IB DP Maths 3 hours 26 questions

2.3 Functions Toolkit

Medium (8 questions) /51 Scan here to return to the course

Very Hard (9 questions) /65

Total Marks /173

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Medium Questions
x+8
1 (a) The functions f and g are defined such that f (x ) = 4x − 10 and g (x ) = .
2

Show that (g ∘ f ) (x ) = 2x − 1

(2 marks)

(b) Given that (g ∘ f ) ( a ) = 27, find the value of a.

(2 marks)

(c) Show that ( f ∘ g ) ( x ) = 2x + 6 .

(2 marks)

(d) Given that ( f ∘ g ) (b ) = 44, find the value of b.

(2 marks)

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2 (a) The functions f(x) and g(x) are defined as follows

f (x ) = x 2 x ∈ℝ

g(x ) = 4x − 3 x ∈ℝ

Write down the range of f(x) .

(1 mark)

(b) Find

(i) ( f ∘ g ) (x )

(ii) (g ∘ f ) (x )

(4 marks)

(c) Solve the equation f(x) = g(x).

(2 marks)

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3 (a) The graph of y = f(x) is shown below.

(i) Use the graph to write down the domain and range of f(x).
(ii) Given that the point (1, 1) lies on the dotted line, write down the equation of the
line.

(3 marks)

(b) On the diagram above sketch the graph of y = f −1(x).

(2 marks)

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4 (a) The functions f(x) and g(x) are defined as follows

1
f (x ) = (4x − 3) x ∈ℝ
2

g (x ) = 0 . 5x + 0 . 75 x ∈ℝ

Find

(i) f g (x )
(ii) g f (x )

(3 marks)

(b) Write down f−1(x) and state its domain and range.

(3 marks)

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5 (a) A function is defined by f (x ) = 54x − 13, − 2 < x < 20.

Find the value of f ( 2 ) .

(1 mark)

(b) Write down the range of f (x ) .

(2 marks)

(c) Find the value of f −1 (122) .

(2 marks)

(d) Write down the range of the inverse function.

(1 mark)

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6 (a) Consider the function f (x ) = − 6x − 3 . The domain of f (x ) is −5 ≤ x ≤ 3 .

Find

(i) f (2)

(ii) x when f (x ) = 15.

(2 marks)

(b) Find the range of f (x ) .

(3 marks)

(c) Write down the domain of the inverse function.

(1 mark)

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7 (a) The functions f and g are defined for x ∈ℝ by f (x ) = 3x 2 + 10x + 7 and g (x ) = x + d ,
where d ∈ℝ .

Find the range of f.

(2 marks)

(b) Given that (g ∘ f ) (x ) is always positive for all x, determine the set of possible values for
d.

(4 marks)

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8 (a) Consider the function g (x ) = 4−x .

Sketch the graph of the function g (x ) , labelling the x and y intercepts.

(3 marks)

(b) Find

(i) g (−5)

(ii) 1
x when g (x ) = .
2

(2 marks)

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(c) Find

(i) the maximum possible domain of the function g (x )

(ii) the range of the function g (x ) that corresponds to the domain found in part (c) (i).

(2 marks)

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Hard Questions
5x + 12
1 (a) The functions f and g are defined such that f (x ) = 2x 2 − 4x and g (x ) = .
2

Find (g ∘ f ) (x ) , giving your answer in the form (g ∘ f ) (x ) = m (x − h ) 2 + k where m,

(3 marks)

(b) Hence, or otherwise, find the coordinates of the vertex of the graph of y = (g ∘ f ) (x ) .

(1 mark)

(c) Find ( f ∘ g ) (x ) , giving your answer in the form ( f ∘ g ) (x ) = ax 2 + bx + c where a , b

(3 marks)

(d) Hence, or otherwise, find the coordinates of the y-intercept of the graph of
y = ( f ∘ g ) (x ) .

(1 mark)

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 5 − x2 3
2 (a) Let f (x ) = and g (x ) = 4 − , where each function has the largest possible
3 x
valid domain.

Write down the range of f.

(1 mark)

(b) Write down the domain and range of g.

(2 marks)

(c) Find

(i) ( f ∘ g ) (x )

(ii) (g ∘ f ) (x ) .

(3 marks)

(d) Solve the equation ( f ∘ g ) (x ) = (g ∘ f ) (x ) .

(2 marks)

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3 (a) The function f is defined by f (x ) = 3 4(1 − x ) , for − 1 ≤ x ≤ 17.

Write down the range of f.

(2 marks)

(b) Write down an expression for f −1 .

(2 marks)

(c) Write down the domain and range of f −1 .

