's division algorithm, we have a = bq + r, where 0 < r < 4 .....(i)

On putting b = 4 in Eq. (i), we get
a = 4q + r, where 0 ≤ r < 4 i.e., r = 0, 1.2, 3 . . . . . (ii)

If r = 0 ⇒ a = 4q, 4q is divisible by 2 ⇒ 4q is even.

If r = 1 ⇒ a = 4q + 1, (4q + 1)is not divisible by 2.
If r = 2 ⇒ a = 4q + 2, 2(4q + 1) is divisible by 2 ⇒ 2(2q + 1)is even.
If r = 3 ⇒ a = 4q + 3, (4q + 3) is not divisible by 2.
So, for any positive integer q, (4q + 1) and (4q + 3) are odd integers.
Now, a2 = (4q + 1)2 = 16q2 + 1 + 8q = 4(4q2 + 2q) + 1
[∵ (a + b)2 = a2 + 2ab + b2]
is a square which is of the form am 4m + 1, where m = (4q2 + 2q) is an integer.
and a2 = (4q + 3)2 = 16q2 + 9 + 24q = 4(4q2 = 6q + 2) + 1 is a square.
[∵ (a + b)2 = a2 + 2ab + b3]
Which is of the 4m + 1, where m = (4q2 + 6q + 2) is an integer.
Hence, for some integer m, the square of any odd integer is of the form 4m + 1
Q147.Show that the cube of a positive integer is of the form 6q + r, where q is an integer and r = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. 5 Marks

Ans: Let a be an arbitrary positive integer. Then, by Euclid’s division algorithm, corresponding to the positive integers ‘a’ and 6, there
exist non-negative integers q and r such that.
a = 6q + r, where, 0 ≤ r < 6
⇒ a3 = (6q + r)3 = 216q3 + r3 + 3.6q.r(6q + r)
[∵ (a + b)3 = a3 + b3 + 3ab(a + b)]
⇒ a3 = (216q3 + 108q2r + 18qr2) + r3 ...(i)
Where, 0 ≤ r < 6
Case I: When r = 0, then putting r = 0 in
Eq. (i), we get
a3 = 216q3 = 6(36q3) = 6m
Where, m = 36q3 is an integer.
Case II: Where r = 1, then putting r = 1 in
Eq. (i), we get
a3 = (216q3 + 108q3 + 18q) + 1 = 6(36q3 + 18q3 + 3q) + 1
a3 = 6m + 1,
Where m = (36q3 + 18q3 + 3q) is an integer.
Case III: When r = 2, then putting r = 2 in
Eq. (i), we get
a3 = (216q3 + 216q2 + 72q) + 8
a3 = (216q3 + 216q2 + 72q + 6) + 2
⇒ a3 = 6(36q3 + 36q2 + 12q + 1) + 2= 6m + 2
Where, m = (36q3 + 36q2 + 12q + 1) is an integer.
Case IV: When r = 3, then putting r = 3 in
Eq. (i), we get
a3 = (216q3 + 324q2 + 162q) + 27
= (216q3 + 324q2 + 162q + 24) + 3
= 6(36q3 + 54q2 + 27q + 4) + 3 = 6m + 3
Where, m = (36q3 + 64q2 + 27q + 4) is an integer.
Case V: When r = 4, then putting r = 4 in
Eq. (i), we get
a3 = (216q3 + 432q2 + 288q) + 64
a3 = 6(36q3 + 72q2 + 48q) + 60 + 4
a3 = 6(36q3 + 72q2 + 48q + 10) is an integer.
Case VI: When r = 5, then putting r = 5 in
Eq. (i), we get
a3 = (216q3 + 540q2 + 450q) + 125
⇒ a3 = (216q3 + 540q2 + 450q) + 120 + 5
⇒ a3 = 6(36q3 + 90q2 + 75q + 20) + 5
⇒ a3 = 6m + 5
Where, m = (36q3 + 90q2 + 75q + 20) is an integer.
Hence, the cube of a positive integer of the form 6q + r, q is an integer and r = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 is also of the forms 6m, 6m + 1, 6m
+ 3, 6m + 3, 6m + 4 and 6m + 5 i.e., 6m + r.
Q148.Show that the square of any positive integer is either of the form 4q or 4q + 1 for some integer q. 5 Marks

Ans: Let a be an arbitrary positive integer. Then, by, Euclid's division algorithm, corresponding to the positivde integers a and 4, there
exist non-negative integers m and r, such that
a = 4m + r, where 0 ≤ r < 4

2 2 2
⇒ r = 16m + r + 8mr . . . . . (i)

2 2 2
Where, 0 ≤ r < 4 [ ∵ (a + b) = a + 2ab + b ]
Case I:
When r = 0, then putting r = 0 in Eq. (i), we get
a2 = 16m2 = 4(4m2) = 4q
Where, q = 4m2 is an integer.
Case II:
When r = 1, then putting r = 1 in Eq. (i), we get
a2 = 16m2 + 1 + 8m
= 4 (4m2 + 2m) + 1 = 4q + 1
Where, q = (4m2 + 2m) is an integer.
Case III:
When r = 2, then putting r = 2 in Eq. (i), we get
a2 = 16m2 + 4 + 16m
= 4 (4m2 + 4m + 1) = 4q
Where, q = (4m2 + 4m + 1) is an integer.
Case IV:
When r = 3, then putting r = 3 in Eq. (i), we get
a2 = 16m2 + 9 + 24m = 16m2 + 24m + 8 + 1
= 4(4m2 + 6m + 2) + 1 = 4q + 1
Where, q = (4m2 + 6m + 2) is an integer.
Hence, the square of any positive integer is either of the form 4q or 4q + 1 for some integer m.
Q149.Prove that 5√2 5 Marks

Ans: Let 5√2 is a rational number.

p
∴ 5√2 = , where p and q are some integers and HCF (p, q) = 1 ...(1)
q

⇒ 5√2q = p
2
2
⇒ (5√2q) = p

2 2
⇒ 2(25q ) = p

⇒ p2 is divisible by 2
⇒ p is divisible by 2 ...(2)
Let p = 2m, where m is some integer.
⇒ 5√2q = 2m
2 2
⇒ (5√2q) = 2m

2 2
⇒ 2(25q ) = 4m
2 2
⇒ 25q = 2m

⇒ q2 is divisible by 2
⇒ q is divisible by 2 ...(3)
From (2) and (3), 2 is a common factor of both p and q, which contradicts (1).
Hence, our assumption is wrong.
Thus, 5√2 is irrational.
Q150.Prove that √3 5 Marks

Ans: If possible, let √3 be rational and let its simplest form be a

The, a and b are integers having no common factor other than 1, and b ≠ 0
2

Now, √3 =
a

2
b
2

...(On squaring both sides)

a
⇒ 3 =
2
b

⇒ 3b2 = a2
⇒ 3 divides a2 … [∵ 3 divies 3b2]
⇒ 3 divides a … [∵ 3 is prime and 3 divides a2 ⇒ 3 divides a]
Let a = 3c for some integers c.
Putting a = 3c in (i), we get
3b2 = 9c2
⇒ b2 = 3c2
⇒ 3 divides b2 … [∵ 3 divies 3c2]
⇒ 3 divides b … [∵ 3 is prime and 3 divides a2 ⇒ 3 divides a]
Thus, 3 is a common factor of a and b
But, this contradicts the fact that a and b have no common factor other than 1
The contradiction arises by assuming that √3 is rational.
Hence, √3 is irrational.
Q151.Prove that the following are irrational: 5 Marks
7√5

Ans: 7√5
Let us assume to the contrary, that 7√5 is rational. So we can find coprime integers a and b (b ≠ 0) such that
a
7√5 =
b
a
⇒ √5 =
7b

Since, a and b are integers, a

7b
is rational and so, √5 is irational. But this contradicts the fact that √5 is irrational.
Therefore 7√5 is irrational.
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Q152.Show that one and only one out of n, (n + 2) and (n + 4) is divisible by 3, where n is any positive integer. 5 Marks

Ans: on dividing 'n' by 3, let 'q' be the quotient and 'r' be the remainder.
Then, n = 3q + r, where 0 ≤ r < 3
⇒ n = 3q + r, where r = 0, 1 or 2
⇒ n = 3q or n = 3q +1 or n = 3q + 2
Case 1: If n = 3q, then 'n' is clearly divisible by 3
Case 2: If n = 3q +1, then (n + 2) = (3q + 3) = 3(q + 1), which is clearly divisible by 3
In this case, (n + 2) is divisible by 3
Case 3: If n = 3q +2, then (n + 4) = (3q + 6) = 3(q + 2), which is clearly divisible by 3
In this case, (n + 4) is divisible by 3
Hence, one and only one out of n, (n + 2) and (n + 4) is divisible by 3
Q153.Prove that (4 − 5√2) 5 Marks

Ans: Let x = 4 − 5√2 be a rational number.

x = 4 − 5√ 2
2
2
⇒ x = (4 − 5√2)

2
2 2
⇒ x = (4) + (2√3) − 2(4)(5√2)

2
⇒ x = 16 + 50 − 40√2

2
⇒ x − 66 = −40√2
2
66−x
⇒ = √2
40

Since x is a rational number, x2 is also a rational number.

⇒ 66 − x2 is a rational number
2

is a rational number
66−x
⇒
40

⇒ √2 is a rational number
But √2 is an irrational number, which is a contradiction.
Hence, our assumption is wrong.
Thus, (4 − 5√2) is an irrational number.
Q154.Prove that one and only one out of n, n + 2 and n + 4 is divisible by 3, where n is any positive integer. 5 Marks

Ans: Consider the given numbers n, n + 2 and n + 4.

When n = 1, number become 1, 1 + 2, 1 + 4 = (1, 3 and 5)
When n = 2, number become 2, 2 + 2, 2 + 4 = (2, 4, 6)
When n = 3, number become = (3, 5, 7)
When n = 4, number become = (4, 6, 8)
When n = 5, number become = (5, 7, 9)
When n = 6, number become = (6, 8, 10)
When n = 7, number become = (7, 9, 11)
From above, we observe that out of 3 numbers one is divisible by 3.
Alternate Answer
Consider that if a number n is divided by 3, then we get a quotient q and remainder r then by Euclid's division algorithm,
n = 3q + r where, 0 ≤ r < 3

At n1 Divisible by 3 n 2 = n1 + 3 Divisible by 3 n 3 = n3 + 4 Divisible by 3

3q + 4
=3q + 3 + 1
r = 0 3q + 0 = 3q Yes 3q + 2 No No
= 3(q + 1) +1
= 3m + 1
3q + 3 + 2
3q + 1 + 2
= 3q + 3 + 2
r = 1 3q + 1 No = 3q + 3 Yes No
= 3(q + 1) + 2
= 3(q + 1)
= 3m + 2
3q + 2 + 2 3q + 2 + 4
= 3q + 3 + 1 = 3q + 6
r = 2 3q + 2 No No Yes
= 3q(q + 1) + 1 = 3(q + 2)
= 3m + 1 = 3m

From table, out of n1, n2 or n3 one number is divisible by 3 when r = 0, 1, 2, are taken.
Q155.Prove that 5 Marks
2

√7

Ans: 2
= (
2
×
√7
) =
2
. √7
√7 √7 √7 7

Let 2

7
√7 is a rational number.
p
∴
2

7
√7 =
q
, where p and q are some integers and HCF (p, q) = 1 ...(1)
⇒ 2√7q = 7p
2
2
⇒ (2√7q) = (7p)

2 2
⇒ 7(4q ) = 49p
2 2
⇒ 4q = 7p

⇒ q2 is divisible by 7
⇒ q is divisible by 7 ...(2)
Let q = 7m, where m is some integer.
∴ 2√7q = 2p
2
2
⇒ [2√7q(7m)] = 7p

2 2
⇒ 343(4m ) = 49p
2 2
⇒ 7(4m ) = p

⇒ p2 is divisible by 7
⇒ p is divisible by 7 ...(3)
From (2) and (3), 7 is a common factor of both p and q, which contradicts (1).
Hence, our assumption is wrong.
Thus, is irrational.
2

√7

Q156.Show that (4 + 3√2)< 5 Marks

Ans: If possible, let (4 + 3√2) be rational.

Then 4 and 3√2 are rational.
⇒ 4 + 3√2 − 4 is rational … (∵ diference of two rationals is rational)

⇒ 3√2 is rational

⇒ √2 is rational … (∵ 3 is rational)

This contradicts the fact that √2 is irrational.

The contradiction arises by assuming that (4 + 3√2) is rational.
Hence, (4 + 3√2) is irrational.
Q157.Show that one and only one out of n, n + 4, n + 8, n + 12 and n + 16 is divisibleby 5, where n is any positive integer. 5 Marks
[Hint: Any positive integer can be written in the form 5q, 5q+1, 5q+2, 5q+3, 5q+4].

