©2015 Schneider Electric Software, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

All trademarks are owned by Schneider Electric Industries SAS or its affiliated companies or their respective owners.
Overview
 A Brief History of Simulation Sciences
> 1967: Simulation Sciences (SimSci) founded
> SP03 - distillation program
> 1974: SSI/100 - first flowsheet simulator
> 1979: PROCESS - keyword
> 1988: PRO/II - interactive
> 1995: PRO/II with PROVISION
> 1997: SimSci became a public company
> 1998: SimSci acquired by Siebe
> 1999: Siebe merged w/ BTR and renamed the company - Invensys
> 2014: Invensys acquired by Schneider Electric
> $20+ Billion France-based multinational company
> Specializes in electricity distribution, automation management and energy management components
> Employs more than 150,000 people worldwide

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 Where are we located?
Warrington

Calgary Munich
Paris
Salt Lake City
Milan
Philadelphia Shanghai Tokyo

Houston Barcelona Khobar

Seoul

Mexico City
Abu Dhabi
Bangkok

Hyderabad
Caracas
Singapore

Sao Paulo

Sydney

Buenos Aires

Contact Details: http://software.schneider-electric.com/support/simsci/

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 SimSci Solution Suite

Process Oil & Gas Dynamic On-Line

Engineering Production Solution Performance
PRO/II
DYNSIM
PIPEPHASE ROMeo
HEXTRAN
VISUAL FLARE OTS
INPLANT
NETOPT APC
EYESIM
DATACON

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 SimCentral

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PRO/II Basics
 What is PRO/II?

> Steady-state simulator

> No time dependent phenomena
> Exception: Depressuring unit
> Controllers & instrumentation are irrelevant

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 How does PRO/II solve?

> PRO/II is a sequential-modular simulator:

> Units solved one at a time
> Feeds must be known
> Recycles automatically handled

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 Desktop Environment
Tabs
Icons

Messages window
PFD Palette

Process Flow Diagram

(PFD)

Plots window

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 Color-Coded Entry Data

Data missing

Default value

User supplied
value

Warning

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 Color-Coded Entry Data Examples

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Seven Steps for Building a Simulation
 Simulation in Seven Steps

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Step 1: Setting the Units of Measure
 Units of Measure

> COMMON SOURCE OF ERRORS

> Predefined UOM Sets (UOM Library)

> English (default), Metric, SI
> Default can be changed globally (for future simulations)
> Input | Units Of Measure
> Can be changed for entire flowsheet
> Can be changed locally
> Can define custom set of UOM

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 Units of Measure
1998 MARS CLIMATE ORBITER TEAM FINDS LIKELY CAUSE OF LOSS
The flight system software on the Mars Climate Orbiter was written to take thrust instructions using the metric
units, while the software on the ground that generated those instructions used English units.
This error has since been known as the metric mix-up and has been carefully avoided in all missions since by
NASA.

"People sometimes make errors,“

Dr. Edward Weiler

NASA's Associate
Administrator for
Space Science

The cost of the mission was $327.6 million

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 Change UOM Locally

Change Units of Measure Convert value to new UOM

For example, For example,
32F  32C 32F  0C

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Step 2: Defining the Components
 Component Types

> Input | Component Selection or Component Properties

> Library component
> Petroleum component
> User-defined component
> Electrolytic component
> Polymer component

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 PRO/II Component Library

> Composite of several databanks

> Component selection by list or:
> Full Component Name
> SimSci Alias name
> Chemical Formula
> Match String
> Underlying data in our SIMSCI
databank comes from DIPPR and
that you can link the full DIPPR
databank to PRO/II

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 PRO/II Component Library

> Databank search order

> SIMSCI
> PROCESS

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 Component Properties

> Pure component data

> Thermophysical Properties
> Fixed
> Temperature-dependent
> Solid Properties
> Polymer Properties

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 TDM (Thermodynamic Data Manager)

