PHYSICS

(PREDICTIONS TRIALS 1-10)

Final series of Possible Questions expected to be examined in the forthcoming Final

Exams. This provides a framework and means of illumination to guide our
candidates in preparation for the KCSE Examinations scheduled for November 2024

The following are Questions to expect in KCSE 2024.

CONFIDENTIAL!

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KCSE 2024 FINAL PREDICTION

EXPECTED EXAM 1
232/1

PHYSICS
PAPER 1 (THEORY)
TIME: 2 HOURS

NAME……………………………………………………………………………………….

SCHOOL……………………………………………… SIGN………………………..

INDEX NO……………………………………………. ADM NO……………………

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
(a) Write your name, index number in the spaces provided above.
(b) Sign and write the date of the examination in the spaces provided.
(c) This paper consists of TWO Sections: A and B.
(d) Answer ALL the questions in section A and B in the spaces provided.
(e) All working MUST be clearly shown.
(f) KNEC mathematical tables and silent non-programmable electronic calculators may be used.
(g) Candidates should answer the questions in English.
Take: Acceleration due to gravity, 𝒈 = 𝟏𝟎 𝒎/𝒔𝟐

FOR EXAMINER’S USE ONLY

Section Question Maximum Score Score
A 1 – 12 25
13 11
14 9
B 15 9
16 14
17 12
TOTAL 80
SCORE

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SECTION A (25 MARKS)

Answer all the questions in this section in the spaces provided.
1. A measuring cylinder calibrated in cm3, water and a weighing balance were used to find the
density of a stone. The arrangement was as shown in Figure 1.

20
20

10 10

0.22g 30.22g
Figure 1

Determine the density of the stone. (3 marks)

2. Give a reason to why the players draw their hands backwards as the ball is caught in cricket.
(1 mark)
3. Figure 2 shows a lift pump used to draw water from a well.

(a) Give one limitation of using this type of a pump. (1 mark)

(b) A lift pump can lift water to a maximum height of 10 m. Determine the maximum height to
which the pump can raise paraffin. (Take density of paraffin as 800 kgm-3, density of water as
1000 kgm-3 and gravity as 10 N/kg). (3 marks)

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4. Figure 3 shows a pith ball inside a transparent flask. When a jet of air is blown over the mouth of
the flask as shown, the pith ball is observed to rise from the bottom.

Explain the observation. (2 marks)

5. A uniform metal strip of mass 450 g and length 100 cm is placed on a pivot and kept in
equilibrium by force F as shown in Figure 4.

20 cm

15 cm
Uniform plank
F
Figure 4

Determine the value of F. (2 marks)

Match sticks

Water X

Figure 5

6. Two match sticks are placed on water in a basin a few centimeters apart as shown in Figure 5.
State and explain the observation made when a drop of soap solution is placed at a point marked X
between the match sticks. (2 marks)

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7. The three springs shown in Figure 6 are identical and have negligible weight. The extension
produced on the system of springs is 25 cm.

Glass rod of weight 1.0 N

20 N

Figure 6 20 N

Determine the spring constant of each spring. (3 marks)

8. Figure 7 shows two identical balloons A and B filled with air and their open ends closed tightly.
They are put at equal distances from a metallic tank holding hot water. The sides of the tank
facing the balloons are painted differently.

Hot water

Figure 7 Dull black Polished white

It is observed that balloon A expands more than balloon B. Explain this observation. (1 mark)
9. An oil drop of volume 1.922 × 10−8 𝑚3 spreads on water surface to form a patch of area
7.069 × 10−2 𝑚2. Determine the diameter of an oil molecule in the oil drop. (2 marks)
10. Figure 8 shows apparatus used to study Brownian motion using smoke trapped in a
smoke cell.

Figure 8

State and explain what is observed when looking at the trapped smoke using the microscope.
(2 marks)
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11. Figure 9 shows a part of a clinical thermometer.

Figure 9

(a) Name the feature labeled K. (1 mark)

(b) State the importance of this feature. (1 mark)
12. Figure 10 shows a passenger bus with luggage compartment under the seats. Figure 10

Explain why bus body-builders would prefer to build luggage compartments under the seats rather
than on roof racks. (1 mark)

SECTION B (55 MARKS)

Answer all the questions in this section in the spaces provided.
13. (a) The hammer in Figure 11 is being used to pull out a nail weight) that is stuck into a
wooden surface. Take the lengths a = 13.0 cm and b =1.5 cm. (Assume the force (F) applied to
the nail is vertical and that F = Friction between the nail and wooden surface which resists the
nail from being pulled out).
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Figure 11

Given that the force applied on the handle is 450 N;

(i) Determine the magnitude of force (F) applied to the nail. (3 marks)
(ii) Determine the mechanical advantage of the hammer. (2 marks)
(iii) Determine the velocity ratio of the hammer. (2 marks)
(iv) Calculate the efficiency of the hammer. (2 marks)
(v) State the assumption made for the value of efficiency in (iv) above to be as it is. (1 mark)
(b) A block and tackle system is made up of three pulley wheels on top and two pulley wheels at the
bottom in Figure 12.

Load
Figure 12

Complete the diagram by drawing the chain which passes over the wheels and indicate where the
effort is applied. (1 mark)
14. (a) Figure 13 (a) shows a column of air trapped by mercury thread 5cm long in a vertical
tube with its mouth facing upwards. The length of the enclosed air column is 10 cm. Given that
the atmospheric pressure is 750 mmHg, determine the length of air column, 𝒍, when the tube is
placed vertically but with mouth facing downwards as in Figure 13 (b). (3 marks)

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Figure 13 (a) Figure 13 (b)

(b) Figure 14 shows a simple set up for pressure law apparatus.

Figure 14

Describe how the apparatus may be used to verify pressure law. Initial reading of pressure and
temperatures are recorded. (3 marks)
(c) The graph in Figure 15 shows the relationship between the pressure and temperature for a fixed
mass of an ideal gas at a constant volume.
Pressure
( x10 4 NM -2)
12

100 200 300 400 Tem perature (T)

Figure 15
Given that the relationship between pressure, P, and temperature, T in Kelvin is of the form 𝑷 = 𝒌𝑻
(K)
where 𝒌 is constant, determine from the graph, value of 𝒌. (3 marks)
15. (a) State the law of flotation. (1 mark)
(b) Figure 15 shows a piece of cork held with a light thread attached to the bottom of a beaker. The
beaker is filled with water.

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Water
Cork

Thread
Figure 15

(i) Write an expression showing the relationship between the forces acting on the cork. (1 mark)
(ii) If the thread breaks name another force which will act on the cork. (1 mark)
(c) Figure 16 shows a metallic rod of length 12 cm and uniform cross-sectional area 8 cm2
suspended from a spring balance with 8 cm of its length immersed in water. The density of the
material is 2.7 g/cm3 (Take the density of water = 1.0 g/cm3).

Determine; Figure 16
(i) The mass of the metallic rod. (2 marks)
(ii) The up thrust acting on the metallic rod. (2 marks)
(iii) The reading of the spring balance. (2 marks)
16. (a) A force of 100 N acts on a ball of mass 500 g for 0.5 s before the ball rolls down on the
horizontal ground.
(i) Calculate the velocity at which the ball set off with. (2 marks)
(ii) If the frictional force between the ball and the ground is 2 N, calculate the distance the ball
travels before it comes to a stop. (3 marks)
(b) The world record for men’s 100 m sprint stood at 9.58 s as set by Usain Bolt in 2009. If the
athlete accelerates to a steady speed in the first 1.5 seconds and he runs at this speed to the finish
line, at what steady speed does he run? (2 marks)
(c) An object of mass 200 g is attached to one end of a light inextensible string and whirled in a
vertical circle of radius 0.5 m and center O as shown in Figure 17.
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Figure 17

(i) State two forces acting on the stone as it is whirled in the vertical circle. (2 marks)
(ii) Sketch, on the axes below, a graph of the magnitude of the tension in the string in a
complete revolution through point A, B, C and D. (1 mark)

(iii) If the tension in the string when the object is at the lowest point C is 39 N, calculate the
tangential velocity 𝒗 of the object. (3 marks)
(b) A passenger bus is travelling uniformly at 20 𝑚/𝑠 when the driver observes a police roadblock
ahead. The driver takes 1.0 𝑠 before applying brakes which brings the bus to rest with a uniform
retardation of 5.0 𝑚/𝑠 2 . Sketch a velocity-time graph for the bus from the instant the driver
notices the roadblock until the bus comes to rest. (1 mark)

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17. (a) In an experiment to determine the specific latent heat of vapourization, 𝒍𝒗 , of water,
steam of mass 40 𝑔 at 100 ℃ is passed into 150 𝑔 of water containing 87𝑔 of ice at 0 ℃ in a
container of heat capacity 4.5 × 102 𝐽𝐾 −1 . The temperature of the water rises to 60 ℃.
(Take the specific heat capacity of water as 𝟒. 𝟐 × 𝟏𝟎𝟑 𝑱𝒌𝒈−𝟏 𝑲−𝟏 and specific latent heat of
fusion of ice as 𝟑. 𝟒 × 𝟏𝟎𝟓 𝑱𝒌𝒈−𝟏 ).
Determine the:
(i) heat lost by steam to condense to water at 100 ℃. (1 mark)
(ii) heat lost by condensed steam to cool to 60 ℃. (2 marks)
(iii) heat absorbed by the ice, water and the container. (3 marks)
(iv) specific latent heat of vapourization of water. (3 marks)
(b) Some water in a round-bottomed flask was heated until it started boiling. Heating was stopped
and the water stopped boiling. The rubber tube was clipped and the flask turned upside down as
shown in Figure 18.

Figure 18

When cold water was poured onto the flask, the water started boiling again.
(i) State the aim of this experiment. (1 mark)
(ii) Explain why water started boiling when cold water was poured onto the flask. (2 marks)

THE IS THE LAST PRINTED PAGE

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KCSE 2024 FINAL PREDICTION

EXPECTED EXAM 1
232/2

PHYSICS
PAPER 2 (THEORY)
TIME: 2 HOURS

NAME……………………………………………………………………………………….

SCHOOL……………………………………………… SIGN………………………..

INDEX NO……………………………………………. ADM NO……………………

(Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education)

INSTRUCTIONS
1. Write your name and your Index number in the spaces provided.
2. This paper consists of two sections, Section A and B.
3. Answer ALL the questions in both section in the spaces provided in this paper.
4. ALL working must be clearly shown.
5. Mathematical tables and electronic calculators may be used.
Take: Planck’s constant =6.6x10-34 Js

FOR EXAMINER’S USE ONLY:

SECTION QUESTION MAXIMUM SCORE STUDENTS SCORE
A 1-12 25
B 13 11
14 09
15 15
16 10
17 10
TOTAL 80
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Answer ALL the questions

1. State any 2 ways of in increasing the size of an image formed by a fixed pinhole camera.(2 mks)
2. State 2 advantages of alkaline battery over a lead acid battery. (2 mks)
3. The diagrams below show a soft iron plate in a solenoid and a permanent magnet suspended by a
spring.

State with reason the behaviour of the magnet when the switch S is closed. (2 mks)
4. A man, standing between 2 parallel vertical walls, claps his hands. He hears the first echo 0.3
seconds later and the next echo after a further 0.2 seconds. If the velocity of sound in air is
300m/h. Calculate the distance between the walls. (3 mks)
5. The table below shows an electromagnetic spectrum. Complete the table in the order of
increasing wavelength from A- B. (2 marks)
A Visible B
Light
6. The figure below shows a 6V battery connected to an arrangement of resistors.

Determine the current flowing through 2 Ω resistor. (4 marks)

7. State difference between semi conductors and metallic conductors. (1 mark)
8. A radioactive sample has a mass of 16g and a half-life of 10 days. How much of the original
sample remains after 40 days. (2 marks)

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9. Negatively charged rod is brought near the cap of a lightly charged electroscope. The leaf
divergence first reduces but as the rod comes nearer, it diverges more.
i) State the charge of the electroscope. (1 mark)
(ii) Explain the behaviour of the leaf above. (1 mark)
10. Water waves pass a point in a swimming pool at the rate of 30 crests per 60 seconds. One of the
crests was observed to take 2 seconds to travel between 2 points, 6m apart. Determine
the wavelength of the water waves. (2 marks)
b. The figure below shows a cathode ray beam entering a magnetic field, perpendicular to the
plane of the paper complete the diagram to show the path of the beam in the field. (1 mark)

11.The diagram below shows a junction diode.

p n

Complete the diagram to show how the diode can be connected in a reverse bias mode. (1 mark)
2361
12. An Uranium 236 isotope has a symbol 𝑈 when bombarded by a neutron, it splits to give
92
Substances K and L and 2 neutrons. Calculate the values of a and b in the equation below. (1
mark)
236 1 95 𝑎 +2
𝑈 + 𝑛 𝐾 + 𝐿 n
92 1 56 𝑏 0

SECTION B 55MKS
13a) Explain why a cathode ray tube is evacuated (1 mark)
b) State four properties of cathode rays (2 marks)

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c) The figure shows the waveform displayed on the cathode ray oscilloscope screen when an
alternating voltage is applied on the Y-input. The time- base is set at 1ms/cm and the Y-gain at
10v/cm 1cm

1cm

Calculate;
i. The amplitude of the ac input voltage (2marks)
ii. The frequency of the ac input voltage signal (2 marks)
d) The threshold frequency of sodium is 5.6x10 14Hz .Find
i. Work function of sodium (2marks)
ii. The kinetic energy of the ejected electrons when sodium is shone with light of frequency
8.6x1014 Hz (2 marks)
14. State the meaning of the term critical angle as applied in refraction of light. (1 mark)
ii)The figure shows a ray of light incident on a glass-air interface.

(i) Show on the diagram the critical angle, c. (1 mark)

ii)Given that the refractive index of the glass is ag, and that the critical angle c = 42º, determine the
value of is ag. (3 marks)
(b) The figure shows an experimental set up consisting of a mounted convex lens L, cardboard
screen with cross-wires at the centre, a plane mirror, a metre rule and a candle.

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Describe how the set-up may be used to determine the focal length, f, of the lens. (4 marks)
15.a) State one advantage of high voltage transmission. (1mark)
(b) A generator produces 150kw at a voltage of 5kv. The voltage is stepped up to 60kv and
transmitted through cables of resistance 15Ω to a step down transformer in a substation. If both
transformers are 80% efficient, calculate the:
(i) Current through the transmission cables. (3marks)
(ii) Power lost during transmission. (3marks)
(c) The figure below shows the features of an x ray tube

i)Name the parts labelled A and B. (2marks)

(ii) Explain how change in the potential across PQ change the intensity of the x-rays
produced in the tube. (1marks)
(iii) During the operation of the tube, the target becomes very hot. Explain how the heat is caused.
(1mark)
(iv) What property of lead makes it suitable for use as shielding material? (1mark)
(b)In a certain X ray tube, the electrons are accelerated by a p.d of 12000v. assuming that all
the energy goes to produce x rays, determine the frequency of the x rays produced(take
planks constant h=6.62x10-34Js, and the charge of an electron e=1.6x10-19 (3marks)

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16.Figure 8 shows an electromagnetic relay being used to switch an electric motor on and off. The
electromagnet consists of a coil of wire wrapped around a core. The motor in figure is switched
off.
Springy metal strips
Figure 8

A
Contacts Motor
B

Pivot
Soft iron armature Insulator

Core

(a) Suggest suitable material for the core. (1mark)

(b) What happens to the core when switch S is closed? (2marks)
c) Why do the contacts A and B close when the switch S is closed. (2marks)
(c) When the switch S is opened, what will happen to;
(i) The core (1mark)
(ii) Soft iron armature. (1mark)
(d) Give one other application of an electromagnet. (1mark)
(e) State two ways in which an electromagnet could be made more powerful. (2marks)
17.Explain why carbon-14 ( 146𝐶 ) is radioactive while carbon 12
6𝐶 is not. (1 mark)
(b) The figure below shows features of a diffusion cloud chamber used for detecting radiations
from a radioactive source.

Explain how the chamber works when a radioactive particle is introduced at the source. (2 mks)
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(c) (i) What is the purpose of solid carbon (iv) oxide. (1 mark)
(d) (i) Using a diagram explain how doping produces a p-type semi-conductor. (3 marks)
(ii) What is biasing? (1 mk)
(iii)The diagram below shows a circuit with a p-n junction and a very low power bulb.

State with reason the observations made on the bulb when the switch is closed. (2 marks)

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KCSE 2024 FINAL PREDICTION

EXPECTED EXAM 2
PHYSICS
232/1
PAPER 1
(THEORY)
TIME: 2 HOURS
NAME……………………………………………………………………………………….

SCHOOL……………………………………………… SIGN………………………..

INDEX NO……………………………………………. ADM NO……………………

Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education.

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES: -
(a) Write your name, Admission number and class in the spaces provided above.
(b) This paper consists of two sections: A and B
(c) Answer all the questions in section A and B in the spaces provided
(d) All working must be clearly shown.
(e) Mathematical tables and electronic calculators may be used
(f) Candidates should answer the questions in English.