Ans: Let a number n is divided by 5 then quotient is q and remainder is r. Then by Euclid's division algorithm,
n = 5q + r, where n, q, r are non-negative integers and 0 ≤ r < 5
When r = 0, n = 5q + 0 = 5q
So, n is divisible by 5.
When r = 1, n - 5a + 1
n + 2 = 5q + 1 + 2 = 5q + 3 is not divisible by 5.
n + 4 = (5q + 1) + 4 = 5q + 5 = 5(q + 1) divisible by 5.
So, (n + 4) is divisible by 5.
When r = 2, n = 5q + 2
(n + 8) = (5q + 2) + 8 = 5q + 10 = 5(q + 2) =5m is divisible by 5.
So, (n + 8) is divisible by 5.
When r = 3, n = 5q + 3
n + 12 = (5q + 3) + 12 = 5q + 15 = 5(q + 3) = 5m is divisible by 5.
So, (n + 12) is divisible by 5.
When r = 4, n = 5q + 4
n + 16 = (5q + 4) + 16 = 5q + 20 = 5(q + 4)
(n + 16) = 5m is divisible by 5.
Hence, n, (n + 4), (n + 8), (n + 12) and (n + 16) are divisible by 5.
Q158.Prove that the product of three consecutive positive integer is divisible by 6. 5 Marks

Ans: Let, n be any positive integer. Since any positive is of the form 6q or 6q + 1 or, 6q + 2 or, 6q + 3 or 6q + 4 or 6q + 5.
If n - 6q, then
n(n + 1)(n + 2) = [(6q)(6q + 1)(6q + 2)]
= 6[q(6q + 1)(6q + 2)]
= 6m, which is divisible by 6
If n - 6q + 1, then
n(n + 1)(n + 2) = (6q + 1)(6q + 2)(6q + 3)
= 6[(6q + 1)(3q + 1)(2q + 1)]
= 6m, which is divisible by 6
If n - 6q + 2, then
n(n + 1)(n + 2) = (6q + 2)(6q + 3)(6q + 4)
= 6[(3q + 1)(2q + 1)(6q + 4)]
= 6m, which is divisible by 6
If n - 6q + 3, then
n(n + 1)(n + 2) = (6q + 3)(6q + 4)(6q + 5)
= 6[(3q + 1)(3q + 2)(6q + 5)]
= 6m, which is divisible by 6
If n - 6q + 4, then
n(n + 1)(n + 2) = (6q + 4)(6q + 5)(6q + 6)
= 6[(6q + 4)(6q + 5)(q + 1)]
= 6m, which is divisible by 6
If n - 6q + 5, then
n(n + 1)(n + 2) = (6q + 5)(6q + 6)(6q + 7)
= 6[(6q + 5)(q + 1)(6q + 7)]
= 6m, which is divisible by 6
Hence, the product of three consecutive positive integer is divisible by 6.
Q159.Use Euclid’s division lemma to show that the cube of any positive integer is of the form 9m, 9m + 1 or 9m + 8. 5 Marks

Ans: Let a be any positive integer and b = 3

a = 3q + r, where q ≥ 0 and r = 0, 1, 2 because 0 ≤ r < 3
a = 3q or 3q + 1 or 3q + 2
Therefore, every number can be represented as these three forms.
We have three cases.
Case 1: When a = 3q,
a3 = (3q)3 = 27q3 = 9(3q3) = 9m
Where m is an integer such that m =3q3
Case 2: When a = 3q + 1,
a3 = (3q + 1)3
a3 = 27q3 + 27q2 + 9q + 1
a3 = 9(3q3 + 3q2 + q) + 1
a3 = 9m + 1
Where m is an integer such that m = (3q3 + 3q2 + q)
Case 3: When a = 3q + 2,
a3 = (3q + 2)3
a3 = 27q3 + 54q2 + 36q + 8
a3 = 9 (3q3 + 6q2 + 4q) + 8
a3 = 9m + 8
Where m is an integer such that m = (3q3 + 6q2 + 4q)
Therefore, the cube of any positive integer is of the form 9m, 9m + 1, or 9m + 8.
Q160.A passenger, while boarding the plane, slipped from the stairs and got hurt. The pilot took the passenger in the emergency clinic 4 Marks
at the airport for treatment. Due to this, the plane got delayed by half an hour. To reach the destination 1500 km away in time,
so that the passengers could catch the connecting flight, the speed of the plane was increased by 250 km/hour than the usual
speed. Find the usual speed of the plane. What value is depicted in this question?
Ans: Let the usual speed of plane be x km/h.
1500 1500 1
∴ − =
x x + 250 2

2
⇒ x + 250x − 750000 = 0

(x + 1000) (x - 750) = 0 ⇒ x = 750

Speed of plane = 750 km/h.

Q161.Show that the square of any positive integer cannot be of form (5q + 2) or (5q +3) for any integer q. 4 Marks

Ans: Let a be any positive integer.

Take b = 5 as the divisor.
∴ a = 5m + r, r = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4

Case-1: a = 5m ⇒ a2 = 25m2 = 5(5m2) = 5q

Case-2: a = 5m + 1 ⇒ a2 = 5(5m2 + 2m) + 1 = 5q + 1
Case-3: a = 5m + 2 ⇒ a2 = 5(5m2 + 4m) + 4 = 5q + 4
Case-4: a = 5m + 3 ⇒ a2 = 5(5m2 + 6m + 1) + 4 = 5q + 4
Case-5: a = 5m + 4 ⇒ a2 = 5(5m2 + 8m + 3) + 1 = 5q + 1
Hence square of any positive integer cannot be of the form (5q + 2) or (5q + 3) for any integer q.
Q162.Prove that (√2 + √5) is irrational. 4 Marks

Ans: Let us assume (√2 + √5) is rational number

Let (√2 + √5) = m where m is rational
2 2
⇒ (√2 + √5) = m

2
⇒ m = 7 + 2√10
2
m −7
⇒ √10 =
2

∴ m is rational
2

is also rational
m −7
∴
2

but √10 is irrrational

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS

It means our assumption was wrong.

Hence (√2 + √5) is an irrational number.
Q163.Sum of the areas of two squares is 544m2. If the difference of their perimeters is 32m, find the sides of the two squares. 4 Marks

Ans: Let ‘a’ and ‘b’ be the sides of two squares, with a > b.
Then a2 + b2 = 544 and 4a - 4b = 32
=a-b=8
=a=b+8
2 2
∴ (b + 8) + b = 544

⇒ 2b2 + 16b - 480 = 0

2
∴ b + 8b - 240 = 0

⇒ (b + 20) (b - 12) = 0
⇒ b = 12
b = 12m
⇒ a = 12 + 8
= 20m
Q164.The difference of the squares of two numbers is 180. The square of the smaller number is 8 times the greater number. Find the 4 Marks
two numbers.

Ans: Let the larger number = x

Then the square of the smaller number = 8 times the larger number = 8x
and the square of the larger numbe r = x
According to the question,
x - 8x = 180
⇒ x - 8x - 180 = 0
⇒ x - 18x + 10x - 180 = 0
⇒ x(x - 18) + 10(x - 18) = 0
⇒ (x - 18) (x + 10) = 0
⇒ x - 18 = 0 or x + 10 = 0
⇒ x = 18 or x = -10
Thus, the larger number = 18 or -10
Then, the square of the smaller number = 8(18) or 8(-10)
= 144 or -80
The square of a number can't be negative, so, the square of smaller number = 144
Hence, the smaller number = √144 = 12
The numbers are 12 and 18
Q165.Prove that one of every three consecutive positive integers is divisible by 3. 4 Marks

Ans: Let n, n + 1, n + 2 be three consecutive positive integers.

We can write,
By Euclid's division lemma
n = bq + r
Where b = 3
n = 3q + r
∴ r can have values 0, 1, 2

Case 1:
Where r = 0
⇒ n = 3q
In this case n is divisible by 3 but n + 1 and n + 2 are not divisible by 3.
Case 2:
Where r = 1
n = 3q + 1
n + 1 = 3q + 2
and n + 2 = 3q + 3 = 3(q + 1)
In this case n + 2 is division by 3.
Case 3:
Where r = 2
n = 3q + 2
n + 1 = 3q + 3 = 3(q + 1)
In this case n + 1 is divisible by 3.
Hence, one of n, n + 1, n + 2 is divisible by 3.
Q166.Show that (12)n cannot end with digit 0 or 5 for any natural number n. 4 Marks

Ans: If any number ends with the digit 0 or 5, it is always divisible by 5.

If 12n ends with the digit zero it must be divisible by 5.
This is possible only if prime factorisation of 12n contains the prime number 5.
Now, 12 = 2 × 2 × 3 = 22 × 3
⇒ 12n = (22 × 3)n = 22n × 3n [since, there is no term contains 5]
Hence, there is no value of n e N for which 12n ends with digit zero or five.
Q167.If p, q are prime positive integers, prove that √p + √qp + q is an irrational number. 4 Marks

Ans: Let us asssume that √p + √q is rational.

Then there exist positive co-primes a and b such that
a
√p + √q = b
a
√p = − √q
b
2
2 a
(√p) = ( − √q)
b

2
2a√q
a
p = ( ) − + q
b b

2
2a√q
a
p − q = ( ) −
b b

2
2a√q
a
( ) − (p − q) =
b b
2 2
a −b (p−q) 2a√q

2
=
b b

2 2
a −b (p−q)
b
( 2
)( ) = √q
b 2a

2 2
a −b (p−q)

√q = ( )
2ab

Here we see that √q is rational number which is a contradiction as we know that √q is an irrational number
Hence √q + √q is irrational
Q168.Show that any positive odd integer is of the form 6q + 1, or 6q + 3, or 6q + 5, where q is some integer. 4 Marks

Ans: Let a be any positive integer and b = 6. Then, by Euclid’s algorithm,

a = 6q + r for some integer q ≥ 0, and r = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 because 0 ≤ r < 6.
Therefore, a = 6q or 6q + 1 or 6q + 2 or 6q + 3 or 6q + 4 or 6q + 5
Also, 6q + 1 = 2 × 3q + 1 = 2k1 + 1,where k1 is a positive integer
6q + 3 = (6q + 2) + 1 = 2(3q + 1) + 1 = 2k2 + 1, where k2 is an integer
6q + 5 = (6q + 4) + 1 = 2(3q + 2) + 1 = 2k3 +1, where k3 is an integer
Clearly, 6q + 1, 6q + 3, 6q + 5 are of the form 2k + 1, where k is an integer.
Therefore, 6q + 1, 6q + 3, 6q + 5 are not exactly divisible by 2. Hence, these expressions of numbers are odd numbers.
And therefore, any odd integer can be expressed in the form 6q + 1, or 6q + 3, or 6q + 5
Q169.Prove that the square of any positive integer is of the form 4q or 4q + 1 for some integer q. 4 Marks

Ans: By Eudid's division Algorithm

a = bm + r, where 0 ≤ r < b
Put b = 4
a = 4m + r, where 0 ≤ r < 4
If r = 0, then a = 4m
If r = 1, then a = 4m + 1
If r = 2, then a = 4m + 2
If r = 3, then a = 4m + 3
Now, (4m)2 = 16m2
= 4 × 4m2
= 4q where q is some integer
(4m + 1)2 = (4m)2 + 2(4m)(1) + (1)2
= 16m2 + 8m + 1
= 4(4m2 + 2m) + 1 where 4m2 + 2m = q
= 4q + 1 where q is some integer
(4m + 3)2 = (4m)2 + 2(4m)(3) + (3)2
= 16m2 + 24m + 9
= 16m2 + 24m + 8 + 1
= 4(4m2 + 6m + 2) + 1
= 4q + 1, where q is some integre
Hence, the square of any positive in teger is of the form 4q or 4q + 1 for some integer m.
Q170.Prove that √5 + √3 is an irrational number. 4 Marks

Ans: Let us assume that √5 + √3 is a rational number.

∴ √5 + √3 = where, a and b are positive co-prime numbers.
a

b
a
√5 + √3 =
b
a
⇒ √5 = − √3
b

Squaring both sides,

2
2 a
⇒ (√5) = ( − √3)
b

2
a 2a√3
⇒ 5 = ( ) + 3 −
b b

2
a 2a√3
⇒ 5 − 3 = ( ) −
b b

2
a 2a√3
⇒ 2 = ( ) −
b b

2
2a√3 a
⇒ = ( ) − 2
b b

2 2
2a√3 a −2b
⇒ = ( 2
)
b b
2 2
a −2b b
⇒ √3 = ( )
2
b 2a

2 2
a −2b
⇒ √3 = ( )
2ab

We know that √3 is an irrational number.

This contradicts our assumption that √5 + √3 is a rational number.
Q171.Find the maximum number of students among whom 1001 pens and 910 pencils can be distributed in such a way that each 4 Marks
student gets the same number of pens and the same number of pencils.