> Input | Launch TDM

> Extremely powerful and advanced graphical tool
> Stores all component and thermodynamic property
information for all SimSci programs
> Users can:
> Create their own component and thermodynamic
databanks
> Perform data regression and property prediction to
complete missing component and thermodynamic data
> Use this information in any SimSci software application
for consistent results

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 Petroleum Components

> Normal Boiling Point

> Gravity
> Molecular Weight
> At least two of three required
> Typically use NBP & gravity

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Step 3: Selecting the Thermodynamics
 Thermodynamic Data

> Input | Thermo

> Required for all flowsheets
> Thermodynamic Property Methods
> K-values (phase behavior)
> Enthalpies (heat balances)
> Entropies (compression/expansion)
> Densities (heat transfer & pressure drop)
> Transport Property Methods
> Vapor & liquid – viscosities & thermal conductivities
> Surface Tension & liquid diffusivity
> 4 main methods: Pure, Petroleum, Trapp, User-
defined – depending on property additional options
are available

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 Example: Propane-Propylene Splitter

> Choice of Thermo strongly affects results!

Thermodynamic Condenser Reflux/Feed

System Duty Ratio
Peng-Robinson -59.6 13.1
Grayson-Streed -37.3 8.2

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 K-Value Calculation Methods

> Ideal
> Equation of State
> Liquid Activity
> Generalized Correlations
> Special Packages
> Electrolytes
> Polymers

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 Thermodynamic Selection

> The selection of a suitable thermo method is critical for the phase equilibrium and enthalpy prediction
of process simulation
> Poor selection leads to convergence with erroneous results Find these documents under
> Some simulators contain wizards to assist in the selection process Start | SimSci PROII 10.1 | PROII
Documentation 10.1
> Use with caution

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 K-value Models

> The Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium Model (VLE) is used to calculate the phase
separation for a mixture at a given temperature and pressure
> VLE Models are also referred to as K-value Models

yi
Ki 
xi
Ki = relativity volatility of component i

yi = vapor phase mole fraction of component i

xi = liquid phase mole fraction of component i

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 Thermodynamic Models

> No single Thermodynamic Model can be used to calculate the behavior of all mixtures
> Thermodynamic Models are derived from:
> Physical Laws
> Thermodynamic Constraints
> Regressed Data
> Process selection is guided by the following:
> Composition
> Pressure and Temperature
> Phase
> Availability of Data

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 K-value Models

> There are 4 approaches for K-value calculations:

> Cubic Equations of State (CEOS)
> Empirical
> Activity Coefficient
> Special Packages

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 Cubic Equations of State (CEOS)

> Derived from PVT relationships of the ideal gas law

> Main advantages
> Simple calculation
> Binary Interaction Parameters (BIP’s)
> Well suited for modeling:
> Real and ideal gasses
> Hydrocarbon mixtures
> Light gas mixtures
> A large range of temperatures and pressures
> Supercritical conditions
> Less reliable when the components are:
> Polar
> Non-Ideal (water, alcohols, etc)

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 Modified Cubic Equations of State

> Designed to improve the deficiencies of “standard CEOS”

> Can handle Vapor-Liquid-Liquid Equilibrium (VLLE)
> Contains better tuning parameters (asymmetric)
> Well suited for modeling:
> Polar
> Significantly different molecules
> Non-Ideal components (water, alcohols, etc)

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 Binary Interaction Parameters (BIP’s)

> All CEOS have two constants, an attraction parameter a and a repulsion parameter b
> Application of the equation of state to mixtures requires the evaluation of parameters a
and b using mixing rules

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 Interaction Parameters Example

> Effect of k12 on bubble point pressure of CO2 and pentadecane at 313.15 K
8

Pro/II
6
Bubble Point Pressure, MPa
No Interactions

5
Data

0
20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60

CO2 mol%
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 Activity Coefficient Methods

> Based on thermodynamic constraints on the liquid Activity Coefficient Methods

and assumes ideal gas behavior
> Well suited for modeling:
> Non-ideal liquids
> Molecules of different sizes
> Two liquid phases
> Low to medium pressures
> Less reliable when the components are:
> Light gas mixtures
> High pressure
> Paraffins

