module 6
module 6
module 6
Definition of Terms:
Environment- means anything that surround us. It can be living (biotic) or non-living (abiotic) things. It
includes physical, chemical and other natural forces. ... In the environment there are different interactions
between animals, plants, soil, water, and other living and non-living things.
Wastes- substances discharged from daily life, products as processes or other activities
Pollutants -are the elements, molecules and particles involved in Pollution - life can be
harmed when exposed to these materials, and the effects of them on humans and plants are
well known. ... Different types of pollutants include: Nitrogen oxides (NOx) Sulfur oxides (SOx)
Particulate matter (PM)
The Republic Act (RA) 9003, otherwise known as the Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000,
provides the necessary policy framework, institutional mechanisms and mandate to the local government
unites (LGUs) to achieve 25% waste reduction through establishing an integrated solid waste management
plans based on 3Rs (reduce, reuse and recycling).
Under RA 9003, LGUs are primarily responsible for the effective and efficient solid waste management,
particularly garbage segregation and disposal. Every LGU is required to develop a 10-year Solid Waste
Management Plan (SWMP), including the establishment of materials recovery facilities (MRF) and sanitary
landfills.
Environmental Protection includes programs that are aimed at reducing risks to the
environment from contaminants such as hazardous materials and wastes.
You can take action to protect the environment by recycling, reusing, and
composting; making better transport choices; reducing your electricity
usage; buying local; donating to conservation groups; and avoiding toxic
chemicals. You can also get involved in politics.
These principles are (i) sovereignty and responsibility principle, (ii) the
precautionary principle, (iii) the prevention principle, (iv) the "polluter pays"
principle and (iv) sustainable development principle.
Clean Air Act Of 1999 (RA 8749) Ecological Solid Waste Management Act (RA 9003)
Clean Water Act (RA 9275) Environmental Awareness And Education Act Of 2009 (RA
9512)
The six laws related to environmental protection and wildlife are: The Environment
(Protection) Act, 1986; The Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980; The Wildlife Protection
Act, 1972; Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974; Air (Prevention and
Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 and The Indian Forest Act, 1927.
The law aims to protect the country's water bodies from pollution from land-based
sources (industries and commercial establishments, agriculture and
community/household activities).
This act seeks to ensure that decisions pertaining to the environment are made in an
integrated manner, in collaboration with appropriate authorities, non-governmental
organizations and other persons, provides for preventive and remedial measures for the
control and mitigation of all forms of environmental degradation ...
Environmental law works to protect land, air, water, and soil. Negligence of these
laws results in various punishments like fines, community service, and in some extreme
cases, jail time. Without these environmental laws, the government would not be able to
punish those who treat the environment poorly.
Other environmental problems that the country is facing include pollution, illegal
mining and logging, deforestation, dynamite fishing, landslides, coastal erosion,
wildlife extinction, global warming and climate change.
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The Philippines has sound and comprehensive environmental laws and policies.
However, it suffers from weak implementation because of inadequate capacity and
financial constraints both at the national and local levels.
The Republic Act No. 9512, or the National Environmental Awareness and Education
Act of 2008, articulates that the state shall promote national awareness of the role
of natural resources in economic growth and the importance of environmental
conservation and ecological balance towards sustained national development.
The Act envisages establishment of NGT in order to deal with all environmental laws
relating to air and water pollution, the Environment Protection Act, the Forest
Conservation Act and the Biodiversity Act as have been set out in Schedule I of the NGT
Act.
The greatest threats to the sustainable development on earth are: population growth
and urbanization, energy use and global warming, excessive waste generation and
the subsequent pollution of soil, air, and water, transportation in cities, and limited
supply of resources. Many of them are interrelated.
The main job of environmental law is to protect human health as well as the
environment. It is all about making balance. The role of the environment is to ensure
that the practices used in the environment do not cause harm to the environment,
human or animal health.
Environmental Principles:
These core principles are:
o sustainability,
o precautionary principle,
o pollution prevention,
o polluter pays,
o cumulative impacts,
o intergenerational equity and.
o public participation.
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Most environmental law falls into a general category of laws known as “command and
control.” Such laws typically involve three elements: (1) identification of a type of
environmentally harmful activity, (2) imposition of specific conditions or
standards on that activity, and (3) prohibition of forms of the activity ...
Main Objective of Environmental Management System
The goals of EMS are to increase compliance and reduce waste: Compliance is the
act of reaching and maintaining minimal legal standards. By not being compliant,
companies may face fines, government intervention or may not be able to operate.
Waste reduction goes beyond compliance to reduce environmental impact.
Avoid smoking indoors (but quitting smoking is the best answer for overall health).
Use craft supplies in well-ventilated areas. Make sure your gas stove is well-
ventilated. Minimize clutter.
Ways to Reduce Air Pollution
Riding a bike or
walking instead of
driving.
Taking a bus or
carpooling.
Buying a car that has
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greater fuel efficiency.
Turning off lights and
appliances when they
are not in use.
Using energy efficient light bulbs and appliances.
Buying fewer things that are manufactured using fossil fuels.
How Students Can Help Reduce Environmental Pollution
Use the Reusable. The reusable things aren't something new to hear. ...
Help Recycling. If your reusable property isn't reusable anymore, it still
can be discarded for good, but in a smart way. ...
Save Resources.
o Greening of the health sector to minimize its pollution emissions. 2- Build safe
and affordable public transport systems and pedestrian- and cycle-friendly
networks. 3- Invest in energy-efficient housing and power generation. 4- Improve
industry and municipal waste management.