Ans: Total pens = 1001

Total pencils = 910
We need to find maximum no.of students among whom 1001 pens and 910 pencils can be distributed in such a way that each
students get same no.of pens and pencils.
Then we need to find HCF of 1001 and 910
Prime factorization of,
1001 = 7 × 11 × 13
910 = 2 × 5 × 7 × 13
HCF=product of commom prime factor of least power
HCF = 7 × 13 = 91
Here HCF of 1001 and 910 is 91.
Hence among 91 students 1001 pens and 910 pencils can be distributed such that each student get same no. of pens and
pencils.
Q172.An electronic device makes a beep after every 60 seconds. Another device makes a beep after 62 seconds. They beeped together 4 Marks
at 10 a.m. At what time will they beep together at the earliest?

Ans: Interval of beeping together = LCM (60 seconds, 62 seconds)

The prime factorization of 60 and 62:
60 = 30 × 2, 62 = 31 × 2
∴ L.C.M of 60 and 62 is 30 31 × 2 = 1860 sec = 31min

∴ electronic device will beep after every 31 minutes

After 10 a.m., it will beep at 10hrs 31 minutes

Q173.Using Euclid’s division algorithm, find the largest number that divides 1251, 9377 and 15628 leaving remainders 1, 2 and 3, 4 Marks
respectively.

Ans: Since, 1, 2 and 3 are the remainders of 1251, 9377 and 15628, respectively.
Thus, after subtracting these remainders from the numbers.
We have the numbers, 1251 - 1 = 1250, 9377 - 2 = 9375 and 15628 - 3 = 15625 which is divisible by the required number.
Now, required number = HCF of 1250, 9375 and 15625 [for the largest number]
By Euclid's division algorithm,
a = bq + r .....(i)
[∵ dividend = divisor × quotient + remainder]
For largest number, put a = 15625 and b = 9375
15625 = 9375 × 1 + 6250 [from Eq. (i)]
⇒ 9375 = 6250 × 1 + 3150
⇒ 6250 = 3125 × 2 + 0
∴ HCF (15625, 9375) = 3125

Now, we take c = 1250 and d = 3125, then again using Euclid's division algorithm,
d = cq + r [from Eq. (i)]
⇒ 3125 = 1250 × 2 + 625
⇒ 1250 = 625 × 2 + 0
∴ HCF (1250, 9375, 15625) = 625

Hence, 625 is the largest number which divides 1251, 9377 and 15628 leaving remainder 1, 2 and 3, respectively.
Q174.Find the HCF and LCM of , 4 Marks
8 10

9 27

Ans: HCF( 8
,
10
,
16
) =
HCF of the numerators

9 27 81 LCM of the denominators

HCF(8,10,16)
=
LCM(9,27,81)

and
8 10 16 LCM of the numerators
LCM( , , ) =
9 27 81 HCF of the denominators

LCM(8,10,16)
=
HCF(9,27,81)

Consider,
8 = 23
10 = 2 × 5
16 = 24
So, the HCF(8, 10, 16) = 2 and LCM(8, 10, 16) = 24 × 5 = 80
9 = 32
27 = 33
81 = 34
So, the HCF(9, 27, 81) = 32 = 9 and LCM(9, 27, 81) = 34 = 81
and LCM(
8 10 16 2 8 10 16 80
⇒ HCF( , , ) = , , ) =
9 27 81 81 9 27 81 9

Q175.Without actually performing the long division, find if 987

10500
will have terminating or non-terminating (repeating) decimal 4 Marks
expansion. Give reasons for your answer.

Ans: 987

10500
=
2
3×7×47

1 3 1
=
2
47

3
2 ×3 ×5 ×7 2 ×5

As denominator has prime factors only in 2 and 5 so number 987

10500
is terminating decimal.
47 94
× 2 = = 0.094
3 3 1000
2 ×5

\begin{array}{c|c}
5 & 10500 \\
\begin{array}{c|c} \hline
3 & 987 \\ 3 & 2100 \ \hline
\hline 7 & 700 \ \hline
7 & 329 \ \hline 5 & 100 \ \hline
& 47 5 & 20 \ \hline
\end{array} 2 & 4 \ \hline
&2
\end{array}
Q176.Six bells commence tolling together and toll at intervals of 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 minutes respectively. In 30 hours, how many times do 4 Marks
they toll together?

Ans: 2 = 2 × 1
4=2×2
6=2×3
8=2×2×2
10 = 2 × 5
12 = 2 × 2 × 3
L.C.M. of 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 minutes
= 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 5 = 120 minutes
= 2 hours
After every 2 hours they toll together,
Required number of times = ( 30

2
+ 1)

= 16 times
Q177.Find the largest number which divides 546 and 764, leaving remainders 6 and 8 respectively. 4 Marks

Ans: 546 and 764 are divided by the largest number leaving remainers 6 and 8 respectively.
546 - 6 = 540
764 - 8 = 756
So, 540 and 756 are exactly divisible by the required number.
Thus, the required number is the HCF of 540 and 756
540 = 22 × 33 × 5
756 = 22 × 33 × 7
HCF(540, 756) = 22 × 33 = 108
which is the required number.
Q178.Prove that the square of any positive integer is of the form 3m or, 3m + 1 but not of the from 3m + 2. 4 Marks

Ans: Let, n be any positive integer

We know that positive integer n is a in the form of 3q, (3q + 1) and (3q + 2), where q is some integer
Case 1: When n = 3q
Squaring of both sides
⇒ n2 = (3q)2
⇒ n2 = 9q2
⇒ n2 = 3q(3q)
⇒ n2 = 3m [where m = q(3q)]
Case 2: When n = (3q + 1)
Squaring of both sides
⇒ n2 = (3q + 1)2
⇒ n2 = 9q2 + 6q + 1
⇒ n2 = 3q(3q + 2) + 1
⇒ n2 = 3m + 1 [Where m = q(3q + 2)]
Case 3: When n = (3q + 2)
Squaring of both sides
⇒ n2 = (3q + 2)2
⇒ n2 = 9q2 + 12q + 4
⇒ n2 = 9q2 + 12q + 3 + 1
⇒ n2 = 3(3q2 + 4q + 1) + 1
⇒ n2 = 3m + 1 [Where m = (3q2 + 4q + 1)]
Thus, them case 1, case 2 and case 3, it is proved that square of any positive odd integer is of the form 3m, (3m + 1) but not of
the form (3m + 2).
Q179.If a and b are two odd positive integers such that a > b, then prove that one of the two numbers and is odd and thea+b

2
a−b

2
4 Marks
other is even.

Ans: Let a = 2q + 3 and b = 2q + 1 be two positive odd integers such that a > b
2q+3+2q+1 4q+4
Now, an odd number
a+b
= = = 2q + 2 =
2 2 2
(2q+3)−(2q+1) 2q+3−2q−1
and an odd number
a−b 2
= = = = 1 =
2 2 2 2

Hence one of the two numbers a+b

2
and a−b

2
is odd and the other is even for any two positive odd integer.
Q180.In a seminar, the number of participants in Hindi, English and mathematics are 60, 84 and 108 respectively. Find the minimum 4 Marks
number of rooms required, if in each room, the same number of pa

Ans: To find the minimum number of rooms required first find the maximum number of participants that can be accomodated in each
room such that the number of participants in each room is same.
This can be determined by finding the HCF of 60, 84 and 108.
60 = 22 × 3 × 5
84 = 22 × 3 × 7
108 = 22 × 32
HCF = 22 × 3
= 12
So, the minimum number of rooms required
Total number of participants
=
12
60+84+108
=
12

= 21

Q181.Three measuring rods are 64cm, 80cm and 96cm in length. Find the least length of cloth that can be measured an exact number 4 Marks
of times, using any of the rods.

Ans: Let us find the LCM of 64, 80 and 96 through prime factorization:
2 64 2 96
2 80
2 32 2 48
2 40
2 16 2 24
2 20
2 8 2 12
2 10
2 4 2 6
5
2 3

64 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 = 26
80 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 5 = 24 × 5
96 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 = 25 × 3
L.C.M. of 64, 80 and 96
= 26 × 5 × 3 = 64 × 15
= 960cm = 9.6m
Therefore, the least length of the cloth that can be measured an exact number of times by the rods of 64cm, 80cm and 96cm =
9.6m
Q182.Show that one and only one out of n, n + 4, n + 8, n + 12 and n + 16 is divisible by 5, where n is any positive integer. 4 Marks

Ans: Consider the numbers n, (n + 4), (n + 8), (n + 12) and (n + 16), where n is any positive integer.
Suppose n = 5q + r, where 0 ≤ r < 5
n = 5q, 5q + 1, 5q + 2, 5q + 3, 5q + 4
(By Euclid's division algorithm)
Case I:
When n = 5q.
n = 5q is divisible by 5.
n + 4 = 5q + 4 is not divisible by 5.
n + 8 = 5q + 5 + 5 + 3 = 5(q + 1) + 3 is not divisible by 5.
n + 12 = 5q + 10 + 2 = 5(q + 2) + 2 is not divisible by 5.
n + 16 = 5q + 15 + 1 = 5(q + 3) + 1 is not divisible by 5.
Case II:
When n = 5q + 1.
n = 5q + 1 is not divisible by 5.
n + 4 = 5q + 1 + 4 = 5(q + 1) is not divisible by 5.
n + 8 = 5q + 1 + 5 + 3 = 5(q + 1) + 4 is not divisible by 5.
n + 12 = 5q + 1 + 12 = 5(q + 2) + 3 is not divisible by 5.
n + 16 = 5q + 1 + 16 = 5(q + 3) + 2 is not divisible by 5.
Case III:
When n = 5q + 2.
n = 5q + 2 is not divisible by 5.
n + 4 = 5q + 2 + 4 = 5(q + 1) + 1 is not divisible by 5.
n + 8 = 5q + 2 + 8 = 5(q + 2) is not divisible by 5.
n + 12 = 5q + 2 + 12 = 5(q + 2) + 4 is not divisible by 5.
n + 16 = 5q + 2 + 16 = 5(q + 3) + 3 is not divisible by 5.
Case IV:
When n = 5q + 3.
n = 5q + 3 is not divisible by 5.
n + 4 = 5q + 3 + 4 = 5(q + 1) + 2 is not divisible by 5.
n + 8 = 5q + 3 + 8 = 5(q + 2) + 1 is not divisible by 5.
n + 12 = 5q + 3 + 12 = 5(q + 3) is not divisible by 5.
n + 16 = 5q + 3 + 16 = 5(q + 3) + 4 is not divisible by 5.
Case V:
When n = 5q + 4.
n = 5q + 4 is not divisible by 5.
n + 4 = 5q + 4 + 4 = 5(q + 1) + 3 is not divisible by 5.
n + 8 = 5q + 4 + 8 = 5(q + 2) + 2 is not divisible by 5.
n + 12 = 5q + 4 + 12 = 5(q + 3) + 1 is not divisible by 5.
n + 16 = 5q + 4 + 16 = 5(q + 4) is not divisible by 5.
Hence, in each case, one and only one out of n, n + 4, n + 8, n + 12 and n + 16 is divisible by 5.
Q183.Find the leash number of square tiles required to pave the ceiling of a room 15m 17cm long and 9m 2cm broad. 4 Marks

Ans: Length of room = 15m 17cm

= 1500cm + 17cm = 1517cm
Breadth of room = 9m 2cm
= 900cm + 2cm = 902cm
Now, H.C.F. of 1517 and 902 is 41
Thus, area of each tile = (41 × 41) = 1681 sq. cm
Hence, required number of tiles = 1517×902

1681
= 814

Q184.The traffic lights at three different road crossing change after every 48 secons, 72 seconds and 108 seconds respectively. If they 4 Marks
all change simultaneously at 8 a.m. then at what time will

Ans: Let us find the LCM of 48, 72 and 108 through prime factorisation:
2 48 2 72 2 108

2 24 2 36 2 54

2 12 2 18 3 27

2 6 3 9 3 9

3 3 3

48 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 = 24 × 3
72 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 = 23 × 32
108 = 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 3 = 22 × 33
LCM of 48, 72, 108 is 24 × 33
= 16 × 27sec
= 432sec
=7min 12sec
Three bells toll together after 7min 12sec.
Q185.If the HCF of 408 and 1032 is expressible in the form 1032m - 408 × 5, find m. 4 Marks

Ans: Given that two positive integers 408 and 1032 and 1032 > 408.
So, appliying Euclid’s division algorithem
1032 = 408 × 2 + 216 …..(i)
408 = 216 × 1 + 192 …..(ii)
216 = 192 × 1 + 24 …..(iii)
192 = 24 × 6 + 0 …..(iv)
So, HCF of 408 and 1032 is divison of eq. (iv) and remainder of eq. (iii) i.e. 24.
HCF (408, 1032) = 1032m - 408 × 5
⇒ 24 = 1032m - 2040
⇒ 1032m = 2040 + 24
⇒ 1032m = 2064
2064
⇒ m =
1032