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 Generalized Correlations

> Grayson-Streed
> An enhancement to Chao-Seader
> Pure component liquid fugacities were re-correlated to extend the
temperature range of the Chao-Seader K-values
> New equations for liquid fugacity for hydrogen, methane and petroleum
components have been developed
> Main choice for Hydrocarbon fractions heavier than 30° API

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 Special Methods

> Alcohol
> The Alcohol data package uses a special set of NRTL binary interaction parameters for systems
containing alcohols, water and other polar components.
> Good for mixtures of one molecular type.
> The vapor enthalpy and density and the vapor and liquid entropies are calculated with the SRKM
equation of state.
> The liquid enthalpy and density are calculated using ideal methods.
> Glycol
> The Glycol package (GLYCOL) uses the SRK-Modified-Panagiotopoulos-Reid (SRKM) method to
calculate phase equilibria for glycol dehydration applications.
> The GLYCOL package is only applicable to TEG, and while it can be applied to EG and DEG
systems, results will not be as accurate.
> In addition to the light paraffins found in natural gas, the package can handle H2, N2, O2, CO2,
H2S, cycloparaffins and aromatic compounds.

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 Special Methods

> Sour
> The Sour package (SOUR) uses the SWEQ (Sour Water Equilibrium) method developed by
Grant Wilson for a joint API/ EPA project.
> Sour systems in which both NH3 and H2O are present.
> Temperatures in the range 68 - 300 degrees F and pressures up to 1500 psia may be
considered.
> GPA Sour Water
> This model (GPSWATER) was developed for the Gas Processors Association in 1990 for sour
water systems containing NH3, H2S, CO2, CO, CS2, MeSH, EtSH and H2O.
> Sour water systems which contain NH3, H2S and CO2 at pressures less than 2000 psia and
temperatures in the range 68 - 600 degrees F.

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 Special Methods

> Amine
> The Amine Package (AMINE) may be used to model the removal of H2S and CO2 from natural
gas feeds using aqueous amine systems.
> Amines included in the package are primary amines MEA and DGA, secondary amines DEA
and DIPA, and the tertiary amine MDEA.
> A separate model is supplied for each amine. A single amine and water should be included in
the component slate. Including more than one amine is discouraged.
> The acid-base equilibrium reactions are written as chemical dissociations following the
approach of Kent and Eisenberg.

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 Calculation with Two Liquid Phases

> Water decant option > Rigorous VLLE calculations

= HC+W = HC+W

= pure water = W+HC

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 Water Decant Option

Vapor

Water Vapor
VLE K-values
Pressure

Liquid Pure
Water
Water Solubility

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 Rigorous VLLE Calculations

Vapor

VLE K-values VLE K-values

Liquid 1 Liquid 2
LLE K-values

Must enable two-liquid phase calculations

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 Hydrocarbon Systems

Refining Processes:
> Grayson-Streed > SOUR, GPSWATER
- Hydrogen rich systems - Sour water systems
- Crude tower > SRKK, SRKM, SRKS, IGS
- Vacuum unit - Use if H/C solubility in liquid water (VLLE)
- Coker fractionator is important
- FCC main fractionator
> SRK and PR
- Light ends columns
- Splitters
- Gas recovery plants
- Hydrogen rich systems (SRKM)

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 Hydrocarbon Systems

Gas Processing:
> SRK and PR > AMINE
- All types of processing plants, cryogenic - Natural gas sweetening
systems > SRKK, IGS, SRKM, SRKS
> SRKM, PRM, and SRKS - Use if light gas solubility in water (VLLE) is
- Systems with water, methanol, and other important
polar components
> GLYCOL
- Dehydration with TEG
- Improved for aromatic emissions
- Based on SRKM

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 Online Thermodynamic Help

> Reference Manual

> Detailed technical reference
> Application Guidelines
> When to use each method

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Step 4: Building the Flowsheet
 Simplify the Flowsheet by...

> Removing control valves and instrumentation

PI PI TI
TI

LC
LC LC

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 Simplify the Flowsheet by...

