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Introduction To Statics

The document provides an introduction to statics and engineering mechanics, highlighting the principles of forces acting on bodies at rest or in motion. It discusses Newton's laws of motion, units and dimensions of measurement, and the distinction between mass, force, and weight, including the law of universal gravitation. Additionally, it covers the conversion of units and provides a problem related to gravitational force calculations.

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10 views11 pages

Introduction To Statics

The document provides an introduction to statics and engineering mechanics, highlighting the principles of forces acting on bodies at rest or in motion. It discusses Newton's laws of motion, units and dimensions of measurement, and the distinction between mass, force, and weight, including the law of universal gravitation. Additionally, it covers the conversion of units and provides a problem related to gravitational force calculations.

Uploaded by

jmcolico
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Statics of Rigid Bodies

CENG213
Introduction to Statics

• What is Engineering Mechanics?


• Mechanics - branch of physics that considers the action of forces on bodies or uids
that are at rest or in motion
• Engineering Mechanics - branch of engineering that applies the principles of
mechanics to mechanical design (any design that must take into account the e ect of
forces)
• Simon Stevinus
- Flemish mathematician and engineer
- rst to demonstrate resolution of forces, establishing the foundation of modern
statics
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Newton’s Law of Particle Motion

1. If a particle is at rest (or moving with constant velocity in a straight-line), it will remain at rest (or
continue to move with continue to move with constant velocity in a straight line) unless acted upon by
a force.

2. A particle acted upon by a force will accelerate in the direction of the force. The magnitude of the
acceleration is proportional to the magnitude of the force and inversely proportional to the mass of
the particle.

3. For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction; that is, the forces of interaction between two
particles are equal in magnitude and oppositely directed along the same line of action.
Units and Dimensions

• Units - standards of measurements


• Dimension - type of measurement regardless of the units used

Units Dimensions

kilogram mass

meter length

second time
Standards of Measurement

US Customary System SI System


Mass slug kilogram (kg)
Force pound (lb) Newton (N)
Length foot (ft) meter (m)
Time second (s) second (s)

All other dimensions or units are combinations of the base quantities

US Customary System SI System

FLT MLT
System with base dimension
Gravitational System Absolute System
Mass, Force, and Weight

F = ma

For US Customary system, the derived unit of mass is a slug. A slug is de ned as the mass that is accelerated
at the rate of 1.0 ft/s2 by a force of 1.0 lb

1.0 slug = 1.0 lb ⋅ s2 / ft

For the SI system, the derived unit of force is newton (N). It is de ned as the force that accelerates a 1.0 kg
mass at the rate of 1.0 m/s2

1.0 N = 1.0 kg ⋅ m/ s2

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Mass, Force, and Weight

Weight is the force of gravitation acting on a body.

W = mg
w = weight
m = mass
g = gravitational acceleration (free-fall acceleration of a body)

g = 9.81 m/s2 or 32.2 ft/s2

Mass vs Weight
Mass - constant property of a body

Weight - variable that depends on the local value of g


Conversion of Units
Law of Gravitation

• Law of Universal Gravitation - proposed by Newton

Consider two particles of mass a and b that are separated by a distance R. The law of gravitation
states that the two particles are attracted to each other by forces of magnitude F that act along
the line connecting the particles where,

F=G mA mB
R2

G = gravitational constant = 3.44 x 10-8 ft4 / (lb ⋅ s4)

= 6.67 x 10-11 m3 / (kg ⋅ s2)


Law of Gravitation

Problem. Find the gravitational force exerted by the earth on a 70-kg man whose
elevation above the surface of the earth equals the radius of the earth. The mass and
radius of the earth are me = 5.9724x1024 kg and Re = 6378km, respectively.

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