For Examiner’s Use Only:

Maximum Candidate’s
Section Question
Score Score
A 1 – 11 25
12 11
13 08
14 08
B 15 09
16 09
17 10
Total Score 80

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SECTION A (25 marks)
Answer all questions in this section in the spaces provided
1. The diagram below shows the earth moving around the sun continually . State the branch of Physics
that would be concerned with this. (1 mark)

2. The diameter of a steel ball is measured using a vernier callipers which has divisions of 0.1cm on its
main scale (MS) and 10 divisions of its vernier scale (VS) match 9 divisions on the main scale. Three
such measurements for a ball are given as

If the zero error is – 0.03 cm, calculate then mean corrected diameter of the steel ball. (3 marks)
3. A wooden block on a horizontal surface is pulled by a constant horizontal force T as shown in the
diagram below, at two different sections. The block moves with constant velocity along XY. Section
XYP is rough, while PQ is smooth. Use the information to answer questions that follow.

(a) Describe the motion of the block as it enters section PQ. (1 mark)
(b) Give a reason for your answer. (1 mark)
4. Two identical well lagged cans A and B, each has equal volumes of water and are fitted with
thermometers TA and TB as shown in the figure below. Water in A is at 45oC, while water at B is at
room temperature of 25oC. Cold water is poured carefully in A and simultaneously, an equal mass of
hot water is poured in B.

(a)State which of the thermometers record a lower reading after a short while (1 mark)
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(b)Give reason for your answer in (a) above (1 mark)
5. A stone of mass 200g is whirled on a vertical circle at constant speed of 3m/s, as shown in the diagram
below.

Determine the tension T in the string when the stone is at its uppermost point shown, given that the string
is 40cm long. (3 marks)
6. Below is a solid frustrum of a cone, resting on its narrow end on a horizontal flat surface. The solid
is made of a uniform material.

(a)Name the state of equilibrium of the solid on the surface. (1 mark)

(b)Locate the centre of gravity of the cone, and mark it M (2 marks)
7. Some pollen grains were placed in water to study Brownian motion in liquids. State and explain the
nature of the observed motion. (2 marks)
8. When estimating the diameter of an oil molecule, a student measured the diameter of an oil drop
using vernier callipers. State the assumption she made in this measurement. (1 mark)
9. A form one student at Upper Secondary School had a tin can half filled with water, as shown in the
figure below.

She heated the water and let it to boil for some time. The open top was then sealed, and cold water poured
on the can. The can was observed to crash in. State why:
(a)The water was let to boil for some time. (1 mark)
(b)Cold water was poured on the can. (1 mark)
(c)Explain why the tin can crushed in (2 marks)

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10. The temperature if a gas in a container of fixed volume was gradually lowered, and the corresponding
pressure measured. Below, is a sketch graph showing the variation of pressure with temperature from
the experiment.

(a)Define temperature X using kinetic theory of matter (1 mark)

(b)State the reason why temperature X cannot be achieved (1 mark)
11. A steel wire of length 20cm was coiled several times to make a spring. The spring was loaded with
various weights and a graph of Force against extension plotted as indicated in Fig i below.

State any two changes that could be made on the spring to obtain the graph in Fig ii (2 marks)
SECTION B (55 marks)
Answer all the questions in this section in the spaces provided
12.
(a) State Bernoulli’s principle. (1 mark)
(b) In deriving the equation of continuity, it is assumed that the fluid is non-viscous. Explain the effect
of increase in fluid viscosity on the type of flow. (2 marks)
(c) The figure below shows water in a horizontal tube of two different sections, AB and BC.

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The cross-sectional area on the piston is 1.5cm2 while that of section BC is 2.0mm2. If the piston
moves 12cm from A to B in 3 seconds, calculate:
i) The volume flux of water (3 marks)
ii) The speed of water through section BC (2 marks)
(d) Below is a cross-sectional diagram of a carburettor used to supply petrol for combustion in a car
engine

Explain how this carburettor is able to draw petrol into the combustion cylinders (3 marks)
13.
(a) A covid vaccine is only suitable when stored at a temperature of -40oC. A nurse had a choice of
measuring the temperature of this vaccine using either a mercury thermometer or an alcohol
thermometer. Explain which of the two thermometers would be suitable. (1 mark)
(b) Below is a glass flask fitted with a tube and inverted in water.

The temperature of the surrounding is slowly lowered.

i) State the observation on the liquid level in the glass tube `(1 mark)
ii) Give a reason for the above observation (2 marks)
(c) You have been provided with the following apparatus:
A glass bulb filled with mercury fitted onto a hollow stem, ice, boiling water in a can and a grid of
equal squares. Use this apparatus to describe an experiment to make a graduated thermometer
whose scale is in Celsius. (4 marks)
14.
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(a) Define velocity ratio as used in machines (1 mark)
(b) The figure below shows a load of mass 20kg being pulled up an inclined plane with a constant force
of 150N. The plane makes an angle of 32oC with the horizontal, and a height of 3m.

Determine:
i) The work done on the load (2 marks)
ii) Work done by the effort (2 marks)
iii) The efficiency of the system (2 marks)
iv) The work done against the friction between the plane and the block (1 mark)
15.
(a) Distinguish between heat capacity and latent heat of fusion of a substance (1 mark)
(b) Below is a figure showing a common refrigerator used for domestic purposes. A volatile liquid
circulates in the capillary tubes.

i) State the reason why the diameter of the capillary tube is made wider at the freezing compartment.
(1 mark)
ii) Explain the function of the compression pump. (2 marks)
iii) Give a reason why food items are placed below the widened copper tube (1 mark)
(c) In an experiment to determine specific latent heat of vaporization of water, steam of mass 12g at
100oC was passed into 80g of water initially at 23oC in a container of negligible heat capacity. The
temperature of water rises by 74K. Use the information to determine specific latent heat of
vaporization of water (take specific heat capacity of water as 4.2kJ/kg/K and boiling point of water
as 100oC). (4 marks)
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16.
(a) The figure below shows a weighing balance on which a beaker containing some water is placed.
The reading of the weighing balance and the spring balance are initially 2.80N and 2.70N
respectively.

i) The metal block is gradually lowered into water. State the observation made on:
A) The spring balance reading (2 marks)
B) The weighing balance reading
ii) The reading of the spring balance when the block is fully submerged in water is 2.36N.
Determine the:
A) Reading of the weighing balance (2 marks)
B) The density of the stone (2 marks)
(b) Below is a figure showing a hydrometer floating in water.

i) State the function of the following: (2 mks)

A) Wide bulb
B) Lead shot
ii) Salt solution is added to the water. State the observation made on the hydrometer. (1 mark)
17. A metal ball of mass 20kg at rest is pulled by a force and moves along a horizontal friction
compensated table as shown below. The pull is withdrawn when the ball is at P after travelling 16
seconds from Q.

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Below is a velocity-time graph for the motion of the ball as it moves along the tabletop.

(a) Determine the distance PQ travelled along the tabletop. (3 marks)

(b) Calculate:
i) The average acceleration between time t = 8 seconds and t = 16 seconds (2 marks)
ii) The average force acting between t = 8s and t = 16s. (2 marks)
(c) From P the ball falls to the ground a distance 22.5m from the foot of the table. Calculate the height
of the table. (3 marks)

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KCSE 2024 FINAL PREDICTION

EXPECTED EXAM 2
PHYSICS
232/2
PAPER 2
(THEORY)
TIME: 2 HOURS
NAME……………………………………………………………………………………….

SCHOOL……………………………………………… SIGN………………………..

INDEX NO……………………………………………. ADM NO……………………

Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education.

Instructions to candidates
(a) Write your name, index number in the spaces provided above.
(b) Sign and write the date of examination in the spaces provided above.
(c) This paper consists of two sections: A and B.
(d) Answer all the questions in sections A and B in the spaces provided.
(e) All working must be clearly shown.
(f) Silent non-programmable electronic calculators may be used.
(g) Candidates should answer the questions in English.
For Examiners Use Only
Section Question Candidate’s Score
A 1 – 12
13
14
B 15
16
17
Total Score 80
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 KCSE 2024 FINAL PREDICTIONS MWALIMU CONSULTANCY

SECTION A (25 MKS):

Answer all questions in this section in the spaces provided.
1. Figure 1 shows a ray of light incident on a mirror at an angle of 450. Another mirror is placed at an
angle of 450 to the first one as shown

Sketch the path of the ray until it emerges (2 mks)

2. Figure 2 shows a soft iron bar AB placed in a coil near a freely suspended magnet.

Explain the observation made when the switch is closed. (2 mks)

3. Table 1 shows radiations and the irrespective frequencies.
Type of radiation Yellow light Gamma rays Radio waves Micro waves
Frequency (Hz) 1 x 1015 1 x 1022 1 x 106 1 x 1011
Arrange the radiations in the order of increasing energy. (l mk)
4. State the reason why electrical power is transmitted over long distances at very high voltages.
(1 mk)
5. A boy standing in front of a cliff blows a whistle and hears the echo after 0.5s. He then moves 17
metres further away from the cliff and blows the whistle again. He now hears the echo after 0.6s.
Determine the speed of the sound. (4mks)

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6. Figure 3 shows a human eye with a certain defect

Normal near
point Eye lens

Figure 3

(i) Name the defect (1 mk)

ii) On the same diagram, sketch the appropriate Len and rays to show how the defect can be corrected.
(2mks)
7. Polarisation is a defect of a simple cell. State how it reduces the current produced and how this
defect can be minimized (2mks)
8. The figure below shows container loader which uses electromagnet to offload containers from a
ship.

(i) Why should the container be made of iron or steel (1mk)

(ii) State two ways in which the loader can be made to lift heavier container (2mks)
9. Two 12V lead acid accumulators are rated 60Ah and 70Ah. State two physical differences between
the accumulators (2mks)
10. The diagram below shows part of a wave form. The numbers on the diagram show scales in
meters. If the speed of the wave is 20ms-1, determine the frequency and wavelength of the wave.
(3mks)

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11. A gold leaf electroscope is positively charged as shown in the diagram below where C is the cap
and L is the gold leaf. State and explain what happens to L when a positively charged rod is
brought near C without touching it. (2mks)

SECTION B (55 Marks)

Answer all the questions in this section in the spaces provided
12 a) Figure 8 shows graph of potential difference V (volts) against a current (ampere) for a certain
device.

From the graph

(i) State with a reason whether or not the device obeys ohms law (2marks)
(ii) Determine the resistance of the device at
(I) 1 = 1.5A
(II) 1 = 3.5A
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(iii)From the results obtained in (ii) translate how the resistance of the device varies as the current
increases (1mark)
(iv)State the cause of this variation in resistance (1mark)
b) Three identical dry cells each of e.m.f. 1.6V are connected in series to a resistor of 11.4Ω. A
current of 0.32A. How is the circuit? Determine:
(i) The total e.m.f. of the cell (1mark)
(ii) The internal resistance of each cell (3marks)
13 (a) State the meaning of the term ‘principal focus’ as applied in lenses (1mark)
(b) You are provided with the following apparatus to determine the focal length of a lens:
- A biconcave lens and lens holder
- A lit candle
- A white screen
- A metre rule
(i)Draw a diagram to show how you would arrange the above apparatus to determine the focal length
of the lens (1mark)
(ii) Describe the procedure you would follow
(iii)State two measurements that you would take (2marks)
(iv)Explain how the measurements in (iii) would be used to determine the focal length.
(c) An object is placed 30cm in front of a concave lens of focal length 20cm. Determine the
magnification of the image produced. (4marks)

14 (a) State what is meant by ‘electromagnetic induction’ (1mark)

(b) Figure 9 shows a simple electric generator

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(i) Name the parts labeled P and Q (2marks)
(ii) Sketch on the axes provided a graph to show how the magnitude of the potential difference
across R changes with the line I

(iii)State two ways in which the potential differences produced by such a generator can be increased.
(2marks)
(c) In a transformer, the ratio of primary to the secondary turns is 1:10. A current of 500mA flows
through a 200Ω resistor in the secondary circuit. Assuming that the transformer is 100% efficient;
determine;
(i) The secondary voltage (1mark)
(ii) The primary voltage (2marks)
(iii) The primary current (2marks)
15 (a)State two differences between cathode rays and electromagnetic radiations
(b) Figure 10 shows the main features of a cathode ray oscilloscope (CRO)

(i) Name the parts labeled M and N

(ii) Explain how electrons are produced in the tube.
(iii) When using the CRO to display waveforms of voltages state where the following should be
connected
(I) The voltage to be displayed on the screen
(II) The time base volume
(iv)State why the tube is highly evacuated
(c) Figure 11 shows the waveform of a voltage displayed on the screen of a
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CRO. The Y gain calibration was 5V per cm

(i) Determine the peak-to-peak voltage of the Y input

(ii)Sketch on the same figure the appearance of the waveform after the voltage of the input signal is
halved and it’s frequency is doubled (2marks)
16. a) It is observed that when ultra – violet radiation is directed onto a clean Zinc plate connected to
the cap of a negatively charged leaf electroscope, the leaf falls.
i. Explain this observation. (1mark)
ii. Explain why the leaf of the electroscope does not fall when infrared radiation is directed onto the
zinc plate. (1mark)
b) State the effect on the electrons emitted by the photoelectric effect when the intensity of incident
radiation is increased. (1mark)
c) The maximum wavelength required to cause photoelectric emission on a metal surface
is 8.0 x 10 -7 m. The metal surface is irradiated with light of frequency 8.5 x 10 14 Hz.
(Take lev = 1.6 x 10 -19 J , c = 3.0 x 10 8 m/s , h= 6.63 x 10 -34 Js)
Determine:
i). The threshold frequency. (2marks)
ii) .The work function of the metals in electron volts. (2marks)
iii) .The maximum Kinetic energy of the electrons. (3marks)

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KCSE 2024 FINAL PREDICTION

EXPECTED EXAM 3
232/1

PHYSICS
PAPER 1 (THEORY)
TIME: 2 HOURS

NAME……………………………………………………………………………………….

SCHOOL……………………………………………… SIGN………………………..

INDEX NO……………………………………………. ADM NO……………………

Instructions to Candidates
 Write your name and index number in the spaces provided above.
 Sign and write the date of the examination paper. This paper consists of two sections; A and B
 Answer ALL the questions in the spaces provided in the question paper.
 ALL working MUST be clearly shown where necessary.
 Mathematical tables and silent electronic calculators may be used. Use g=10N/Kg

FOR EXAMINER’S USE ONLY

SECTION QUESTIONS MAXIMUM SCORE CANDIDATE’S SCORE
A 01-09 25
B 10 11
11 11
12 06
13 07
14 11
15 09
TOTAL SCORE 80

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1. (a) The vernier calipers shows the reading of 5.38cm. Draw the diagram showing this. (2 mks)
(b) If the vernier calipers used had an error of 0.05cm, find the actual reading (1 mark)
2. Use the surface molecules X, Y, Z and inner molecule W shown below to explain why the
surface of a liquid is under tension (3 marks)
X Y Z

3. The diagram below shows a force pump used to draw water from a well.

C Compressed Air

Atmospheric pressure

Explain how the continuous flow of water through outlet is achieved (2marks)
4. A uniform meter rule weighing 1.5 N is in a state of equilibrium when supported as shown below.

O 20 d 100
3.0N
90

3.0N
Calculate the distance, d (3 marks)
5. Oil flows through a 14cm internal diameter pipe at an average velocity of 10m/s. Find the flow
rate in SI unit (3 marks)
6. (a) State the Newton’s second law of motion (1 mark)
(b)A 90kg water skier is being pulled by a speed boat. The force causes her to accelerate at 4m/s2.
Calculate the accelerating force. (2 marks)
7. The diagram below shows a simple diagram of a vacuum flask with an enlarged view of the part in
a circle.

A C

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(a)What is the material of item labelled A and C? (1 mark)
(b)Explain why A and C is effective in reducing heat transfer. (2 marks)
8. (a) State Hooke’s law (1 mark)
(b) A mass of 200g is suspended from the lower end of a spring. If the reading when no mass is
hanging on the spring is 45.5 cm and the reading after the mass is suspended is 49.5cm. Calculate
the spring constant. (3 marks)
9. State one assumptions made during determination of the size of oil molecule in the oil drop
experiment. (1 marks)
SECTION B: 55 MARKS
10. (a) Define work and state its SI unit (2 marks)
(b) A force of 15N is applied on a body causing it to move through a distance of 2m on a surface
that offers a friction of 5N Determine the useful work done (3 marks)
(c)A man uses a pulley shown in the diagram below to lift a load of 100N through a
distance of 3m.