> Grouping units if desired

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 Adding Units & Streams to the Flowsheet

1) 2) 3)

4) 5)

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 Be Aware of Defaults

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Step 5: Supplying the Stream Data
 Stream Attributes

> Thermal Condition

> Flowrate
> Stream Type
> Composition Defined
- Stream defined in terms of library components, petro
components, and user defined components
> Petroleum Assay
- Distillation data is used to define the stream’s composition in
terms of pseudocomponents
> Imported from Spiral Assay
- One or more crude oil streams can be imported from Spiral
CrudeSuite
> Referenced to another defined Stream
- The current stream (target stream) will have the same
composition as another (reference) stream
> Solids Only Stream

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 Thermal Condition Data

> Pressure
> Temperature
> Liquid Fraction or Phase
> Saturated liquid at bubble point
> Saturated vapor at dew point
> Specify two of these properties

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 Compositional Streams

> Consist of:

> Library or user-defined pure components
> Petroleum components

> Composition and flowrate bases

> Molar (default)
> Weight
> Volume (liquid or gas)

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 Assay Streams

> Required Data > Optional Data

> Distillation Curve > Light Ends Analysis
> Gravity Data > Molecular Weight Data

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 Exercise: Naphtha Assay – Part 1
English Units SI Units

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 Reference Streams

> Attributes defined in terms of another stream

> Composition
> Rate (molar)*
> Temperature*
> Pressure*

* These values can be overwritten.

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 Reference Streams

> Reference streams can be used:

> Where the same feed is used multiple
times:
- Define stream once and use reference
stream(s) for additional feeds, e.g. steam utility
> To pick out a stream for additional analysis:
- e.g. reference a crude unit feed to check outlet
condition
> To break a recycle

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 Demo: Thermal Recycle

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 Stream Utilities

> Under Tools tab

> Hotkeys
> Flash Stream
> Binary VLE
> Heating/Cooling curve (HCurve)
> Hydrate Analysis
> Phase Envelope
> Distillation Curve
> Ultimate Analysis
> Spreadsheet Tools
> Import HYSYS XML File

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 Phase Envelope

> This module generates phase envelopes for

multi-component streams.
> The calculations are limited to the Equation
of State methods and work best for the
mixtures of non-polar hydrocarbons.
> PRO/II allows a maximum of five curves to
be specified in each phase envelope module.
> This module is always executed after the
flowsheet calculations have solved and
therefore does not affect flowsheet
convergence.
> Also located in the PFD Palette | Utilities

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 Exercise: Phase Envelope
Results:
To maximize the production of liquid at an
ambient temperature of 50°F (10°C), a pressure
of roughly 1300 psia (90 bar) is needed.

(Optional)
English SI
Liquid Rate 1325.6 lb-mole-hr 4.63 kg-mole-hr
Pressure 10.2 psia 91.4 bara

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Step 6: Supplying Unit Operational Data
 Features of all Unit Operations

> Unit identifier and description

> Multiple feeds allowed
> Thermodynamic options
> Multiple methods allowed
> Product phases
- vapor - second (heavy) liquid
- liquid - decanted water
- solid - vapor + liquid (mixture)
> There are exceptions for some units!

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 The Flash Unit Operation
V, yi

F1, z1i

L, x1i

Fn, zni
W, x2i

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 Degrees of Freedom (N+3)

> First Specification (required): > Second Specification (select one):

> Feed Composition (N) > Unit Specification
> Feed Rate - Flash Temperature
> Flash Temperature - Flash Pressure
- Duty
or
> Flash Pressure > Product Specification
- Product Rate
- Product Composition
- Product Property

