10th - PHYSICS

CHAPTER – 12. MAGNETIC EFFECT OF ELECTRIC CURRENT

1.
2. d
3. d
4. c
5. c
6. c
7.d
8. d
9. c
10. a
11. d
12. d
13.b
14. d
15. a
16. c

17. d
18. a
19. a
20. a

SECTION- B

21. The magnetic field strength is more in the region where the field lines are crowded. This means the field strength is
maximum near the poles and it reduces as we go away from the poles. The direction of the magnetic field is also
reversed.
22. The forces acting on the conductor carrying current are directly related to the following: Magnetic field strength.
The magnitude of the current flowing through the conductor. The length of the conductor.
( OR )
correct Statement
23. A magnetic field does not exert any force on a charge moving parallel or antiparallel to the field direction. Since
they are travelling in the direction of the magnetic field, there will be no force acting on them. Hence their paths will
remain the same after entering the magnetic field.
24. a) The SI unit of magnetic field is tesla. b) Maximum force : When the velocity of charge and the magnetic field are
perpendicular to each other. Minimum force: When this charge is moving in the direction of the magnetic field.
25. AC can be transmitted over long distances without much loss of energy.
A.C can be easily converted to D.C.
26. Magnetic field lines :These are the imaginary close curves which are used to represent the magnetic field around
the magnet.
The properties of the magnetic field lines are listed below: • Magnetic field lines start at the north pole and end at the
south pole. • Magnetic field lines do not intersect each other, because there cant be two directions of the magnetic
field at any one point. • The degree of closeness of the field lines depends upon the strength of the magnetic field.
Stronger the field, closer are the field lines.

SECTION- C

27. (i) Anannya’s answer is wrong. Electrical appliances with metallic bodies need an earth wire which provides a low
resistance conducting path to the flow of current, in case there is an accidental leakage of current through the
conducting body of the appliances. [1+1] (ii) An electrical fuse is a safety device that operates to provide protection
against the overflow of current in an electrical circuit. An important component of an electrical fuse is a metal wire or
strip that melts when excess current flows through it.
28. The metallic body of electric appliances is connected to the earth by means of earth wire so that any leakage of
electric current is transferred to the ground. The metallic body of electric appliances is connected to the earth by
means of earth wire so that any leakage of electric current is transferred to the ground.
( OR )
The direction of the magnetic field is vertically downwards. The direction of current is from the front wall to the back
wall because negatively charged electrons are moving from back wall to the front wall. The direction of magnetic force
is rightward. Hence, using Fleming's left hand rule, it can be concluded that the direction of magnetic field inside the
chamber is downward.
29. 1. As the given figure shows; the current is flowing clockwise through a circular loop. The direction of the magnetic
field around the conductor can be known by using the right-hand thumb rule. 2. As the figure shows, the magnetic field
would be towards the plane of the paper when it is inside the loop. 3. On the other hand, the magnetic field would be
away from the paper when it is outside the loop.

30.
Using right hand thumb rule we can draw the magnetic field lines around the conductor as shown. From figure, end A
of solenoid act as north pole and end B will act as south pole. Inside the solenoid straight lines.
31. (i)The rod is displaced towards left. (ii) When the direction of current flowing through the rod is displacement of
rod will be towards right. (iii) Current carrying conductor when placed in a magnetic field, experiences a force (1Marks)
(iv)Direction of force on a current carrying conductor is determined by Fleming’ left hand rule.

32. (i) No, alpha particle will not experience any force if it is at rest, because only moving charge particle can
experience force when placed in a magnetic field.
(ii) No, alpha particle will not experience any force if it moves in the magnetic field parallel to field lines because charge
particle experiences force only when it moves at an angle other than 0° with magnetic field.
(iii) Alpha particle will experience a force in the direction perpendicular to the direction of magnetic field and direction
of motion of alpha particle
33. The frequency of A.C. in India is 50 Hz. It changes direction twice in each cycle.
Therefore, it changes direction 2 × 50 = 100 times in one second. Any two points.