Effort,E

3m

(i) If the friction is negligible, what is the value of effort E (2 marks)

(ii)Determine the work done in raising the bucket through a height of 3m (2 marks)
(iii)Determine the work done by the effort,E (2 marks)
11.The figure below shows a lever arrangement with a uniform meter rule of weight 1N balanced
by a knife edge at the 30 cm mark. The 5N weight at 0cm mark balances metal block A of
-3 3
volume 2.8 x 10 m which has been immersed in liquid L. The weight of the beaker is 2.0N
and that of liquid is 3.0N. Balance E reads 15N.
O 30 50 100

24 cm
5N
1N
A
Metal block
Liquid,L

Balance E

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Determine:
(a) The apparent weight of the metal block A (2 marks)
(b) Upthrust on the metal block due to the liquid L (2 marks)
(c) The density of liquid L (2 marks)
(d) The weight of the metal block in air (2 marks)
(e) The density of the solid (2 marks)
does hydrometer have a narrow stem (1 mark)
12.A body is projected horizontally at an initial velocity of 120 m/s from a clift 300m tall. Calculate;
(a)Time of flight (2 marks)
(b)The range (2 marks)
(c)Vertical velocity at which the body strikes the ground (2 marks)
13.A stone is whirled with uniform speed in a horizontal circle having a radius of 16cm. it takes the
stone 12 seconds to describe an arc of length 8cm.
Calculate;
(a) The angular displacement (2 marks)
(b) The angular velocity (1 mark)
(c) The linear velocity of the stone (2 marks)
(d) The periodic time (2 marks)
14.(a)The diagram below shows a charcoal refrigerator used to cool milk to low temperature.

Insulating
spongy
cover

Cold milk
Wet charcoal
Metallic
tank Wire mesh

Explain how the cooling takes place in this refrigerator (2 marks)

(b) Give a reason why charcoal is suitable for cooling process (1 mark)
(c)(i) Define the term heat capacity and state its SI unit (2 marks)
(ii) An electric heater rated 15A, 240V is used to heat 2kg of water from 20°c to 1000c in 160
seconds. Determine the specific heat capacity of water. (2 marks)
(iii) Explain why the value calculated in C (ii) an estimate (2 marks)
(d) Explain how boiling point of a substance is affected by altitude (2 marks)
15.(a) Define absolute zero. (1 mark)
(b) A gas is enclosed inside a cylinder which is fitted with a frictionless piston.

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Initially, the gas has a volume V1 and is in equilibrium with an external pressure P. The piston is
then pulled backward until the volume becomes V2 which is twice V1.

V1 P P

Gas
P P

V2

(i)State the change in pressure. (1 mark)

(ii)Explain the change in pressure in (i) (2 marks)
(iii) State the law that governs the above experiment. (1 mark)
(c)The graph below shows the distribution of speeds of a gas at a particular temperature

Peak

The number
of molecules
with speed V

0
Speed V

State how the peak of the graph would change if temperature is increased. (1 mark
(d)The volume of a fixed mass of a gas reduced from 500cm3 to 300cm3 at constant pressure. The
initial temperature was 90k. Determine the final temperature. (3marks)

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KCSE 2024 FINAL PREDICTION

EXPECTED EXAM 3
232/2

PHYSICS
PAPER 2 (THEORY)
TIME: 2 HOURS

NAME……………………………………………………………………………………….

SCHOOL……………………………………………… SIGN………………………..

INDEX NO……………………………………………. ADM NO……………………

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
(a) Write your name, Index number and School in the spaces provided above
(b) Sign and write the date of the examination in the spaces provided above
(c) This paper consists of two sections; A and B
(d) Answer all the questions in section A and B in the spaces provided
(e) All workings must be clearly shown in the spaces provided below each question
(f) Non programmable silent electronic calculators may be used.
(g) Candidates should answer the questions in English

FOR EXAMINER’S USE ONLY

Section Question Maximum Score Candidate’s Score
A 1 - 13 25
14 11
15 10
B 16 12
17 10
18 12
Total Score
80

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SECTION A (25marks)
Answer all the questions in this section in the spaces provided
1. Figure 1 below shows the set – up for a simple cell.

Bulb

A Copper plate

Dil H2SO4

Figure 1.

(i) Explain how electrode A becomes negative (1mk)

(ii) Explain why the bulb goes off after only a short time. (1mk)
2. a) Figure 2 shows an object, a screen and light sources X, Y and Z.

Figure 2.
i) Complete the diagram to show the formation of a shadow (2mks)
ii) State one property of the object that makes it possible for its shadow to be formed (1mk)
3. A highly negatively charged rod is gradually brought close to the cap of a positively charged
electroscope. It is observed that the leaf collapses initially and then diverges. Explain the
observation. (2mks)
4. Distinguish between thermionic emission and photoelectric effect. (1mk)
5. Explain why mains electricity is transmitted through alternating current and not direct Current
(1mk)

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6. Figure 3 shows two mirrors inclined at an angle of 30 o to each other. A ray of light is incident on
mirrorM1 as shown

Figure 3.

Sketch the path of the ray to show its reflection (1mk)

7. Figure 4 below shows sound waves in air produced by a vibrating tuning fork. R is an air
molecule on the path of the waves.
Oscillation

Figure 4.

i) Using a line, indicate on the diagram a distance d equal to one wavelength of the wave. (1mk)
ii) In the space provided below, show with an arrow the direction of motion of the air
molecule R as the waves pass. (1mk)
8. Figure 5 below shows a bar magnet attracting steel pin as shown

S
Steel pin

Figure 5
X Y

State and explain what would happen when a North pole of a bar magnet is brought near the tips of
steel pin X and Y. (2mks)

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9. Figure 6 below shows a wave profile for a wave whose frequency is 5Hz.

Displacement (cm)

2
1

t1 t3 t5 t7 t9
-1
-2 Time (s)

Figure 6

Determine the value of t8. (2mks)

10. Figure 7 below shows circular waves originating from the principal focus F of a concave
mirror and moving towards the mirror.

Figure 7

Complete the diagram to show the reflected waves. (1mk)

11. Two heating coils A and B connected in parallel in a circuit produces power of 36W and
54W respectively. What is the ratio of the resistance of B to that of A (3mks)

12. Figure 8 below shows the path of light through a transparent material placed in air.
AIR

1390
Transparent

material
Ray of
light Figure 8.

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Calculate the refractive index of the transparent material. (3mks)
13. Figure 9 below shows an image; I formed by an object placed in front of a convex mirror.
On the diagram draw appropriate rays and locate the position of the object. (2mks)

I
F C
Figure 9.
SECTION B (55 marks)
Answer all the questions in this section in the spaces provided
14 (a) Figure 10 below shows two charged plates close to each other
++ + + + + + + + ++ + + +

Figure 10.

--------------------- - - -

(i) Complete the diagram to show the electric field patterns between the plates (1 mark)
(ii) Without changing the area of overlap, suggest any one way of increasing the charge stored
per unit voltage on the plates (2 mks)
(b) Figure 11 shows two coils P and Q placed close to each other. When the switch S is closed, an
e.m.f is induced in coil Q. Similarly, an e.m.f is induced in coil Q when the switch S is opened.
P Q

S Figure 11.
Explain why the induced current in coil Q is higher when the switch S in coil P is opened
than when it is closed. (2 mks)

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(b) The diagram in Figure 12 below shows an induction coil used to produce sparks.

C
Soft iron core Armature Contact

A
B
Figure 12.

(i) Name parts labeled A, and C (2mks)

(ii) Briefly explain how the induction coil works. (3mks)
(c) State the function of part B in the diagram. (1mk)
15. (a) Figure 13 below shows a graph of resistance against reciprocal of current. Use it to
answer the questions that follow.

Figure 13
i) Find the internal resistance, r. (2mks)
ii) Determine the e.m.f, E of the cell. (2mks)
(b) Three resistors of resistance 2 Ω, 3 Ω and 4 Ω, are to be connected to a cell such that they have
the least effective resistance.
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(i) Draw a circuit to show how they can be connected to achieve this. (1mk)
(ii) Determine the least effective resistance of the three resistors. (2mks)
(c) An electric iron rated 240V, 750w is to be connected to a 240v mains supply through a 3A fuse.
Determine whether the fuse is suitable or not. (3mks)
16. (a) (i) Name the metal used to shield X-rays operators from the radiation. Give reasons
why it is used. (2mks)
(ii)In a television set, magnetic fields are preferred for use as deflection system instead of
electric fields. Explain. (2mks)
(b) Figure 14 below show regions of the complete electromagnetic spectrum.
A Visible Light B C
X Y
Figure 14. Decreasing frequency
(i) Name the colour of light at X and Y (2mks)
(ii) Name a suitable detector for radiation B (1mk)
(c) A student connected a circuit as shown in Figure 15 below, hoping to produce a rectified output.
D1
X

a.c

To C.R.O
D2 R
Y

Figure 15.
(i) Sketch the graph of the output on the CRO screen in the space below. (1mk)
(ii) Explain how this output is produced (2mks)
(d) The figure shows a current – carrying conductor in a magnetic field direction of force on the
wire is as shown by the arrow.

Force

X Y

State the polarities of A and B. (2mks)

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17. (a) A typical nuclear fission reaction in a nuclear reactor is given below.
𝟐𝟑𝟓 𝟏 𝟏𝟒𝟖 𝟖𝟓 𝟏
𝑼 + 𝒏→ 𝑳𝒂 + 𝑩𝒓 + 𝒙 𝒏
𝟗𝟐 𝟎 𝟓𝟕 𝟑𝟓 𝟎
(i) What is meant by nuclear fusion? (1mk)
(ii) Find the value of x. (1mk)
(iii) How are the neutrons produced used in the reactor? (1mk)
(b) Figure 16 below shows the diagram of a Geiger – Muller tube connected to a power supply
and a pulse counter.
Argon and bromine
gas at low pressure
Mica window Insulator
Radiations

400kV

R
Cathode Anode
Figure 16 Pulse counter

(i) Why should the Argon gas be at low pressure? (1mk)

(ii) State the purpose of the bromine gas in the tube (1mk)
(iii) Suggest one way of increasing the sensitivity of the tube (1mk)
(c) Figure 17 below shows an arrangement used to investigate photoelectric effect
Colour filter

White Light

A C


V
J

- +
Figure 17
i) What is the purpose of the colour filter? (1mk)
ii) State two measurable quantities in this set up (2mks)
iii) State how the intensity of light affects photo current (1mk)

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18. (a) Under what conditions does a converging lens form Virtual images(1 mk)
(b) Sketch on a diagram to illustrate how a convex lens is used as a magnifying glass. 3mks)
(c)The diagram in Figure 18 below shows a three-pin plug.

Figure 18.
(i) Name the colour of conductors P and Q (2 marks)
(ii) Why is the earth pin longer than the rest in the three-pin plug shown above? (1 mark)
(b) Figure 19 shows the displacement of a practice in progressive wave incident on a boundary
between deep and shallow regions.

Deep Shallow

Figure 19.
(i) Complete the diagram to show what is observed after boundary. (1mk)
(ii) Explain the observation in (i) above. (1mk)
(c) Concave mirrors are used by dentists to examine teeth. By use of a ray diagram show how this
is achieved. (3 marks)

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KCSE 2024 FINAL PREDICTION

EXPECTED EXAM 4
232/1 Physics (Theory) Paper 1
Time: 2 Hours

NAME…………………………………………………………………………………………

SCHOOL……………………………………………… SIGN…………………………..

INDEX NO……………………………………………. ADM NO………………………

Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education.

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
 This paper consists of two sections A and B.
 Answer all the questions in the two sections in the spaces provided after each question
 All working must be clearly shown.
 Electronic calculators, mathematical tables may be used.
 All numerical answers should be expressed in the decimal notations.
 You may use ‘g’ as 10m/s2

For Examiner use only

SECTION QUESTION MAX MARKS SCORE

A 1 – 14 25
15 08
16 13
B 17 14
18 11
19 09
TOTAL 80

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SECTION A (25 MARKS)
Answer all the questions in this section in the spaces provided
1. Figure 1 shows a section of a burette filled with a colourless liquid.

Figure 1
Figure 1(b) shows a magnified scale indicating new level of liquid in the burette after some volume x
of the liquid has been removed.
(a) State the new level of the liquid shown in figure 1(b). (1mk)
(ii) Determine the value of x. (1mk)
2. A form one student set up the apparatus as shown in figure 2.

Water
Floating wax
Wax fitted with
lead shot Flame

Figure 2

was heated in the middle as shown

(i) Which wax melted? (1mk)
(ii) Explain your answer in (i) above. (1mk)
3. State the SI unit of gravitational field intensity. (1mk)

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4. Define force in terms of momentum (1mk)
5. A body is uniformly accelerated from rest to a final velocity of 100ms-2 in 10s. Determine the
distance covered. (2mks)
6. Figure 3 shows a siphon used to empty a tank.

In order to start the siphon, give a reason why the tube must be filled with a liquid and end X must be
below the level of the liquid in the tank. (2mks)
7. Explain how a piece of chalk can be used to demonstrate that matter is made up of tiny particles.
(1mk)
8. The figure 4 shows a uniform meter rule of weight 1N with two weights of weight 0.18N and
0.12N suspend from its ends.
0 50 100 cm

0.18 N W = 1N 0.12 N

Determine how far from the 0.18 N weight a pivot should be placed in order to balance meter rule.
(3mks)
9. State any two changes that can be made to a fluid flowing in a streamline flow to make it
turbulent flow. (2mks)
10. The solid marble shown below is in a stable equilibrium. On the space provided, sketch the same
marble in a neutral state of equilibrium (1mk)

Figure 3

11. Show that the impulsive force on an object can be expressed as F = ma. (3mks)
12. Figure 6 shows a beaker full of water at 90oC. The beaker is fitted with two identical
thermometers A and B and a cold wet clothe wrapped around the middle of the beakers as shown
in the diagram.

(i) State which thermometer will show a lower reading after some minutes. (1mk)
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(ii) Explain your answer in (i) above. (1mk)
13. Two springs X and Y are defined as follows: X has a spring constant of 25N/m and Y has a
spring constant of Y. Sketch on the axes below graphs representing the behaviour of X and Y.
(1mk)

Force

Extension

14. In an oil drop experiment to determine the size of an oil molecule certain assumptions are usually
made. State any two assumptions. (2mks)

SECTION B (55 MARKS)

Answer all questions in the spaces provided below each question.
15. (a) The graph in figure 7 shows changes of pressure and volume of a fixed mass of a gas.
Figure 4

(i) Calculate the volume of the gas at B. (4mks)

(ii) I. Name the gas law represented by the graph between B and C. (1mk)
II. Give one way of increasing pressure at constant volume between B and C. (1mk)
(b) Show that density of a fixed mass of a gas is directly proportional to the pressure at constant
temperature. (3mks)
16. (a) Define angular velocity as used in circular motion. (1mk)
a) The graph in figure 8 was obtained in an experiment to investigate the variation of the centripetal
force, F, with the radius, r of the circle on a turn table.

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Given that the relationship between force, F, and radius, r, is of the form F = mω2r + C. Where c is a
constant. Determine the angular velocity, w and the constant C of the body given that m = 100g.
(4mks)
(c) Explain why the earth is said to be accelerating when revolving around the sun at constant speed.
(1mk)
1. Figure 9 below shows a toy attached to a string and made to move along a vertical circle in an
anti-clockwise direction.

(i) Sketch on the diagram above, the path followed by the trolley if the string cuts when it is at
position P. (1mk)
(ii) the variation of tension in the string with time as the trolley moved along the vertical
circle was plotted in the graph shown in figure 10.

I. Mark on the graph the points T corresponding to position P in the circle shown in figure 12 above
(1mk)
II. Give a reason why the graph is not touching the time axis (1mk)
e) A body moving with uniform angular velocity found to have covered an angular distance 170
radians in t seconds. Thirteen seconds later it is found to have covered a total angular distance of
300 radians. Determine t. (4mks)
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17. (a) The figure 11 shows a domestic refrigerator.

(i) Name the parts P and Q (2mks)

(ii) Explain how cooling is achieved in the refrigerator. (3mks)
(iii) The shelves in a refrigerator are made of metal gauze instead of metal plates. Explain.
(2mks)
(b) A copper can together with a stirrer of total heat capacity 60J/k contains 200g of water at 10oC.
Dry steam at 1000C is passed in while the water is stirred until the whole reach a temperature of
300C. Determine the mass of steam condensed. (Specific heat capacity of water=4200J/kgK and
specific latent heat of vaporization of steam(water) =2260000J/kg). (5mks)
c) Increase in pressure increases the boiling point of a liquid. Explain how a pressure cooker helps in
achieving this situation. (2mks)
18. (a) State the law of flotation. (1mk)
(b) You are provided with the following;
-A block of wood, a spring balance, thin thread, overflow can, measuring cylinder and some liquid.
With the aid of labelled diagram(s) describe an experiment to verify the law of flotation. (5mks)
c) Determine the minimum volume of copper that must be attached to a cork of mass 25g so that the
two just submerge in water. (Relative density of copper and cork are 9.0 and 0.25 respectively).
(3mks)
d) State two reasons why density bottle may be preferred to measure relative density. (2mks)
19 (a) Figure 12 shows a lever being used to raise a load of 100N.

(i) Determine
(I) the effort applied. (2mks)
(II) The velocity ratio and mechanical advantage. (2mks)
III) Efficiency of the machine. (2mks)
(b) Give two ways in which the mechanical advantage could be increased. (2mks)
THIS IS THE LAST PRINTED PAGE

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KCSE 2024 FINAL PREDICTION

EXPECTED EXAM 4
232/2 Physics (Theory) Paper 2
Time: 2 Hours

NAME…………………………………………………………………………………………

SCHOOL……………………………………………… SIGN…………………………..