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 Special Adiabatic Flashes

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 Special Flash Options

> Pseudo-streams

Bubble Point Dew Point

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 Feedback Controller

> Satisfies a flowsheet specification by manipulating an upstream parameter

> “Long-Distance” specifications and variables
> Analogous to a process feedback controller
Invariant

f(V)
Well
Behaved
Local Extremum
Specified Value

Discontinuity

V A B
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 Piping Network

> Adjust split ratio to match outlet pressures

2.5 inch ID
2000 feet P1 = 390 PSIA

Steam
1000 lb-mol/hr
500 PSIA
470ºF

50% split
4 inch ID
2000 feet

P2 = 491 PSIA

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 Piping Network

> Controller adjusts split until outlet pressures match (i.e., P2 - P1 = 0)

2.5 inch ID
2000 feet P1 = 479 PSIA

Steam
1000 lb-mol/hr
500 PSIA
470ºF

77% split
4 inch ID
2000 feet

P2 = 479 PSIA

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 Simple Heat Exchanger

> Exchanges heat from a process stream to...

> another process stream
> a utility stream

> Calculates
> duty
> exit temperatures
> product phase

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 Simple Heat Exchanger - Input Data

> Must supply...

> feed to at least one side
> exchanger or product specification
> May supply one of...
> feed to second side
> utility data

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 Rigorous Heat Exchanger

> Rating of existing shell and tube exchanger

> One or more shells in series and/or parallel

Data Supplied Result Calculated

area and fouling resistance product stream temperatures and
duty

duty of the exchanger or one of area required with the given fouling
the product stream factor or the fouling factor required
temperatures with the given area

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 Rigorous Heat Exchanger - Input Data

> Must supply...

> feeds to both sides
> shell and tube dimensions
> May supply...
> performance specification
- duty
- temperature
> coefficients
> fouling factors
> pressure drops

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 Exercise: Rigorous Heat Exchanger
Part A: Part B:
English Units SI Units

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Step 6a: Using Specification and Define
 Definitions

> Specification:
> Sets a stream or unit condition that is met by iterative calculation

> Define:
> Links a downstream variable to a known upstream variable

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 Types of Specifications and Define

> Absolute
> Property = Value
Ex: mole fraction propylene = 0.99
viscosity = 0.7 cp

> Relative
> (Property 1) [operator] (Property 2) = Value
Ex: propylene flowrate / total feed flowrate = 0.9

> More general forms via calculator and controller

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 Absolute Specification

> Example: Propane in vapor stream is known

> Use: Propane in Vapor stream = 100 lb-mol/hr

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 Relative Specification

> Example: Flash vaporizes 50% of its feed

> Use: Vapor product rate - Liquid product rate = 0
> Or: Vapor product rate / Liquid product rate = 1
> Or: Vapor product rate / Feed rate = 0.5

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 Relative Specification

> For more complex specifications, use Calculator

> Example: Vapor Flowrate = 1/2 (F2+F3)

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 Calculator

Composition

RON

> Calculator Uses Your Correlation to Calculate RON for OVHD Stream
> RON Value is then Passed to Controller
> Controller Adjusts Reflux Until RON=80
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 Exercise: Naphtha Assay – Part 2

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Module 5: Setting up a Case Study
 Defining Case Studies in PRO/II
> Input | Case Study
> Make changes to input data and examine the effect of those changes
> One case study per flowsheet
> You must define:
> Parameters to be changed
> Results to be printed
> Output options
> Plots
> Tables

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 Parameters

For each parameter, supply:

> Base case value, the starting point, which can be:
> an actual value
> a value equal to the base case plus/minus an offset
> a value equal to a percentage/fraction of the base case value
> typically this will be the value in the base model
> The change per cycle
> an absolute or relative value
> The start cycle & end cycle
> you can select which cycles to run

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 Exercise: Naphtha Assay – Part 3

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Module 6: PRO/II Files
 Simulation (.prz) Files

> The .prz file is a zipped archive containing all the files for a PRO/II
simulation & can be opened with WinZip or a similar application.
> Contains database files, flowsheet layout & keyword back-up
> Send PRZ to helpdesk for support

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 PRO/II File Interactions

.prz (a zip file)

Contains .pr1
.pr2
.pr3
} Database files

Import Export .sfd - PFD

*_backup.inp
(back-up input file, created each file save)

*.inp Input file

*_backup.sfd
If the input file is imported with back-up .sfd
file in the same directory as the *.inp, then
the PFD layout will be restored.