⇒m=2
Thus, m = 2.
Q186.Prove that if a positive integer is of the form 6q + 5, then it is of the form 3q + 2 for some integer q, but not conversely. 4 Marks

Ans: To Prove: that if a positive integer is of the form 6q + 5 then it is of the form 3q + 2 for some integer q, but not conversely.
Proof: Let n = 6q + 5
Since any positive integer n is of the form of 3k or 3k + 1, 3k + 2
If q = 3k
Then, n = 6q + 5
⇒ n = 18k + 5(q = 3k)
⇒ n = 3(6k + 1) + 2
⇒ n = 3m + 2(where m = (6k + 1))
If q = 3k + 1
Then, n = (6q + 5)
⇒ n = (6(3k + 1) + 5)(q = 3k + 1)
⇒ n = 18k + 6 + 5
⇒ n = 18k + 11
⇒ n = 3(6k + 3) + 2
⇒ n = 3m + 2(where m = (6k + 3))
If q = 3k + 2
Then, n = (6q + 5)
⇒ n = (6(3k + 2) + 5)(q = 3k + 2)
⇒ n = 18k + 12 + 5
⇒ n = 18k + 17
⇒ n = 3(6k + 5) + 2
⇒ n = 3m + 2(where m = (6k + 5))
Consider here 8 which is the form 3q + 2 i.e. 3 × 2 + 2 but it can’t be written in the form 6q + 5. Hence the converse is not true.
Q187.Use Euclid's algorithm to find HCF of 1190 and 1445. express the HCF in the form 1190m + 1445n. 4 Marks

Ans: Using Euclid's algorithm

HCF of (1190 and 1445).
1445 = 1190 × 1 + 255
1190 = 255 × 4 + 170
255 = 170 × 1 + 85
170 = 85 × 2 + 0
HCF = 85
Now,
85 = 255 - 170
= (1445 - 1190 × 1) - (1190 - 225 × 4)
= (1445 - 1190 × 1) - (1150 - (1445 - 1190 × 1) × 4)
= 1445 - 190 × 1 - 1190 + 1445 × 4 - 1190 × 4
= 1445 × 5 - 1190 × 6
= 85
Q188.Write whether the square of any positive integer can be of the form 3m + 2, where m is a natural number. Justify your answer. 4 Marks

Ans: By Euclid's division lemma, b = aq + r

Where a, b, q, r are +ve integers and here a = 3 then b = 3q + r then 0 ≤ r < 3 or r = 0, 1, 2, so b become b = 3q, 3q + 1, 3q + 2,
b = 3q
⇒ (b)2 = (3q)2
⇒ b2 = 3. 3q2 = 3m where, 3q2 = m
So, as b2 is perfect square so 3m will also be perfect square.
When r = 1, b = 3q + 1
⇒ (b)2 = (3q + 1)2
⇒ b2 = 9q2 + 1 + 2 × 3q
⇒ b2 = 3[3q2 + q] + 1
⇒ b2 = 3m + 1 and m = 3q2 + 2q
So, b2 is perfect square or a number of the form 3m + 1 is perfect square.
When r = 2, b = 3q + 2
⇒ b2 = 9q2 + 4 + 2. 3q. 2
= 9q2 + 3 + 3 × 4q + 1
= 3[3q2 + 1 + 4q] + 1
⇒ b2 = 3m + 1
Again, a number of the form 3m + 1 is perfect square,
Hence, a number of the form (3m + 2) can never be perfect square.
But a number of the form 3m, and 3m + 1 are perfect squares.
Q189.Use Euclid’s division algorithm to find the HCF of 441, 567, 693. 4 Marks

Ans: Let a = 693, b = 567 and c = 441 By Euclid's division algorithmes,

By Euclid's division algorithms,
a = bq + r .....(i)
[∵ dividend = divisor × quotient + remainder]
First we take, a = 693 and b = 567 and find their HCF.
693 = 567 × 1 + 126
567 = 126 × 4 + 63
126 = 63 × 2 + 0
∴ HCF (693, 567) = 63

Now, we take c = 441 and say d = 63, then find their HCF.
Again, using Euclid's division algorithm,
c = dq + r
⇒ 441 + 63 × 7 + 0
∴ HCF (693, 567, 441) = 63

Q190.Prove that √5 is an irrational number. 3 Marks

Ans: Let √5 be rational.

∴ √5 =
a

b
, b ≠ 0. are positive integers, HCF(a, b) = 1
On squaring,
2
a
5 = 2
b
2
2 a
b =
5

⇒ 5 divides a2
⇒ 5 divides a also.
a = 5m, for some +ve integer m.
2
2 25m
b =
5
2 2
b = 5m

⇒ 5 divides b2
⇒ 5 divides b also
⇒ 5 divides a and b both.
Which is the contradiction to the fact that HCF(a, b) = 1
Hence our assumption is wrong.
√5 is irrational.

Q191.Prove that 3 + √2 is an irrational number. 3 Marks

Ans: Let 3 + √2 be a ratoinal number = a

∴ √2 = (a − 3)

Since (a - 3) is rational and √2 is irrational

⇒ a contradiction

Hence 3 + √2 is not a rational number

So, it is irrational number.
Q192.Find HCF and LCM of 404 and 96 and verify that HCF × LCM = Product of the two given numbers. 3 Marks

Ans: Using the factor tree for the prime factorization of

404 and 96, we have
400 = 22 × 101 and 96 = 25 × 3
To find the HCF, we list common prime factors and their smallest exponent in 404 and 96 as under:
Common prime factor = 2, Least exponent = 2
2
∴ HCF = 2 = 4

To find the LCM, we list all prime factors of 404 and 96 and their greatest exponent as follows:
Prime factors of 404 and 96 Greatest Exponent
2 5
3 1
101 1

∴ LCM = 25 × 31 × 1011
= 25 × 31 × 1011
= 9696
Now,
HCF × LCM = 9696 × 4 = 38784
Product of two numbers = 404 × 96 = 38784
Therefore HCF × LCM = Product of two numbers.
Q193.Use Euclid Division Lemma to show that the square of any positive integer is either of the form 3q or 3q + 1 for some integer q. 3 Marks

Ans: Any positive integer ‘n’ can be of the form 3m, 3m + 1, 3m + 2 (for some integer m)
2 2 2 2
∴ n = (3m) = 9m = 3(3m ) = 3q,

n2 = (3m + 1)2 = 9m2 + 6m + 1

= 3(3m2 + 2m) + 1 = 3q + 1
n2 = (3m + 2)2 = 9m2 + 12m + 3 + 1
= 3(3m2 + 4m + 1) + 1 = 3q + 1
Hence square of any positive integer is either of the form 3q or 3q + 1 for some integer q.
Q194.Find the sum of all multiples of 7 lying between 500 and 900. 3 Marks

Ans: Multiples of 7 between 500 and 900 are

504, 511, 518 ....896
Here a = 504
d = 7 (As it forms an AP)
896 = 504 + (n - 1)7
⇒ (n - 1)7 = 896 - 504 = 392
392
⇒ n − 1 = = 56
7

⇒ n = 57
So, their sum
Sn =
n

2
(a+l) where, l is the last term
57
S57 = (504 + 896)
2
57
= (1400)
2

= 57(700)

= 39200

Q195.Prove that√3 is an irrational number. 3 Marks

Ans: Let us suppose that √3 be a rational number

p
∴ Let √3 = , p, q are integers q ≠ 0 and p and q are coprimes
q
2
p 2
2 2
⇒ 3 = 2
or p = 3q ⇒ 3 divides p
q

Hence 3 divides p ................. (i)

Let p = 3a, where a is an integer
2 2 2 2 2
∴ 9a = 3q ⇒ q = 3a ⇒ 3divides q

Hence 3 divides q ............... (ii)

But p and q are coprimes, hence a contradiction
∴ √3 is not rational, Hence√3 is irrational.

Q196.Use Euclid’s Division Lemma to show that the square of any positive integer is either of the form 3m or 3m + 1 for some integer 3 Marks
m.

Ans: Let x be any positive integer, then it is of the

form 3q, 3q + 1 or 3q + 2
2 2 2
∴ x = (3q) = 3(3q) = 3m

2 2 2
or x = (3q + 1) = 3(3q + 2q) + 1 = 3m + 1

2 2 2
or x = (3q + 2) = 3(3q + 4q + 1) + 1 = 3m + 1.

Q197.Show that 5 − 2√3is an irrational number. 3 Marks

Ans: Let us assume that5 − 2√3is rational

∴ x = 5 − 2√3, where x is a rational
5−x
∴ 2√3 = 5 − x or √3 = . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (i)
2
As x is a rational, 5 – x is also rational
and so is
5−x

As√3 is irrational

∴ (i) presents a contradiction

∴ x is not rational

i.e 5 − 2√3 is irrational.

Q198.The area of a circular play ground is 22176cm2. Find the cost of fencing this ground at the rate of ₹ 50 per metre. 3 Marks

Ans: Given, area of a circular playground = 22176cm2

2 2
∴ πr = 22176 [∵ area of circle = πr ]
22 2 2
⇒ r = 22176 ⇒= r = 1008 × 7
7

2
⇒ r = 7056 ⇒ r = 84cm

∴ circumference of a circle = 2πr

22
= 2 × × 84
7

= 44 × 12 = 528m

∴cost of fencing this ground = 528 × 50 = ₹ 26400

Q199.Prove that √2 is an irrational number. 3 Marks

Ans: Let √2 is rational.

p
∴ √2 = where p and q are co-prime integers and q ≠ 0.
q

⇒ √2q = p

2 2
⇒ 2q = p . . . (1)
2
⇒ 2 divides p

⇒ 2 divides p . . . (A)

Let p = 2c where c is an integer

⇒ p2 = 4c2
⇒ 2q2 = 4c2 [from (1)]
⇒ q2 = 2c2
⇒ 2 divides q2
⇒ 2 divides q ...(B)
From statement (A) and (B), 2 divides p and q both that means p and q are not co-prime which contradicts our assumption.
So, our assumption is wrong.
Hence √2 is irrational.
Proved.
Q200.Prove that 2 + 3√3 is an irrational number when it is given that √3 is an irrational number. 3 Marks

Ans: To prove: 2 + 3√3 is irrational, let us assume that 2 + 3√3 is rational.

; b ≠ 0 and a and b are integers.
a
2 + 3√3 =
b

⇒ 2b + 3√3b = a

⇒ 3√3b = a − 2b
a−2b
⇒ √3 =
3b

Since a and b are integers so, a - 2b will also be an integer.

So, a−2b
will be rational which means √3 is also rational.
3b

But we know √3 is irrational (given).

Thus, a contradiction has risen because of incorrect assumption.
Thus, 2 + 3√3 is irrational.
Q201.Using Euclid’s Algorithm, find the largest number which divides 870 and 258 leaving remainder 3 in each case. 3 Marks

Ans: HCF of (870 - 3) and (258 - 3)

= 827 and 255
Euclid division algorithm:
a=b×q+r
Where a is dividend, b is divisor, q is quotient and r is remainder. It must follow:
0≤r<b
H.C.F of 867 and 255
867 = 255 × 3 + 102
255 = 102 × 2 + 51
102 = 51 × 2 + 0
So H.C.F of 867 and 255 is 51.
Q202.Find the largest number which on dividing 1251, 9377 and 15628 leaves remainders 1, 2 and 3 respectively 3 Marks
Ans: 1251 - 1 = 1250, 9377 - 2 = 9375, 15628 - 3 = 15625
Required largest number = HCF(1250, 9375, 15625)
1250 = 2 × 54
9375 = 3 × 54
6250 = 2 × 55
4
∴ HCF(1250, 9375, 15625) = 5 = 625

Q203.Had Aarush scored 8 more marks in a Mathematics test, out of 35 marks, 7 times these marks would have been 4 less than 3 Marks
square of his actual marks. How many marks did he get in the test?