INDEX NO……………………………………………. ADM NO………………………

Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education.

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
 Write your name, admission number, index number, name of school and signature in the spaces
provided above.
 This paper consists of two sections A and B
 Answer all questions in section A and B in the spaces provided
 All working must be shown in the spaces provided.
 Mathematical tables and non-programmable electronic calculators may be used

FOR OFFICIAL USE

SECTION QUESTION MAX. SCORE CANDIDATE’S
SCORE
A 1-14 25
15 14
16 12
B 17 13
19 09
18 07
TOTAL SCORE 80

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SECTION A (25 MARKS)
Answer all the questions in the spaces provided
1. Figure 1 shows a ray of light incident on a plane mirror. The mirror is rotated anticlockwise through
an angle of 100.

Figure 5
Determine the angle between the incident ray and the new reflected ray. (2marks)
2. Figures 2 (a) and 2 (b) show two circuits with identical cells and bulbs.

(a) (b)
Figure 6
State, with a reason, in which circuit the bulbs will be brighter. (2 marks)
3. Figure 3 shows a wooden rod placed between two bar magnets.

Figure 7
Sketch the resulting magnetic pattern in the arrangement in figure 3. (1 mark)
4. Figure 4 shows a circuit used by a student to investigate the effect of current on a coil.

Figure 8
(i) The coil feels warmer after closing the switch. Explain. (1 mark)
(ii) The ammeter and voltmeter reading in figure 4 is 1.5A and 4.1V respectively. Calculate the
energy developed in 1 minute. (2 marks)
5. Give the difference between Infra-red and Ultraviolet radiation in terms of their production
(1 mark)
6. On the grid provided below, show the display on the CRO screen of an AC signal peak voltage
400V and a frequency 50Hz when the time base is on. (Y-gain at 200V/div, time base at 5ms/div)
(2 marks)
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7. Figure 5 shows a virtual image I formed by a convex mirror.

Figure 9
Draw a ray diagram to locate the object. (3 marks)
8. The figure 6 shows a cathode ray beam entering a magnetic field, perpendicular to the plane of the
paper. Complete the diagram to show the path of the beam in the field. (1 mark)

. . .

Cathode rays

Figure 6
9. Uranium 235 was bombarded with a neutron and fission took place in the following manner.
𝟐𝟑𝟓 𝟏 𝟗𝟎 𝐚 𝟏
𝐔 + 𝐧→ 𝐑𝐧 + 𝐗 + 𝟏𝟎 𝐧
𝟗𝟐 𝟎 𝟑𝟖 𝐛 𝟎
Determine the values of a and b (2 marks)
10. Figure 7 shows bulbs connected in a household.

(i) Identify any mistake in the circuit. (1 mark)

(ii) Draw the correct connection of the circuit. (1 mark)
11. The resistance of a metal conductor increases with increase in temperature. Explain
(2 marks)
12. State what is meant by the term doping as used in diode. (1 mark)
13.Two students stand 300m from a wall. One bangs two pieces of wood together and at the same time,
the other starts a stop watch. They hear an echo after 1.8 seconds. Determine the speed of sound in
air. (2 marks)
14. Define wavelength as used in longitudinal wave. (1 mark)
SECTION B (55 MARKS)
Answer all the questions in this section in the spaces provided.
15 a) Figure 8 shows the parts and circuit of a modern X-ray tube.

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Figure 8
(i) State and explain how the following changes affect the nature of X-rays produced:
I.increasing the potential across MN. (2 marks)
II.increasing the filament current. (2 marks)
(ii) The material of Q should withstand a lot of heat. State the source of heat in the tube. (1 mark)
(iii) State the property of lead which makes it suitable as a shield. (1 mark)
(iv) Give a reason for the shape of part R. (1 mark)
b) A 5F and a 3F capacitor are connected in series with a 6V battery.
(i) Sketch and label the circuit diagram showing the arrangement. (2 marks)
(ii) Determine;
I.The potential difference across the 5F. (4 marks)
II.The charge stored in the circuit. (1 mark)
(d) State one use of a charged gold leaf electroscope. (1 mark)
16.(a) State what is meant by the term mutual induction. (1 mark)
(b) Figure 9 shows two coils wound on a laminated soft iron core. It is connected to a 300V mains
supply.

Figure 9
(i) Identify the type of the transformer in figure 9. (1 mark)
(ii) The transformer in figure 9 loses 20% of the input energy into heat per second. Determine the
maximum current measured on the ammeter, if the input current is 2A. (3 marks)
(iii) Explain how energy losses in the transformer in figure 9 are minimized by having:
(I) a soft iron core. (1 mark)
(II) a laminated core. (1 mark)
(b) Figure 10 shows two identical copper coils X and Y placed close to each other. Coil X is
connected to a DC power supply while coil Y is connected to a galvanometer.

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Figure 10
i) Explain what is observed on the galvanometer when the switch is closed. (4mks)
ii) State what is observed on the galvanometer when the switch is opened. (1mk)
17. (a) Apart from light moving from an optically denser medium to less dense medium, state the
other condition for total internal reflection. (1 mark)
(b) Figure 11 below shows the path of light through a transparent material placed in air.

Determine the refractive index of the transparent material. (3marks)

c) (i) Figure 12 shows an object O placed in front of an objective lens Lo whose focal length fo is
less than fe the focal length of the eye piece lens Le. Complete using ray construction how the
arrangement would produce the final image. (3 marks)

Figure 12
(i) An object is placed 25cm from the objective lens of focal length 15cm.On the other side of
the objective lens another converging lens of focal length 30cm is placed as the eye piece
lens. The distance between the two lenses is 52.5cm. Determine;
I. The position of the first image. (3 marks)
II. The position of the final image from the eye piece lens. (3 marks)
18. State two factors which determine the speed of photoelectrons emitted from a metal surface.
(2 marks)

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c) Figure 13 shows a graph of the square of the maximum velocity (V max)2 of the emitted
photoelectrons against the frequency (f) of the radiation causing photoelectric effect on a
clean zinc plate.

Figure 13
(i) Determine the slope of the graph. (2 mks)
2ℎ 2ℎ
The equation of the line is V2 = f – fo where m = 9.11 x 10-31 kg
𝑚 𝑚
(ii) From the graph determine the:
(I) minimum frequency of the radiation that will cause emission of electrons from the zinc surface.
(1 mark)
(II) Planck’s constant. (2 mrks)
(III) minimum amount of energy required to just emit electrons from the zinc surface. (2 marks)
19. Figure 14 shows a set up for observing interference of waves from two sources S1 and S2. The points C
and D represent positions of the constructive and destructive interference respectively as observed on
the screen.

(a) If the observation was made in a ripple tank, describe:

(i) How the two sets of coherent waves were produced. (2 marks)
(ii) How the constructive and destructive interferences are identified. (1 mark)
(b) Explain how the constructive interference C and destructive interference D patterns are produced.
(2 marks)
(c) Draw:
(i) The line joining all points where waves S 1 and S2 have travelled equal distance. Label it A.
(1 mark)
(ii) The line joining all points where waves from S 2 have travelled one wavelength further than the waves
from S1. Label it B. (1 mark)

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 KCSE 2024 FINAL PREDICTIONS MWALIMU CONSULTANCY

KCSE 2024 FINAL PREDICTION

EXPECTED EXAM 5
232/1 Physics Paper 1
Time: 2 Hours

NAME………………………………………………………………………………………

SCHOOL……………………………………………… SIGN……………………..

INDEX NO……………………………………………. ADM NO………………………

Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education.

INSTRUCTIONS TO THE CANDIDATES:

1) Write your name and index number in the spaces provided above.
2) Answer all the questions both in section A and B in the spaces provided below each question
3) All workings must be clearly shown; marks may be awarded for correct steps even if the answers
are wrong.
4) Mathematical tables and silent electronic calculators may be used. Take g = 10m/s2
FOR EXAMINERS’ USE ONLY
SECTION QUESTION MAX SCORE CANDIDATE’SSCORE
A 1 - 10 25
B 11 11
12 10
13 10
14 13
15 11
TOTAL 80

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 KCSE 2024 FINAL PREDICTIONS MWALIMU CONSULTANCY
SECTION A(25 MARKS)
Answer questions in this section.
1. The figure below shows part of a vernier callipers when the jaws are closed without an object in
between the jaws.

a) State the zero error of the vernier callipers. (1mk)

b) A student used the same vernier calipers to measure the diameter of a test tube of actual diameter
2.15cm. What was the reading shown by the vernier callipers? (2mks)
2. The diagram below shows a bimetallic wheel whose diameter is not affected by changes in
temperature. Briefly explain how the diameter of the wheel remains unchanged as the temperature
increases. (3mks)

3. The figure below shows a pith ball being lifted into a funnel end of a blower.

Explain this observation (2mks)

4. A uniform meter rule of mass 40g is pivoted at the 60cm mark and held horizontal with a vertical
rope as shown below. Determine the tension in the rope. (3 mks)

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5. A uniform mixture consists of 30cm3 of water and 40cm3 of ethanol. If the densities of water and
ethanol are 1 g/cm3 and 0.85 g/cm3 respectively. Calculate the density of the mixture. (3mks)
6. Water flows through a narrow pipe of radius 6cm connected to another pipe of radius 9mm. If the
speed of water in the narrow pipe is 3mIs, determine the speed of water in the wider section.
(3mks)
7. State one way of making the surface tension of a liquid stronger. (1mk)
8. A car undergoes uniform retardation from 36km/h covering a distance of 25m. Calculate its
deceleration (2mks)
9. A constant mass of hydrogen occupies a volume of 4.0 cm3 at a pressure of 2.0 x 105 Pa and a
temperature of 288K. Calculate the volume of this gas at a pressure of 1.6x 10 5 Pa when the
temperature is 125K. (3mks)
10. The figure below shows the change in volume of a liquid in a measuring cylinder when an
irregular solid is immersed in it.

Given that the mass of the solid is 540g, determine the density of the solid in g/cm3. (2 mks)
SECTION B (55 MARKS)
Answer ALL questions in this section.
a) A machine is a device that enables work to be done more easily and conveniently. State any two
ways in which a machine makes work easier. (2 marks)
b) Figure 7 shows a wheel and axle being used to raise a load W by applying an effort E. The radius
of the wheel is R and of the axle is r.

R
i) Show that the velocity ratio (V.R) of this machine is given by (3 Marks)
r
ii) Given that r = 5cm and R = 50cm, determine the effort required to raise a load of 200N if the
efficiency of the machine is 90%. (3 mks)
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c) An airtight flask containing a gas is connected to a mercury manometer. The levels of
mercury in the two limbs of the manometer are as shown in the diagram below.

Calculate the pressure of the gas (Density of mercury = 1.36 x 10 4 kg/m3 and atmospheric pressure =
1.0 x105 N/m2) (3mks)
12. a) State the law of flotation. (1 mk)
b) A block of glass of mass 0.25kg floats in mercury of density 1.36 x 10 4kgm-3. What volume of the
glass lies under the surface of mercury? (3 mks)
c) A steady force of 3000N is applied to stop a car of mass 1500Kg moving at a velocity of 40m/s.
How long does the vehicle take to stop? (3 mks)
d) A lift car carries 16 passengers of total mass 1200 Kg. Calculate the force exerted on the lift floor
when the lift accelerates upwards at 1.5 m/s2. (3mks)
13. a) Define a radian (1mk)
b) Three masses are placed on a rotating table at distances 6cm, 9cm and 12cm respectively from
the centre of rotation. When the frequency of rotation is varied it is noted that each mass slides off
at a different frequency of rotation of the table. The table below shows the frequency at which each
mass slides off.
Radius, r (cm) 12 9 6

Sliding off frequency (rev/s) 0.5 0.8 1.1

i) State two factors that determine the frequency at which each mass slides off. (2 marks)
ii) Oil is now poured on the table before placing the masses. Explain the effect of this on the frequency
at which the mass slides off. (2 mks)
c) A marked point on a rim of a wheel has a linear velocity of 11 .2m/s. If the rim has a radius of
0.8m, calculate;
i) The angular velocity of the point (3 mks)
ii) The centripetal acceleration. (2 mks)
14. (a) What is meant by specific latent heat of Vaporization? (1mk)
(b) In an experiment to determine the specific latent heat of vaporization of water, steam at
100°C was passed into water contained in a well lagged copper calorimeter.
The following measurements were made:
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Mass of calorimeter = 50g
Initial mass of water =70g
Initial temperature of water = 5°C
Final mass of water + Calorimeter + condensed steam = 123g
Final temperature of mixture =30°C
Specific heat capacity of water = 4200Jkg-1k-1
Specific heat capacity of copper =390J kg-1k-1.
Determine the:
(i) Mass of condensed steam (2mks)
(ii) Heat gained by water and calorimeter. (3mks)
(c) Given that L is the specific latent heat of vaporization of steam
(i) Write an expression for the heat given out by steam. (1 mk)
(ii) Determine the value of L (3mks)
(d) 500g of water at 20°C is mixed with 200g of water at 55°C Find the final temperature of the
mixture. (3mks)
15. a) State Hooke’s law. (1mk)
b) The graph shows how extension of a helical spring varied with load, hanging on it.

Determine from the graph, the proportionality constant of the spring. (3mks)
c) State two factors that affect the proportionality constant of a helical spring. (2mks)

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d) Two springs Q and R have proportionality constants 20Nm-1 and 25Nm-1 respectively. Q weighs
0.2 N while the weight of R is negligible. The two springs are arranged to support a load of 3.ON as
shown in the diagram below.

Determine the extension in

i) Q (2mks)
ii) R (2mks)

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 KCSE 2024 FINAL PREDICTION
EXPECTED EXAM 5
232/2 Physics Paper 2
(THEORY)
Time: 2 Hours

NAME………………………………………………………………………………………

SCHOOL……………………………………………… SIGN……………………..

INDEX NO……………………………………………. ADM NO………………………

Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education.

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:
(a) Write your Name and Index Number in the spaces provided above.
(b) Sign and write the date of examination in the spaces provided above.
(c) This paper consists of two Sections; A and B.
(d) Answer ALL the questions in sections A and B in the spaces provided.
(e) All workings must be clearly shown.
(f) Non-programmable silent electronic calculators and KNEC Mathematical tables may be used.

FOR EXAMINER’S USE ONLY:

Section Question Maximum Candidate’s
Score Score
A 1 – 13 25
14 10
15 13
B 16 12
17 8
18 12
Total Score 80
KCSE 2024 FINAL PREDICTIONS MWALIMU CONSULTANCY
SECTION A: (25 MARKS)
Answer all questions in this section in the spaces provided:
1. State two conditions under which a pinhole camera may form an image on its screen which has
the same size as the object. (2mks)
2. The figure shows a ray of light incident along the normal. The mirror is rotated at an angle of
15º in a clockwise direction without changing the position of the incident ray,

Determine the angle between the reflection ray and the incident ray. (2mks)
3. A steel is to be magnetized by electrical method as shown below. Identify the pole P and Q of
the resulting magnet. (1mk)

P: _________________________________________________________________________
Q: _________________________________________________________________________
4. A small chain is often seen hanging at the back of a petrol carrying lorry. State and explain its
significance. (2mks)
5. The figure below shows two waveforms representing the same wave motion.

Determine the velocity of the wave. (3mks)

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6. An object O is placed in front of a concave mirror and on the principal axis, as shown in the
figure below. Complete the light ray diagram to locate the position of the image. (3mks)

C F

7. Arrange the following radiations in order of increasing wavelengths. (1mk)

Infrared, blue light, ultraviolet, radiowaves, -rays.
8. The figure below shows a block diagram of a p-n junction diode.

On the same diagram, show how a cell may be connected so that it is reverse biased. (1mk)
9. A girl standing at a distance claps her hands and hears an echo from a tall building 2 seconds
later. If the speed of sound in air is 340m/s, determine how far the building is. (3mks)
10. What do you understand by polarization as used in a simple cell? (1mk)
11. State how the defect mentioned in question 10 above is minimized in a simple cell. (1mk)
12. A current-carrying conductor AB is in a magnetic field as shown in the figure below.