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 Keyword (INP) Files

> Uses & Advantages

> Alternate interface with calculation engine
> Compatibility with earlier versions of PRO/II
> Troubleshooting simulations
> Compact means of storing data
> Fix file corruption
> Merge simulation files
> Performs run calculations faster than through the GUI

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Module 7: Distillation Basics
 Tray Numbering

> Normally use Theoretical Trays (Stages)

> Numbered from top down
> Condenser is Stage 1
> Even for subcooled condenser
> Reboiler is last stage
> Thermosiphon adds 2 stages
> Convert packing to stages
> Rule of Thumb: 2 to 3 feet of packing per stage

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 Minimum Data Required

> Number of stages

> Pressure Profile
> Feeds/Products
> Tray location
> Product rate estimates (for all but one of
the products

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 Translating a Real Column to Theoretical
Trays
> Column with reboiler & condenser > Condenser stage 1
> 15 stage rectifying section 80% efficient > 15 * 80% = 12 stages in rectifying section
> 11 stage stripping section 50% efficient > 11 * 50% = 5.5 say 5 stages in stripping section
> Feed stage to top stripping section – tray 14
> Kettle reboiler adds a single stage, stage 19

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 Specifications and Variables

>Specifications: Constraints to be met by the column

>Variables: Calculated to meet specifications

>Column always balances equations and unknowns

>To impose an active specification, you must add a variable, otherwise equations and unknowns won’t
balance.

>Example: Impose two product specifications by declaring reboiler & condenser duties as variables.

>PRO/II allows you to add inactive specifications – the values of these are reported, but not used as
control points

>PRO/II will automatically generate specifications for a product rate and the reflux ratio

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 Improper Specifications

> 0% methane in crude column bottoms

> Infinitely many solutions
> 300 lb-mole/hr propylene in overhead
> No solutions if column feed only 250 lb-mol/hr propylene
> 98% ethanol product
> No solutions if Water-Ethanol Azeotrope present

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 Initial Estimate Generator (IEG)

> Generates “good” initial estimates for all column variables

P1 P2
PN LN x0 y0 T0 x* y* T*
IEG P V0 L0 Solver P V* L*
Column Q0R Q0C Q*R Q*C
Spec’s

You supply column IEG calculates

Solver (I/O, Chemdist)
specs and guesses initial estimates for
converges on solution
for a few variables... all column variables...

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 Four Types of IEG

> SIMPLE: Simple columns

> Only choice for liquid-liquid extraction
> CONVENTIONAL: Works well with most columns
> Based on shortcut methods
> Strongly dependent on your product rate estimates
> REFINERY: Complex refinery columns
> e.g., crude, vacuum, FCC main fractionator, coker
> CHEMICAL: Nonideal thermodynamics. Can be slow
> e.g., azeotropic and extractive distillation

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 Available Distillation Algorithms

> Inside Out (I/O)

> Chemdist
> Sure
> Liquid-liquid
> Enhanced I/O
> RATEFRAC
> Electrolytic

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 Distillation Algorithm Selection
Inside/Out (I/O) CHEMDIST SURE

•Side and main columns •Reactive distillation •Total pumparounds

Unique
solved simultaneously •VLLE on any tray •VLWE on any tray
Features

•Very fast
•Highly non-ideal •Generality: complex
Strengths systems column and thermo

•Thermo non-ideality •No pumparounds •Slow

Limitations •NO VLLE capability •Side columns solved as •Sensitive to initial
(VLWE at condenser) recycles guesses

•Non-ideal systems •Free water or water

•Hydrocarbons
draw on trays other than
Applicability •EOS & slightly non-ideal •Mechanically simple
condenser
•Interlinked columns columns
•Total pumparounds
•VLLE within column
or vapor bypass

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 Distillation Algorithm Selection
Liquid-Liquid Enhanced I/O

Unique •LLE on each stage •Total draws and water

Features decants off trays

•Perform liquid-liquid •Converges when zero

Strengths flowrates on trays
extraction

•Thermo must be a •IEG does not work for all

Limitations liquid activity method cases

•Liquid-liquid extraction •Same as I/O

columns •Free water or water draw on
Applicability
trays other than condenser

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 Propane/Propylene Splitter

> Choice of thermodynamics is very important!

