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Introduction to Infrastructure Security

 Nov 24, 2004

📄 Contents

␡
1. Understanding Device Security
2. Understanding Media Security
3. Security Topologies
4. Implementing and Configuring IDSs
5. Establishing Security Baselines
6. Exam Prep Questions
7. Exam Prep Answers
8. Need to Know More?

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Exam Prep Questions
Objective 3.1: Devices
1. Your company has a large internal network that you want to subnet into smaller parts. Which of
the following devices can you use to separate your LAN and still protect critical resources?
(Select all that apply.)

A. An internal firewall

B. A router between subnets

C. A modem between computers

D. A switch between departments

2. Your company receives Internet access through a network or gateway server. Which of the
following devices is best suited to protect resources and subnet your LAN directly on the network
server?

A. DSL modem

B. A multihomed firewall

C. VLAN

D. A brouter that acts both as a bridge and a router

3. Stateful firewalls might filter connection-oriented packets that are potential intrusions to the LAN.
Which of the following types of packets can a stateful packet filter deny?

A. UDP

B. TCP

C. IP

D. ICMP

4. Your primary concern is LAN security. You want to subnet your internal network with a device
that provides security and stability. Which of the following devices do you choose to meet these
needs?

A. Static router

B. Dynamic router

C. Static switch

D. Dynamic switch

5. You manage a company network and the network budget. You want to minimize costs but also
prevent crackers from sniffing your LAN. Which of the following devices would you recommend
to meet your goals?

A. Hub
 B. Switch

C. Router

D. Firewall

6. Which of the following are true statements about modems? (Select all that apply.)

A. Modems use telephone lines.

B. Modem stands for modulator and demodulator.

C. Modems are no longer used on secure networks.

D. A modem's fastest transfer rate is 56Kbps.

7. You want to have a private communication between two sites that also allows for encryption and
authorization. Which of the following is the best choice in this instance?

A. Modem

B. Firewall

C. VPN

D. Bastion host

8. VPNs transfer encrypted data through tunneling technology. Which of the following performs fast
data encryption and may be used with VPNs?

A. Stream cipher

B. RSA

C. DES

D. IPSec

9. What does the acronym IDS stand for?

A. Intrusion detection system

 B. Internet detection standard

C. Internet detection system

D. Intrusion detection standard

Objective 3.2: Media

1. Which of the following are types of network cabling? (Select all that apply.)

A. Twisted pair

B. Token ring

C. Fiber optic

D. Coaxial

2. Which of the following is the greatest advantage of coax cabling?

A. High security

B. Physical dimensions

C. Long distances

D. Easily tapped

3. What is the media standard for most local network installations?

A. Fiber

B. CAT 3

C. CAT 5

D. Thinnet

4. Which of the following network cabling would you choose to install around a noisy room where
machines are constantly running?

A. Fiber
 B. STP

C. Coax

D. UTP

5. Which of the following are examples of magnetic storage media? (Select all that apply.)

A. Zip disk

B. CD-ROM

C. Floppy disk

D. DVD

Objective 3.3: Security Topologies

1. Which of the following are known as the registered ports, according to the IANA?

A. Ports 1 to 255

B. Ports 255 to 1023

C. Ports 1024 to 49151

D. Ports 1025 to 65535

2. Which of the following terms could be considered security zones? (Select all that apply.)

A. Intranet

B. Internet

C. DMZ

D. Extranet

3. You have decided to create a DMZ to allow public access to your business assets. Which of the
following could you place within the DMZ? (Select all that apply.)

A. Web server
 B. Proxy server

C. Email server

D. FTP server

4. You are in charge of a large network and have been using many devices. You finally want to
subnet your network and allow users from the sales department in one office to communicate
with sales representatives in another city. Which device should you use to improve connectivity?

A. Router

B. VLAN

C. Brouter

D. Bridge

5. Which of the following applies to the networking concept of tunneling? (Select all that apply.)

A. Private network data is encapsulated or encrypted.

B. Public network data is encapsulated or encrypted.

C. Private data is transmitted over a public network.

D. Private network data is lost in a black hole.

Objective 3.4: Intrusion Detection

1. An IDS may be configured to report attack occurrences. You just received a notification that an
attack occurred, but after checking, you find that it really wasn't an attack at all. What is the term
for this type of alarm?

A. True positive

B. False positive

C. True negative

D. False negative

2. Which of the following IDSs functions in current or real time to monitor network traffic?
 A. Network-based

B. Host-based

C. Gateway-based

D. Router-based

3. What tool would you use to monitor for intrusions by reviewing computer system and event logs
on a client computer?

A. Honeypot

B. Client IDS

C. Network-based IDS

D. Host-based IDS

4. Which type of network device is characterized by the following description: used to fool crackers,
allowing them to continue an attack on a sacrificial computer that contains fictitious information?