(a)Indicate the direction of force F acting on the conductor. (1mk)

(b)State two factors that determine the direction of the force F. (2mks)
13.You are given three resistors of values 5, 8 and 12. Show in a circuit diagram how you
would connect them so as to give:
(a)An effective resistance of 9.8. (2mks)
(b)The least effective resistance. (1mk)
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 KCSE 2024 FINAL PREDICTIONS MWALIMU CONSULTANCY
SECTION B: (55 MARKS)
Answer question in this section in the spaces provided.
14.(a)Define refractive index. (1mk)
(b)The critical angle of a certain material medium is 43.2º. Determine the refractive index of the
material. (2mks)
(c)(i)What do you understand by the term accommodation? (1mk)
(ii) The diagram below shows a certain defect of vision. Name the defect. (1mk)

(iii)On the figure below show how the defect can be corrected. (2mks)

(d)An object is placed 40cm in front of a concave lens of focal length 20cm; determine the
position of the image. (3mks)
15.(a)(i)State Lenz’s a law of electromagnetic induction. (1mk)
(ii) A bar magnet is moved into a coil of insulated copper wire connected to a centre-zero
galvanometer, as shown in the figure below.

i.Show on the diagram the direction of induced current in the coil. (1mk)
ii.State and explain clearly what is observed on the galvanometer when the S-pole of the magnet
is moved into and then withdrawn from the coil. (4mks)

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(b)A transformer has 800 turns in the primary and 40 turns in the secondary winding.
The alternating e.m.f connected to the primary is 240V and the current is 0.5A.
(i) Determine
I. The secondary e.m.f (2mks)
II. The power in the secondary if the transformer is 95% efficient. (2mks)
(ii) Explain how energy losses in a transformer are reduced by having:
I. A soft-iron core. (2mks)
II. A laminated core. (1mk)
16(a)(i)Distinguish between thermionic emission and photoelectric emission. (2mks)
(ii)State one factor which affects the rate of each of the above types of emission.
Thermionic emission. (1mk)
Photoelectric emission. (1mk)
(b)Sodium has a work function of 2.3eV. Given that: Planck’s constant h = 6.63  10
-34JS, velocity of light in vacuum, C = 3.0  108m/s, 1 electron-volt (1eV) = 1.6  10-19 C and mass
of an electron, me = 9.1  10-31kg, calculate:
(i)Its threshold frequency. (2mks)
(ii)the maximum velocity of the photoelectrons produced when the sodium is illuminated by light
of wavelength 5.0  10-7m. (4mks)
(iii)The stopping potential V, with the light of this wavelength. (2mks)
17.(a)State two advantages of using a Cathode Ray Oscilloscope (C.R.O) as a voltmeter over the
ordinary voltmeter. (2mks)
(b)An X-ray operates at 30000V and the current through it is 2mA. Given that the charge of an
electron is 1.6  10-19C, h = 6.63  10-34JS, speed of light, C = 3.0  108m/s,
Calculate:-
(i) The maximum kinetic energy of the electrons when hitting the target. (2mks)
(ii)The number of electrons hitting the target per second. (2mks)
(iii)The minimum wavelength of the X-rays emitted. (2mks)
18.(a)A radioactive carbon-14 decays to nitrogen by beta particles as shown below.
14C   N  0 e
6 7 y

Determine the values of  and y. (2mks)

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(b)The graph below shows the activity (disintegrations per minute) of a sample of carbon-14
against the time in years.
(i)From the graph determine the half-life of carbon-14. (2mks)
(ii) A mass of 100g of carbon-14 decays and the mass taken after 15000 years. Determine the
mass that remains. (3mks)
(c) The figure below shows the cross-section of a diffusion cloud chamber used to detect
radiation from radioactive sources.

(i) State the function of the following:

I. Alcohol. (1mk)
II. Solid CO2. (1mk)
(ii)Explain briefly how the diffusion cloud chamber can be used to detect and identify alpha
particles. (3mks)

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KCSE 2024 FINAL PREDICTION

EXPECTED EXAM 6
232/1

PHYSICS
PAPER 1 (THEORY)
TIME: 2 HOURS

NAME……………………………………………………………………………………….

SCHOOL……………………………………………… SIGN………………………..

INDEX NO……………………………………………. ADM NO……………………

(Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education)

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
1. Write your name, admission number and index number in the spaces provided
2. Sign and write the date of examination in the spaces provided
3. This paper consists of TWO sections A and B
4. Answer ALL questions in the spaces provided
5. Answers must be in ink and English
5. Mathematical table and electronic calculators may be used.
6. ALL working MUST be shown clearly where necessary.
Take: acceleration due to gravity g = 10m/s2
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
SECTION QUESTION MAXIMUM SCORE CANDIDATE’S SCORES
A 1 - 12 25
B 13 11
14 11
15 13
16 09
17 11
TOTAL SCORE 80

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SECTION A (25 MARKS)
Attempt ALL questions in this section.
1. Name the branch of physics that deals with solar water heating system. (1 mark)
2. Define the term “Ideal gas” as used in gas laws (1 mark)
3. At Thompson falls water, falls through a height of 30m. Calculate the final temperature if the
temperature at the top is 14°C (Take g = 10 N/kg and s.h.c of water = 4200 J/kgK) (3 marks)
4. State two conditions that must be fulfilled for a body to be in equilibrium (2 marks)
5. The figure below shows a graph of velocity against time for a moving body.

Determine the distance covered by the body during the 10 seconds (3 marks)
6. Smoke is enclosed in smoke cell and sealed. When illuminated and viewed under a microscope, it
is observed to be moving in continuous random motion. State and explain the observation when
cold water is poured on the smoke cell. (2 marks)
7. The pressure inside a submarine is maintained at 500m of mercury(500mHg). Determine the depth
at which the submarine will be safe from implosion taking the density of water as 1.025g/cm3 and
atmospheric pressure = 760cmHg. (Take the density of mercury as 13600 Kg/m3) (3 marks)
8. Explain why two cars are likely to crush as they travel at high velocities sideways. (2 marks)
9. When a body of mass 0.25kg is acted on by a force, its velocity changes from 5.0 m/s to 7.5m/s,
determine the impulse of the force. (2 marks)
10. State two factors that affect the spring constant of springs made from the same wire. (2mks)
11. Draw a well labeled diagram of a clinical thermometer. (3 marks)
12. Differentiate between solids, liquids and gases in terms of thermal conductivity. (1 mark)

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SECTION B (55 MARKS) Attempt ALL questions in this section.
13. The figure below shows a hydraulic press supporting a load F.

a) What properties of oils make them suitable for use in hydraulic machines such as the one above?
(2marks)
b) If A and a are areas of cross-section of the pistons, and the lengths of the arm are as given, find: i.
The force Fa (2 marks)
ii. The force F0 (2 marks)
c) The mechanical advantage of the machine (1mark)
d) The velocity ratio of the machine (3 marks)
e) State one reason why the efficiency of a pulley system is always less than 100% (1 mark)
14. a) State Newton’s third law of motion. (1 mark)
b) Distinguish between elastic and inelastic collision. (2 marks)
c) A mini bus of mass 2000kg travelling at a constant velocity of 20m/s collides with a stationary car
of mass 1000kg. The impact takes 2 seconds before the two moves together at a constant velocity
for half a minute. Calculate.
i) The common velocity (3 marks)
ii) The distance moved after impact. (2 marks)
iii) The change in Kinetic energy. (3 marks)
15. a) State the law of floatation. (1 mark)
3
b) The figure below shows a floating object of volume 4000cm and mass 10g. It is held as
shown in water of density 1.25g/cm3 by a light cable at the bottom so that ¾ of the volume of the
object is below the water surface ( Assume the upthrust due to air is negligible).
Object

Water

Cable

Calculate the volume of the object under water. (2 marks)

ii) Calculate the weight of water displaced. (3 marks)
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iii) Determine the tension in the cable. (2 marks)
iv) Calculate the density of the object. (2 marks)
c) The diagram below shows a car acid hydrometer.

(i)Indicate on the diagram above the minimum and the maximum measurement to be taken.(1 mrk)
(ii) State the reason why
I. The bulb is wide. (1 mark)
II. Lead shots are used (1 mark)
16. (a) State what is meant by the term ‘specific latent heat of vaporization’ (1mark)
b) In an experiment to determine the specific latent heat of vaporization of water, steam at 100°C was
passed into water at 5°C contained in a well-lagged copper calorimeter. The following
measurements were made;
Mass of calorimeter 50g
Initial mass of water 70g
Final mass of calorimeter + water + condensed steam = 123g
Final temperature of mixture = 30°C
(Specific heat capacity of water =4200 Jkg-1 K-1, specific heat capacity for copper
=390 Jkg-1 K-1)
(i) Determine the:
I. Mass of condensed steam (2 marks)
II. Heat gained by the calorimeter and water (3 marks)
(ii) Given that L is the specific latent heat of vaporization of steam, determine the value of L.
(3 marks)
17. a) Define the term angular velocity. (1 mark)

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b) A body of mass 5 kg is whirled horizontally making a conical pendulum as shown in the diagram
below

60°

i.State what happens when the speed of whirling is increased (1 mark)

ii. If the radius of the path is 50cm and the centripetal force is 285N. Determine the linear velocity of
the mass (3 marks)
c) A stone is whirled in a vertical circle as shown in the figure below using a string of length 40 cm.
A, B, C and D are various positions of the stone in its motion. The stone makes 2 revolutions per
second and has a mass of 100g.

i) Calculate:
I. The angular velocity (2 marks)
II. The tension on the string at position A (3 marks)
(ii) At C where the stone has acquired a constant angular speed, the string cuts. What is the name
given to the path followed by the stone? (1 mark)
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KCSE 2024 FINAL PREDICTIONS MWALIMU CONSULTANCY

KCSE 2024 FINAL PREDICTION

EXPECTED EXAM 6
232/2

PHYSICS
PAPER 2 (THEORY)
TIME: 2 HOURS

NAME……………………………………………………………………………………….

SCHOOL……………………………………………… SIGN………………………..

INDEX NO……………………………………………. ADM NO……………………

(Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education)

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
 Write your name, admission number, class and index number in the spaces provided above.
 Attempt ALL questions in sections A and B.
 All your answers must be written in the spaces provided in this question paper.
 All working must be clearly shown
 Non programmable silent electronic calculators and KNEC mathematical tables may be used .

FOR EXAMINER’S USE ONLY

Section Question (s) Max. Score Candidates Score
A 1 – 13 25
14 9
15 11
16 11
17 12
B 18 12
Total 80

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KCSE 2024 FINAL PREDICTIONS MWALIMU CONSULTANCY
SECTION A: (25 MARKS)
1. A student rubs an iron rod with a duster. State with reason whether the rod became charged or not.
(2mk)
2. A pinhole camera of length 10cm forms an image of a magnification 0.85.Calculate the distance
between the object and pinhole of the camera. (3mk)
3. Briefly describe how you can demagnetise a bar magnet using electrical method. (3mk)
4. You are provided with three cells each of 1.5V emf. What is the effective emf when the three cells
are connected in parallel? (1mk)
5. A candle is placed in front of a spherical mirror. A sharp image is formed on the screen. State with
reason the type of spherical mirror used. (2mk)
6. A copper rod AB is placed on two other rods in horizontal positions and within the magnetic
field. The rod is placed such that the field of the permanent magnet is parallel to the length of
rod AB as shows below.

State with reason whether the rod rolls when the switch is closed or not? (2mk)
7. The figure below shows a displacement time graph of a given wave.

Determine the frequency of this wave. (2mk)

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8. The figure below shows a light ray from glass towards air.

(i = angle of incidence and c = the critical angle)

Complete the diagram to show direction taken by the ray hence determine the angle of refraction
showing it on the diagram. (2mks)
9. When air is blown over the mouth of a test tube, sound is heard. What causes the sound produced?
(1mk)
10.Two resistors 8 Ω and 5 Ω are connected in parallel to each other and across a battery of emf 6V.
If the battery has internal resistance of 1.25 Ω, calculate the total current circulating in the circuit.
(3mk)
11. A plane water wave moves from a deep region to a shallow region as shown.

Name two quantities of the wave which are affected when it crosses the boundary and for each one of
them state how it is affected. (2mk)
12. When a hollow conductor is charged in its inner surface and then the conductor is tested for
presence of charge at the inner side, state the expected observation. (1mk)
13. Arrange the following in order of increasing wavelength. Microwave, x ray, visible light, UV.
(1mk)
SECTION B (55 MARKS)
14 (a) The figure below shows an image formed by a biconcave lens.

F is the principal focus.

(¡) Complete the ray diagram to locate the object. (2mk)
(¡¡) From your diagram calculate the magnification. (1mk)

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(b) The figure below shows an eye with a defect.

(¡) Name the defect. (1mk)

(¡¡)Explain this defect in relation to how the person view objects at different distances. (2mk)
(¡¡¡) In the space provided below redraw the diagram above and complete it to show how a lens is
used to correct the defect. (3mk)
15a (¡) Explain how the n-type semiconductor is made (1mk)
(¡)The figure below shows p-n junction diode

n p

Complete the diagram to show how you can connect the diode in forward bias (1mk)
(b)X-rays are electromagnetic waves produced in x-ray tubes.
(¡) Briefly describe how x-rays are produced. (1mk)
(¡¡) Name the material used to make the metal target in an X ray tube. (1mk)
(¡¡¡) State the reason why the material named in (¡¡) above is preferred over other materials. (1mk)
(¡v) How can intensity of x-rays produced in an x-ray tube be increased? (1mk)
(c) An x-ray tube has an accelerating voltage of 80KV. (Given that the planks constant
h =6.63×10-34 Js, electron charge (e) =1.6×10-19 C, mass of electron (me) =9.1×10-31 kg)
Determine;
(¡) maximum frequency of x-rays produced. (2mks)
(¡¡)Velocity of electrons in the x-ray tube. (3mks)
16(a). A radioactive source produces the beta and alpha particles which then moves through
magnetic field (see the figure below).

Radioactive
substance

Complete the diagram to indicate the path taken by the two radiations. (Label your diagram).
(2mk)
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(b)Uranium disintegrates as shown below

(¡) identify radiations A and B (2mk)

(c)A d.c voltage of 75V is applied to the Y plates of a CRO set at Y-gain sensitivity of 20V/cm
(¡)Determine how far the spot would be deflected verticaly (in cm) from the center line. (2mk)
(¡¡)If the d.c voltage is replaced with an a.c voltage of 75V and of high frequency sketch a diagram
to show what would be observed on the screen. (indicate the centre line of your CRO screen).
(2mk)
(¡¡¡) If in (¡¡) above the time base is switched on and set at 10ms/cm and that the frequency of a.c. is
50Hz. Determine
I) The period of the trace on the screen (1mk)
II) The wavelength in cm as seen on the screen. (2mk)
17a (¡) State the reason why electrical power is transmitted at high voltage. (1mk)
(¡¡) in domestic wiring the neutral wire reaches the house at zero potential. What is done to the
neutral wire to make it be zero potential. (1mk)
(b)i)State the Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction. (1mk)
(ii) A bar magnet initially inside a coil is pulled out at high speed as shown below.

Indicate on the diagram the direction of current in the coil hence name the law used to determine this
direction. (1mk)
(iii)One of the energy loses in a transformer is Flux leakage. State what is meant by the term Flux
leakage. (1mk)
(c)A generator produces 450KW at 11KV. This power is then fed to a step up transformer of
efficiency 92%. The turns ratio of primary coil to secondary coil is 1:12.
Determine;
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(i) The output voltage of the transformer. (3mk)
(ii) The power output of the transformer. (2mk)
(iii) The secondary current of the transformer. (2mk)
18a (i) Define the term work function as used in photoelectric effect. (1mk)
(ii) A photocell is illuminated with a given radiation. State two factors that would determine whether
the electrons will be dislodged from its cathode or not. (2mk)
(b) The figure below shows a graph of maximum kinetic energy (KE max) of photo electrons emmited
in a photocell against frequency (f) of incident radiations.

Given that the speed of light (c) is 3.0×108 m/s, determine from your graph;
(i) plank's constant (h) (3mk)
(ii) Threshold frequency (fo) (2mk)
(iii) Calculate threshold wavelength (2mk)
(iv)Calculate Work function in Joules. (2mk)
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KCSE 2024 FINAL PREDICTIONS MWALIMU CONSULTANCY

KCSE 2024 FINAL PREDICTION

EXPECTED EXAM 7
232/1

PHYSICS
PAPER 1
TIME: 2 HOURS

NAME……………………………………………………………………………………….

SCHOOL……………………………………………… SIGN………………………..

INDEX NO……………………………………………. ADM NO……………………

(Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education)

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
 Write your name and admission number in the spaces provided above.
 Sign and write the date of the examination in the spaces provided above.
 This paper consists of two sections A and B.
 Answer ALL the questions in section A and B in the spaces provided below each question.
 All working must be clearly shown.
 Non – programmable and silent calculators may be used.
FOR EXAMINERS USE ONLY
SECTION QUESTION MAXIMUM MARKS SCORE
A 1 - 11 25
B 12 10
13 11
14 10
15 12
16 12

TOTAL 80

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KCSE 2024 FINAL PREDICTIONS MWALIMU CONSULTANCY
SECTION A (25 MARKS)
1. A spherical ball bearing is held between the anvil and spindle of a micrometer screw gauge. The
reading on the gauge when the jaws are closed without anything in between is 0.11 mm.