Results of Propane/Propylene Splitter

Condenser Duty Reflux Rate/Feed Rate
Thermodynamic System
M kcal/hr MM Btu/hr Mole ratio
Peng-Robinson (PR) -15.0 -59.6 13.1
Grayson-Streed (GS) -9.40 -37.3 8.2
Improved Grayson-Streed) (IGS) -10.1 -40.1 8.9
Soave-Redlich-Kwong (SRK) -14.3 -56.6 12.3

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 Typical Overall Tray Efficiencies
Service Percent
Simple Absorbers/Strippers 20-30
Reboiled Absorbers/Strippers 40-50
Deethanizers 60-65
Depropanizers 65-75
Debutanizers 80-90
Deisobutanizers (Refluxed) 85-95
Splitters
C2, C2- 85-95
C3, C3- 95-100
C4’s or C5’s 90-100
Notes:
1) Assume 65-75% for most columns with reboilers and condensers.
2) At low reflux, split insensitive to number of trays in the model.
3) Pumparounds usually modeled as 2 stages.

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 Column Convergence

If your column does not converge or to ensure convergence:

> Understand what the column is doing
- An understanding of the column should lead to sensible choices
> Start simple
> Think about the column algorithm, is your selection appropriate?
- I/O is often a good choice & should be your starting point
> Have you selected an appropriate IEG
- The Conventional IEG should be your first choice
- Are your rate estimate(s) good, can you use the DEFINE feature?
- If you have supplied user estimates are these good?

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 Column Convergence (contd.)

> Start with the use of automatic specifications

> This should ensure column convergence
> A converged column will yield useful data, such as duties, temperature
profiles, product rates, etc.
> Use inactive specifications
> This will allow you to check what sort of values are achievable
> Ensure you have enough iterations

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 Column Convergence (contd.)

> Review the convergence history

> This will indicate if you column is on its way to convergence or not
> Additional detail in the history will also indicate which tray is having trouble
> Think about the column status at initialization
> Determine whether you have any improper specifications

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 Exercise: Debutanizer (Petro)

English Units

SI Units

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Module 8:
Running the Simulation and Outputting the
Results
Step 7a: Running the Simulation
 Run Options

> Interactively
> GUI-supported features only
- Run and solve model

- Run, solve model, perform output calculations & generate text report

> Run Batch mode

> Execute .inp file or .prz file batchwise from PRO/II, but not through the GUI

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 Color Cues
Color Significance

Pale Green Unit operation has not been calculated

Green Unit operation is being calculated

Blue Unit operation has been solved

Yellow Unit operation has been solved but with

notable warnings
Red Unit operation has failed

Magenta Unit operation is at a breakpoint

Note: To change default colors, click Options |

Colors.

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 Yellow Status Warnings

> Unit operation has been solved

but with notable warnings
> Heat and material balances
have been solved, but there
may be warnings for physical
measurements or other
situations that the user may
need to check out.
> Suppress Color for Now or
Suppress Color till Flowsheet is
Closed

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Step 7b: Generating Output
 Output Options

> Output options include:

> Interactive output: unit or stream results
displayed on PFD
> Results summary: for individual units or
streams
- Variety of options including text and Excel
> Detailed reports
- Excel based SIM4ME Reports
- Text based output reports

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 Results Summary

> Select unit or stream & right-click to

display menu
> Options:
> Tooltips
- Mouse hovering shows results based on
unit and stream property tables
> Data Review Window
- Based on unit and stream property tables
> View Results
- Uses editor or browser
- For streams & column mass or mole
based summary
> View Excel Results

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 Text Output Files

> Output | Report Format

> Report format options:
> Units of Measure
> Miscellaneous Data
> Stream Properties
> Unit Operations

