EARTH

SCIENCE
Quarter 1
Good day!
 REMINDERS!!
ALWAYS wear your face masks.
FREQUENTLY sanitize your hands
and/or use alcohol.
AVOID unnecessary chatting
with seatmates.
KEEP mobile phones/gadgets
temporarily.
 CLASS PRAYER
Father God,
Come be with us today.
Fill our hearts with joy.
Fill our minds with learning.
Fill our lesson with fun.
Fill our classmates with kindness.
Fill our classroom with peace.
Fill our school with love.

Amen.
Who’s IN?

Who’s OUT?
REVIEW

• Q. What are index fossils?

• FQ. How are they being used

in correlation of rock layers?
 LESSON OBJECTIVES

a. Trace the history of the early Earth;

b. Discuss the history of the Earth
through geologic time scale and; and
c. Explain the evolution and diversity
of life on our planet through the
major groups of organisms.
MELC:

Describe the history of the

Earth through geologic time.
S11ES-IIi-j-39
 ACTIVITY 1

Fill It In
Direction:
• Learners fill in the blank with
the correct letters to reveal the
term/s described/defined in
each
 E S
The largest division of the
Geologic Time Scale.
(Hadean, Archean, Proterozoic,
and Phanerozoic)
 E S
Represent major intervals of time
within an eon.
(Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and
Cenozoic)
 P R D
Subdivisions of eras and represent
smaller intervals of time.
(Ex. Paleozoic Era - Cambrian,
Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian,
Carboniferous, and Permian.)
 E P H
Even smaller divisions of time
within periods.
(Ex. Quaternary Period – Holocene,
Pleistocene)
 A S
The smallest divisions of the
Geologic Time Scale.
 ACTIVITY 2
Fact or Bluff
Learners
Direction:read and analyze the statements and identify whether these are fact or bluff.

Fact or Bluff
Direction:
• Learners read and analyze the
statements and identify
whether these are fact or bluff.
 Statement 1:
One important aspect of the
geologic time scale is the
classification of major groups of
organisms that have existed
throughout Earth's history.
 Statement 2:
Prokaryotes are single-celled
organisms that lack a nucleus and
other membrane-bound
organelles.
 Statement 3:
Protists are a diverse group of
prokaryotic microorganisms that
do not fit into any other kingdom.
 Statement 4:
Plants play a crucial role in
ecosystems by providing food,
carbon dioxide, and habitat for
other organisms.
 Statement 5:
Invertebrates had a hard
exoskeleton and are considered
important index fossils for dating
rocks.
 Statement 6:
Vertebrates include fish,
amphibians, reptiles, birds, and
mammals.
 Lesson 13:

Earth’s History
 The Geologic Time Scale is
a system used by scientists
to divide Earth's history into
different time periods based
on major geological and
biological events.
 It provides a framework
for understanding the
sequence of events that
have shaped our planet over
billions of years.
 The Geologic Time Scale is
divided into several
hierarchical divisions,
including:
- Eons
- Eras
- Periods
- Epochs
- Ages
 Each division represents a
significant interval of time
and is characterized by
distinct geological and
biological features.
 Divisions
of the Geologic
Time Scale
Eons
- The largest division of the
Geologic Time Scale is the
eon.
- There are four eons
recognized: the Hadean,
Archean, Proterozoic, and
Phanerozoic.
- The Phanerozoic eon is the
most recent and is further
divided into three eras.
Eras
- Eras represent major
intervals of time within an
eon.
- The three eras of the
Phanerozoic eon are the
Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and
Cenozoic.
- Each era is characterized
by significant geological
and biological events.
Periods
- Periods are subdivisions of
eras and represent smaller
intervals of time.
- For example, the Paleozoic
era is divided into six periods:
the Cambrian, Ordovician,
Silurian, Devonian,
Carboniferous, and Permian.
- Each period is marked by
distinct geological and
biological changes.
Epochs
- Epochs are even smaller
divisions of time within
periods.
- They represent relatively
short intervals of time and
are characterized by
specific geological and
biological events.
- The current epoch is the
Holocene, which began
around 11,700 years ago.
Ages
- Ages are the smallest
divisions of the Geologic
Time Scale.
- They represent the shortest
intervals of time and are
often defined by specific
geological or biological
markers.
- Ages are used to further
refine the timing of events
within epochs and periods.
Major Events and
Life Forms
- Hadean Eon: Formation of
Earth, intense volcanic
activity.
- Archean Eon: First evidence
of life, formation of
continents.
- Proterozoic Eon:
Oxygenation of Earth's
atmosphere, development
of complex life forms.
- Paleozoic Era: Explosion of life
forms in the oceans,
colonization of land by plants
and animals.
- Mesozoic Era: Age of
dinosaurs, emergence of
flowering plants.
- Cenozoic Era: Rise of
mammals, evolution of
humans.
- Cambrian Period: Rapid
diversification of marine
life, emergence of
complex organisms.
- Jurassic Period:
Dominance of dinosaurs,
evolution of birds.
- Holocene Epoch:
Development of human
civilizations, significant
climate changes.
 These examples illustrate
the vast expanse of time
covered by the Geologic Time
Scale and the major events
that have shaped Earth's
history.
 By studying the Geologic
Time Scale, scientists can gain
insights into the evolution of
life, the formation of
continents, and the changing
climate of our planet.
Major Groups of
Organisms
 The Geologic Time Scale is
a system used by scientists to
divide Earth's history into
different time periods based
on major geological and
biological events.
 One important aspect of
the geologic time scale is the
classification of major groups
of organisms that have
existed throughout Earth's
history.
 These groups provide a
framework for understanding
the evolution and diversity of
life on our planet.
1. Prokaryotes
- Prokaryotes are the earliest
known forms of life on Earth.
- They are single-celled
organisms that lack a
nucleus and other
membrane-bound
organelles.
- Prokaryotes include
bacteria and archaea.
- They appeared around 3.5
billion years ago and have
played a crucial role in
shaping Earth's
environment.
- Example: Cyanobacteria
- also known as blue-
green algae, were one
of the first prokaryotes
to perform
photosynthesis,
releasing…
…oxygen into the
atmosphere and
contributing to the
development of an
oxygen-rich
environment.
2. Protist
- Protists are a diverse group
of eukaryotic
microorganisms that do not
fit into any other kingdom.
- They can be single-celled or
multicellular and have a
variety of different
structures and functions.
- Protists appeared around 2
billion years ago and played
a significant role in the
evolution of more complex
organisms.
- Example: Diatoms
- are a type of protist
that have a unique cell
wall made of silica.
- They are important
primary producers in
aquatic…
…ecosystems and are
responsible for a large
portion of the Earth's
oxygen production.
3. Plants
- Plants are multicellular
eukaryotic organisms that
have the ability to
photosynthesize.
- They appeared around 500
million years ago and have
evolved into a wide variety of
forms, from small mosses to
towering trees.
- Plants play a crucial role in
ecosystems by providing
food, oxygen, and habitat
for other organisms.
- Example: Ferns
- are a group of plants
that reproduce via
spores and have
vascular tissues for
transporting water
and nutrients.
- They were dominant
during the
Carboniferous period
and formed extensive
coal deposits.
4. Invertebrates
- Invertebrates are animals
that do not have a
backbone.
- They make up the majority
of animal species on Earth
and have a wide range of
forms and adaptations.
- Invertebrates appeared
around 600 million years
ago and have diversified
into numerous phyla,
including arthropods,
mollusks, and echinoderms.
- Example: Trilobites
- were a group of
extinct marine
arthropods that lived
from the Cambrian to
the Permian period.
- They had a hard
exoskeleton and are
considered important
index fossils for dating
rocks.
5. Vertebrates
- Vertebrates are animals
that have a backbone or
spinal column.
- They include fish,
amphibians, reptiles, birds,
and mammals.
- Vertebrates appeared
around 500 million years
ago and have undergone
significant evolutionary
changes over time.
- Example: Dinosaurs
- were a diverse group
of reptiles that
dominated the
terrestrial ecosystems
during the Mesozoic
era.
- They ranged from
small, bird-like
creatures to massive,
long-necked
herbivores and
fearsome carnivores.
Questions?
ACTIVITY 3

You Complete Me
Direction:
• Learners complete each of the
given statements by filling out
the blanks of the correct terms
required.
 The __________ is a system used
1 by scientists to divide Earth's
history.

Each division of Geologic Time Scale

represents a significant interval of time
2 and is characterized by distinct _____
and _____ features.
 The Geologic Time Scale is
3 divided into several hierarchical
divisions, including eons, _____,
periods, _____, and ages.
Studying the Geologic Time Scale, we
can gain insights into the __________,
4 the formation of continents, and the
changing climate of our planet.
 The current epoch is the
5 Holocene, which began around
__________ years ago.
 Application

Q. To which activity
/scenario in your daily life
can you relate the concepts
discussed?
 Let’s Wrap Up!

Sum up the lesson

through expounding the
diagram given based from
the topic discussed:
 ENRICHMENT

Direction:
• Review for the Q2 Examination
based from the pointers to be
given.

Best of Luck !
THANK YOU!