A. Fake firewall

B. Rogue router

C. IDS

D. Honeypot

5. Your network administrator has installed a network-based IDS and a honeypot on the network.
What is the written plan called that indicates who will monitor these tools and how users should
react once a malicious attack has occurred?

A. Active response

B. Incident response

C. Monitoring and response

D. Security alert and response

Objective 3.5: Security Baselines
1. Which of the following items relates to the fundamental principle of implementing security
measures on computer equipment to ensure that minimum standards are being met?

A. Security baselines

B. Security policies

C. Security standards

D. Security countermeasures

2. You have just installed an NOS and want to establish a security baseline. Which of the following
tasks should you perform to harden your new NOS? (Select all that apply.)

A. Check the installation CD for a valid expiration date.

B. Check the manufacturer's Web site for any additional service patches for the NOS.

C. Lock the back of the computer with a padlock.

D. Disable any unused services.

3. Even in a large, mixed environment, TCP/IP is the protocol of choice for most networks. Which of
the following protocols would you want to deny passage over your firewall?

A. TCP

B. IP

C. IPX/SPX

D. NetBEUI

4. Which of the following relates best to application hardening?

A. Buying the most recent application version available

B. Buying the most recent software package available

C. Configuring network applications with the most recent updates and service packs
 D. Testing the most recent hotfixes, service packs, and patches after purchasing

5. Which of the following are used as large data repositories? (Select all that apply.)

A. SAN

B. WAN

C. NAS

D. DEN

6. Which of the following databases have this default security vulnerability: The sa account is
established with a blank password?

A. LDAP

B. Microsoft SQL Server

C. Proxy

D. Exchange

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Exam Prep Answers

Objective 3.1: Devices
1. Answers A, B, and D are correct. Firewalls, routers, and switches will help you protect critical
resources and separate your LAN.
2. Answer B is correct. A firewall is best suited to protect resources and subnet your LAN directly
on the network or gateway server.
3. Answer B is correct. Stateful firewalls may filter connection-oriented packets such as TCP.
4. Answer A is correct. The static router offers a stable table that you, as the network administrator,
generate.
5. Answer B is correct. A switch will meet your goals for this situation.
6. Answers A and B are correct. The term modem stands for modulator and demodulator. Modems
use telephone lines. DSL and cable modems are faster than 56Kbps.
7. Answer C is correct. A VPN provides for a private communication between two sites that also
permits encryption and authorization.
8. Answer C is correct. Data Encryption Standard (DES) performs fast data encryption and may be
used with VPNs.
9. Answer A is correct. IDS stands for intrusion detection system.

Objective 3.2: Media

1. Answers A, C, and D are correct. Twisted pair, fiber optic, and coaxial are types of network
cabling. Token ring is a type of physical topology.
2. Answer C is correct. Of the choices listed for coax cabling, long distance is the best answer.
3. Answer C is correct. CAT 5 twisted-pair cabling is the media standard for most local network
installations.
4. Answer A is correct. Fiber is the best choice in this situation.
5. Answers A and C are correct. Zip disks and floppy disks are magnetic storage media.

Objective 3.3: Security Topologies

1. Answer C is correct. There are three accepted ranges for port numbers: the well-known ports;
the registered ports, which are registered by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA);
and the dynamic (private) ports.
2. Answers A, B, C, and D are correct. All of the items listed are examples of security zones.
3. Answers A, C, and D are correct. You should place your Web servers, FTP servers, and email
servers within the DMZ. Web servers, FTP servers, and email servers are typically hosted within
the DMZ.
4. Answer B is correct. A VLAN will improve connectivity in this situation.
 5. Answers A and C are correct. With tunneling, private network data, which is encapsulated or
encrypted, is transmitted over a public network.

Objective 3.4: Intrusion Detection

1. Answer B is correct. This is an example of a false-positive result.
2. Answer A is correct. The network-based IDS monitors network traffic in real time.
3. Answer D is correct. A host-based IDS can review computer system and event logs to detect a
successful attack on a client computer.
4. Answer D is correct. A honeypot is a computer configured as a sacrificial lamb so that
administrators are aware when malicious attacks are in progress.
5. Answer B is correct. An incident response is a written plan that indicates who will monitor these
tools and how users should react after a malicious attack occurs.

Objective 3.5: Security Baselines

1. Answer A is correct. Security baselines relate to the fundamental principal of implementing
security measures on computer equipment to ensure that minimum standards are being met.
2. Answers B and D are correct. To harden your NOS, check the manufacturer's Web site for any
additional service patches for the NOS and disable any unused services.
3. Answer D is correct. NetBEUI should be denied passage over your firewall for security reasons.
4. Answer C is correct. Of the items listed, configuring network applications with the most recent
updates and service packs relates best to application hardening.
5. Answers A, C, and D are correct. Large data repositories may include storage area network
(SAN), network attached storage (NAS), and directory enabled networks (DEN).
6. Answer B is correct. SQL has this default security vulnerability because the sa account is
established with a blank password.