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 SIM4ME Reports
> Customizable, re-usable Excel-based reporting tool
> Built-in standard reports
> Customized Reports
> Created by drag/drop of properties from intuitive Flowsheet Explorer
> Individual sections of report can be turned on/off
> Can be saved for re-use

145 Schneider Electric Software, LLC. Proprietary and confidential. 1/12/2018

 Plots

> Stream assay curves

> Column Profiles
> Flowrates
> Temperature
> Composition
> Separation factor
> Case study plots
> Phase Envelopes
> Hydrate Analysis

Note: To change default plot output,

click Options | Plot.

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 Plots Window
> Default: Left-hand side, below Messages window
> Dockable

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Module 9:
Customization
 Customization Options

> Units of Measure Lists

> Stream/Unit property Lists
> Drawing Defaults - units
and streams
> Problem description
> Notes
> Thermodynamic system
> Assay Characterization
> Auto Save and Repair
> Language
> Display Precision

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 Drawing Defaults

> General Drawing Defaults

> Unit Style
> Stream Style

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 Simulation Defaults

> Includes:
> Problem Description
> Units of Measure
> Thermodynamic System
> Library Selection
> Component Databank
> Assay Characterization
> Controller/MVC Calculation Options
> Component Thermodynamic System
> Global Tolerances
> Stream Properties

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 Miscellaneous Settings

> Flowsheet Colors

> Viewer
> Editor
> Plot
> Font
> Diagnostics

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 Objects and Drawing

> Helps customize the appearance of a flowsheet

> Objects (Edit | Insert Object)
> Objects include:
- Images/Logos
- Excel spreadsheets
- Word documents
- Other
> Drawing (Under the Draw tab)
> Ellipse, Line, Page, Polygon, Rectangle, text

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Sources of Help
 Help in PRO/II

> Online Documentation

> Reference Help
> Product Help
> SimSci Training
> Support
> FAQ
> About PRO/II

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 Training

> Filter by Product, Type, or Location

> Type of training available:
> Instructor-Led Training
> Virtual Instructor-Led Training
> Web-Based Training and Curriculums
> Webinar
> Job Aid (Quick 3-5 min how-to videos)

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 Support

> Case Management

> Product Hub
> Tech Notes, FAQs
> Videos
> Community
> Training Center
> Reports

> What’s Trending

> Recent Cases

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 FAQ

> Displays a list of Knowledge Base

content (Tech Notes, etc.)
published in the past 365 days
(by default)
> Refine the list using the various
filter options on the left-hand side
of the list

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 PRO/II Documentation

> Start | SimSci PROII 10.1 | PROII Documentation 10.1

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 Support

> Contact details (in on-line help)

> E-mail – [email protected]

> http://software.schneider-electric.com/support/simsci/

> Please include:

> Name & company
> Contact details
> Model (.prz) file
> Version of PRO/II and operating system

164 Schneider Electric Software, LLC. Proprietary and confidential. 1/12/2018

 Schneider Electric Website
http://software.schneider-electric.com/support/simsci/

> Support available…

> Full documentation
> Examples
> Need to register

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Summary
 Review

> Introductions & Objectives

> Overview
> Seven steps for building a simulation
> Step-by-step examples
> Incorporate the most important unit operations
> Illustrate time-saving techniques
> Output options
> Customization

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 Objectives – met?

> At the end of the course, you will be able to use the seven simulation steps,
and therefore, be able to build or modify a PRO/II simulation, run that
simulation, and generate output.

> At the end of this module, you will be able to:

> Simulate key unit operations
> Select and modify units of measure
> Add various components & assay streams
> Select and modify thermodynamic methods
> Run the simulation
> Generate output (simulation results)

168 Schneider Electric Software, LLC. Proprietary and confidential. 1/12/2018

Questions & Discussion
©2015 Schneider Electric Software, LLC. All Rights Reserved.
All trademarks are owned by Schneider Electric Industries SAS or its affiliated companies or their respective owners.