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Introduction To Differential Equations

The document discusses the concept of line integrals in vector calculus, particularly focusing on the evaluation of work done by a force along a path. It references Green's Theorem and provides examples of calculating integrals over closed curves in a plane. The text also emphasizes the independence of the integral from the path taken, depending only on the endpoints.

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Raghav Sharma
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
37 views11 pages

Introduction To Differential Equations

The document discusses the concept of line integrals in vector calculus, particularly focusing on the evaluation of work done by a force along a path. It references Green's Theorem and provides examples of calculating integrals over closed curves in a plane. The text also emphasizes the independence of the integral from the path taken, depending only on the endpoints.

Uploaded by

Raghav Sharma
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
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Ji? | PdPe deep 2 aie 5 ? 7 cadet fa fe aot oy [tect ale (a2 @ a * afar fn y HedO PPA? of (yrdnae e fero+ (ox an, i =f gee nog) a om arp dy = [cor sprey = Cy =f Mere ue neti dhat Pax Hnheprek qe aon tte paths (7), Cir) Cy) tn BaAmMe & Rrddhe wok clone %n mofing a parhele fn a force. rela Fe aay? -sef trom dew the came vot t+! fe ot*,548 fem toot ter C2010) of Nok done = [Par = [Compt saps loge). (dre j ey +hdz) & c = [Grpda- sedy +tonde) c Ge Ca et, arty Zot from tee ba . wak done =f “acted. (2).fotdd) — 5 BCU AL + Le (ER atAE 2 (2 de atdty dyn ate of Pre) — act sce ude dzaatde) =f Gr rotte aa olde ° efirtey rot aot) p aot? 7% = 16(84 44340) & fata red nablaaee > 1606010940) = souk be = Fe fin 39 mk LL Cb dhe tume ast, yoob, zat for tee te tor, evebuatt the Une Tntyral (PRAY. Carre) eel Sie ae good, 2B ve hme We ate peek ee Pe 2att patie tk fence, AM Cotte spat Rat, Ale, Fle my) apt rhe = agi. ey+tk Pras fore EYE UTR) Blok be af ath) HMO UD 4 pat et DE Rea er ot JAE tabi (a Da) Oh affutes (-3- z) +4 (3 +h ee : teggeak Be cdlat a) 4 har P Ra (etacar yd Dp firi sans CY F200 whee Cb dha bu af the Rove Tn dhe fit peasant phoudked by he cums yer b a aaerden? sh a) pe [Leyte Carag) - (Raverg a) = L Cree ydac trot y ={ 'G cada Coen? ance Jef (ty Byrd agde + HPA (a4 2 satya! a( stoat ¢ vee y 2 (+2) ( (rs)e 5) Gwe C cons ol dhe vewe Ty from ob A, along gon” bthe Cucpne Ty pon ree, alongs Y=: 2) my ox) and © ey?) POs Mae Cyr eddy = fiteretdane 08 2 gxd)amel fear =f! (eteey wtetedde- | (4 yoy Pry say Dele -[oeegreey- [feats at]! et Ge. Show habe [yore s (et encre dy bly ray tages sa A whoo he pt Foteyeebin, orm cao Cia site the Grbegead CGGSIPO 20) 2) & f° Geen inher Bad? tohewe Fa Cysts Careers) f + Cys tay2R uP. jt 3h ft 4 4 [# % be =U Cita tezq}-%-22) +4 (rosk e ztexte” degeg= no Hone Eis Srwlalionall weeloe feck: Thus, dhevre mut ankt aselar 4 auch dot Fe wp o Ghan fnkgenal S [Fala = [raed Ceber gd ger hAq) x2 { fadu + 38 dg «fhe =f 2 O(a3n- 4 12,2) Neo, dak wsfid , foow Fie V4 pee Ra at Begeto0, ple ptant BP = grt ty) a2 oye tAly, 2) 2 94 = x2t88, dont, Bo my % +ACY 2) at ae Conn Lath (2 » pa= ztet pac prqet Bz) be aye tages foro 9 Bb ange y reyes Cope et kth (D> gee 9 OS condant 4 Eo penye mt ye tye te Thus, gon rtges = bls 4- 4lya2) = Bris = oF (a FL 3 $9 5 eluate » 9) te C42) cae mpeg ge owt de i [Aa yoveet} Aw: =z, | Fav hee Cathe erme ae hd ven by P= stny bt ee oe see” ‘dhe Une Intepeeh over a Frelae path geen q wry bate, Sf As particle mows Pr ~y plane (exo). kt We ata