Scribd
Upload
5 views15 pages

Object Detection With YOLO - Simplified and Applied

The document discusses the YOLO (You Only Look Once) object detection system, highlighting its real-time speed and high accuracy for identifying objects in images and videos. It details the process of training YOLO models, preparing datasets, and applying YOLO for specific tasks like Aadhaar OCR. Key challenges and solutions for implementing YOLO in complex scenarios are also addressed, emphasizing its suitability for time-sensitive applications.

Uploaded by

raydolly2003
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
5 views15 pages

Object Detection With YOLO - Simplified and Applied

The document discusses the YOLO (You Only Look Once) object detection system, highlighting its real-time speed and high accuracy for identifying objects in images and videos. It details the process of training YOLO models, preparing datasets, and applying YOLO for specific tasks like Aadhaar OCR. Key challenges and solutions for implementing YOLO in complex scenarios are also addressed, emphasizing its suitability for time-sensitive applications.

Uploaded by

raydolly2003
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 15

AI based Fraud Management System for UID

Aadhar

Object Detection with


YOLO: Simplified and
Applied
What is Object Detection?
Definition: Identifying objects in images/videos with bounding boxes, labels, and confidence
scores.

Real-World Applications:

● Self-driving cars
● Retail analytics
● Security surveillance
● Document analysis (e.g., Aadhaar OCR)
Annotated Aadhar Card with bounding boxes around objects
Introduction to YOLO (You Only Look Once)
Key Features:

● Real-time speed.
● High accuracy.
● Single neural network predicts bounding boxes and class probabilities simultaneously.

Why YOLO?

● Faster than traditional methods.


● Versatile for multiple use cases.

Feature Extraction Backbone

● YOLO uses a convolutional neural network (CNN) backbone (e.g., Darknet, CSPDarknet, or a transformer-based
architecture in YOLOv5/YOLOv8).
● This backbone extracts spatial features and patterns like edges, textures, and object shapes.
● Feature maps are progressively downsampled, summarizing the image into smaller but richer representations.
How YOLO Works
Step-by-Step:

1. Input: Image or video.


2. Detection: Neural network identifies objects, bounding boxes, and confidence scores.
3. Output: Labeled image with bounding boxes.
Training YOLO Models
Steps:

1. Prepare Dataset:
○ Dataset format: Images + label .txt files in YOLO format.
2. Choose Pre-Trained Model: YOLO11n, YOLO11s, etc.
3. Train: Fine-tune on custom data using:
○ Command: model.train(data="dataset.yaml", epochs=100, imgsz=640)
Dataset Preparation
YOLO Dataset Format:

● Images in folders (e.g., train, val).


● Labels in .txt files with:
○ Class number, normalized x, y, width, height.

Structure Example:
Validating YOLO Models
Validation Command:

metrics = model.val()

print(metrics.box.map) # mAP50-95

Key Metrics:

● mAP: Mean Average Precision.


● Speed: Inference time (ms).
Predicting with YOLO
Steps:

1. Load the model: model = YOLO("best.pt").


2. Run predictions:

results = model("path/to/image.jpg")
Output:

● Bounding boxes, labels, and confidence scores.


Exporting YOLO Models
Why Export?

● Deploy on different platforms.


● Optimize for speed and hardware (e.g., ONNX, TensorRT).

Command:

model.export(format="onnx")
Applying YOLO for Aadhaar OCR
OCR with YOLO:

1. Detect regions of interest (e.g., name, address, DOB).


2. Extract detected regions and run OCR.

Steps:

● Train YOLO on Aadhaar-specific labeled data.


● Use detected regions for text extraction with Tesseract OCR or other tools.
Challenges and Solutions
Challenges:

● Complex backgrounds.
● Variations in Aadhaar formats.
● Small or unclear text regions.

Solutions:

● Use high-resolution images.


● Augment training data.
Why YOLO for This Project?
Real-Time Detection: YOLO processes the entire image in one forward pass, making it ideal for time-sensitive
applications like KYC validation or live OCR tasks.

Simplicity: A unified architecture ensures fewer moving parts, reducing complexity and potential bugs.

Efficiency: Lightweight versions (e.g., YOLOv3-tiny) run on lower hardware, while newer YOLO versions offer a
great balance between speed and accuracy.

Use Case Suitability:

● Detecting specific fields (name, address, photo) on structured documents like Aadhar cards aligns with
YOLO's grid-based detection.
● Prioritizing speed over extremely high precision is sufficient for KYC workflows.
Model Strengths Weaknesses Examples

- Real-time performance
- Unified architecture - Lower accuracy for small objects (older
- High FPS versions) Object detection in live feeds,
YOLO - Simple to implement - Relatively coarse localization OCR Applications

- High accuracy
- Robust for small objects - Slower inference speed Medical image analysis, Satellite
Faster R-CNN - Region Proposal Network (RPN) - Requires more resources imagery

- Faster than R-CNN


- Better for small objects than YOLO (older - Limited accuracy compared to YOLO
SSD versions) - Higher complexity in anchor design Autonomous driving systems

- Handles class imbalance with Focal Loss - Slower than YOLO


RetinaNet - High accuracy for dense scenes - More computationally intensive Detecting wildlife in dense forests

- Simple and efficient


- Avoids anchors - Limited flexibility for complex scenes
CenterNet - Great for small objects - Less tested in real-world applications Small-scale object tracking
Summary
Key Takeaways:

● YOLO is fast and accurate for real-time object detection.


● Custom training enables domain-specific applications like Aadhaar OCR.
● Export and deploy models for various platforms.

You might also like