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Constraints Assignment String Constraints, Surface Constraints

The document contains a series of exercises focused on constraints and pulley systems, requiring the derivation of relationships between velocities and accelerations of blocks connected by pulleys. It includes multiple scenarios with fixed and movable pulleys, as well as wedge constraints and pseudo forces in accelerated frames. The document concludes with an answer key providing the relations and values for each exercise.

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Prathamesh . M Laddhad
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5 views12 pages

Constraints Assignment String Constraints, Surface Constraints

The document contains a series of exercises focused on constraints and pulley systems, requiring the derivation of relationships between velocities and accelerations of blocks connected by pulleys. It includes multiple scenarios with fixed and movable pulleys, as well as wedge constraints and pseudo forces in accelerated frames. The document concludes with an answer key providing the relations and values for each exercise.

Uploaded by

Prathamesh . M Laddhad
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Exercise -1 (Problems on Constraints & Simple Pulley System)

Find the relation between 𝑢 and 𝑣 in following cases:

1. The pulley 𝐴 is smooth and fixed. The pulley 𝐵 is free to move. The velocity of
block 𝑚1 is 𝑢 in downward direction and velocity of 𝑚2 is 𝑣.

2. Movable pulley 𝑃 is smooth and light.

3. Pulley 𝐴 and 𝐵 are movable. The velocity of pulley 𝐵 is 𝑣 and velocity of 𝐴 is u.


4. Pulley 𝐴 and 𝐵 are light movable.

Find the relation among 𝑣1 , 𝑣2 and 𝑣3 in the following cases:

5. Blocks 𝐴 and 𝐵 are placed on the smooth horizontal table. A smooth light pulley
𝑃1 is movable but smooth pulley 𝑃2 is fixed. The velocities of blocks 𝐴, 𝐵 and 𝐶 are
𝑣1 , 𝑣2 and 𝑣3 respectively.

6. All ideal pulleys are fixed excepts pulley 𝑃3 . The velocities of 𝐴, 𝐵 and 𝐶 are 𝑣1 , 𝑣2
and 𝑣3 , respectively.
7. All ideal pulleys are fixed except pulleys 𝑃1 and 𝑃3 .
The velocities of masses 𝑚1 , 𝑚2 and 𝑚3 are 𝑣1 , 𝑣2 and 𝑣3 , respectively.

8. For the situation shown in figure, blocks are connected through light strings.
Light pulley 𝑃1 is movable while other smooth pulleys are fixed.

Find the relation between 𝑎1 and 𝑎2 in the following cases:

9. The smooth and light pulley 𝑃 is movable. The acceleration of blocks 𝐴 and 𝐵 are
𝑎1 and 𝑎2 , respectively.
10. All pulleys are smooth and light. The pulleys 𝑃2 and 𝑃3 are fixed, but 𝑃1 and 𝑃4 are
movable.

11. Block 𝐴 and 𝐵 are connected through light string passing through light smooth
pulleys as shown in figure.

All strings are massless and pulleys are fixed and smooth. Find acceleration of blocks:
12.
13.

14.

15.

16.
All strings are massless and inextensible. All pulleys are smooth and are massless.

Find acceleration of all blocks:


Answer Key
1. 𝑣 = 2𝑢

2. 𝑢 = 2𝑣

3. 𝑢 = 2𝑣

4. 𝑢 = 4𝑣

5. 𝑣1 + 𝑣2 = 2𝑣3

6. 𝑣2 + 𝑣3 = 2𝑣1

7. 2𝑣1 = 𝑣2 + 2𝑣3

8. 𝑣2 = 𝑣3 = 2𝑣1

9. 𝑎2 = 3𝑎1

10. 3𝑎1 = 2𝑎2

11. 5𝑎1 = 4𝑎2

12. 𝑔/9

13. 2𝑔/5

14. 2𝑔/15

15. 3𝑔/10
(𝑚1 sin 𝛼+𝑚2 sin 𝛽)𝑔
16.
𝑚1 +𝑚2

17. acceleration of 4 kg = 2.5 m/s2 down, acceleration of 1 kg = 5 m/s 2 up


𝑔 𝑔
18. acceleration of 2𝑀 = 6
down, acceleration of 𝑀 = 3
up the plane

2𝑔 𝑔
19. acceleration of 2𝑀 = 3
down, acceleration of 𝑀 = 3
up

2𝑔 𝑔
20. acceleration of 4 kg = down, acceleration of 5 kg = up
7 7

21. acceleration of 3 kg = 20 m/s2 and acceleration of 5 kg = 10 m/s2


9𝐹 3𝐹
22. acceleration of 𝐴 = 34𝑚, acceleration of 𝐵 = 17𝑚

𝑔 7𝑔
23. acceleration of 3𝑚 and 𝑚 are 13 and 13 , respectively.
24. acceleration of 8 kg, 4 kg and 2 kg are 2 m/s2 up, 2 m/s2 down, 6 m/s2 ,
respectively.

25. acceleration of 1 kg, 2 kg and 3 kg are 2 m/s2 down, 2 m/s2 and 6 m/s2 up,
respectively.
Exercise-2 (Wedge constraints & Pseudo force (accelerated frames)
In the questions below take the unit vectors as follows. Find the acceleration of smaller
block (B) w.r.t. ground in terms of accelerations of other blocks.

30. The system shown in figure is released from rest, calculate the value of
acceleration 𝑎 and 𝑏. (Where 𝑏 is w.r.t. to 𝐴 )

31. Find relation between acceleration of triangular block and sphere.


32. Find the acceleration of rod 𝐴 and wedge 𝐵. If 𝑀 = mass of wedge; 𝑚 = mass of
rod. All surfaces are smooth and the rod is restricted to move in the vertical
direction only.

33. A block of mass 𝑚 resting on a wedge of angle 𝜃 as shown in figure. The wedge is
given an acceleration 𝑎. What is the minimum value of 𝑎, so that the mass falls
freely?

34. A triangular block of mass 𝑀 rests on a smooth surface as shown in figure. A


cubical block of mass 𝑚 rests on the inclined surface. If all surfaces are
frictionless, find the force that must be applied to 𝑀, so as to keep 𝑚 stationary
relative to 𝑀.

35. A block slides down from top of a smooth inclined plane of elevation 𝜃 fixed in an
elevator going up with an acceleration 𝑎0 . The base of incline has length 𝐿. Find
the time taken by the block to reach the bottom.
36. A pendulum is hanging from a ceiling of a car having an acceleration 𝑎0 with
respect to the road. Find the angle made by the string with vertical at
equilibrium.
Answer Key
4𝑎
26. 3
𝐢ˆ

27. −𝑎𝐢ˆ − 4𝑎𝐣ˆ

28. 𝑎(cos 𝜃 − 1)𝐢ˆ − 𝑎sin 𝜃𝐣ˆ

29. 𝑎1 sin 45∘ = 𝑎2 sin 15∘

30. 𝑔cot 𝜃

31. (𝑀 + 𝑚)𝑔tan 𝜃

32. 𝑎𝐢ˆ − 2(𝑎 + 𝑐)𝐣ˆ


𝑏cos 𝜃 3𝑔sin 𝜃
33. 𝑎 = 3
;𝑏 = 3−cos2 𝜃

𝑚𝑔 𝑚𝑔tan 𝜃
34. 𝐴 = and 𝑎 =
𝑀cot 𝜃+𝑚tan 𝜃 𝑀cot 𝜃+𝑚tan 𝜃

𝑎
35. tan−1 ( 𝑔0 )

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