Air pollution is caused by solid and liquid particles and certain gases that are
suspended in the air. These particles and gases can come from car and truck exhaust,
factories, dust, pollen, mold spores, volcanoes and wildfires. The solid and liquid
particles suspended in our air are called aerosols.
Common air pollution causes along with the effects that have serious
implication on your health on a daily basis.
1. The Burning of Fossil Fuels. ...
2. Industrial Emission. ...
3. Indoor Air Pollution. ...
4. Wildfires. ...
5. Microbial Decaying Process. ...
6. Transportation. ...
7. Open Burning of Garbage Waste. ...
8. Construction and Demolition.
Long-term health effects from air pollution include heart disease, lung cancer, and
respiratory diseases such as emphysema. Air pollution can also cause long-term
damage to people's nerves, brain, kidneys, liver, and other organs. Some scientists
suspect air pollutants cause birth defects.
The Philippine government aims to meet its reforestation targets by cooperating with
various sectors of society. ... Government plantations will rehabilitate degraded
forest areas and protect watersheds. The National Forestation
Programme (NFP) aims to reforest 100,000ha each year.
Some of the steps we can take to conserve our forest resources are as
follows:
Regulated and Planned Cutting of Trees: ...
Control over Forest Fire: ...
Reforestation and Afforestation: ...
Check over Forest Clearance for Agricultural and Habitation Purposes:
...
Protection of Forests: ...
Proper Utilization of Forest and Forests Products:
Three Priority programs for the Forest Protection Conservation and
Development
They provide food, fresh water, livelihoods and climate resilience to more than
100 million Filipinos. ... The forests and oceans of the Philippines sequester
vast amounts of carbon — playing a significant role in the global solution to
climate change.
As spelled out under EO 192, the Forest Management Bureau (FMB), the
Ecosystems Research and Development Bureau (ERDB) and the Protected Areas
and Wildlife Bureau (PAWB) are the DENR bureaus with direct forestry-related
functions.
What is the importance of forest Conservation?
Hence forests also reduce air pollution. Forests also prevent soil erosion and keep soil
pollution in check. Deforestation, in fact, leads to soil erosion on a large scale since the
topsoil comes loose. Forests also play an important part in the water cycle and control
moisture levels of our ecosystem.
Forests take in the carbon dioxide that we breathe out and, in turn, provide us with the
oxygen we breathe in. One mature tree can provide enough oxygen per day to
support between 2 to 10 people. The fewer trees there are, the fewer lives that our
planet can support.
In the Philippines the forests are considered the country's natural resource base and
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an important pillar in promoting sustainable development (DENR 1990). Despite
this, past efforts have been ineffective in halting a persistent onslaught on these
resources.
Having clean water and sanitation means being able to avoid exposure to countless
diseases. Every year, millions of people die from diseases caused by inadequate water
supply, sanitation, and hygiene. ... Poor sanitation and unsafe water cause nearly 20%
of workplace deaths.
Water conservation
The Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004 (Republic Act No. 9275) aims to protect the
country's water bodies from pollution from land-based sources (industries and
commercial establishments, agriculture and community/household activities).
One of the strategies in water conservation is rain water harvesting. Digging ponds,
lakes, canals, expanding the water reservoir, and installing rain water catching ducts
and filtration systems on homes are different methods of harvesting rain water. ... Water
in this saturation zone is called groundwater.
Conserving water is important because it keeps water pure and clean while
protecting the environment. Conserving water means using our water supply wisely
and be responsible. As every individual depends on water for livelihood, we must learn
how to keep our limited supply of water pure and away from pollution.
The Philippines obtains its water supply from different sources. These include: rainfall,
surface water resources, i.e. rivers, lakes, and reservoirs, and groundwater resources. It
has 18 major river basins and 421 principal river basins as defined by the National
Water Regulatory Board (NWRB ).
Indoor:
1. Repair running toilets and leaky faucets;
2. Turn off the tap when brushing your teeth, washing your hands, and shaving;
3. Take shorter showers;
4. Don't let the water run unabated while you wash dishes;
5. When taking a bath, use dipper from pail instead of running water from
shower;
Be part of the solution for pollution and help keep our waterways
healthy with these top tips.
Don't be a tosser; always put litter in the bin. ...
Keep soil and gravels on your site. ...
Rake up leaves and grass. ...
Avoid using fertilizers and pesticides on your garden or block. ...
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Pick up after your pet. ...
Butt out responsibly.
The Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004 (Republic Act No. 9275) aims to protect the
country's water bodies from pollution from land-based sources (industries and
commercial establishments, agriculture and community/household activities).
Youth are increasingly using the power of their collective voice to advocate, lobby
and lead campaigns towards adopting environmentally-friendly practices and
policies. ... More youth continue to adopt both conventional and unconventional
methods to contribute to environmental care and protection
Young people can play an active role in protecting and improving the
environment. ... They can make their homes, schools and youth organizations more
environmentally friendly by adopting environmentally friendly practices, recycling of
different materials as well as preserving resources such as water and electricity.
You can take action to protect the environment by recycling, reusing, and
composting; making better transport choices; reducing your electricity usage; buying
local; donating to conservation groups; and avoiding toxic chemicals. You can also get
involved in politics.
Environment Education
The students play a very role to save the environment by several reasons like they are
sensitized towards the environment, implement the proper strategy of 3 R's which
includes reduce, reuse and recycle and know judicious use of resources.