ad@edutsd.. cirealane path in a> a ont rg=e8nE 20 ohare b varie one oO & 2c i p Fare C sho A wren. ant dy 4’) . plstny doe to Ctt ep dalg = f. 0 Giny decprecaspdy) 4 may J > b [Abang tnd) » [Ta tacest&y taht Dh 4 Te ey ate de = la cast Rw (a Lt) | + e[ Cle cart) ole 2 = Ta. bu Find the wk cone Gn rnofvg @ particle nthe free dol Fe auth (ona) ah > “f . a) the straight Bre drm (20,6) & C413) BD dhe came dafmadd 4 yo my ates fro mao 2. cel | FAP x f Dovtis foneyp}s 2k]. Grady nde) L i : = wda + Cone- elles ites m+ (a9 pag+ 7 a yf" 4 + abet ie Ee from (0,0) t (2.13) ane eet eact p2eot are ak paraiectle ge a (0,0, 2 = gas ainst |’ a a > meaty yet (211s) eco pond & teod tl, ‘ =( Paz! 2 BLE [HDC dt +> ve erhdone af PA? 7 [aceeD obdt + f 2st) =f) cael’ sidt= 1¢ ff Rn ENY, ax ez, Then, pamela of ane Wy t, ye tha, 22347, t vores from ob 2. werk dene = [Far s he fae ao He] ap (od By ste 2 ie. > Green! Theorem Gincthe plane Sfaderrenti- x} if bee dan nctlons wap) 4 Peg Mite prvtel | defrvadres axe single valuek J Gnfinuns overa plore ee R beundeh @ closed Cuave C, then peat a iad (Bera) Nele- “the eee te riage be unttten as TPR RUE we bu Ness Cpreanls Lumme in the ma -pbe Ae f Cag yer whens Me 5th clu nme ofthe myton ainda by om feger. cqgsihe 22%) 2 gh Qreafyht Une yee Be they hrs (oe) be ACID, The postive @ won Ww far rg ee from 0 & Ay dhe atren Une ings f(udoet vty) where Us an ~% * t "cactatda aX) de pt tae = I! (soot male 2? opty! at awabole eye ae Pntfenrect at the direction Qn travesty 2) Along Gest teem AiO che: alien Antegwal afd Sy f, (tart DA ag Vrs [iste & 4 4 Mts ak Ret TE Fer BO antye (| [Be Ofer Jet {VPP 4 A 4 = [pte prdedy | [crag . i toa de a wf Catrnnte (ee . Crem Rrohnberot the a ven ty fb 44 = * f- x4 ee lL a(S °F]°% one weenl lemma Sa vere Ex Use wear deen fet the @ q f snaline of Fra Sntegrrng [Bad where Fe gtaadp 2 Crahyhat, ene o fe fieAte= udsef 7: weg vee By Greeks the, fader ody = SCR) ety whines B dhe plane are bounded by the clered carne Crtnyeaty 220 TPB BEM eee gy S q Siva htt = = | oo? wed dO were a ral diode © --a fia xd > -3na — Cveduake by Goren), thm, fo Gogde t caydd Where CS dhe wechangle uit vevhes (0, (e,), UE, %), C+, 9). C 2606, 202) . sf By Green! thm , forge aL Gti ede a 2 a cloud turrme Here, f- Eg qe & my wher CB a uw ndleBng The refer. R, by given Coe es en ae + PEM de vFeyty Il [= Cay) - « 8 (e% Oy ohY hac Rig dhe ~ujton ended ta cthe ~weckangle th wertere (e,0), (@, 6), (9,9 , (oe). f = ff (-E7ay - e feng dye ee Ae = = safetde | cogs = 2(e=1) evaluate ff (nym aryrd et” fow enclowe by fe Ving Grea dm Gn ay-plene Can sndy 4] acwund dhe Gunne C q the +4 ye ee Lb mer. ; cB} By Gress hom (Goap ang VA Coby t 3) ly > J, act ni oy) do “| [REPO -B “tf Coma = pou re) daly = flee fe me a = feegt b dae [4 sada = oy 2 Ue 2 3 oe Ath e simple closed cume fn the 77 plane not WY endosn en tne tal \ ne. 0 Fe gtogt Sc oy af [Fide ! ae (ete p) Seo ey” {PRES Be) aap “i Ce tale (ex deo el ” ps Ande I [yy (ry age caer ota Ge A QGreunls the 4s eveluals ! Leone ytd + mage where NY oe le Hh ft area enclereol by dhe math Jp dhe upp tf dhe afndle x y"s a. SU gtacle Qeeeon’» thm, KD ” J [lex my) dx * ("+ y ae) - ‘4 as Pa % “yO gerard when A 2 neon Sanh i: _— Fe wc(tmo +sine) dod ajo edde) a » ped «( WERTTTOLO 22k Bra) 2 ue! oe Using Grreanls thm, ewaluake [leq-#ora + conde’) cds) hale CS So dhe plane ‘Monyle enclored by dhe (nes yao 7, 2 goa sf Here, >= ys Gna» We Corre } ay Greonln them, [iy heoderswndad 1 34) dnd . . (te Boned wee ye = * * csfoe Ig, a fae rd, : \ xt eel o| te [Recumeode | » m4 = +2 | e por | re ° + a (142) = - (a+ = aly .=\A via

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