‭Lab Report -3:‬

‭ itle:‬‭Write a program to perform basic mathematical‬‭operations on two float‬

T
‭variables and display the user's personal information using unformatted I/O.‬

‭Objectives:‬‭To perform mathematical operations (addition,‬‭subtraction, multiplication,‬

‭ ivision) on two float numbers using preprocessor directives for operators and to input and‬
d
‭display personal details (name, address, age, weight, height) using unformatted I/O.‬

‭Problem Analysis:‬

‭To perform mathematical operations on two float numbers, we need three‬

‭variables: ● x and y to store the float values entered by the user.‬

‭● A variable Ch1 to store the mathematical operator received from the user using‬

‭unformatted I/O.‬

‭Additionally, a preprocessor directive is used to define the operators (+, -, *, /) as‬

‭PLUS, MINUS, MULTIPLY, and DIVIDE. These operators are then applied in the‬

c‭ alculation of the result stored in the variable z. The operations are performed‬
‭based on the operator chosen by the user.‬

‭For personal details, we use unformatted I/O to get input for the following‬
‭variables: ● Name, address (as strings)‬

‭● Age, weight, and height.‬

‭Algorithm:‬

‭1. Start‬

‭2. Declare variables x, y (float) to store input numbers.‬

‭3. Declare a character variable Ch1 to receive the mathematical operator.‬

‭4. Declare preprocessor directives for mathematical operators (PLUS, MINUS, MULTIPLY,‬

‭DIVIDE).‬

‭5. Receive input for x and y using scanf().‬

‭6. Receive input for the operator (Ch1) using unformatted I/O.‬

‭ . Perform the required arithmetic operation based on the value of‬

7
‭Ch1. 8. Store the result in z and display it.‬
‭9. Receive input for the name, address, age, weight, and height using‬
‭unformatted I/O functions.‬

‭10.Display the personal information.‬

‭11.End‬
‭Flowchart :‬

‭ ource Code :‬
S
‭#include <stdio.h>‬

‭int main() {‬
‭// Declare float variables for the numbers and for user input‬
‭float num1, num2;‬
‭char name[50];‬
‭int age;‬

‭// Get the user's name and age (unformatted input)‬

 ‭ rintf("Enter your name: ");‬
p
‭scanf("%s", name); // unformatted input (basic)‬

‭ rintf("Enter your age: ");‬

p
‭scanf("%d", &age); // unformatted input (basic)‬

/‭/ Get the two float numbers from the user‬

‭printf("Enter two numbers (float values): ");‬
‭scanf("%f %f", &num1, &num2);‬

/‭/ Perform and display basic mathematical operations‬

‭printf("\nBasic Mathematical Operations:\n");‬

/‭/ Addition‬
‭printf("Addition: %.2f + %.2f = %.2f\n", num1, num2, num1 + num2);‬

/‭/ Subtraction‬
‭printf("Subtraction: %.2f - %.2f = %.2f\n", num1, num2, num1 - num2);‬

/‭/ Multiplication‬
‭printf("Multiplication: %.2f * %.2f = %.2f\n", num1, num2, num1 * num2);‬

/‭/ Division (with check to avoid division by zero)‬

‭if (num2 != 0) {‬
‭printf("Division: %.2f / %.2f = %.2f\n", num1, num2, num1 / num2);‬
‭} else {‬
‭printf("Error: Division by zero is not allowed.\n");‬
‭}‬

/‭/ Display user personal information‬

‭printf("\nUser Information:\n");‬
‭printf("Name: %s\n", name);‬
‭printf("Age: %d\n", age);‬

‭return 0;‬
‭}‬

‭Output (compilation, debugging & testing)‬

‭Conclusion & Discussion:‬

‭The provided C program successfully performs mathematical operations (addition,‬

‭subtraction, multiplication, and division) using preprocessor directives and unformatted I/O‬
‭for receiving the operator. The program also takes personal information using unformatted‬
‭I/O and displays the data. The unformatted I/O operations work as intended for string input,‬
‭although care should be taken to avoid buffer overflow issues when using gets().‬
‭Lab Report -4:‬

