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Quantum Mechanics Notes

Quantum mechanics reveals that particles exhibit wave-particle duality, where observation influences their behavior. Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle states that precise measurement of position and speed cannot occur simultaneously, highlighting inherent uncertainty. Additionally, quantum tunneling allows particles to pass through barriers, demonstrating phenomena beyond classical physics explanations.

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6 views1 page

Quantum Mechanics Notes

Quantum mechanics reveals that particles exhibit wave-particle duality, where observation influences their behavior. Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle states that precise measurement of position and speed cannot occur simultaneously, highlighting inherent uncertainty. Additionally, quantum tunneling allows particles to pass through barriers, demonstrating phenomena beyond classical physics explanations.

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bkma14115
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Quantum Mechanics Notes

1. Wave-Particle Duality
- Tiny particles (like electrons and photons) can behave as both waves and particles.
- Double-Slit Experiment:
* When not observed, electrons create an interference pattern like waves.
* When observed, they act like particles and go through only one slit.
- Conclusion: Observation affects quantum behavior.

2. Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle


- It is impossible to know both the exact position and exact speed of a particle at the same time.
- The more precisely we measure position, the less we know about speed (and vice versa).
- This shows that nature is fundamentally uncertain at small scales.

3. Quantum Tunneling
- Particles can sometimes pass through barriers they normally couldn't.
- This happens because quantum particles exist in a probability wave rather than a fixed location.
- Examples:
* The Sun's nuclear reactions happen due to quantum tunneling.
* Flash memory (used in USB drives) relies on tunneling to store data.

Key Takeaways
- Particles can be both waves and particles.
- Observing a quantum object changes its behavior.
- We can't measure position and speed exactly at the same time.
- Particles can tunnel through barriers in ways classical physics can't explain.

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