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Anglish T

The document provides an overview of Information Technology (IT), detailing the roles and responsibilities of IT professionals, including hardware maintenance, software troubleshooting, and data processing. It also discusses the restructuring of the IT department at DataPro Inc. into three sections: quality assurance, data processing, and information security, to improve efficiency. Additionally, it covers the components and functionality of computing systems, including hardware and software distinctions.

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34 views29 pages

Anglish T

The document provides an overview of Information Technology (IT), detailing the roles and responsibilities of IT professionals, including hardware maintenance, software troubleshooting, and data processing. It also discusses the restructuring of the IT department at DataPro Inc. into three sections: quality assurance, data processing, and information security, to improve efficiency. Additionally, it covers the components and functionality of computing systems, including hardware and software distinctions.

Uploaded by

theteatokroom
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Unit 1

Information Technology

Prof Adea Haxhiavdyli


Information Technology is the technology (hardware and
software) required for the processing of data and other
information. It deals with the use of electronic computers
and computer software to convert, store, protect, process,
transmit and securely retrieve information.
Those specialized in Information Technology are responsible for:

• hardware and software maintenance

• troubleshooting technical issues

• electronic data processing.


IT professionals perform various tasks depending on which field they
are in. Programmers for example, code, test, maintain and repair
software applications. Whereas, a systems analyst will provide
support for the maintenance and development of a program. They
are also responsible for the coding and testing of the different
software applications.
Data processing is the act of entering, using or manipulating data with computers.

Quality assurance is the act of checking products for problems.

Encoding is the act of changing data so that no one can read it until it is changed again.

Information security is the act or process of keeping information safe and preventing others
from seeing it.

Technical support is the task of helping people use and understand technology.

Hardware refers to the physical parts of a computer.

Software is a program or instruction that makes a computer perform a specific task.


IT Department restructuring
DataPro Inc. is growing, and so our workload is increasing. But
our IT department is not dealing with this increase effectively.
So I am dividing the IT department into three sections: quality
assurance, data processing and information security. The
responsibilities of each section are:

These changes are not simple or easy. But smaller groups deal with
tasks more efficiently than larger ones. See your supervisors for
your new section assignment.
Thomas Jenkins,
CEO DataPro Inc.
Read the statement from the DataPro Inc. CEO. Then, mark
the following statements as true (T) or false (F).

1 FALSE The IT Department is increasing.

2 FALSE Data Processing employees now encode data.

3 TRUE Supervisors know the employees’ new assignments.


Vocabulary

3 Match the words (1-10) with the definitions (A-J)

1 Software – Programs/instructions added to computers


2 Code - Program language
3 Hardware - The physical parts of a computer
4 Data processing - The act of using information
5 Information security - The act of protecting information
6 Online - Connected to the internet
7 Technical support - Helping people use/understand technology
8 Data - Numbers entered/held in a computer
9 Quality assurance - Checking products for problems
10 Encoding - Putting secret information into code
4 Fill in the blanks with the correct options from the
words given below:

data quality assurance encoding

1 Enter the data into the computer.


2 The company uses encoding to protect information.
3 Quality assurance finds and fixes problems in new
products.
Listen and read the statement from the DataPro Inc. CEO again.
Which section is responsible for helping people to understand
technology?

Suggested answer: The Quality Assurance section is responsible for providing


technical support and assistance to other members of staff. For example,
advice on how to solve specific problems that are computer related.
Listening

6 Listen to a conversation between a DataPro Inc. employee and her


supervisor. Choose the correct answers.

1 What is the dialogue mainly about?


A asking for a raise
B requesting a transfer
C assuring product quality
D improving hardware

2 What can you infer about the employee


A She does not like her new section.
B She has experience with hardware.
C She does not understand the changes.
D She creates valuable software.
7 Listen again and complete the conversation.

Employee: Excuse me, Mr. Hopkins? I have a question about the


restructuring.
Hopkins: Please, come in. What’s your question?
Employee: Well, I’m now in the Quality Assurance section.
Hopkins: Yes. You have a great understanding of hardware.
Employee: Thanks, but I have more experience with Information Security.
Hopkins: I see. You want a transfer then?
Employee: Exactly. I feel that I’m more valuable there.
Hopkins: Let me think about think about it.
Writing

Use the conversation from Task 7 to fill out


the transfer request
Jason Scott
Make up a name for the supervisor
Mr. Scott

Data Processing

Quality Assurance
More experience in testing
hardware and providing technical
support
UNIT 2
INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTING SYSTEMS

What is a Computing System? A computing system is an integrated set of


hardware and software designed to
process data and perform tasks.
Components of Computing Systems
• Hardware: Physical parts of a computer system (e.g., CPU, memory,

storage).

• Software: Programs and operating systems that instruct hardware on

what to do.
Hardware

• Central Processing Unit (CPU): The brain of the computer, executing


instructions

• Memory (RAM): Temporary storage that holds data for quick access

• Storage: Long-term data storage (e.g., hard drives, SSDs)

• Input/Output Devices: Tools for user interaction (e.g., keyboard,


mouse, monitor)
Software

• Operating System (OS): Manages hardware and software resources


(e.g., Windows, macOS, Linux)

• Application Software: Programs designed for specific tasks (e.g.,


word processors, web browsers)

• Utility Programs: Tools for system maintenance and optimization


Types of Computing Systems

• Personal Computers: Designed for individual use, typically in homes or offices

• Servers: Powerful systems that provide resources and services to other


computers over a network

• Mobile Devices: Compact devices like smartphones and tablets for on-the-go
computing

• Embedded Systems: Specialized computing systems built into larger devices


(e.g., appliances, vehicles)
Functionality of Computing Systems

• Hardware and software collaborate to process data and perform


tasks

• The OS acts as an intermediary, managing communication between


hardware and applications.
Read the email about computers
available at TEI Inc. Then, choose
the correct answers.
VOCABULARY
3 Read the sentence and choose the correct word.

1 My (PDA / mainframe) notifies me when I have a meeting.


2 I have a (laptop / supercomputer) to do work on the plane.
3 John has a (server / desktop computer) because he only uses simple
programs.
4 This (computer / server) runs programs, but doesn’t have Internet access.
5 A (workstation / handheld PC) is smaller than a laptop, but still has a
keyboard.
6 Connect to the (server / PDA) to use that printer.
7 A (supercomputer / handheld PC) is the most powerful machine in the world.
A PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) is a small computer that is used to
organize a person’s schedules and information.

A handheld PC is a computer that is smaller, slower and less powerful than


a laptop and used to browse the Internet and check email.

A server is a computer that connects many computers to hardware.

A supercomputer is a large computer that is built to process large amounts


of information at a higher speed than other computers can handle.
B B C
A A
Mainframe

Workstation

Cell phone
Suggested answer: Some employees use workstations

instead of desktops because their programs are too

powerful for a desktop. Workstations are faster too.


Desktop
computers

IT department
workstation

log on

reserve
Desktop
computer
Laptops

Connect to
Workstations the server
References:

Evans, V., Dooley, J., and Wright, S. (2012) Career Paths: Information
Technology for Units 1 and 2. Express Publishing.

Smith, J. (2023) Diagram illustrating the difference between hardware


and software. GeeksforGeeks. Available at:
[https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/difference-between-hardware-and-
software/]

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