Computer Software
Computer Software
Software
Software refers to a set of
programs, instructions, or data
used to operate computers and
execute specific tasks.
OPERATING SYSTEM
A program that acts as an intermediary between a user of a computer and
the computer hardware is called an operating system. The operating
system is an essential component of the system software in a computer
system.
I. Disk Cleanup
Disk Cleanup is a function that comes with all versions of Windows Operating
Systems. Disk Cleanup allows for you to scan your entire hard drive to search
for extra room by deleting any unneccessary files such as temporary files from
the Internet and cookies that are downloaded when you visit webpages. You can
find Disk Cleanup in Windows XP by going to the Start menu → All Programs
→ Accessories → System Tools → Disk Cleanup.
V. Antivirus
It is used to scan computer for viruses and prevent the
computer system files from being corrupt.
Application Software
(Also known as ‘apps’) are designed to achieve a complete task or a set of tasks.
Application software consists of the programs for performing varied tasks particular to the
machine’s utilization. There are various examples of application software that include MS
Word, MS Excel, a console game, database systems, desktop publishing systems, program
development software, a library management system etc.
Programming Languages
A programming language is a set of commands, instructions, and other syntax use to create a software
program. Languages that programmers use to write code are called “high-level languages.” This code can
be compiled into a “low-level language,” which is recognized directly by the computer hardware.
Low-level languages are machine-centric and operate close to the computer's hardware. They are essential
for tasks where high efficiency and hardware control are required.
1.Key Characteristics:
1. Consist of instructions in machine code (binary: 0s and 1s).
2. Highly hardware-dependent and primitive.
3. Directly understood by the CPU.
2.Types of Low-Level Languages:
1. Machine Language:
1. The most fundamental language, directly executed by the CPU.
2. Consists of numerical codes.
3. Hardware-dependent and primitive in nature.
4. Tedious and complex to write programs in this language.
2. Assembly Language:
1. A more user-friendly symbolic representation of machine code.
2. Uses mnemonics to represent instructions (e.g., ADD, SUB).
3. Designed for specific processor families.
4. Easier to understand and program compared to machine language.
(b) High-Level Language : Writing programs was made
easier with time. Earlier languages that were developed
,during the development of computers required knowledge
of the internal workings of the computer, hence attempts
were made to ease the programming where the knowledge
on the the internal workings of the computer was not
required . High-level programming languages allowed the
specification of writing a program closer to those used by
human beings.