Ans: Let actual marks be x'

ATQ 7(x + 8) = x2 - 4
x2 - 7x - 60 = 0
x2 - 12x + 5x - 60 = 0
(x - 12)(x + 5) = 0
x = 12, x = -5 (rejecting)
∴ Actual marks obtained by Aarush = 12

Q204.Using Euclid’s Algorithm, find the HCF of 2048 and 960. 3 Marks

Ans: 2048 = 960 × 2 + 128

960 = 128 × 7 + 64
128 = 64 × 2 + 0
∴ HCF(2048, 960) = 64

Q205.Three sets of English, Mathematics and Science books containing 336, 240 and 96 books respectively have to be stacked in such 3 Marks
a way that all the books are stored subject wise and the higher

Ans: Let us find the HCF of 336, 240 and 96 through prime factorization:
2 336 2 240 2 96

2 168 2 120 2 48

2 84 2 60 2 24

2 42 2 30 2 12

3 21 3 15 2 6

7 5 3

336 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 7 = 24 × 3 × 7
240 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 5 = 24 × 3 × 5
96 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 = 25 × 3
Each stack of book will contain 48 books
Number of stacks of the same height
240 336 96
= + +
48 48 48

= 5 + 7 + 2 = 14

Q206.Very-Short-Answer Questions: 3 Marks

Simplify:

Ans: (2√45+3√20)

2√ 5

(2√45+3√20)
...(Rationlising the denominator)
2√5
= ×
2√5 2√5

2√5(2√45+3√20)
=
20

4√45×5+6√20×5
=
20
2 2 2 2
4√3 ×5 +6√2 ×5
=
20
4(3×5)+6(2×5)
=
20
60+60
=
20

= 6

Q207.Express the following as a fraction in simplest form: 3 Marks

¯¯
¯¯¯
¯¯¯
0.365

Ans: Let x = 0.365 ¯¯

¯¯¯
¯¯¯

∴ x = 0.3656565 … (1)

10x = 3.656565 … (2)

1000x = 365.656565 … (3)

On subtracting equation (2) from (3), we get

990x = 362
362
⇒ x =
990
181
=
495
¯¯
¯¯¯
¯¯¯

Hence, 0.365 =
181

495

Q208.Using Euclid's algortihm, find the HCF of: 3 Marks

405 and 2520

Ans: On dividing 2520 by 405, we get

Quotient = 6, Remainder = 90
∴ 2520 = (405 × 6) + 90

Dividing 405 by 90, we get

Quotient = 4,
Remainder = 45
∴ 405 = 90 × 4 + 45

Dividing 90 by 45
Quotient = 2, Remainder = 0
∴ 90 = 45 × 2

∴ H.C.F. of 405 and 2520 is 45

Q209.Using prime factorization, find the HCF and LCM of: 3 Marks
96, 404

Ans: 96 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3
404 = 2 × 2 × 101
LCM (96 and 404) = 25 × 3 × 101 = 9696
HCF (96 and 404)= 22=4
Verification:
HCF × LCM = 9696 × 4 = 38784
product of given numbers = 96 × 404 = 38784
⇒ HCF × LCM = Product of given numbers verified.
Q210.Show that is irrational.
√2
3 Marks
3

Ans: If possible, let √2

be rational.
3

⇒
1

3
√2 is rational.
Now, 3 is rational, 1

3
√2 is rational.
⇒ (3 ×
1

3
√2) is rational.
⇒ √2 is rational.
This contradicts the fact that √2 is irrational.
√2
The contradiction arises by assuming that 3
is rational.
Hence, is irrational.
√2

Q211.If n is an odd integer, then show that n2 - 1 is divisible by 8. 3 Marks

Ans: Let a = n2 - 1 .....(i)

Given that, n is an odd integer.
∴ n = 1, 3, 5

From Eq. (i), at n = 1, a = (1)2 - 1 = 1 - 1 = 0,

Which is divisible by 8.
From Eq. (i), at n = 3, a = (3)2 - 1 = 9 - 1 = 8,
which is divisible by 8.
From Eq. (i), at n = 5, a = (5)2 - 1 = 25 - 1 = 24 = 3 × 8,
which is divisible by 8.
From Eq. (i), at n = 7, a = (7)2 - 1 = 49 - 1 = 48 = 6 × 8,
which is divisible by 8.
Hence, (n2 - 1) is divisible by 8, where n is an odd integer.
Alternate Answer
We know that an odd integer n is of the from (4q + 1) or (4q + 3) for some integer q.
Case I:
when n = 4q + 1
in this case, we have
(n2 - 1) = (4q + 1)2 - 1
= 16q2 + 1 + 8q - 1 [∵ (a + b)2 = a2 + 2ab + b2]
= 16q2 + 8q = 8q (2q + 1)
=16q2 + 8q = 8q (2q + 1)
Which is clearly, divisible by 8.
Case II:
When n = 4q + 3
In this case, we have
(n2 - 1) = (4q + 3)2 - 1
= 16q2 + 9 + 24q - 1 [∵ (a + b)2 = a2 + 2ab + b2]
= 16q2 + 24q + 8
= 8(2q2 + 3q + 1)
which is clearly divisible by 8.
Hence, (n2 - 1) is divisible by 8.
Q212.Write whether every positive integer can be of the form 4q + 2, where q is an integer. Justify your answer. 3 Marks

Ans: 'No'. By Euclid's division lemma, we have

dividend = divisor × quotient + remainder
a = bq + r
Let b = 4 then
a = 4q + r where q, r are positive
Since 0 ≤ r < 4 ∴ r = 0, 1, 2, 3
So, a become of the form, 4q, 4q + 1, 4q + 2 and 4q + 3
So, all integers can be3 represented by all 4q, 4q + 1, 4q + 2, and 4q + 3 not only by 4q + 2.
Q213.Find the smallest number which when increased by 17 is exactly divisible by both 468 and 520. 3 Marks

Ans: The smallest number which when increased by 17 is exactly divisible by both 520 and 468 is obtained by subtracting 17 from the
LCM of 520 and 468
468 = 22 × 32 × 13
520 = 23 × 5 × 13
LCM = 23 × 32 × 5 × 13
= 4680
Smallest number which when increased by 17 is exactly divisible by both 520 and 468 = 4680 - 17 = 4663
Q214.The HCF of two numbers is 27 and their LCM is 162. If one of the number is 81, find the other. 3 Marks

Ans: Let the number be a and 81

HCF × LCM = product of the two numbers
27 × 162 = 81a
a = 54
So, the other number is 54
Q215.Short-Answer Questions: 3 Marks
Explain why 3.1416 is a rational number.
¯¯
¯¯¯
¯¯¯
¯¯¯

p
Ans: The number of the form q
, where p and q are integers and q ≠ 0 are called rational numbers.
Let x = 3.1416
¯¯
¯¯¯
¯¯¯
¯¯¯

⇒ x = 3.141614161416... ...(i)
Since there are four repeating digits,
We multiply by 1000
⇒ 1000x = 31416.14161416... ...(ii)
Subtracting (i) from (ii), we get
999x = 31416
31416
⇒ x =
999
p
Which is of the form q
.

So, 3.1416 is a rational number.

¯¯
¯¯¯
¯¯¯
¯¯¯

Q216.Find the least number which when divided by 20, 25, 35 and 40 leaves remainders 14, 19, 29 and 34 respectively. 3 Marks

Ans: LCM of 20, 25, 35, and 40 = 1400

Now,
20 - 6 = 14
25 - 6 = 19
35 - 6 = 29
40 - 6 = 34
So, (1400 - 6 = 1394) will have remainder of 14, 19, 29, and 34 when divided by 20, 25, 35, and 40 resp.
= 1394
Q217.Using prime factorization, find the HCF and LCM of: 3 Marks
1152, 1664

Ans: 1152 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 = 27 × 32
1664 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 = 27 = 128
HCF (1152, 1664) = 27 = 128
LCM (1152, 1664) = 27 × 32 × 13 = 14976
HCF × LCM = 1916928
1152 × 1664 = 1916928
⇒ HCF × LCM = product of given numbers
Hence verified.
Q218.Find the least number which when divided by 35, 56 and 91 leaves the same remainder 7 in each case. 3 Marks

Ans: The smallest number which when divided by 35, 56 and 91 can be determined by finding the LCM of 35, 56 and 91
35 = 5 × 7
56 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 7 = 23 × 7
91 = 7 × 13
LCM = 23 × 5 × 7 × 13
= 3640
The smallest number that when divided by 35, 56, 91 leaves a reminder 7 in each case
= 3640 + 7 = 3547
Q219.Prove that following numbers are irrationals: 3 Marks
3

2√ 5

Ans: Let us assume that 3

is rational.
2√ 5

Then, there exist positive co-primes a and b such that,

3 a
=
2√ 5 b

3 b
√5 =
2 a

√5 is rational. This is a contradication.

Thus 3
is irrational.
2√5

Q220.Show that every positive integer is either even or odd. 3 Marks

Ans: Let 'a' be a given positive integer.

On dividing 'a' by 2, let q be the quotient and r be the remainder.
Then, by Euclid's algorithm, we have
a = 2q + r, where 0 ≤ r < 2
⇒ a = 2q + r, where r = 0, 1
⇒ a = 2q or a = 2q + 1
When a = 2q for some integer q, then clearly 'a' is even.
When a = 2q + 1 for some integer q, then clearly 'a' is odd.
Thus, every positive integer is either even or odd.
Q221.Short-Answer Questions: 3 Marks
Write a rational number between

Ans: We have, √3 = 1.732 …

Since 1.732... < 1.8 < 2
So, 1.8 is a rational number that lies between √3 and 2
Q222.Using prime factorization, find the HCF and LCM of: 3 Marks
144, 198

Ans: 144 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 = 24 × 32
198 = 2 × 3 × 3 × 11 = 2 × 32 × 11
HCF (144, 198) = 2 × 32 = 18
LCM (144, 198) = 24 × 32 × 11 = 1584
HCF × LCM = 28512
144 × 198 = 28512
⇒ HCF × LCM = product of given numbers
Hence verified.
Q223.Prove that following numbers are irrationals: 3 Marks
4 + √2

Ans: Let us assume that 4 + √2 is rational number.

∴ 4 + √2 = where, a and b are positive co-prime numbers.
a

b
a
⇒ √2 = − 4
b
a−4b
⇒ √2 =
b

We know that √2 in an irratonal.

This contradicts our assumption that 4 + √2 is a rational number.
Hence, 4 + √2 must be irrational.
Q224.Short-Answer Questions: 3 Marks
Explain why 0.15015001500015... is an irrational number.

Ans: The numbers which when expressed in decimal form are expressible as non-terminating and non-repeating decimals are known
as irrational numbers.
Clearly, 0.15015001500015... is a non-terminating and non-repeating decimal.
Hence, it is irrational.
Q225.Prove that the square of any positive integer of the form 5q + 1 is of the same form. 3 Marks

Ans: Let n = 5q + 1 where q is a positive integer

2 2
∴ n = (5q + 1)

= 25q2 + 10q + 1
= 5(5q2 + 2q) + 1
= 5m + 1, where m is some integer
Hence, the square of any positive integer of the form 5q + 1 is of the same form.
Q226.Prove that for any prime positive integer p, √p is an irrational number. 3 Marks

Ans: Given that p is a prime positive integer.

Let us assume p is rational number and there exist two positive integer a and b which are co-prime such that
a
√p = b
… (1)

squaring both sides,

2
a
⇒ p =
2
b
2 2
⇒ pb = a … (2)
2
⇒ p|a

⇒ p|a … (3)

Let a = pc some positive integer c.

put a = pc in equation (2)
2 2 2
⇒ pb = p c
2 2
⇒ b = pc
2
⇒ p|b

⇒ p|b … (4)

From equation (3) and (4), p is common factor of a and b.

This is the constraction of our assumption because a and b are co-prime (no common factor other than.)
Thus, √p is an irrational numbers.
Q227.Show that 5 − 2√3 is an irrational number. 3 Marks

Ans: Let us assume that 5 − 2√3 is a rational number.

∴ 5 − 2√3 = where, a and b are positive co-prime number.
a

b
a
⇒ 5 − = 2√3
b
5b−a
⇒ = 2√ 3
b
5b−a
⇒ = √3
2b

We know that √3 is an irrational number.

This contradicts our assumption that 5 − 2√3 is a rational number.
Hence, 5 − 2√3 must be irrational.
Q228.Express the following as a fraction in simplest form: 3 Marks
¯
¯¯¯
¯¯
0.24

Ans: Let x = 0.24 ¯

¯¯¯
¯¯

∴ x = 0.2424 … (1)

100x = 24.2424 … (2)

On subtracting equation (1) from (2), we get

99x = 24
8
⇒ x =
33

8̄
∴ 0.24 =
33

Q229.Find the HCF of 1008 and 1080 by prime factorization method. 3 Marks

Ans: 1008 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 7
= 2 4 × 32 × 7
1080 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 5
So, the HCF = 23 × 32 = 72
Q230.Using Euclid's algortihm, find the HCF of: 3 Marks
504 and 1188

Ans: On dividing 1188 by 504, we get

Quotient = 2, Remainder = 180
∴ 1188 = 504 × 2+ 180

Dividing 504 by 180

Quotient = 2, remainder = 144
∴ 504 = 180 × 2 + 144

Dividing 180 by 144, we get

Quotient = 1, Remainder = 36
Dividing 144 by 36
Quotient = 4, Remainder = 0
∴ H.C.F. of 1188 and 504 is 36

Q231.The HCF of two numbers is 145 and their LCM is 2175. If one of the numbers is 725, find the other. 3 Marks

Ans: Let the two numbers be a and b.

