What you will learn today?

MELC: Explain the properties of solids, liquids, and

gases based on the particle nature of matter

Specific objectives:
A. Classify matter based on its physical state ( solids,
liquid and gas)

B. Describe the structure of solids, liquids and gases

based on
*shape & molecular arrangement
* mass & volume
* movement of molecules
What is
matter?
Activity 1

Matter or
Non-
matter?
MATTER OR NON –MATTER ?
1
MATTER OR NON –MATTER ?
2
3

water
4

light
MATTER OR NON –MATTER ?
5

air inside the balloon

6

heat
7

sound
8

steam
9

bricks
10

gravity
11

time
12

chalk
So light, sound, and heat are not matter.
Why?
Do they have mass? Do they take up space?

light sound heat

Activity 2 :
Concept Map

When you see the word

matter, what comes to
your mind?
MATTER
- can be detected using our senses. ( sight, hearing,
taste, touch, smell)
Experiment #1
● Materials : sugar and cup of water

● Procedure : mix the sugar into the water

● Question : Why is sugar no longer visible?

The sugar particles have mixed with the

water particles.
The sugar is broken down into
tiny particles by the water.
It so tiny that we cannot see them
with our naked eyes.

1.Matter is composed of tiny particles.

EXPERIMENT NO. 2
* Materials : powdered dye, four cups of water
1 cup 200ml, #2 cup 100ml, #3 cup 100ml, #4 cup 100ml)
Procedure : 1. Add a teaspoon of powdered dye in the first cup.
2. Gradually add half of the mixture to the second cup.
3.The same goes to the third cup and fourth cup.
Question : 1. What did you notice?
A small amount of dye can color a large
amount of water because the color of the dye
can still be seen in the last cup.
The powdered dye contains of millions of
particles that enables them to spread to the
water.
 EXPERIMENT # 3
● Materials : sugar and glass of water
● Procedure: Put a teaspoon of sugar in the glass of water
● Question : What happens to the water level? Is there a rise
in the water level? Explain.

There is no rise in the water level because the particles

of the sugar can fit between the spaces of water particles
. Water particles composed of tiny particles with spaces
between them.

2. Particles have spaces between them

 EXPERIMENT NO.4
● Materials : 3 syringe, sugar, water
● Procedure :
1.Pull the syringe until it reaches the 30ml mark.
2. Press your thumb against the plunger tip and press the
plunger with your other thumb.
Can you push the plunger?
3. Using the syringe , suck 30ml of water. Press your thumb
against the plunger tip and press the plunger with your other thumb.
What did you observe?
3. Put the sugar into the syringe up to 30ml . Press you thumb against
the plunger tip and press the plunger with your other thumb.
What did you notice? Were you able to compress the sugar?
Particles of solid and liquid -cannot
be compressed

Particles of gas
-can be compressed
 EXPERIMENT NO.5

● Materials : cologne or perfume

Procedure : Spray the perfume on the body
of a classmate.
Can you smell the perfume even
you are 1 meter away ?
Materials : powdered dye and bottle water
Procedure : Slowly add powdered dye to the
bottled water
Set the bottle aside without disturbing the set
up.
Explain what happened
EXPERIMENT # 6

Materials : powdered dye and bottle water

Procedure : Slowly add powdered dye to the
bottled water
Set the bottle aside without disturbing the set
up.
Explain what happened.

Particles are moving all the time.

EXPERIMENT NO.7

Materials : Piece of metal and

cracker
Try to break the piece
of metal and cracker
What happened?

Particles of matter attract each other.

WHAT IS MATTER MADE OF?
ATOMS
Matter is composed of tiny particles called
.

atoms.

Atoms are the basic units of matter and the defining structure of
elements. The term "atom" comes from the Greek word for
indivisible, because it was once thought that atoms were the
smallest things in the universe and could not be divided
 Democritus

• He named the
smallest piece of
matter “atomos,”
meaning “not to be
cut.”
Dalton’s Theory

• Atoms are indivisible

and indestructible
particles.
• Atoms of the same
element are exactly alike.
• Atoms of different
elements are different.

