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4.1 IP Assignment

The document explains how IP addresses are assigned to network interfaces that send and receive datagrams, specifying that only hosts and routers can have IPs, while switches and hubs cannot. It details the importance of unique host IDs within the same network and the significance of net IDs, as well as the restrictions on using all 0's or all 1's in host IDs due to their special meanings as network and broadcast addresses. Additionally, it highlights that broadcast datagrams cannot be sent to other networks.

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Gourav Jena
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18 views17 pages

4.1 IP Assignment

The document explains how IP addresses are assigned to network interfaces that send and receive datagrams, specifying that only hosts and routers can have IPs, while switches and hubs cannot. It details the importance of unique host IDs within the same network and the significance of net IDs, as well as the restrictions on using all 0's or all 1's in host IDs due to their special meanings as network and broadcast addresses. Additionally, it highlights that broadcast datagrams cannot be sent to other networks.

Uploaded by

Gourav Jena
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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IP Assignment

IP Assignment
➢ How are @IPs assigned?

Lucas Bazilio - Udemy


IP Assignment
➢ An @IP identifies an interface connected to a network that
sends and receives datagrams.
○ Mapped to layer 3 or higher equipment interfaces
○ Host and Router YES

Lucas Bazilio - Udemy


IP Assignment
➢ An @IP identifies an interface connected to a network that
sends and receives datagrams.
○ Mapped to layer 3 or higher equipment interfaces
○ Host and Router YES
○ Switch and Hub NO

Lucas Bazilio - Udemy


IP Assignment
➢ An @IP identifies an interface connected to a network that
sends and receives datagrams.
○ Mapped to layer 3 or higher equipment interfaces
○ Host and Router YES
○ Switch and Hub NO

➢ @IPs with the same netID belong to the same network

➢ The hostID identifies a network interface netID

➢ All @IPs must be different

Lucas Bazilio - Udemy


IP Assignment
➢ Example

Lucas Bazilio - Udemy


IP Assignment
➢ Example

Network 1

Network 2

Lucas Bazilio - Udemy


IP Assignment
➢ Example

Network 1

Network 2

➢ Networks and interfaces that must have an @IP are identified


Lucas Bazilio - Udemy
IP Assignment
➢ Example

Network 1

Network 2

➢ Masks are defined


➢ In principle, each network can have any mask
➢ The selection may depend on the size of the network
(ie the number of interfaces with @IP) Lucas Bazilio - Udemy
IP Assignment
➢ Example

Network 1

Network 2

/24

➢ NetID is assigned to networks /24


➢ Each network must have a different netID

Lucas Bazilio - Udemy


IP Assignment
➢ Example
0-255 → 1-254

Network 1

Network 2

➢ HostIDs are assigned and @IPs are filled


○ In the same network, there cannot be two hosts with the same hostID
○ May be the same between hosts on different networks
○ Combinations of all 0's or all 1's cannot be used
Lucas Bazilio - Udemy
IP Assignment
➢ Why can't all 0's or all 1's be used in hostID?

/16 10.0.0.0

00000000 00000000← hostID in binary

/16 10.0.255.255

11111111 11111111 ← hostID in binary


Lucas Bazilio - Udemy
IP Assignment
➢ Why can't all 0's or all 1's be used in hostID?
➢ They have another meaning

Lucas Bazilio - Udemy


IP Assignment
➢ Why can't all 0's or all 1's be used in hostID?
➢ They have another meaning

➢ hostID with all bits set to 0 identifies the network address

network address of network 1


network address of network 2

➢ hostID with all bits set to 1 identifies the broadcast address

broadcast address of network 1


broadcast address of network 2

Lucas Bazilio - Udemy


IP Assignment
➢ hostID with all bits set to 1 identifies the broadcast address of the network

Network 1

Network 2

Datagram with destination


10.0.1.255

Lucas Bazilio - Udemy


IP Assignment
➢ hostID with all bits set to 1 identifies the broadcast address of the network

Network 1

Network 2

Datagram with destination


10.0.1.255

➢ A single datagram is sent but it is received on all


interfaces of the same source network
➢ Not possible to send a broadcast datagram to other networks

Lucas Bazilio - Udemy


IP Assignment
➢ hostID with all bits set to 1 identifies the broadcast address of the network

Network 1

Network 2

Datagram with No one reads this


destination datagram which is
10.0.2.255 discarded

➢ Not possible to send a broadcast datagram to other networks

Lucas Bazilio - Udemy

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