HCF × LCM = ab
⇒ 145 × 2175 = 725 × b
⇒ b = 435
So, the other number is 435
Q232.Give prime factorisation of 4620. 3 Marks

Ans: 4620 = 2 × 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × 11
= 22 × 3 × 5 × 7 × 11 is the prime factorisation of 4620
Q233.Show that any positive odd integer is of the form (4m + 1) or (4m + 3), where m is some integer. 3 Marks

Ans: Let 'a' be a given positive odd integer.

On dividing 'a' by 4, let 'q' be the quotient and 'r' be the remainder.
Then, by Euclid's algorithm, we have
a = 4m + r, where 0 ≤ r < 4
⇒ a = 4m + r, where r = 0, 1, 2, 3
⇒ a = 4m or a = 4m + 1 or a = 4m +2 or a = 4m + 3
But, a = 4m and a = 4m + 2 = 2(2m +1) are clearly even.
Thus, when 'a' is odd, it is of the form a = (4m + 1) or (4m + 3) for some integer m.
Q234.Show that the square of an odd positive integer can be of the form 6q + 1 or 6q + 3 for some integer? 3 Marks

Ans: We know that any positive integer can be of the form 6m, 6m + 1, 6m + 2, 6m + 3, 6m + 4 or 6m + 5, for some integer m.
Thus, an odd positive integer can be of the form 6m + 1, 6m + 3, or 6m + 5 Thus we have:
(6m + 1)2 = 36m2 + 12m + 1 = 6(6m2 + 2m) + 1 = 6q + 1, q is an integer.
(6m + 3)2 = 36m2 + 36m + 9 = 6(6m2 + 6m + 1) + 3 = 6q + 3, q is an integer.
(6m + 5)2 = 36m2 + 60m + 25 = 6(6m2 + 10m + 4) + 1 = 6q + 1, q in an integer.
Thus, the square of an odd positive integer can be of the form 6q + 1 or 6q + 3.
Q235.Express the following as a fraction in simplest form: 3 Marks
0.8̄

Ans: Let
x = 0.8̄

∴ x = 0.888 … (1)

10x = 8.888 … (2)

On subtracting equation (1) from (2), we get

9x = 8
8
⇒ x =
9
8̄
∴ 0.8 =
9

Q236.Using Euclid's algortihm, find the HCF of: 3 Marks

960 and 1575

Ans: Dividing 1575 by 960, we get

Quotient = 1, Remainder = 615
∴ 1575 = 960 × 1 + 615

Dividing 960 by 615, we get

Quotient = 1, Remainder = 345
∴ 960 = 615 × 1 + 345

Dividing 615 by 345

Quotient = 1, Remainder = 270
∴ 615 = 345 × 1 + 270

Dividing 345 by 270, we get

Quotient = 1, Remainder = 75
∴ 345 = 270 × 1 + 75

Dividing 270 by 75, we get

Quotient = 3, Remainder =45
∴ 270 = 75 × 3 + 45

Dividing 75 by 45, we get

Quotient = 1, Remainder = 30
∴ 75 = 45 × 1 + 30

Dividing 45 by 30, we get

Remainder = 15, Quotient = 1
∴ 45 = 30 × 1 + 15

Dividing 30 by 15, we get

Quotient = 2, Remainder = 0
∴ H.C.F. of 1575 and 960 is 15

Q237.Prove that √p + √q is irrational, where p, q are primes. 3 Marks

Ans: Let us suppose that √p + √q is rational,

again, let √p + √q = a, where a is rational.
∴ √q = a − √p

On squaring both sides, we get

2 2 2 2
q = a + p − 2a√p [ ∵ (a − b) = a + b − 2ab]
2
a +p−q
∴ √p = 2a
, which is a contradiction as the right hand side is rational number while √p is irrational, since p and q are
prime number.
Hence, √p + √q is irrational.
Q238.Prove that √5 is irrational. 3 Marks

Ans: Let us assume, to the contrary, that √5 is rational.

so, we can find co-prime integers a and (b ≠ 0) such that
a
√5 =
b

⇒ √5b = a

Squaring on both sides, we get

5b2 = a2
Therefore, 5 divides a2
Therefore, 5 divides a
So, we can write
a = 5c for some integer c.
Substituting for a, we get
5b2 = 25c2
⇒ b2 = 5c2
This means that 5 divides b2, and so 5 divides b.
Therefore a and b have at least 5 ts a common factor.
But this contradicts the fact that a and b have no common factors other than 1.
This contradiction has arisen because of our incorrect assumption that √5 is rational.
So. we conclude that √5 is irrational.
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Q239.If the HCF of 657 and 963 is expressible in the form 657x + 963x - 15, find x. 3 Marks

Ans: 9 = 45 - 36
= 45 - (306 - 45 × 6)
= 45 - 306 + 45 × 6
= 45 × 7 - 306 = [657 - (306 × 2)] × 7 - 306
= 657 × 7 - 306 × 14 - 306
= 657 × 7 - 306 × 15
= 657 × 7 - (963 - 657) × 15
= 657 × 7 - 963 × 15 + 657 × 15
= 657 × 22 - 963 × 15
= 657 × 22 + 963 × (-15)
= 657 × x + 963 × (-15)
Comparing, we get
x = 22
Q240.An army contingent of 616 members is to march behind an army band of 32 members in a parade. The two groups are to march 3 Marks
in the same number of columns. What is the maximum number of columns in which they can march?

Ans: We are given that an army contingent of 616 members is to march behind an army band of 32 members in a parade. The two
groups are to march in the same number of columns. We need to find the maximum number of columns in which they can
march.
Members in army = 616
Members in band = 32.
Therefore,
Maximum number of columns = H.C.F of 616 and 32.
By applying Euclid’s division lemma
616 = 32 × 19 + 8
32 = 8 × 4 + 0
Therefore, H.C.F = 8
Hence, the maximum number of columns in which they can march is 8.
Q241.Find the smallest number which when divided by 28 and 32 leaves remainders 8 and 12 respectively. 3 Marks

Ans: The smallest number which when divided by 28 and 32 can be determined by finding the LCM of 28 and 32
28 = 22 × 7
32 = 25
LCM = 25 × 7
= 224
The smallest number that when divided by 28 and 32 leaves a reminder 8 and 12
= 224 - 8 - 12 = 204
Q242.Prove that the following are irrational: 3 Marks
1

√2

Ans: 1

√2

Let us assume, to the contrary, that 1

is rational.
√2

So, we can find coprime integers a and b(≠ 0) such that

1 a b
⇒ = ⇒ √2 =
b a
√2

Since, a and b are integers, is rational, and so √2 is irrational

So, we conclude that, 1

is irrational.
√2

Q243.Express the following as a fraction in simplest form: 3 Marks

0.12̄<

Ans: Let x = 0.12̄

∴ x = 0.1222 … (1)

10x = 12.222 … (2)

On subtracting equation (1) from (2), we get

9x = 12
12
⇒ x =
9
¯
¯¯¯
¯¯
12
∴ 0.12 =
9

Q244.Show that the following numbers are irrational. 3 Marks

√2

Ans: Let, us assume that 1

is rational.
√2

Then, there exist positive co primes a and b such that,

1 a
=
√2 b

2
1 a
= ( )
√2 b
2
1 a
⇒ =
2
2 b
2 2
⇒ b = 2a
2 2
⇒ 2|b (∵ 2|2a )

⇒ 2|b

⇒ b = 2c for some positive integer c

2 2
⇒ 2a = b

2 2
⇒ 2a = 4c (∵ a = pc)

2 2
⇒ a = 2c

2 2
⇒ 2|a (∵ 2|2c )

⇒ 2|b

⇒ 2|b and 2|b

This contradicts the fact that a and b are co-primes.

Hence is irrational
1

√2

Q245.Show that the square of an odd positive integer is of the form 8q + 1, for some integer q. 3 Marks

Ans: To Prove: that the square of an odd positive integer is of the form 8q + 1, for some integer q.
Proof: Since any positive integer n is of the form 4m + 1 and 4m + 3
if n = 4m + 1
⇒ n2 = (4m + 1)2
⇒ n2 = (4m)2 + 8m + 1
⇒ n2 = 16m2 + 8m + 1
⇒ n2 = 8m(2m + 1) + 1
⇒ n2 = 8q + 1(q = m(2m + 1))
If n = 4m + 3
⇒ n2 = (4m + 3)2
⇒ n2 = 16m2 + 24m + 9
⇒ n2 = 8(2m2 + 3m + 1) + 1
⇒ n2 = 8q + 1(q = (2m2 + 3m + 1))
Hence n2 integer is of the form 8q + 1, for some integer q.
Q246.Using prime factorization, find the HCF and LCM of: 3 Marks
396, 1080

Ans: 396 = 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 11 = 22 × 32 × 11
1080 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 5 = 23 × 33 × 5
HCF (396, 1080) = 22 × 32 = 36
LCM (396, 1080) = 23 × 33 × 11 × 5 = 11880
HCF × LCM = 427680
144 × 198 = 427680
⇒ HCF × LCM = product of given numbers
Hence verified.
Q247.Can two numbers have 18 as their HCF and 380 as their LCM? Give reasons. 3 Marks

Ans: As we Know that

HCF(a, b) × LCM(a, b) = (a × b)
18 must be factor of 380.
So, should be a natural number.
380

But is not a natural number of 380 is not divisible by 18.

380

So, 380 and 18 are not the LCM and HCF of any two number.
Q248."The product of three consecutive positive integers is divisible by 6". Is this statement true or false"? Justify your answer. 3 Marks

Ans: Yes, the given statement is true.

Three consecutive positive integers are n, (n + 1), (n + 2). Out of 3 consecutive integers, one will be even and other will be
divisible by 3.
So, the product of all three becomes dividsible by 6,
e.g., 13, 14, 15 here 14 is even, 15 is divisible by 3.
So, 13 × 14 × 15 is divisible by 6.
Q249.Express the following as a fraction in simplest form: 3 Marks
2.24̄<

Ans: Let x = 2.24̄

∴ x = 2.2444 … (1)

10x = 22.2444 … (2)

100x = 224.444 … (3)

On subtracting equation (2) from (3), we get

90x = 202
202
⇒ x =
90
101
=
45
¯¯
¯¯¯
¯¯¯

Hence, 2.24 =
101

Q250.Prove that if x and y are both odd positive integers then x2 + y2 is even but not divisible by 4. 3 Marks

Ans: Let the two odd positive numbers be x = 2k + 1 and y = 2p + 1

Hence x2 + y2 = (2k + 1)2 + (2p + 1)2
= 4k2 + 4k + 1 + 4p2 + 4p + 1
= 4k2 + 4p2 + 4k + 4p + 2
= 4(k2 + p2 + k + p) + 2
Clearly notice that the sum of square is even the number is not divisible by 4
Hence if x and y are odd positive integers, then x2 + y2 is even but not divisible by 4
Q251.The numbers 525 and 3000 are both divisible only by 3, 5, 15, 25 and 75. What is HCF (525, 3000)? Justify your answer. 3 Marks

Ans: The numebr 525 and 3000 both are divisible by 3, 5, 15, 25, and 75. So, highest common factor out of 3, 5, 15, 25 and 75 is 75 of
HCF of (525, 3000) is 75.
Verification: 525 = 5 × 5 × 3 × 7 = 3 × 52 × 71
3000 = 23 × 53 × 31 = 23 × 31 × 53
HCF = 31 × 52 = 75
Hence, verified.
Q252.Prove that the square of any positive integer is of the form 5q, 5q + 1, 5q + 4 for some integer q. 3 Marks

Ans: Let a be the positive integer, and

Let a = 5m, then
a2 = (5m)2 = 25m2
= 5(5m2) = 5q
Where q = 5m2
and a = (5m + 1) then
a2 = (5m + 1)2
= 25m2 + 10m + 1
= 5(5m2 + 2m) + 1
= 5q + 1 where q = 5m2 + 2m
and let a = 5m + 4, then
a2 = (5m + 4)2 = 25m2 + 40m + 16
= 25m2 + 40m + 15 + 1
= 5(5m2 + 8m + 3) + 1
= 5q + 1 where q = 5m2 + 8m + 3
and a = 5m + 2, then
a2 = (5m + 2)2
= 25m2 + 20m + 4
= 5(5m2 + 4m) + 4
= 5q + 4 where q = 5m2 + 4m
and a = 5m + 3, then
a2 = (5m + 3)2 = 25m2 + 30m + 9
= 25m2 + 30m + 5 + 4
= 5(5m2 + 6m + 1) + 1
= 5q + 4 where q = 5m2 + 6m + 1
Hence proved.
Q253.Use Euclid’s division lemma to show that the square of any positive integer is either of the form 3m or 3m + 1 for some integer 3 Marks
m.
[Hint: Let x be any positive integer then it is of the form 3q, 3q + 1 or 3q + 2. Now square each of these and show that they can
be rewritten in the form 3m or 3m + 1.]