What is the diameter of the ball bearing? (2 marks)

2. a) Boiling water is not used for sterilization of clinical thermometer. State the reason for this.
(1 mark)
b) State how the clinical thermometer is sterilized. (1 mark)
3. Between mercury and alcohol, state with a reason, which of the two liquids is used in a
thermometer to measure temperature in areas where temperatures are below - 40 oc. (2 marks)
4. State what happens to the position of C.O.G of a body in the following states of equilibrium if the
body is slightly pushed.
a) Stable equilibrium. (1mark)
b) Unstable equilibrium. (1mark)
c) Neutral equilibrium. ( 1mark)
5. Using kinetic theory of matter, distinguish between solids and liquids states of matter in terms of
intermolecular forces and spaces between particles. (2 marks)
6. In a vacuum flask, the walls enclosing the vacuum are silvered on the inside. State the reason for
this. (1 mark)
7. The following data was obtained from an experiment to determine the size of palm oil molecule.
 Volume of 50 drops of palm oil = 1.5 X 10 – 9 m3
 Area of a patch from one drop of the oil. = 8.0 cm2
Determine the size of a palm oil molecule. (3 marks)
8. Explain why it is dangerous for a bus to carry standing passengers. (2 marks)
9. State two factors that affects the spring constant of a spring. (2 marks)
10. Two liquids were sucked up in two identical tubes as shown in the figure below

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Given that the liquid in beaker 2 is water of density 1 g/cm3 determine the density of liquid in beaker
1. (3 marks)
11. The figure below shows an arrangement to demonstrate diffusion through a porous pot.

The hydrogen gas is supplied for sometimes then stopped and the beaker removed. State and explain
what is likely to be observed when the hydrogen gas supply is stopped. (3 marks)
SECTION B (55 MARKS)
12. a) State the law of conservation of linear momentum. (1 mark)
b) A high jumper usually lands on thick mattress. Explain how the mattress helps in reducing the force
of impact. (1 mark)
c) A bus of mass 2500 kg travelling at a constant velocity of 15 m/s collides with a stationary car of
car of mass 800 kg. The impact takes 0.5 seconds before the two move together at a constant
velocity for 20 seconds.
Calculate;
i) The common velocity after the impact. (3 marks)
ii) The distance moved after the impact. (2 marks)
iii) The impulsive force. (3 marks)
13. a) A body moving at a constant speed in a circular path is said to be accelerating. Explain.
(1 mark)
b) Define angular displacement. (1 mark)
b) A body of mass 450g tied to s a string of length 60 cm, is moved in a horizontal circle at a constant
speed of 240 revolutions per minute.
Determine;
i) Angular velocity of the body. (2 marks)
ii) Tension in the string. (2 marks)
c) The above body in b) is released and falls to the ground 2.6 m below it.
Calculate;
i) The time it takes to reach the ground. (2 marks)
ii) Maximum horizontal distance it travels from the point of release. (3 marks)

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14. a) State Archimedes principle. (1 mark)
b) An object weighs 5.2 N in air, 3.2 N when completely immersed in water and 1.8 N when
completely immersed in an acid.
Calculate;
i) Density of the object. (3 marks)
ii) Density of the acid. (3 marks)
c) The figure below shows a simple hydrometer which is suitable for measuring density of liquids
varying between 0.8 g/cm3 and 1.2g/cm3.

i) State the purpose of the lead shots in the glass bulb. (1 mark)
ii) State how the hydrometer would be made more sensitive. (1 mark)
iii) Indicate on the diagram the mark corresponding to 0.8 g/cm3 and 1.2 g/ cm3. 1 mark)
15. a) Define the term specific latent heat of fusion. (1 mark)
b) In an experiment to determine the specific latent heat of vaporization of water, steam at 100 oc was
passed into water contained in a well lagged aluminium calorimeter. The following data
measurements were made;
 mass of calorimeter = 100 g
 initial mass of water = 150 g
 initial temperature of water = 18 oc
 final mass of calorimeter + water + condensed steam = 264 g
 final temperature of the mixture = 68 oc
(Specific heat capacity of water = 4200J/kgK and specific heat capacity of aluminium = 400J/kgK)
i) Determine;
I) Mass of the condensed steam. (1 mark)
II) Heat gained by the calorimeter and water. (3 marks)
iii) Given that LV is the specific latent heat of vaporization of steam, determine the value of LV.
(3 marks)
c) Two similar cans are partly filled with equal quantities of paraffin. Each holds a thermometer, is
covered with a lid and stands on a wooden bench at the same distance from a source of radiant
heat as shown below.
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i) Explain why heat from the heater could not have reached the cans by;
I) Conduction. (1 mark)
II) Convection. ( 1 mark)
ii) Explain why there is a difference in the thermometer readings after some time. (1 mark)
iii) How can the set up in the figure above be adjusted in order to produce the same results?(1 mk)
16. a) Define velocity ratio of a machine. (1 mark)
b) The effort piston of a hydraulic machine is of radius 2.8 cm, while that of the load piston is of
radius 14 cm. the machine raises a load of 120 kg at a constant velocity. If the machine has an
efficiency of 80%.
Calculate;
i) The velocity ratio of the hydraulic machine. (2 marks)
ii) The effort needed to raise the load. (3 marks)
c) The figure below shows a hydraulic press that is worked by applying a force of 80 N ta the end of
a lever 28 cm long pivoted at the other end. The smaller piston is 4 cm from the pivot. The area of
the piston A is 2 cm2 and that of B is 10 cm2.

Determine;
i) The force applied to piston A. (2 marks)
ii) The force exerted on the piston B by the liquid. (2 marks)
iii) The mechanical advantage of the hydraulic press. (2 marks)
30 cm 6 cm
R P Fixed L
Plunger D = 400cm2
150 N C = 4cm2
Liquid

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KCSE 2024 FINAL PREDICTION

EXPECTED EXAM 7
232/2

PHYSICS
PAPER 2 (THEORY)
TIME: 2 HOURS

NAME……………………………………………………………………………………….

SCHOOL……………………………………………… SIGN………………………..

INDEX NO……………………………………………. ADM NO……………………

INSTRUCTION TO CANDIDATES.
. Write your name and admission number in the spaces provided above
. This paper contain two sections; Section I and Section II.
. Answer all the questions in section I and II. In the spaces provided
. Marks may be given for correct working even if the answer is wrong.
. Calculators and KNEC Mathematical tables may be used EXCEPT where stated otherwise.
. Show all the steps in your calculations, giving your answers at each stage in the spaces below each
question.
FOR EXAMINER’S USE ONLY
SECTION QUESTION MAX MARKS CANDIDATE’S
SCORE
A 1-13 25
B 14 07
15 11
16 12
17 11
18 07
19 09
TOTAL 80

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 KCSE 2024 FINAL PREDICTIONS MWALIMU CONSULTANCY
SECTION A 25 Marks
1. The figure1 below shows three point source of light with an opaque object placed between them
and the screen

State and explain the nature of shadow formed a long B and C (2marks)
2. The diagrams below show a positively charged acetate strip and a negatively charged polythene
strip freely suspended and isolated.

Two rods X and Y are brought up in turn to these strips. X attracts the acetate strip but repels the
polythene strip. Rod Y does not repel either the acetate or the polythene. State the type of charge
on each rod.
X .................................................................................................................. (1 mark)
Y .................................................................................................................. (1 mark)
3. (a) State any one way of reducing the magnetic force of attraction of a magnet (1mark)
(b) Show the direction of the magnetic field in the conductor carrying current shown below.
(1mark)

4. The diagram below shows waves generated from a tuning fork. If the wave takes 0.1 second to
move from point A to B. determine the frequency of the wave. (2marks)

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5. Other than current state one other factor that affect the magnitude of force on a current carrying
conductor placed in a magnetic field. (1mark)
6. A student connected the set up below in the laboratory. Explain the observation made on the bulb
when the set-up below is taken to a dark room (1 mark)

7. A radioactive carbon – 14 decays to nitrogen by beta emissions as shown.

14
6 C N e X
7 Y
0

Determine the values of X and Y in the equation

X=…………………………………….. …………………….. (1mark)
Y = …………………………………………………………… (1mark)
8. (a) state the reason for topping up a lead-acid accumulator with distilled water. (1mark)
(b) State one quatity that is used to determine whether accumulators require charging or not. (1mk)
9. Figure 8 shows wave fronts of water waves approaching a concave surface.

(i) Complete the diagram to show the wave fronts formed after striking the surface. (1 mark)
(ii) What is the effect on velocity of the above if it moves from shallow to deep region (1marks)
10. A person standing 110 m from the foot of a cliff claps his hands and hears a sound 0.75 seconds
later. Find the speed of sound in air. (2 marks)
11. Figure 9 below shows light travelling from more optically dense to less optically dense medium.

a) On the same diagram, sketch a ray to show the direction of the refracted ray. (1 mark)
b) If the refractive index of the denser medium is 1.42, calculate the angle of refraction. (2marks)
12. Eleven (11) images are formed when two mirrors are inclined at an angle between them.
Determine the size of angle between the inclined mirrors (2 marks)
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13. (a) The figure10 below is part of electromagnetic spectrum.

Name one detector of A (1 mark)

(b) Define focal length of a curved reflecting surface (1 mark)
SECTION B 55 MARKS
14. a) (i) State any one condition necessary for two sources of waves to be coherent ( 1 mark)
(ii) A student walking on a straight perpendicular to two coherent signal generators hears
alternating loud and soft sounds. Explain why at some point the sound heard is softer (1mark)
b) Explain why radio wave signals are easier to receive than TV waves signals in a place surrounded
by hills. (1mark)
c) In an experiment using a ripple tank the frequency, f of the electric pulse generator was reduced to
one third of its original value. How does the new wave length compare with the initial
wavelength? (1mark)
d) In a double slit interference experiment, explain the effect on the appearance of the fringes of: (i)
Reducing the separation of the slits but keeping the width of each slit constant. (1mark)
(iii) Making each of the two slits wider but keeping the slit separation constant. (1mark)
e) The figure 11 below shows wave fronts before and after passing through an opening.

State what would be observed on the pattern after passing the opening if the wavelength of the wave is
increased. (1 mark)
15. (a) The figure 12 below shows a X-ray tube.

(i) Name the part labelled C (1 mark)

(ii) State the property of the material labelled B on the diagram which makes it suitable for use in
the X-ray tube. (1 marks)

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(iii) Why is C inclined at an angle of 45o? (1 mark)
(iv) State the adjustment that can be made to vary
I. The quality of X-rays (1 mark)
II. The quantity of the X-rays. (1 mark)
(v) An x-ray tube has an accelerating potential of 100KV. Determine the maximum frequency of
the x-rays produced.(Plank’s constant = 6.63 10 -34 Js, e = 1.6 × 10-19C) (2 marks)
(b) In a CRO, waveform given below was displayed on the screen when the sensitivity at the Y plate
was10V/cm and time base set at 20 milliseconds/cm.

Determine:
(i) The peak voltage (2marks)
(i) The frequency of the signal (2marks)
226 222
16. (a) 88𝑅𝑎 decays into 86𝑅𝑛 by emission of an alpha particle. Write a nuclear equation for the
decay (1 mark)
b) i)What do you understand by the term half-life of a radioactive substance? (1 mark)
ii)A G.M tube registers 20 counts. When a radioactive source is brought close to it, it registers 3220
counts and 120 counts 30 hours later. What is the half-life of this substance? (2 marks)
c) The figure 14 below shows a G.M tube.
Anode Aluminium casing

Mica window

Argon gas mixed

with little bromine

Scalar or ratemeter

i) Explain the purpose of the bromine (1 mark)

(ii)Briefly explain how the Geiger Muller tube works to detect radiations. (2 marks)
(iii) When beta and alpha radiations are passed through a magnetic field, the beta radiations are
deflected more than the alpha radiations. Give a reason for this observation. (1 mark)
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 KCSE 2024 FINAL PREDICTIONS MWALIMU CONSULTANCY
(d) The figure below is a circuit with two identical bulbs and components, Diodes 1 and 2.
D1 D2

L1 K L2

(i) State and explain the observation made when switch K is closed. (2marks)
(ii) On the axes provided below, sketch the graph of output voltage against time for a full wave
rectifier (1mark)

Output
Voltage

Time
(iii) A capacitor is now connected across the output. Explain its effect on the output. (1mark)
17. (a)You are provided with a rheostat, 2 cells, a voltmeter, an ammeter, a switch and a fixed
resistor.
i) Draw a circuit diagram that can be used to verify Ohm's law. (2 marks)
ii) Describe how the above set up can be used to determine Ohms law. (3marks)
(c) Study the circuit diagram below and answer the questions that follow.

Calculate the current through the 4Ω resistor (3 marks)

(d) (i) An electrical emersion heater is rated as 240V, 500W. What does this information mean?
(1mark)
(ii) Calculate the resistance of the element used in the heater. (2marks)
18. (a)A ray of light travelling from water to glass makes an angle of incident of 300. Find the angle
of refraction in the glass. Refractive index of water . Refractive index of glass (2 marks)
(b) State one necessary and sufficient condition for total internal reflection to occur (1mark)
c) The graph below shows the variation of 1/V and 1/U in an experiment to determine the focal length
of the mirror. Determine the focal length. (2marks)

d) The figure below shows a human eye defect.

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 i) State one possible cause of this defect. (1 mark)
ii) On the diagram, show how the defect is corrected. (1 mark)
19. a) A bar magnet is moved into a coil of an insulated copper wire connected to a zero- centre-
galvanometer as shown below

(i) Show on the figure above the direction of the induced current in the coil (1 mark)
(ii) State what is observed on the galvanometer if the south pole of the magnet was moved into and
then withdrawn from the coil. (1 mark)
(b) A transformer has 800 turns in the primary and 40 turns in the secondary winding. The
alternating voltage connected to the primary is 240V and current of 0.5.A. If 10% of the power is
dissipated as heat within the transformer, determine the current in the secondary coil. (2 marks)
(c) The diagram below shows a three-pin plug.

(i) Name the colour code of conductors Q (1 mark)

(ii) Why is the earth pin longer than the rest in the three-pin plug shown above? (1 mark)
(iii) Give one advantage of a circuit breaker instead of a fuse in domestic wiring. (1mark)
(iv) State one modification can be done to the fuse wire to give it a higher rating? (1mark)

THIS IS THE LAST PRINTED PAGE

KCSE 2024 FINAL PREDICTIONS MWALIMU CONSULTANCY

KCSE 2024 FINAL PREDICTION

EXPECTED EXAM 8
232/1

PHYSICS
PAPER 1 (THEORY)
TIME: 2 HOURS

NAME……………………………………………………………………………………….

SCHOOL……………………………………………… SIGN………………………..

INDEX NO……………………………………………. ADM NO……………………

(Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education)

INSTRUCTIONS
 Write your name, admission number and index number in the space provided
 Write the date of the examination in the space provided above
 This paper consists of two sections A and B.
 Answer all the questions in the spaces provided below each question
 All workings must be clearly shown.
 Mathematical tables and silent electronic calculators may be used.

FOR EXAMINER’S USE ONLY

SECTION QUESTION TOTAL MARKS CANDIDATE’S SCORE
A 1-12 25
B 13 13
14 11
15 12
16 10
17 9
TOTAL 80

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KCSE 2024 FINAL PREDICTIONS MWALIMU CONSULTANCY
SECTION A (25 MARKS)
Answer all the questions in this section in the spaces provided
1. The figure 1 below shows a section of a micrometer screw gauge when used to measure the
diameter of a cylindrical rod of mass 2.5g.

a) What is the diameter of the rod? (1mark)

b) If the length of the rod is 14cm, determine its density. (3marks)
2. The density of a solid decreases after heating. Explain. (2marks)
3. When a drop of oil is placed on the surface of water it spreads out forming a circular patch.
Explain this observation. (2marks)
4. A uniform meter rule is balanced as shown in the figure 2 below.