SECTION- D
34. A current carrying wire also creates its own magnetic field, so when it is placed in an external magnetic field then
due to the interaction between the external magnetic field and its own magnetic field the wire feels a force. The
direction of the force depends on the direction of the current and the direction of the magnetic field. The direction of
the force on the current carrying conductor is obtained with the help of Fleming's left-hand rule. Fleming's Left Hand
Rule states that whenever a current carrying conductor is placed inside a magnetic field, a force acts on the conductor,
in a direction perpendicular to both the directions of the current and the magnetic field.
( OR )
a) 1. The magnetic field increases if the number of coils increases. 2. Due to this, the strength of the magnetic field
increases with the number of turns in a coil. 3. It happens because the current in each circular turn has the same
direction and the field due to each turn adds up. 4. If there is a circular coil having n turns, the field produced is n
times as large as that produced by a single turn. Thus magnetic field intensity increases as the number of turns
increases.
b) The field lines inside the solenoid are in the form of parallel straight lines. Which indicates that the magnetic field is
the same at all points inside the solenoid. i.e. the field is uniform inside the solenoid. The magnetic field of a current
carrying solenoid is used in making electromagnets.
a) Now, the direction in which the needle deflects depend on the direction of current in the wire. The direction of
deflection can be verified using the right Hand thumb rule.
b) The compass needle consists of a pivoted magnet which is free to rotate. When the compass is placed near a
current-carrying wire, magnetic effect of current causes a deflection from its usual north–south position.
c) The needle will show no deflection and point towards geographical north. A battery is a source of current. But there
is no current flowing inside a battery, only charge separation. Hence, there would be no magnetic field around it, so
the compass will not show any deflection.
(OR)
The deflection in compass needle is maximum when the conductor through A is perpendicular to the plane of paper
and the magnetic field due to straight current conductor lies in the plane of paper.
35. (a) When an unduly high electric current flows through the circuit, the fuse wire melts due to joule heating effect
and breaks the circuit. Hence, it keeps an eye on the amount of current flowing and also stops the current if exceeds
the maximum value. So, fuse acts like a watchman in an electric circuit. (b) (i) A fuse of rating 5A is usually used for
lights and fans. (ii) A fuse of rating 15 A is usually used for appliance of 2 kW or more power.
(OR)
a) circuit diagram
(b) Overloading :ľhe condition in which a high current flows through the circuit and at the same time too many
appliances are switched on then the total current drawn through the circuit may exceed its rated value. Short
circuiting:ľhe condition when the live wire comes in direct contact with the neutral wire, due to which a high current
flows in the circuit.
36. Using Fleming’s left hand rule, the direction of magnetic field is out of the plane of paper.
State the rule. Flemings left hand rule is used to find the direction of force on a current carrying conductor placed in a
magnetic field acting perpendicular to the direction of current.
(OR)
(i) When a current carrying wire is placed in a magnetic field, it experiences a magnetic force that depends on (a)
current flowing in the conductor (b) strength of magnetic field (c) length of the conductor (d) angle between the
element of length and the magnetic field.
(ii) Force experienced by a current carrying conductor placed in a magnetic field is largest when the direction of
current is perpendicular to the direction of magnetic field.
(iii) The rule used in finding the direction of motion of the conductor placed in a magnetic field is Flemings left hand
rule. Fleming’s left hand rule is as follows: Stretch out the thumb, the forefinger, and the second (middle) finger of the
left hand so that these are at right angles to each other. If the forefinger gives the direction of the magnetic field (N to
S), the second (middle) finger the direction of current then the thumb gives the direction of the force acting on the
conductor.
(iv) (a) Direction of force will be reversed when direction of magnetic field is reversed, i.e., now force on conductor
will act from left to right.
(b) Direction of force will be reversed, if the direction of current is reversed, i.e., the force on the conductor will act
from left to right.
SECTION- E
37. a) Danish physicist, HC. Oersted established the relation between electricity and magnetism.
b) The strength of magnetic field is always proportional to the magnitude of current flowing. Hence, when the current
increases, the magnetic field also increases.
c) When a magnetic compass is brought below the current carrying wire the compass needle show deflection in the
north-south direction.
( OR )
c) magnetic force and magnetic field.

38. a) A solenoid is a long coil containing a large number of close turns of insulated copper wire.
b) The magnetic field produced by a current-carrying solenoid is similar to the magnetic field produced by a bar
magnet.
c) Magnetic field lines inside a current-carrying solenoid are in the form of parallel straight lines. This indicates that the
magnetic field inside the solenoid is uniform. Soft iron core must be placed inside a current-carrying solenoid to make
it into an electromagnet.
( OR )
The magnetic field strength of a current-carrying solenoid can be increased by (i) Increasing the number of turns in the
solenoid. (ii) Increasing the current flowing through the solenoid. (iii) Using soft iron as the core in the solenoid.