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L3 Earthquake

The document provides an overview of earthquakes, describing them as vibrations of the Earth caused by sudden movements of rock materials. It explains the concepts of hypocenter and epicenter, the types of earthquakes (tectonic and volcanic), and how their intensity and magnitude are measured. Additionally, it includes a list of significant historical earthquakes along with instructions for writing a reaction paper about the movie 'San Andreas'.

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samsonzyann15
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8 views29 pages

L3 Earthquake

The document provides an overview of earthquakes, describing them as vibrations of the Earth caused by sudden movements of rock materials. It explains the concepts of hypocenter and epicenter, the types of earthquakes (tectonic and volcanic), and how their intensity and magnitude are measured. Additionally, it includes a list of significant historical earthquakes along with instructions for writing a reaction paper about the movie 'San Andreas'.

Uploaded by

samsonzyann15
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Is

a weak to violent
shaking of the ground
produced by the
sudden movement of
rock materials below
the earth’s surface.
Vibration of Earth
due to rapid release
of energy.
Also known as
quake, tremor or
temblor.
 can be violent enough
to toss people around
and destroy whole
cities.
are measured using
observations
from seismometers.
 A. Tectonic origin-
earthquakes are produced by
sudden movement along
faults and plate boundaries.
 B. Volcanic origin-
earthquakes are produced by
movement of magma beneath
active volcanoes.
 Hypocenter- also known
as the focus
- in fact, a true point --
that point at which the
slip of an earthquake
begins.
- Located at some depth
underground
Epicenter- is simply
the point on the
Earth's surface directly
above the hypocenter.
http://scedc.caltech.edu/Module/Pics/s106_off.gif
Is
a break in a
rock along which
movement has
occurred.
 Used to determine the
epicenter of an
earthquake.
 It uses distance
information from three
seismic stations to locate
the earthquake epicenter.
a. Intensity- is the
strength of an
earthquake as perceived
and felt by people in a
certain locality.
 Itis a numerical rating
based on relative effects
to people, objects,
environment and
structures in the
surroundings.
 The intensity is generally
higher near the epicenter.
Itis represented by
Roman Numerals.
Measured by a
Mercalli scale
b. Magnitude- is
proportional to the energy
released by an earthquake
at the focus.
It is calculated from
earthquakes recorded by
an instrument called
seismograph.
Measured by Richter
or Moment scale
It is represented by
Arabic Numbers.
From the seismogram
you can possibly
determine the location
of the epicenter
The difference in the
arrival times of the P
waves and S waves.
Location Date UTC Magnitude Lat. Long. Reference

Kanamori,
1. Chile 1960 05 22 9.5 -38.29 -73.05 1977
1964 Great
Alaska Kanamori,
2. Earthquake 1964 03 28 9.2 61.02 -147.65 1977
Off the West
Coast of
Northern Park et al.,
3. Sumatra 2004 12 26 9.1 3.30 95.78 2005
Near the East
Coast of
4. Honshu, Japan 2011 03 11 9.0 38.322 142.369 PDE

Kanamori,
5. Kamchatka 1952 11 04 9.0 52.76 160.06 1977
Offshore Maule,
6. Chile 2010 02 27 8.8 -35.846 -72.719 PDE

Off the Coast of Kanamori,


7. Ecuador 1906 01 31 8.8 1.0 -81.5 1977

Rat Islands, Kanamori,


8. Alaska 1965 02 04 8.7 51.21 178.50 1977
Northern
Sumatra,
9. Indonesia 2005 03 28 8.6 2.08 97.01 PDE
Kanamori,
10. Assam - Tibet 1950 08 15 8.6 28.5 96.5 1977
Off the west
coast of
northern
11. Sumatra 2012 04 11 8.6 2.311 93.063 PDE

Andreanof Johnson et al.,


12. Islands, Alaska 1957 03 09 8.6 51.56 -175.39 1994
Southern
Sumatra,
13. Indonesia 2007 09 12 8.5 -4.438 101.367 PDE

Banda Sea, Okal and


14. Indonesia 1938 02 01 8.5 -5.05 131.62 Reymond, 2003
Kanamori,
15. Kamchatka 1923 02 03 8.5 54.0 161.0 1988
Chile-
Argentina Kanamori,
16. Border 1922 11 11 8.5 -28.55 -70.50 1977

Kanamori,
17. Kuril Islands 1963 10 13 8.5 44.9 149.6 1977
Updated 2012 April 11
 Watch the video clips (or you can watch the full movie with
your family) from the movie "San Andreas". Write a
reaction paper not less than 200 words but not more than
500 words. In writing a reaction paper, please take note of
the following.
 How to write a Reaction Paper
I. Summary of the movie
a. Give a short description of the movie you may include
the title, actors and date released.
b. Write a short summary of the movie.
II. Your reaction to the movie
a. How can you relate the movie in our previous lesson?
b. Describe your feeling as you finished watching the
movie.
c. What message in the movie wants to impart to us?
Explain.

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