JOHN DALTON
What is a molecule?

When two or more atoms

combined together in a specific
arrangement it is called
molecule.
• It can be a combination of
atoms of the same element or of
different elements.
 The Particles of Matter

Atoms Molecules Ions

 How big is an atom?

• The size of an atom is measured

in angstroms. One angstrom is a
unit of length equal to one ten
millionth of a millimetre.
• The scanning tunneling
microscope (STM) allows
scientists to view and scan
the surface of very small
particles like atoms. It can
magnify an image 10
million times.
 Particle Theory of Matter
1. Matter is made of tiny particles.
2. There is empty space between the
particles.
3. The particles are in constant motion.
4. There are forces that act between the
particles
Particle Theory of Matter
(4 Principles)
1. All matter is
made of tiny
particles

2. All particles of a pure

substance are the same.
Different substances are
made of different
particles.
3. Particles are always moving. The more
energy they have the faster they move.

4. There are attractive forces

between particles. These
forces are stronger when the
particles are closer together.
PARTICLE MODELS OF THE THREE
STATES OF MATTER
ACTIVITY 3 : Lets get
Direction : Unscramble the letters to form a word ( name of a
matter) then identify the state of matter

1. IJUEC 6. SONTE
2. EMPCOUTR 7. ILMK
3.EASTM 8. OALHCOL
4. IEGVNAR 9. RNEITOGN
5.TEARW 10. OWDO
 Property
ATTRACTION OF STATE OF
PARTICLES MATTER

WEAKEST GAS

STRONG SOLID

WEAK LIQUID
 Property
ARRANGEMENT OF STATE OF MATTER
PARTICLES
Tightly packed but are far
enough for them to slide over
one another
LIQUID
Tightly packed, vibrating at a fix
point SOLID

Particles are very far apart and

move freely GAS
 Property
SHAPE AND VOLUME STATE OF MATTER

Definite shape and definite

volume SOLID

Indefinite shape and

indefinite volume GAS

Indefinite shape but have

definite volume LIQUID
 Property
MOTION OF PARTICLES STATE OF MATTER

PARTICLES MOVE
VERY SLOW SOLID

PARTICLES MOVE
MORE QUICKLY LIQUID
PARTICLES MOVE
VERY FAST GAS
 Property
COMPRESIBILITY OF STATE OF MATTER
PARTICLES
CAN BE COMPRESSED
GAS

CANNOT BE
COMPRESSED SOLID

CANNOT BE
COMPRESSED LIQUID
 Property
SHAPE STATE OF MATTER

Fixed shape
SOLID

No fixed shape. Takes the

shape of the container GAS
No fixed shape.Takes the
shape of the container LIQUID
 ATTRACTION OF ARRANGEMENT OF SHAPE AND MOTION OF COMPRESIBILITY
STATES PARTICLES PARTICLES VOLUME PARTICLES

OF
MATTER
SOLID

LIQUID

GAS
 Particle Theory of Matter
(4 Principles)
1. All matter is made of
tiny particles

2. All particles of a pure

substance are the same.
Different substances are
made of different particles.
3. Particles are
always moving.
The more energy
they have the
faster they
move.

4. There are attractive forces

between particles. These forces
are stronger when the particles
are closer together.
Let the students develop their reasoning, thinking
and self -evaluation to gain higher order knowledge
by doing the metacognition strategy.
The students will follow the outline of the Frame to
write what they know about a term. The Frame has
starter phrases that should be completed.
My chosen word is --------------
I know that I know something ------------------
First, I know that----------------------------
In addition, I know ----------------------------
Finally I know---------------------------
Now, you know something that I know ----------
-----------------
Let Us check Your Understanding
Summative Test
How was the lesson?