‭Title:‬‭Write a program to calculate and display‬‭the total marks, percentage, and rank for 5‬
‭subjects (Physics, Chemistry, Math, English, and Biology) based on the obtained marks.‬
‭Objectives:‬

‭ o calculate the total marks, percentage, and display the rank of each subject and‬
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‭the overall rank based on the given marks for 5 subjects.‬

‭Problem Analysis:‬

‭To solve the problem, we need to input the marks for 5 subjects (Physics, Chemistry, Math,‬

‭English, and Biology). The total marks and percentage will be calculated based on the input‬
‭marks, and the rank of each subject will be determined by categorising the marks into ranks‬

s‭ uch as fail, pass, second division, first division, distinction, and extraordinary‬
‭based on the percentage ranges.‬

‭Algorithm:‬

‭1. Start‬

‭2. Declare variables to store the marks of 5 subjects, total marks, percentage,‬
‭and ranks for each subject.‬

‭3. Take input from the user for marks of Physics, Chemistry, Math, English, and Biology.‬

‭4. Calculate the total marks by summing the marks of all subjects.‬

‭5. Calculate the percentage as (total marks / 500) * 100.‬

‭6. Determine the rank for each subject based on the percentage:‬

‭○ Marks < 40%: Fail‬

‭○ Marks between 40% and 55%: Pass/Third Division‬

‭○ Marks between 55% and 65%: Second Division‬

‭○ Marks between 65% and 80%: First Division‬

‭○ Marks between 80% and 95%: Distinction‬

‭○ Marks between 95% and 100%: Extraordinary‬

‭7. Display the total marks, percentage, and the rank for each subject.‬

‭8. Display the overall rank based on the percentage obtained.‬

‭9. End‬
‭Flowchart :‬

‭ ource Code :‬
S
‭#include <stdio.h>‬

‭int main() {‬
‭// Declare variables for marks and total‬
‭float physics, chemistry, math, english, biology;‬
‭float totalMarks, percentage;‬
‭char rank[20];‬

/‭/ Ask the user to input marks for 5 subjects‬

‭printf("Enter marks for Physics: ");‬
‭scanf("%f", &physics);‬
 p‭ rintf("Enter marks for Chemistry: ");‬
‭scanf("%f", &chemistry);‬

p‭ rintf("Enter marks for Math: ");‬

‭scanf("%f", &math);‬

p‭ rintf("Enter marks for English: ");‬

‭scanf("%f", &english);‬

p‭ rintf("Enter marks for Biology: ");‬

‭scanf("%f", &biology);‬

/‭/ Calculate total marks and percentage‬

‭totalMarks = physics + chemistry + math + english + biology;‬
‭percentage = (totalMarks / 500) * 100;‬

/‭/ Determine the rank based on percentage‬

‭if (percentage >= 90) {‬
‭sprintf(rank, "A+");‬
‭} else if (percentage >= 80) {‬
‭sprintf(rank, "A");‬
‭} else if (percentage >= 70) {‬
‭sprintf(rank, "B");‬
‭} else if (percentage >= 60) {‬
‭sprintf(rank, "C");‬
‭} else if (percentage >= 50) {‬
‭sprintf(rank, "D");‬
‭} else {‬
‭sprintf(rank, "F");‬
‭}‬

/‭/ Display the total marks, percentage, and rank‬

‭printf("\nTotal Marks: %.2f / 500\n", totalMarks);‬
‭printf("Percentage: %.2f%%\n", percentage);‬
‭printf("Rank: %s\n", rank);‬

‭return 0;‬
‭}‬
‭Output (compilation, debugging & testing)‬

‭Conclusion & Discussion:‬

‭The refined C program effectively addresses the requirements by providing a structured and‬
‭maintainable codebase. The use of functions enhances readability and facilitates easier‬

‭debugging and future modifications. Input validation ensures that the program handles‬
‭unexpected or incorrect user inputs gracefully, preventing potential runtime errors.‬