Fig.2
The volume of the immersed object is 13. 5cm3.Determine the relative density of the liquid.
(3marks)
5. Give a reason why a person may nose bleed after ascending a high mountain. (1mark)
6. A turntable of radius 10cm is rotating at 42 revolutions per second. Determine the linear speed of
a point on the circumference of the turntable. (3marks)
7. Figure 3 below shows a glass filled with hot liquid placed on a table immediately after wiping
with water. State and explain what is observed when one tries to lift the glass after a few minutes.
(2marks)

Hot liquid

Wet table
Fig. 3
8. In using the lift pump to raise water from a bore hole. It is observed that practically the height the
water is raised cannot be 10m and more. Give two reasons for this observation. (2marks)
9. When a mass of 2kg is hang from a single spring, the spring extends by a distance 10cm.
Determine the total extension in the set up in Figure 4 below given that the springs are identical
(2marks)

Fig. 4
2 Kg
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KCSE 2024 FINAL PREDICTIONS MWALIMU CONSULTANCY
10. Define the term viscosity. (1mark)
11. State one reason why the efficiency of a machine is always less than 100% (1mark)
12. State two factors that determine the critical speed for a car moving along a curved road.
(2marks)
SECTION B (55 MARKS)
Answer all the questions in this section in the spaces provided
13. (a) State the law of Floatation. (1mark)
(b) A submarine made of iron was observed to float in water while a piece of iron rod sinks in water.
Explain this observation (2marks)
3 3
(c) A solid displaces 5.0cm of liquid when floating and 20cm when fully immersed in it. Given
that the density of the solid is 1.2g/cm3. Calculate
i) The weight of the solid (2marks)
ii) Upthrust on the solid when floating (1mark)
iii) The density of the liquid (3marks)
iv) The upthrust when the body is fully submerged (3marks)
(d) Define the term relative density as used in liquids (1mark)
14. (a) Define specific latent heat of fusion of a substance (1mark)
o
(b) Water of mass 400g at a temperature of 60 C is put in a well lagged copper calorimeter of mass
160g. A piece of ice at 0oC and mass 40g is placed in the calorimeter and the mixture stirred
gently until all the ice melts. The final temperature, T, of the mixture is then measured. (Specific
latent heat of fusion of ice = 334000J/kg, specific heat capacity of water = 4200J/kgK specific
heat capacity of copper = 400J/kgK)
Determine:
(i) The heat absorbed by the ice during melting. (2marks)
(ii) Total heat gained by the melted ice (Give your answer in terms of T) (2marks)
(iii) Total Heat lost by the water and Calorimeter (3marks)
(iv) The final temperature T of the mixture. (2marks)
c) Figure 5 below shows a block of ice with two heavy weights hanging such that the copper
wire connecting them passes over the block of ice block resting on wooden support.
Copper wire

Ice Block

Wooden block

Weights Fig. 5

It is observed that the wire gradually cuts its way through the ice block, but the ice is left as
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KCSE 2024 FINAL PREDICTIONS MWALIMU CONSULTANCY
one piece. State the factor behind the observation. (1mark)
15. ( a) (i)Define the Impulsive force in terms of momentum. (1mark)
(ii)A striker kicks a ball of mass 250g initially at rest with a force of 75N. If the foot was in contact
with the ball for 0.10sec. Calculate the take-off velocity of the ball. (3marks)
(b) A bullet of mass 20g moving at 400 m/s strikes a block of wood of mass 3.5kg initially at rest.
The bullet sticks into the block and the two move off together on a horizontal surface, where a
frictional force of 4N is acting between the block and surface.
(i) Determine the initial common velocity of bullet and wooden block. (3marks)
(ii) What distance does the block move before coming to rest? (3marks)
(c) Explain why a paratrooper flexes his legs as he lands. (2marks)
16. The figure 6 below shows an inclined plane, a trolley of mass 30kg is pulled up a slope by a
force of 100N, parallel to the slope. The trolley moves so that the centre of mass C travels from
points A to B.
B

100N
10m

C 15º Fig. 6
A
(i) What is the work done on the trolley against the gravitational force in moving from A to B.?
(2marks)
(ii)Determine the work done by the force in moving the trolley from A to B. (2marks)
(iii)Determine the efficiency of the system. (3marks)
(iv) Determine the work done in overcoming the frictional force. (1mark)
(v) Determine the mechanical advantage of the system. (2marks)
17. Figure 7 below shows a trolley moving on a circular rail with a vertical plane, given that the
mass of the trolley is 250g and the radius of the rail is 1.6m.

Fig. 7

i) Determine the minimum velocity at which trolley passes point X. (3marks

ii) Find the angular velocity at point Z (2marks)
iii) The force exerted on the rail at this point Z. (3marks)
iv) State one application of circular motion in daily life. (1mark)

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KCSE 2024 FINAL PREDICTIONS MWALIMU CONSULTANCY

KCSE 2024 FINAL PREDICTION

EXPECTED EXAM 8
232/2

PHYSICS
PAPER 2
TIME: 2 HOURS

NAME……………………………………………………………………………………….

SCHOOL……………………………………………… SIGN………………………..

INDEX NO……………………………………………. ADM NO……………………

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
 Write your name, class and admission number in the spaces provided above
 Attempt ALL questions in sections A and B.
 All your answers must be written in the spaces provided in this question paper.
 All working must be clearly shown
 Non programmable silent electronic calculators and KNEC mathematics table may be used
except where stated otherwise

FOR EXAMINERS USE ONLY

SECTION QUESTION MAXIMUM CANDIDATE’S
SCORE SCORE
A 1 – 13 25
14 10
15 12
B 16 12
17 07
18 08
19 06
TOTAL MARKS 80

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KCSE 2024 FINAL PREDICTIONS MWALIMU CONSULTANCY
SECTION A ( 25 MARKS)
Answer ALL questions in this sections in the spaces provided.
1. The figure 1 below shows a positively charged metal plate with an earthing connection.
Using an arrow to show the direction of charges through the earth connection and explain the
final charge of the plate. (2marks)

Fig. 1
2. Figure 2 below shows a metre rule in equilibrium balanced by the magnet. The iron core is fixed
to the bench

Fig.
State and explain the effect on the metre rule when the switch S is closed. (2marks)
3. State two factors affecting the type of shadow formed by an object placed infront of a source of
light. (2marks)
4. Distinguish between intrinsic and extrinsic semi – conductors. (1mark)
5. Figure 3 shows a galvanometer connected to a coil with a south pole of a permanent magnet
approaching the coil.

Fig. 3
O
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KCSE 2024 FINAL PREDICTIONS MWALIMU CONSULTANCY
Indicate the direction of the pointer on the galvanometer when the bar magnet is moved as
shown. (1mark)
6. What are the characteristics of the image formed when;
a) An object is placed beyond the centre of curvature of a concave mirror? (1mark)
b) An object is placed between the principal focus and the pole of a concave mirror? (1mark)
7. a) A coin is placed beneath a transparent block of thickness 10cm and refractive index 1.50.
Calculate the vertical displacement of the coin. (3marks)
b) Kenya launched the use of optical fibres in communication recently. State why optical fibres are
preferred to ordinary cables. (1mark)
14
8. A radiation of frequency 8.5 x 10 Hz is incident on a metal emitting photoelectrons.
Determine the threshold wavelength if electrons accelerate to the anode at a velocity of 7.2 x 10 5
m/s (3marks)
(Planck’s constant = 6.63 x 10-34 Js, me= 9.11 x 10-31 Kg)
9. Figure 4 shows an electromagnet in an electric circuit.

Fig 4
a) State what happens to the polythene ball when the switch S is closed. (1mark)
b) Why soft iron is preferred for material A than steel? (1mark)
10.Explain why the cathode of a CRO is coated with oxides of metals such as barium and
strontium. (1mark)
11. Distinguish between hard and soft X – rays. (2marks)
12. Figures 5 shows a simple water heater.

Fig 5
Give a reason why AB is coiled. (1mark)
13.Arrange the following radiations in order increasing wavelength:
Ultra violet, microwaves, blue light, yellow light. (2mk)

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KCSE 2024 FINAL PREDICTIONS MWALIMU CONSULTANCY
SECTION B ( 55 MARKS)
Answer ALL the questions in the spaces provided.
14.a) Some students wish to determine the focal length of a convex lens of thickness
0.6cm using an optical pin and a plane mirror. Figure 6 shows the experimental set up when there is
no parallax between the pin and the image.

Light rays

THICKNESS OF
lens LENS = 0.6 cm

(i) Determine the focal length of the lens. (1mark)

(ii) Explain how you arrive at your answer. (2marks)
b) An optician in Eldoret Hospital examined an eye of a patient and made the following
observations:
Eye ball too small and the focal length of the eye lens too short.
(i) State the eye defect the patient could be having. (1mark)
(ii)Use a diagram to describe how the defect could be corrected. (2marks)
c) The graph below shows the variation of 1/v and 1/u in an experiment to determine
the focal length of a lens.

(i) Use the graph to determine the focal length. (3marks)

(ii) What is the power of the lens used? (1mark)
15.a)Define electric resistance. (1mark)
b) Figure 7. shows three resistors connected as shown.

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KCSE 2024 FINAL PREDICTIONS MWALIMU CONSULTANCY

Fig 7
If the voltmeter reads 4V, find the
(i) Effective resistance. (2marks)
(ii)Current through the 3 resistor. (2marks)
(iii)Potential difference across the 8 resistor. (2marks)
c)i)What is meant by the term “lost volts”? (1mark)
ii)A cell supplies a current of 0.5A when connected to a 2 resistor and 0.25A
when connected to a 5 resistor.
Find the e.m.f and the internal resistance of the cell. (4marks)
16.a)On the axes provided below, sketch a graph showing the variation of frequency with
wavelength at constant velocity. (1mark)

()x 10 8 m/s.
b)Tv waves of frequency 6MHz travels with a speed of 3.0
What is the wavelength ?. (2marks)
c) Figure 8. shows circular waves approaching a concave reflector.

Fig. 8
Show the reflected waves and the missing part of incident wave (2marks)
d) State two conditions necessary for two progressive waves traveling in opposite directions to form
stationary waves. (2marks)
e) Figure 9 shows the set up used to demonstrate interference of sound.
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KCSE 2024 FINAL PREDICTIONS MWALIMU CONSULTANCY

Fig 9
(i) An observer O, moves along XY.
State the observation(s) made. (1mark)
(ii) State what would be observed if a cathode ray oscilloscope is moved along line XY(2marks)
(iii) What will a student hear if he moves along the line OC? (1mark)
(iv)Why are the loudspeakers connected to the same audio – frequency generator? ( 1mark)
17.a)State one factor that affects the capacitance of a capacitor. mark)
b) Figure 10. shows a circuit diagram with three capacitors.

fig 10
(i) Determine the effective capacitance of the arrangement. (2marks)
(ii)Find the energy stored in the combinations of capacitors. (3marks)
c) Explain why it is not advisable to shelter under a tree when it is raining. (1mark)
18 a) State two dangers of high voltage transmission. (2marks)
b) A generator produces 150KW at a voltage of 5 kV. The voltage is stepped up to 60kV and
transmitted through cables of resistance 150 to a step – down transformer in a substation. If
both transformers are 80% efficient,
Calculate the:-

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KCSE 2024 FINAL PREDICTIONS MWALIMU CONSULTANCY
(i)Current through the transmission cables. (3marks)
(ii)Power lost during transmission. (3marks)
19.a)The half – life of cobalt – 60 is 5years.How long will a sample take for the activity to decrease
to 1/16 of its original value. (3marks)
b) The graph below shows radioactive decay of iodine.

Use the graph to determine the:-

(i) fraction of the amount remaining after 16.2 days. (1marks)
(ii) determine the half – life of iodine. (1marks)
(iii) mass remaining after 17 days. (1mark)

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KCSE 2024 FINAL PREDICTIONS MWALIMU CONSULTANCY

KCSE 2024 FINAL PREDICTION

EXPECTED EXAM 9
232/1

PHYSICS
PAPER 1 (THEORY)
TIME: 2 HOURS

NAME……………………………………………………………………………………….

SCHOOL……………………………………………… SIGN………………………..

INDEX NO……………………………………………. ADM NO……………………

(Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education)

Instruction to The Candidates

a) Write your name and ADM number in the spaces provided above.
b) Sign and write the date of examination in the spaces provided above.
c) This paper consists of two Sections A and B.
d) Answer all the questions in sections A and B in the spaces provided.
e) All working must be clearly shown in the spaces provided.
f) Mathematical tables and electronic calculators may be used.
For Examiners Use Only
Section Question Total Score Candidates Score
A 1-12 25
B 13 09
14 09
15 09
16 10
17 09
18 09
Total 80

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KCSE 2024 FINAL PREDICTIONS MWALIMU CONSULTANCY
SECTION A (25 MARKS)
1. The figure shows the reading of micrometre screw gauge that has a zero error of -0.25mm. What
is the actual length of the object being measured (2marks)

2. The figure below shows a matchstick soaped on one end and placed on the surface of clean water
as shown.

The matchstick is observed to move towards a certain direction

i) State the direction (A or B) (1mark)
ii) Explain (1mark)
3. Two liquid X and Y have density 1.25g/cm3 and 1.5g/cm3 respectively. Calculate to 2d.p the
density of the mixture containing 40% by mass of X the rest being Y (3marks)
4. A uniform meter rule pivoted at its 15cm mark is balanced by a 200g mass suspended at the 5cm
mark. Determine the weight of the meter rule (3marks)
5. A paper windmill in a horizontal axis was placed about a candle as shown in the figure

When the candle was lit the paper windmill began to rotate. Explain this observation.(2marks)
6. An object was placed on an inverted bowl as shown.

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KCSE 2024 FINAL PREDICTIONS MWALIMU CONSULTANCY

i) State the type of stability above. (1mark)

ii) Define the type stability above. (1mark)
7. A pipe of diameter 12mm is connected to another pipe of radius 9mm. if water flows in the wider
pipe at the speed of 2m/s what is the speed in the narrow pipe. (3marks)
8. A car starting from rest accelerates uniformly for 5minutes to reach 30m/s. It continues at this
speed for the next 20minutes and then decelerates uniformly to come to stop in 10 minutes. On
the axes provided sketch the graph of velocity against time for the motion of the car(1mark)

9. A diver was swimming in a swimming pool of uniform depth of 0.8m from the surface of water.
If atmospheric pressure acting on the surface of water is 103000pa calculate the total pressure
experienced by the diver. (density of water = 1g/cm3, g= 10m/s2) (2marks)
o
10.The boiling point of water is known to be at 100 C. A student heated some water and noticed
that it boiled at 101oC state two possible reasons for this observation. (2marks)
11.Explain the difference between a liquid and a gas in terms of intermolecular distance and force.
(2marks)
12.State the source of energy for gases in the atmosphere. (1mark)
SECTION B 55 MARKS
13. Define the term velocity ratio of a machine (1mark)
b) Figure below shows part of a hydraulic press. The plunger is the position where effort is applied
while the ram piston is the position where load is applied. The plunger has a cross-section area a
m2 while the ram piston has a cross-section area Am2

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KCSE 2024 FINAL PREDICTIONS MWALIMU CONSULTANCY

When the plunger moves down a distance d, the ram piston moves up a distance d.
i) State the property of liquid on which the working of the hydraulic press works (1mark)
ii) Derive an expression for the velocity ratio (V.R) in terms of A and a (3marks)
3
c) A machine of velocity ratio 45, overcome a load of 4.5×10 N, When an effort of 135N is
applied.
Determine i)The efficiency of the machine (3marks)
ii) The percentage of work that goes to waste (1mark)
14.a)Define specific latent heat of fusion of a substance (1mark)
o
b) Water of mass 200g at a temperature of 60 C is put in a well lagged copper calorimeter of mass
80g. A piece of ice at 0oC and mass 20g is placed in the calorimeter and the mixture stirred
gently until all the ice melts. The final temperature T of the mixture is then recorded. (Take;
specific latent of fusion of ice=334000J/kg, s.h.c of water =4200j/kg-1k-1, s.h.c of copper
=900J/kg-1k-1
Determine: i)The heat absorbed by the melting ice at 0oC (1mark)
ii) The heat absorbed by the melted ice (water) to rise to temperature T. (answer may be given in
terms of T) (2marks)
iii)The heat lost by the warm water and the colorimeter (answer may be given in terms of T)
(2marks)
iv)The final temperature of the mixture (3marks)
15.a) State Newton’s second law of motion (1mark)
b) A matatu starts from rest and accelerates to cover a distance of 49m in 7seconds. Determine its
acceleration. (2mks)
(c)A trolley moving on a horizontal bench of height 1.2m strikes a barrier at the edge of the bench.
The brass mass on the top of the trolley flies off on impact and lands on the ground 2.5m from
the edge of the bench. Determine
i) The time taken by the brass mass to reach the ground. (2marks)
ii) The speed at which the trolley struck the barrier (2marks)
d) A passenger dropped a coin held at his hands in a stationary bus and it landed at his feet. State
and explain the position it will land if he repeat it once again and the bus was assumed to be
moving in a straight line at constant speed (2marks)
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KCSE 2024 FINAL PREDICTIONS MWALIMU CONSULTANCY
16.Figure below shows of mass 4kg immersed in liquid and suspended from a spring balance with a
string. The beaker was placed on a compression balance and shown the reading of 85N. The
density of the stone was 3000kg/m3 while the density of the liquid was 800kg/m3

a) State Archimedes principle (1mark)

b) Determine
i) Volume of the liquid displaced (2marks)
ii) Up thrust on the stone (2marks)
iii)Reading of the spring balance (2marks)
c) Find the volume of hydrogen gas filled balloon that will carry a 300kg load in air (density of air
=1.3kg/m3 while that of hydrogen =0.9kg/m3) (3marks)
17.a) State Boyles law (1mark)
b) State the measurements taken in verifying the law above (2marks)
c) Explain how measurement above are used to verify Boyles law. (3marks)
o
d) At 30 C, pressure of a gas is 60cmHg. At what temperature would the pressure of the gas rise to
100cmHg if the volume is kept constant. (3marks)
18.a)A car of mass 1500kg moves round a circular track of radius 1200m at a constant speed of
20m/s what is the centripetal force action on the car. (3marks)
b) The figure below shows a stone of mass 10kg being whirled using a rope in a vertical circle of
radius 2.5m

State what provides the centripetal force at each point A,B,C (3mark)
c) Calculate the maximum tension on the body if it was moving ate a linear velocity of 10m/s.
(3marks)
(g=10m/s2)

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KCSE 2024 FINAL PREDICTIONS MWALIMU CONSULTANCY

KCSE 2024 FINAL PREDICTION

EXPECTED EXAM 9
232/2

PHYSICS
PAPER 2 (THEORY)
TIME: 2 HOURS

NAME……………………………………………………………………………………….