Ans: Let a be any positive integer and b = 3.

Then a = 3q + r for some integer q ≥ 0
And r = 0, 1, 2 because 0 ≤ r < 3
Therefore, a = 3q or 3q + 1 or 3q + 2 Or,
a2 = (3q)2 or (3q + 1)2 or (3q + 2)2
a2 = 9q2 or 9q2 + 6q + 1 or 9q2 + 12q + 4
= 3 × (3q2 ) or 3(3q2 + 2q) or 3(3q2 + 4q +1)
= 3k1 or 3k2 + 1 or 3k3 + 1
Where k1, k2, and k3 are some positive integers.
Hence, it can be said that the square of any positive integer is either of the form 3m or 3m + 1.
Q254.Prove that 3 + 2√5 is irrational. 3 Marks

Ans: answere
Q255.Prove that the following are irrational: 3 Marks
6 + √2

Ans: Let us assume to the contrary, that √2 is rational.

Q256.Find how many integers between 200 and 500 are divisible by 8. 2 Marks

Ans: Number divisible by 8 are 208, 216, 224 .... 496.

Which is an A.P.
Given: a1 = 208, d = 8 and l = 496
Let the numbers of terms in A.P. be n.
∴ an = a + (n - 1)d = l

208 + (n - 1)d = 496

(n - 1)8 = 496 - 208
208
n − 1 = = 36
8

n = 36 + 1 = 37
Hence, required number divisible by 8 = 37.
Q257.Find the greatest number which divides 85 and 72 leaving remainders 1 and 2 respectively. 2 Marks

Ans: We have to find the greatest number which divides 85 and 72 leaving remainder 1 and 2 respectively.
Let assume that x be the greatest number which divides 85 and 72 leaving remainder 1 and 2 respectively.
So, it means
x divides 85 - 1 = 84
and
x divides 72 - 2 = 70
So, from this we concluded that
⇒ x divides 84 and 70
⇒ x = HCF (84, 70)
Now, to find HCF(84, 70), we use method of prime factorization.
Prime factors of 84 = 2 × 2 × 3 × 7
Prime factors of 70 = 2 × 5 × 7
So,
⇒ HCF (84, 70) = 2 × 7 =] 14
⇒ x = 14
Hence, 14 is the greatest number which divides 85 and 72 leaving remainder 1 and 2 respectively.
Q258.Find the number of all three-digit natural numbers which are divisible by 9. 2 Marks

Ans: To find: Number of terms of A.P.

A.P. = 108, 117, 126, … 999
Ist term, a= 108
Common difference, d = 117 - 108 = 9
an = 999

a + (n − 1)d = an

∴ 108 + (n − 1)9 = 999

⇒ (n − 1)9 = 999 − 108 = 891
891
⇒ (n − 1) = = 99
9

∴ n = 99 + 1 = 100

Q259.Find the number of natural numbers between 101 and 999 which are divisible by both 2 and 5. 2 Marks

Ans: Number divisible by both 2 and 5 are 110, 120,130,…,990

Here a = 110, d = 120 - 110 = 10
an = 990
As a + (n – 1) d = 990
110 + (n – 1)10 = 990
(n – 1)(10) = 990 - 110 = 880
880
(n − 1) = = 88
10

∴ n = 88 + 1 = 89

Q260.Given that √2 is irrational, prove that (5 + 3√2) is an irrational number. 2 Marks

Ans: Let us assume that (5 + 3√2) is rational. Then there exist co-prime

Positive integers a and b such that,

a
5 + 3√ 2 =
b
a
3√2 = − 5
b
a−5b
√2 =
3b

is rational. [ ∵ a, b are integers, ∵ is rational]

a−5b
⇒ √2
3b

This contradicts the fact that √2 is irrational.

So, our assumption is incorrect.
Hence, (5 + 3√2) is an irrational number.
Q261.How many three−digit natural numbers are divisible by 7? 2 Marks

Ans: The first three digit number which is divisible by 7 is 105 and last three digit number which is divisible by 7 is 994.
This is an A.P. in which a = 105, d = 7 and l = 994.
Let the number of terms be n. Then tn = 994.
nth term of A.P = tn = a + (n - 1)d.
⇒ 994 = 105 + (n - 1)7.
⇒ 889 = 7(n - 1)
⇒ n - 1 = 127
∴ n = 128

∴There are 128 three digit numbers which are divisible by 7.

Q262.How many natural numbers are there between 1 and 1000 which are divisible by 5 but not by 2? 2 Marks

Ans: Numbers divisible by 5 but not by 2:

5, 15, 25, 35, …, 995
a = 5, d = 10, an = 995
⇒ a + (n - 1)d = 995
5 +(n - 1)10 = 995
⇒ (n - 1)10 = 990
⇒ n - 1 = 99
⇒ n = 100
Q263.Find how many two-digit numbers are divisible by 6. 2 Marks

Ans: The numbers are

12, 18, 24, -----, 96 which is an A.P.
a = 96, a = 12,
n

an = a + (n − 1)d

∴ 96 = 12 + (n − 1)6

⇒ n = 15.

Q264.Use Euclid's division algorith m to find the HCF of 255 and 867. 2 Marks

Ans: The given numbers are 255 and 867.

Now 867 > 255.
So, on applying Euclid's algorithm we get
867 = 255 × 3 + 102
Now the remainder is not 0 so,
we repeat the process again on 255 and 102
255 = 102 × 2 + 51
The algorithm is applied again but this time on the numbers 102 and 51
102 = 51 × 2 + 0
Thus, the HCF obtained is 51.
Q265.Find the least number which when divided by 12, 16 and 24 leaves remainder 7 in each case. 2 Marks

Ans: Least number when divided by 12, 16, 24, 36 and leaves remainder 0
= LCM of 12, 16, 24, 36
So, LCM leaves remainder 0
So, Required number will be 7 more than LCM
∴ Required number = LCM + 7

Factors of 12 = 2 × 3 × 2
Factors of 16 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2
Factors of 24 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 3
Factors of 36 = 2 × 2 × 3 × 3
∴ LCM = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 = 16 × 9 = 144

So, Required number = LCM + 7 = 144 + 7 = 151

Q266.Write the smallest number which is divisible by both 306 and 657. 2 Marks

Ans: Smallest number divisible by 306 and 657 = LCM (306, 657)
LCM(306, 657) = 22338
Q267.Show that every positive odd integer is of the form (4q + 1) or (4q + 3). where q is some integer. 2 Marks

Ans: According to Euclid's division lemma,

a = bq + r where 0 ≤ r < b
Now, let a be any odd positive integer and b = 4.
When 0 ≤ r < 4 so, the possible values of r will be 0, 1, 2, 3.
Now, the possible values of a will be thus, 4q, 4q + 1, 4q + 2, 4q + 3 where q is integer.
But, we already know that a is any odd positive integer.
So, a will be 4q + 1 and 4q + 3.
Q268.Check whether 12n can end with the digit 0 for any natural number n. 2 Marks

Ans: It cannot end with zero. because,

Here,the number is 12n.where n is called natural number.
Now, if 12n is to end with zero, it should have 2 and also 5 in its prime factors to end with zero. it needs at least a single multiple
of 5 or any number in its prime factors. so 12n cannot end with zero for any natural number.
Q269.Show that the number 5 × 11 × 17 + 3 × 11 is a composite number. 2 Marks

Ans: 5 × 11 × 17 + 3 × 11
= 11 × (5 × 17 + 3)
= 11 × 88 or 11 × 11 × 23
It means the number can be expressed as a product of two factors other than 1, therefore the given number is a composite
number.
Q270.Show that 5 + 2√7 is an irrational number, where √7 is given to be an irrational number. 2 Marks

Ans: Let us assume that 5 + 2√7 is not an irrational number.

∴ 5 + 2√7 is a rational number p i.e. 5 + 2√7 = p

Which is a contradiction as RHS is a rational but LHS is irrational.

Hence, 5 + 2√7 can not be rational, so irrational.
Q271.Find the HCF of 612 and 1314 using prime factorisation. 2 Marks

Ans: 612 = 22 × 32 × 17
1314 = 2 × 32 × 73
HCF(612, 1314) = 2 × 32 = 18
Q272.If HCF of 65 and 117 is expressible in the form 65n - 117, then find the value of n. 2 Marks

Ans: HCF(65, 117) = 13

13 = 65n - 117
Solving, we get, n = 2
Q273.Using prime factorization, find the HCF and LCM of: 2 Marks
30, 72, 432
Ans: 30 = 2 × 3 × 5
72 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 = 23 × 32
432 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 3 = 24 × 33
HCF (30, 72, 432) = 2 × 3 = 6
LCM (30, 72, 432) = 24 × 33 × 5 = 2160
Q274.What can you say about the prime factorisations of the 43 of the following rationals: 2 Marks
0.120120012000120000...

Ans: We have,
0.120120012000120000...
We can see that it is a non-terminating repeating decimal expersion.
So, its denominator has factors others them 2 or 5.
Q275.Without actually performing the long division, state whether state whether the following rational numbers will have a 2 Marks
terminating decimal expansion or a non terminating repeating decimal expansion.
129

2 7 17
2 ×5 ×7

Ans: Since the denominator is not of the form 2m 5n, and it also has 7 as its factor, the decimal expansion of 2
129
7 17
is non-
2 ×5 7

terminating repeating.
Q276.Write down the decimal expansions of the following rational numbers by writing their denominators in the form 2m × 5n, 2 Marks
where, m, n are non-negative integers.
13

125

Ans: The given number is

13
.
125
13 13 13
= =
125 3 3 0
5 5 ×2
3
13×2 13×8 104
= 3 3
= 3
= = 0.104
5 ×2 (10) 1000

Thus, the decimal expansion of is 0.014.

125

Q277.Using prime factorization, find the HCF and LCM of: 2 Marks
17, 23, 29

Ans: 17, 23 and 29 are prime numbers,

HCF (17, 23, 29) = 1
LCM (17, 23, 29) = 17 × 23 × 29 = 11339
Q278.Find the greatest number of four digits which is exactly divisible by 15, 24 and 36. 2 Marks

Ans: The greatest number four digit number = 9999

15 = 3 × 5
24 = 23 × 3
36 = 22 × 32
LCM = 23 × 32 × 5
= 360
On dividing 9999 by 360, remainder = 279
∴ the required number = 9999 - 279 = 9720

Q279.By what number should 1365 be divided to get 31 as quotient and 32 as remainder? 2 Marks

Ans: By Euclid's Division Algorithm, we have:

Dividend = (divisor × quotient) + remainder
1365 = (divisor × 31) + 32
1365−32
= divisor
31
1331
⇒ = divisor
31

∴ Divisor = 43

Q280.Find the largest four-digits number which when divided by 4, 7 and 13 leaves a reminder of 3 in each case. 2 Marks

Ans: So LCM (4, 7, 13) = 364

Largest 4 digit number = 9999
On dividng 9999 by 364 we get reaminder as 171
So 9999 - 171 = 9828 + 3 = 9831
Therefore 9831 is the number.
Q281.What can you say about the prime factorisations of the 43 of the following rationals: 2 Marks
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯
27.142857

Ans: We have
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯
27.142857

We can see that it is a non-terminating repeating decimal expersion.

So, its denominator has factors others them 2 or 5.
Q282.Find the greatest number that will divide 43, 91 and 183 so as to leave the same remainder in each case. 2 Marks

Ans: We have to find Greatest Factor

In this case, we have to find HCF with remainder (No mention of remainder in question)
Step:
1. Find the Differences of numbers
2. Get the HCF (that differences)
We have here 43, 91 and 183
1. So differences are
183 - 91 = 92,
183 - 43 = 140,
91 - 43 = 48.
Now,
2. HCF (48, 92 and 140)
As
48 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3,
92 = 2 × 2 × 23,
140 = 2 × 2 × 5 × 7
HCF = 2 × 2 = 4
And 4 is the required number.
Q283.Use Euclid division algorithm to find the HCF of: 2 Marks
867 and 255

Ans: We have 867 > 255,

So, we apply the division lemma to 867 and 255 to obtain
867 = 255 × 3 + 102
Here remainder 102 ≠ 0, we apply the division lemma again to 255 and 102 to obtain
255 = 102 × 2 + 51
Here remainder 51 ≠ 0, we apply the division lemma again to 102 and 51 to obtain
102 = 51 × 2 + 0
As the remainder is zero, the process stops.
The divisor at this stage is 51,
Therefore, HCF of 867 and 255 is 51.
Q284.A rational number in its decimal expansion is 327.7081. What can you say about the prime factors of q, when this number is 2 Marks
p
expressed in the form ? Give reasons.
q

Ans: 327.7081 is terminating decimal number. So, it represents a rational number and also its denominator must have the form 2m ×
5 n.
Thus, 327.7081 = 3277081 p
= (say)
10000 q

q = 10 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 5 × 5 × 5 × 5 = 24 × 54 = (2 × 5)4
∴
4

Hence, the prime factors of q is 2 and 5.

