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AI Project Cycle Part 2 Class X

The document explains key concepts in machine learning, focusing on supervised and unsupervised learning. Supervised learning uses labeled data to train models, while unsupervised learning identifies patterns in unlabeled data. It also describes classification, regression, and clustering models, as well as the structure and functionality of artificial neural networks.

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10 views8 pages

AI Project Cycle Part 2 Class X

The document explains key concepts in machine learning, focusing on supervised and unsupervised learning. Supervised learning uses labeled data to train models, while unsupervised learning identifies patterns in unlabeled data. It also describes classification, regression, and clustering models, as well as the structure and functionality of artificial neural networks.

Uploaded by

reeshah.khan24
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Q.

1 Explain the following:


a. Supervised Learning
b. Unsupervised Learning
Ans a.∙Supervised learning is a learning in which we
teach or train the machine using data
which is well labelled that means some data is already
tagged with the correct answer.
After that, the machine is provided with a new set of
examples (data) so that
supervised learning algorithm analyses the training
data (set of training examples)
and produces a correct outcome from labelled data.
In other words, we can
say that the dataset is known to the person who is
training the machine only then
he/she is able to label the data.
b.Unsupervised Learning:
Unsupervised learning is the training of a machine
using information that is neither
classified nor labelled and allowing the algorithm to act
on that information without
guidance. Here the task of the machine is to group
unsorted information according to
similarities, patterns and differences without any prior
training of data.
Example of Supervised Machine Learning:
we are using a machine learning model to
learn about different breeds of dogs. We have a
list of dogs with their breed names, and we use
this information to teach the model. The model
tries to figure out which characteristics are
typically associated with each breed of dog.
After the model has learned enough, it can
guess which breed a dog belongs to, even if it
has never seen that specific dog before.
Example of Unsupervised Machine Learning:
The child knows what the family cat looks like
(provided they have one) but has no idea that
there are a lot of other cats in the world that
are all different. The thing is, if the kid sees
another cat, he or she will still be able to
recognize it as a cat through a set of features
such as two ears, four legs, a tail, fur, whiskers,
etc.

In machine learning, this kind of prediction is


called unsupervised learning. But when
parents tell the child that the new animal is a
cat – drumroll – that’s considered supervised
learning.
Q. 2. Draw the graphical representation of Classification AI model. Explain
in brief.
Ans. Classification: The classification Model works on the labelled data. For
example, we have 3 coins of different denomination which are labelled
according to their weight then the model would look for the labelled features
for predicting the output. This model works on discrete dataset which means
the data need not be continuous.
In classification, data is categorized under different labels according to some
parameters given in input and then the labels are predicted for the data.

Q. Draw the graphical representation of Regression AI model. Explain in


brief.
Ans. Regression: These models work on continuous data to predict the output
based on patterns. For example, if you wish to predict your next salary, then
you would put in the data of your previous salary, any increments, etc., and
would train the model. Here, the data which has been fed to the machine is
continuous.
Regression is the process of finding a model for distinguishing the data into
continuous real values instead of using discrete values. It can also identify the
distribution movement depending on the historical data.
Q. Draw the graphical representation of Clustering AI model. Explain in
brief.
Ans. Clustering: It refers to the unsupervised learning algorithm which can
cluster the unknown data according to the patterns or trends identified out of
it. The patterns observed might be the ones which are known to the
developer or it might even come up with some unique patterns out of it.
Clustering is the task of dividing the data points into a number of groups such

that data points in the same groups are more similar to other data points in
the same group and dissimilar to the data points in other groups. It is basically
a collection of objects on the basis of similarity and dissimilarity between
them.

Artificial Neural Network


1. What is Artificial Neural Network ?
Ans. An Artificial Neural Network is a software or circuit-based
simulation of a biological neural network. An ANN can be thought
of as an interconnected assembly of simple processing elements,
called units or nodes, whose functionality is loosely based on
biological neuron.
2. Explain the layers in an artificial neural network.

Ans. A neural network consists of three important layers:


Input Layer: As the name suggests, this layer accepts all the
inputs provided by the programmer.
Hidden Layer: Between the input and the output layer is a set
of layers known as Hidden layers. In this layer, computations
are performed which result in the output. Th0ere can be any
number of hidden layers
Output Layer: The inputs go through a series of
transformations via the hidden layer which finally results in the
output that is delivered via this layer.

3. How Neural network Works?


Ans. A Neural Network is divided into multiple layers and each
layer is further divided into several blocks called nodes. The first
layer of a Neural Network is known as the input layer. It's job is to
acquire data and feed it to the Neural Network. No processing
occurs at the input layer. Next to it, are the hidden layers. Hidden
layers are the layers in which the whole processing occurs. These
layers are hidden and are not visible to the user. There can be
multiple hidden layers in a neural network system. The last hidden
layer passes the final processed data to the output layer which
then gives it to the user as the final output.
4. What are the features of an Artificial Neural Network?

Ans. Any Artificial Neural Network, irrespective of the style and logic of
implementation, has a few basic features as given below.
● The Artificial Neural Network systems are modelled on the human
brain and nervous system.
● They are able to automatically extract features without feeding the
input by programmer.
● Every node of layer in a Neural Network is compulsorily a machine
learning algorithm.
● It is very useful to implement when solving problems for very huge
datasets.
For reference,👇no need to copy in your notebook

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