SCHOOL……………………………………………… SIGN………………………..

INDEX NO……………………………………………. ADM NO……………………

(Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education)

Instruction to The Candidates

a) Write your name and ADM number in the spaces provided above.
b) Sign and write the date of examination in the spaces provided above.
c) This paper consists of two Sections A and B.
d) Answer all the questions in sections A and B in the spaces provided.
e) All working must be clearly shown in the spaces provided.
f) Mathematical tables and electronic calculators may be used.
For Examiners Use Only
Section Question Total Score Candidates Score
A 1-12 25
B 13 08
14 09
15 11
16 11
17 08
18 08
Total 80
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KCSE 2024 FINAL PREDICTIONS MWALIMU CONSULTANCY
SECTION A (25 MARKS)
Answer all the question in this section in the space provided.
1. Sketch the magnetic field pattern given by a current carrying conductor in the magnetic field
shown in the figure below. Also show the direction of the forces produced on the conductor
(2 mks)

2. State any two ways in which energy is lost in a transformer, and briefly explain each loss can be
minimised. (2 mks)
3. Below is part of the electromagnetic spectrum in order of increasing wavelength
A B C Visible light infrared D C

How are waves A Produced (1 mk)

4.a)State one similarity and one difference between a camera and a human eye. (2 mks)
b) The figure below is a concave mirror used to form a virtual, magnified image. Complete the ray
diagram to show the position of the object (3 mks)

5) The figure below shows a ray of light incident on a glass prism

Given that the critical angle of the glass is 390, sketch on the diagram the path of ray through the
prism until it exits the prism (2mks)
6. A sharp point of a pin is held over a positively charged electroscope. State and explain the
observation made on the electroscope (2mks)
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7. The figure below is a circuit of 3 resistors connected to a 12v battery

Determine the P.d across the 3  resistor (3mks)

8. The figure below shows a magnet. Point A and B are in front of the magnet

On the axis provided sketch a graph showing how the magnetic field strength changes the A to B
(2mks)

9. The figure below shows a beam of beta particles entering a magnetic field whose direction below

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Complete the diagram to show the path of the beta particles as they pass through magnetic field
and out of it (1mk)
10.A girl standing 400m from the foot of a high cliff claps her hand and the echo reaches her 2.32
seconds later. Calculate the velocity of sound in air using this observation. (2mks)
11.Explain two of ways of dealing with defect of polarisation in a simple cell (2mks)
12.The figure below shows an a.c source connected across diode D and Resistor R

On the axis provided sketch the output voltage as observed in the CRO (1mk)

SECTION B (55 MARKS)

13.a) The figure below shows a system of capacitor connected to a 100v d.c supply.

From this circuit determine:

i) Its effective capacitance (2mks)
ii) The charge through the 6F capacitor (2mks)
iii)The p.d across 8F capacitor (2mks)
b) State any two factors that affects the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor (2mks)

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14.a) The figure below shows the features of an x-ray tube

i) Name the parts labelled A and B (2mks)

ii) Explain the effect of increasing the potential P on x-rays produced (2mks)
iii)During the operation of the tube, the target become very hot. Explain how this heat is caused
(2mks)
b) In a certain x-ray tube, the electrons are accelerated by a p.d of 12kv. Assuming that all energy
goes to produce x-rays, determine the frequency of x-ray produced (h=6.62×10-34Js and e-
=1.6×10-19C) (3mks)
15.The figure below shows a connection to a 3 pin plug as viewed from its back

i) Name the terminal pin labelled A (1mk)

ii) State any two mistakes with wiring of his 3pin plug (2mks)
iii)Give any two reasons why the earth pin is normally longer than the other two pins (2mks)
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b) The figure below is graph of K.E of electrons against frequency of radiation in photo – electric
effect in cathode metal plate

From the graph, determine

i) Threshold wavelength (  )of the cathode metal surface (2mks)
ii) Plancks constant (h) of cathode (2mks)
iii)Work function of cathode in ev (2mks)
16.a) The figure below shows a simple cathode ray tube

i) Explain how the electrons are produced in the tube (2mks)

ii) State one function of the anode (1mk)
iii) At what part of the cathode tube would the time base be connected? (1mk)
b) The figure below represent a displacement time graph for a wave moving with a velocity of
80cm/s

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Determine the wave
i) Frequency (f) (2mks)
ii) Wavelength ( ) (2mks)
c) A ray of light traveling through air in to medium 1 and 2 as shown in the figure below.

i) Calculate the refractive index of medium 1 (1mk)

ii) Angle of refraction r2 in medium 2 (2mks)
17.a) State the lenz’s law of electromagnetic induction. (1mk)
b) A bar magnet is moved into a coil of insulated copper wires connected to a centre zero –
galvanometer (G) as shown in the figure below

i) With arrows show the direction of induced current in the coil (1mk)
ii) Explain clearly what is observed on the galvanometer when the south pole of a magnet is moved
into the coil and then withdrawn (2mks)
c) A transformer has 1600 turns in the primary coil and 80 turns in the secondary coil. If the
transformer is 80% efficient and its primary coil is 240v with a current of 0.75A, determine
i) The secondary e.m.f of its coil (2mks)
ii) The output power in its secondary coil (2mks)
18.a) Define the term radioactivity (1mk)
b) The figure below shows tracks formed in a diffusion cloud chamber given by a certain
radioactivity sample

State the type of radiations emitted by this sample, explain your answer (2mks)
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c)i)The figure below shows radioactive decay of iodine

ii) What fraction of this iodine will have decayed after 3 half – lifes (2mks)
d) The average count rate of a radioactive material sample is 92 counts per second. After 420
seconds, the count rate had dropped to 29 counts per second. Given that the background count
rate was 20 counts per second, determine the half life of this sample. (3mks)

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KCSE 2024 FINAL PREDICTION

EXPECTED EXAM 10
232/1

PHYSICS
PAPER 1 (THEORY)
TIME: 2 HOURS

NAME……………………………………………………………………………………….

SCHOOL……………………………………………… SIGN………………………..

INDEX NO……………………………………………. ADM NO……………………

(Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education)

ISTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
 Write your name and admission number in the spaces provided
 Answer all the questions in sections A and B in the spaces provided.
 All workings must be clearly shown.
 Mathematical tables and non-programmable silent electronic calculators may be used.
 Candidates should answer the questions in English

FOR EXAMINER’S USE ONLY:

SECTION QUESTION MAXIMUM STUDENT’S
SCORE SCORE
A 1-12 25
B 13 13
14 10
15 13
16 10
17 09
TOTAL SCORE 80

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SECTION A (25 MARKS)

1. State the procedure followed when using a metre rule (3mks)
2. Define a compression force. (1mk)
3. Mosquito larvae floats on water surface. Explain how oiling controls the breeding of mosquitoes.
(1mk)
4. Complete the table below (3mks)
Equilibrium state Effect of external force on position of
centre of gravity
Stable
Unstable
Neutral

5. A model toy boat of cross-sectional area 1000 cm2 floats in fresh water. If the boat sinks 6cm as a
result of loading, calculate the load on the boat. Given that the density of water is 1g/cm3 (3mks)
6. The type of the material is one factor which affects spring constant. State other two factors.
(2mks)
7. Water with negligible viscosity flows steadily through a horizontal pipe of varying cross-sectional
area. At a point A of area 10cm2, the velocity is 0.2m/s. Calculate the pressure difference between
A and B. If the area at B is 2.5cm2 and density of water is 1000kg/m3. (3mks)
8. State the principle of moments. (1mk)
9. Draw a sketch of displacement time graph for a body moving with decreasing velocity. (2mks)
10. Define the term velocity ratio as used in machines. (1mk)
11. The diagram below shows a block being dragged on a horizontal floor. If the coefficient of kinetic
friction is 0.40, determine force F required to move the box at uniform speed.
(3mks)
50kg F

12. State the part of the vacuum flask which minimizes heat loss by (2mks)
i. Radiation
ii. Conduction

SECTION B (55 MARKS)

13. a) Define pressure and state its SI unit (2mks)
b) Show that the pressure exerted by a fluid is given by the formula. P = hρg. Where h is the height
of the fluid, ρ is the density of the fluid and g is the acceleration due to gravity. (3mks)

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c) The figure below shows a U-tube manometer containing air, mercury and water. Calculate the
pressure exerted on the trapped air. (Take atmospheric pressure to be 1.05 x 105 pa, density of
mercury and water to be 13600kg/m3 and 1000kg/m3 respectively). (3mks)

25cm Water

Air Mercury
10cm

d) Explain why a girl wearing high heeled shoes makes deeper marks while walking on a soft ground
than when wearing toughees shoes. (2mks)
e) The barometric height at the base of a mountain is 70cmHg. If the mountain is 435.2m high,
determine the reading of the mercury barometer at the top of the mountain. Take density of
mercury as 13600kg/m3 and that of air as 1.25kg/m3. (3mks)
14. (a) State Pressure Law (1mk)
(b) The following diagram shows a set-up of apparatus used to verify Charles Law.

(i) Give the name of part labelled X (1mk)

(ii) State the component of X (1mk)
(iii) State two functions of the part named in (i) above? (2mks)
(iv) Briefly explain how the set up above is used to verify Charles Law (3mks)
(c) A certain mass of hydrogen gas occupies a volume of 1.6m3 at a pressure of 1.5x105Pa and a
temperature of 120c. Determine the volume when the temperature is 00c at a pressure of
1.0x103Pa. (2mks)
15. a) Define the term angular velocity. (1mk)
b) The diagram below show a stone of mass 500g moving in a vertical circular path of radius 50cm
centre O. It is whirled with a frequency of 2 cycles per second.

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A

r
D 0 B Stone

String
C
i) Calculate
I. Its linear velocity (2mks)
II. Tension at A. (3mks)
III. Tension at B. (2mks)
IV. Tension at C. (3mks)
ii) At what point is the string likely to break? (1mk)
iii) Indicate the direction of centripetal force on the diagram. (1mk)
16. a) Define the term specific heat capacity. (1mk)
b) State two precautions to be taken when carrying out the experiment to determine specific heat
capacity of solid by electrical method. (2mks)
c) A copper calorimeter of mass 0.12kg contains 0.1kg of kerosene at 15°C. If 56g of aluminium at
80°C is transferred into the liquid and the final temperature of the mixture is 27°C. (Taking heat
loss to be negligible, specific heat capacity of aluminium is 900J/kgK and copper 400J/kgK).
Determine:
i. Heat absorbed by kerosene and calorimeter. (3mks)
ii. Heat lost by aluminium (2mks)
iii. The specific heat capacity of kerosene. (2mks)
17. a) i. Define the term diffusion (1mk)
ii) State two factors affecting the rate of diffusion in gases. (2mks)
iii) Compare liquids and gases in terms of intermolecular forces (1mk)
b) i. The diagram below shows a bimetallic strip at room temperature. Draw the strip when
temperatures are lowered below room temperature. Given that B has a higher linear expansivity
than A. (1mk)
A
B

ii) Explain your answer in b(i) above. (1mk)

iii) The diagram below shows two glass tumblers filled with boiling water at the same time. State and
explain the observation. (3mks)

Hot liquid
A B

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KCSE 2024 FINAL PREDICTION

EXPECTED EXAM 10
232/2

PHYSICS
PAPER 2 (THEORY)
TIME: 2 HOURS

NAME……………………………………………………………………………………….

SCHOOL……………………………………………… SIGN………………………..

INDEX NO……………………………………………. ADM NO……………………

(Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education)

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
 Write your name, class and index number in the spaces provided above
 Attempt ALL questions in sections A and B.
 All your answers must be written in the spaces provided in this question paper.
 All working must be clearly shown
 Non programmable silent electronic calculators and KNEC mathematical tables may be used
except where stated otherwise.

FOR EXAMINER’S USE ONLY

Section Question (s) Max. Score Candidates Score
A 1 – 12 25
13 11
14 14
15 11
16 10
B 17 9
Total 80

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SECTION A: (25 MARKS)
1. An incident ray makes an angle of 250 to the mirror as shown below.
Fig 1

250

Complete the diagram to show how the ray is reflected after striking the mirror hence calculate angle
of reflection. (2 mks)
2. Give the reason why insulators do not conduct electric current. (1 mk)
3. A positively charged glass rod is brought near the brass cap of a negatively charged electroscope.
Explain why the leaf falls. (2 mks)
4. What causes a freely suspended magnetic needle to always point in the north south direction?
(1 mk)
5. A ray of light travelling towards a concave mirror passes through its centre of curvature. State how
the ray is reflected after striking the mirror. (1 mk)
6. Fig 2 below shows a magnetic compass placed near a conductor in an electric circuit.
Plotting compass

a) State what happens to the magnetic needle when the switch is closed. (1 mk)
b) Explain why the needle behaves as described in (a) above. (1 mk)
7. What are longitudinal waves. (1 mk)
8. An echo sounder in a ship produces a sound pulse of frequency 24.8 KHZ. An echo is received
from sea bed at a depth of 175m after 0.25 seconds. Calculate the wave length of sound in water.
(3 mks)
9. The critical angle of a ray of light travelling from medium A to air is 44 0.
a) Define the term critical angle. (1 mk)
0
b) Calculate the angle of refraction, when the angle of incidence is decreased to 40 (give your
answer to 3 decimal places.) (3 mks)
10. A circular wave is incident on a straight reflector as shown in fig 3 below.
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Reflector

Complete the diagram to show how the wave is reflected. (2 mks)

11. Fig 4. Below shows a circuit consisting of capacitors and a battery

Determine the charge stored in the circuit (3mk)

12. a) Sketch a graph to show the variation of the current against time for a discharging capacitor in
axis below. Current
(1 mk)

Time
b) State two ways of increasing the capacitance of a capacitor. (2mk)
SECTION B (55 MARKS)
13.a) State two factors that determine the heat produced by a conductor when connected to an
electric circuit. (2mks)
b) The electrical power is given by
P= V I where V= Pd across a conductor
I= Current through a conductor.
Show that electrical power can also be given by
P=V2/R where R=resistance. (3 mk)
c) What property does a fuse wire have that makes it suitable for its use in a circuit. (1 mk)

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d) An electric heater rated 1.2 KW, 240V supplies 5.5 x 105 joules of heat energy to water in an
insulated container.
i) For how long is the heater switched on.(Give your answer in minutes and to 2 decimal places)
(3 mks)
ii) Determine the resistance of the heater coil (2 mks)
14. a) (i)Using a ray diagram show how a convex lens forms an image when an object is placed
between it and its focal point. (3 mks)
(ii)Name one optical device that makes use of the above set up. (1 mk)
b) In an experiment to determine the focal length of a converging lens, several values of image
distance V and corresponding values of object U were obtained.
Object distance (U) cm 10 15 20 25
Image distance (V) cm 40.0 17.1 13.3 11.8
1/ x 10-2 (cm-1)
U
1/ x 10 -2 (cm -1)
v

i) Complete the table. (2 mks)

ii) Plot a graph of 1/v against 1/U and produce it to cut both axis (4 mks)
iii) Find the intercepts at 1 /u. = _______________ (cm )-1 (1 mk)
1/ = ______________ (cm-1) (1 mk)
v
iv) Determine the average value of focal length of the lens from the graph (2 mks)
15. (a) The table below shows an arrangement of electromagnetic spectrum.
Radio waves Micro waves A Visible light B X rays Gamma rays
i) Name the radiation represented by B. (1mk)
ii) Name the human organ that detect radiation A. (1mk)
iii) State one application of gamma rays. (1mk)
b) Fig 5. Shows a dry cell (the paper that covers the dry cell is not shown)

Mixture of carbon powder

and manganese iv oxide

a) Name the parts labelled A and B (2mk)

b) State and explain the importance of manganese (iv) oxide in the cell (2mks)
c) Explain why large currents should not be drawn from the cell for a long time (2mks)
c) State with reasons whether the dry cell is classified as primary or secondary type of cell (2mks)
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16. a) Explain what is meant by non-Ohmic conductors (2mks)
b) State the reason why electromotive force of a cell is always higher than the potential difference
(terminal voltage) (1mk)
c) Fig 6, below shows three identical bulbs A, B, and C connected in a series – parallel circuit.

A B

i) State the bulb with the highest potential difference. (1 mk)

ii) If current through Bulb B is 0.85A, determine the current through bulb A. (2 mks)
d) State two factors that affect a resistance of a metal conductor (2mks)
e) i)In the axis provided below sketch a graph to show the relationship between the resistance( R)
and temperature of a thermistor (1mk)

Resistance

Temperature
ii) Explain the curve of your graph in (e) (i) above. (1mk)
17(a) What is meant by the term diffraction of a wave (1mk)
b) State two factors that determine the extent of diffraction of a given wave (2 mks)
c) Two identical loudspeakers connected to the same audio-frequency generator are placed some
distance away from each other as shown below.

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i) Briefly describe the sound experienced by:

a) An observer moving along line AB. (1mk)
b) i) An observer moving along CD. (1mk)
ii) Explain the sound experienced by the observer in (b (i)) above (2mks)
d) i) State with reason the effect of increasing the frequency of the audio generator on the sound
heard along line CD (2mks)

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