Q285.Find the largest number which divides 438 and 606, leaving remainder 6 in each case. 2 Marks

Ans: Largest number which divides 438 and 606, leaving remainder 6 is actually the largest number which divides 438 - 6 = 432 and
606 - 6 = 600, leaving remainder 0.
Therefore, HCF of 432 and 600 gives the largest number.
Now, prime factors of 432 and 600 are:
432 = 24 × 33
600 = 23 × 3 × 52
HCF = product of smallest power of each common prime factor in the numbers = 23 × 3 = 24
Thus, the largest number which divides 438 and 606, leaving remainder 6 is 24.
Q286.Using prime factorization, find the HCF and LCM of: 2 Marks
8, 9, 25

Ans: 8 = 2 × 2 × 2 = 23
9 = 3 × 3 = 32
25 = 5 × 5 = 52
HCF (8, 9, 25) = 1
LCM (8, 9, 25) = 23 × 32 × 52 = 1800
Q287.Examine whether is a terminating decimal.
17

30
2 Marks

Ans: 2, 3 and 5 are not the factors of 17.

30
is in its simplest form.
30 = 2 × 3 × 5 ≠ (2m × 5n)
Thus, is a non-terminating decimal.
17

Q288.Three pieces of timber 42m, 49m and 63m long have to be divided into planks of the same length. What is the greatest possible 2 Marks
length of each plank?

Ans: HCF of 42, 49, 63 = 7

1st plank i.e
42
= 6
7

nd
2 plank i.e
49
= 7
7

3rd plank i.e 63

7
= 9

Planks formed are = 6 + 7 + 9

= 22
Q289.Write down the decimal expansions of the following rational numbers by writing their denominators in the form 2m × 5n, 2 Marks
where, m, n are non-negative integers.
129
2 7
2 ×5

Ans: The given number is

129
2 2
.
2 ×5
5
129 125×2 129×32 4128
= = = = 0.0004128
2 7 7 7 7
2 ×5 (2 ×5 ) (10) 10000000

Thus, the decimal expansion of is 0.0004128

129
2 7
2 ×5

Q290.Use Euclid's division algorithm to find the HCF of: 2 Marks

196 and 38220

Ans: Given integers are 38220 and 196.

Clearly 38220 > 196. So we will apply Euclid’s division lemma to 38220 and 196, we 38220 = (196)(195) + 0 get,
The remainder at this stage is 0. So the divisor at this stage is the H.C.F.
So the H.C.F of 38220 and 196 is 196.
p
Q291.Write the condition to be satisfied by q so that a rational number has a terminating decimal expansion.
q
2 Marks
p
Ans: Let rational number be n which is in the form of q
.

is q which is not in the form of (2m × 5n), where

p
The condition for non-terminating decimal expansion is that denominator of q

m, n are non-negativ inteagrs.

Q292.What can you say about the prime factorisations of the 43 of the following rationals: 2 Marks
43.123456789

Ans: We have
43123456789
43.123456789 =
1000000000

we can write denominator 1000000000 is in the from of (2m × 5n).

Hence, 43.123456789 is terminating decimal, where m and n are non-negative integers.
Q293.Find the largest number which divides 320 and 457 leaving remainders 5 and 7 respectively. 2 Marks

Ans: Subtracting 5 and 7 from 320 and 457 respectively:

320 - 5 = 315,
457 - 7 = 450
Let us now find the HCF of 315 and 405 through prime factorization:
2 450
3 315
3 225
3 105
3 75
5 35
5 25
7
5

315 = 3 × 3 × 5 × 7
= 32 × 5 × 7
450 = 2 × 3 × 3 × 5 × 5
= 2 × 32 × 52
2
∴ H.C.F. of 315 and 450 is 3 × 5 = 9 × 5 = 45

∴ The required number is 45

Q294.Find the HCF and LCM of 12, 15, 18, 27. 2 Marks
Ans: To find the HCF, of 12, 15, 18, 27
we will find the prime factorisation of each number.
12 = 22 × 3
15 = 3 × 5
18 = 2 × 32
27 = 33
So, the HCF = 3
LCM = 22 × 33 × 5 = 540
Q295.Use Euclid's division algorithm to find the HCF of: 2 Marks
184, 230 and 276

Ans: Given integers are 184, 230 and 276.

Let us first find the HCF of 184 and 230 by Euclid lemma.
Clearly, 230 > 184. So, we will apply Euclid’s division lemma to 230 and 184.
230 = 184 × 1 + 46
Remainder is 46 which is a non-zero number. Now, apply Euclid’s division lemma to 184 and 46.
184 = 46 × 4 + 0
The remainder at this stage is zero. Therefore, 46 is the HCF of 230 and 184.
Now, again use Euclid’s division lemma to find the HCF of 46 and 276.
276 = 46 × 6 + 0
The remainder at this stage is zero.
Therefore, 46 is the HCF of 184, 230 and 276.
Q296.The decimal expression of the rational number will terminate after how many places of decimals. 2 Marks
43

4 3
2 ×5

Ans: The denominator of is 24 × 53 which is in the form of 2m × 5n where m and n are positive integers has terminating
43 43

4 3 4 3
2 ×5 2 ×5

decimals.
The decimal expansion of 4
43
3
terminates after 4 (the highest power is 4) decimal places.
2 ×5

Q297.Find the least number which should be added to 2497 so that the sum is exactly divisible by 5, 6, 4 and 3 2 Marks

Ans: L.C.M. of 5, 6, 4 and 3 = 60.

On dividing 2497 by 60, the remainder is 37.
∴ L.C.M. of 5, 6, 4 and 3 = 60. Number to be added = (60 - 37) = 23.

Q298.Using prime factorization, find the HCF and LCM of: 2 Marks
21, 28, 36, 45

Ans: 21 = 3 × 7
28 = 2 × 2 × 7 = 22 × 7
36 = 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 = 22 × 32
45 = 3 × 3 × 5 = 32 × 5
HCF (21, 28, 36, 45) = 1
LCM (21, 28, 36, 45) = 22 × 32 × 5 × 7 = 1260
Q299.Write down the decimal expansions of the following rational numbers by writing their denominators in the form 2m × 5n, 2 Marks
where, m, n are non-negative integers.
3

Ans: The given number is

3
.
8
3 3 3
= = 3 3
8 3
2 2 ×5
3
3×5 3×125 375
= 3 3
= = = 0.375
2 ×5 (10)3 1000

Thus, the decimal expansion of given rational number is 0.375

Q300.Without actually performing the long division, state whether state whether the following rational numbers will have a 2 Marks
terminating decimal expansion or a non terminating repeating decimal expansion.
77

210

Ans: The given number is and HCF(77, 210) = 7.

210
77 77÷7 11
∴ = =
210 210÷7 30

Here, 11

30
is in its simplest form.
Here, is in its simplest form.
77

210

Now, 30 = 2 × 3 × 5 is not of the form 2m × 5n.

So, the given number has a non-terminating repeating decimal expansion.
Q301. 2 Marks
Write down the decimal expansions of the following rational numbers by writing their denominators in the form 2m × 5n,
where, m, n are non-negative integers.
7

Ans:
7 7
=
80 4 1
2 ×5

(∵ 80 = 16 × 5 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 5 = 24 × 51)
{Multiplying and dividing by 53}
875
= = 0.0875
10000

Q302.Very-Short-Answer Questions: 2 Marks

If the product of two numbers is 1050 and their HCF is 25, find their LCM.<

Ans: HCF × LCM = Product of the two numbers

⇒ 25 × LCM = 1050
⇒ LCM = 42
Q303.Using prime factorization, find the HCF and LCM of: 2 Marks
36, 84

Ans: 36 = 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 = 22 × 3
84 = 2 × 2 × 3 × 7 = 22 × 3 × 7
HCF (36, 84) = 22 × 3 = 12
LCM (36, 84) = 22 × 32 × 7 = 252
HCF × LCM = 3024
36 × 84 = 3024
⇒ HCF × LCM = product of given numbers
Hence verified.
Q304.Using prime factorization, find the HCF and LCM of: 2 Marks
12, 15, 21

Ans: 12 = 2 × 2 × 3 = 22 × 3
15 = 3 × 5
21 = 3 × 7
HCF (12, 15, 21) = 3
LCM (12, 15, 21) = 22 × 3 × 5 × 7 = 420

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Test / Exam Name: Ch 1 Standard: 10th Subject: Mathematics

A irrational number B rational number C integer D natural Number

A 1 decimal place B 3 decimal places C None of these D 2 decimal places

Q8. H.C.F. of 26 and 91 is: 1 Mark

A √10 B √9 C √15 D √12

Q10. The LCM of two consecutive numbers is: 1 Mark

A Their difference B 0 C Their sum D Their product

A 1 B does not exist C 0 D 10

A an irrational number B a rational number C an integer D a natural number

Therefore, p is an irrational number.

It is given that HCF (65, 117) = 65m - 117.

A An integer. B A rational number. C A natural number. D An irrational number.

A composite numbers B prime numbers C twin primes D co-prime numbers

A An integer. B A rational number. C An irrational number. D None of these.

A both rational and irrational number B a rational number

Also, given that, HCF (65, 117) = 65m - 117 .....(ii)

A Irrational B Prime number C Rational D Integer

A an integer B a natural number C a rational number D an irrational number

A rational numbers B natural numbers C integers D irrational numbers

A 135 B 150 C 459 D 153

Q40. Which of the following is an irrational number? 1 Mark

Therefore, it is clear that a = 2q

(2) (30 ×3) × (2 × 30) = 90 × 60

Q47. The LCM of 23 × 32 and 22 × 33 1 Mark

A 100 B 150 C 120 D 80

HCF × LCM = Product of two natural numbers Other number

A HCF × LCM = a - b B HCF × LCM = a × b​ C HCF × LCM = a + b D None of these

A 9720 B 9999 C 9270 D 1000

A 0.3 B 0.2 C 0.1 D 0.5

Reason: is an irrational no.

Its denominator is of the form 2m x 5n

Reason: Multiplication of rational and irrational number is irrational.

Reason: (a + b)2 = a2 + b2 + 2ab.

Reason: The prime factor of 5 is 5.

Where n amd d is non zero number.

zeros to the right of the decimal point. 1

Q145.For any positive integer n, prove that n3 – n is divisible by 6. 5 Marks

Ans: By Euclid's division algorithm, we have a = bq + r, where 0 < r < 4 .....(i)

If r = 0 ⇒ a = 4q, 4q is divisible by 2 ⇒ 4q is even.

Ans: Let 5√2 is a rational number.

Ans: If possible, let √3 be rational and let its simplest form be a

...(On squaring both sides)

Since, a and b are integers, a

Ans: Let x = 4 − 5√2 be a rational number.

Since x is a rational number, x2 is also a rational number.

Ans: Consider the given numbers n, n + 2 and n + 4.

At n1 Divisible by 3 n 2 = n1 + 3 Divisible by 3 n 3 = n3 + 4 Divisible by 3

Q156.Show that (4 + 3√2)< 5 Marks

Ans: If possible, let (4 + 3√2) be rational.

This contradicts the fact that √2 is irrational.

Ans: Let a be any positive integer and b = 3

(x + 1000) (x - 750) = 0 ⇒ x = 750

Speed of plane = 750 km/h.

Ans: Let a be any positive integer.

Case-1: a = 5m ⇒ a2 = 25m2 = 5(5m2) = 5q

Ans: Let us assume (√2 + √5) is rational number

but √10 is irrrational

It means our assumption was wrong.

⇒ 2b2 + 16b - 480 = 0

Ans: Let the larger number = x

Ans: Let n​, n + 1, n + 2 be three consecutive positive integers.

Ans: If any number ends with the digit 0 or 5, it is always divisible by 5.

Ans: Let us asssume that √p + √q is rational.

Ans: Let a be any positive integer and b = 6. Then, by Euclid’s algorithm,

Ans: By Eudid's division Algorithm

Ans: Let us assume that √5 + √3 is a rational number.

Squaring both sides,

We know that √3 is an irrational number.

Ans: Total pens = 1001

Ans: Interval of beeping together = LCM (60 seconds, 62 seconds)

∴ electronic device will beep after every 31 minutes

After 10 a.m., it will beep at 10hrs 31 minutes

9 27 81 LCM of the denominators

Q175.Without actually performing the long division, find if 987

A HCF × LCM = a - b B HCF × LCM = a × b C HCF × LCM = a + b D None of these

Ans: Let n, n + 1, n + 2 be three consecutive positive integers.