(2 marks)

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4 (a) The perimeter, P, and area, A, of a given square can be expressed by P = 4x and A = x 2
respectively, where x is the length of the side of the square.

Write down an expression for:

(i) P in terms of A, P(A)

(ii) A in terms of P, A(P).

(4 marks)

(b) P−1 ( 40) = A (k ) .

Find the value of k and A (k ) .

(2 marks)

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5 (a) The values of two functions, f and g, for certain values of x are given in the following
table:

x -2 0 3

f(x) -12 -4 8

g(x) 0 -12 30

Find the value of f -18.

(1 mark)

(b) Find the value of ( f ∘ g ) ( − 2) .

(2 marks)

(c) Given that f (x) is a linear function, find f (x).

(2 marks)

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6 (a) Let f (x ) = x − 14 , for x ≥ 14 .

Find f -1(2).

(3 marks)

(b) Let g be a function such that g-1 exists for all real numbers.

Given that g(14) = 3, find ( f ∘ g −1) (3) .

(3 marks)

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7 (a) Let the function f be defined by f (x ) = 2x 2 − 16x + 41 , where f has its largest
possible valid domain.

Find the domain and range of f.

(4 marks)

(b) (i) Find the value(s) of x for which f (x ) = 11 .

(ii) Use your answer to part (b)(i) to explain why the inverse function f −1 does not
exist.

(2 marks)

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8 (a) Let f (x ) = x 2 − 9 and g (x ) = x 2 − 1, both for x ≥ 0 .

Find

(i) f −1 (x )

(ii) g −1 (x ) .

(2 marks)

(b) Find ( f ∘ g ) (x ) in the form ax 4 + bx 2 + c .

(2 marks)

(c) Solve the equation ( f ∘ g ) (x ) = 0 .

(3 marks)

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9 (a) Express x 2 + 12x + 24 in the form a (x + b ) 2 + c , where a ,b , c ∈ℤ.

(2 marks)

(b) Given that g (x ) = x + 6 and ( f ∘ g ) (x ) = x 2 + 12x + 24, find f (x ) .

(3 marks)

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Very Hard Questions
1 (a) The functions f and g are defined such that f (x ) = 9x − 3x 2 − 3 and
66 + 2x
g (x ) = − , both for x ∈ℝ .
3

Find (g ∘ f ) x , giving your answer in the form (g ∘ f ) x = a (x − p ) (x − q ) .

(3 marks)

(b) Hence, or otherwise, find the x-intercepts of the graph of y = (g ∘ f ) (x ) .

(1 mark)

(c) Let h (x ) = 1 − 2x .

Find the distance between the y-intercept of the graph of y = ( f ∘ h ) (x ) and the
positive x-intercept of the graph of y = (g ∘ f ) (x ) . Your answer should be given as an
exact value.

(6 marks)

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2 (a) Let the function f be such that f (x ) = 5x 2 − 11x + 6 . 05 .

Given that the inverse function f -1 exists, and that the domain of f is as large as possible,

suggest a domain for f and write down the corresponding range.

(4 marks)

(b) Based on your answer to part (a), find ( f −1 22. 05 ) .

(2 marks)

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3 (a) Let f (x ) = −3x 2 + 8x + 16 .

Write down the coordinates of the y-intercept of the graph of y = f (x ) .

(2 marks)

(b) Given that f has the largest possible valid domain,

find the domain and range of f .

(6 marks)

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 1
−
4 (a) Let the function f be defined by f (x ) = (2x 2 − 5x − 12) 2 − k , where k is a constant
and where f has the largest possible valid domain.

Find the domain of f.

(2 marks)

(b) Given that that lim f (x ) = − 7 , find the value of k.

(1 mark)

(c) Write down the equations of any vertical and/or horizontal asymptotes on the graph of
y = f (x ) .

(3 marks)

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5 (a) The following diagram shows the graph of y = f (x ) , for a function f that has the domain
− 3 ≤ x ≤ 3 . Point A has coordinates (-3, 2.5) and point B has coordinates (3,-2.5). The x-
intercept of the function is (2, 0) as shown.

f can be written as a piecewise function, where each of the two pieces is a linear function
and where the domain of the first function is −3 ≤ x ≤ 2 .

Write down f (x ) as a piecewise function.

(4 marks)

(b) Sketch the graph of y = f −1 (x ) on the same grid above.

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 (3 marks)

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6 (a) Consider the function h defined by h (x ) = − 4x 2 + 24x + 8, x ∈ℝ.

Rewrite hx in the form a (x + b ) 2 + c , where a ,b , c ∈ ℤ.

(2 marks)

(b) Given that f (x ) = (x − 3) 2 and that (g ∘ f ) (x ) = h (x ) , find g (x ) .

(3 marks)

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 3 − 2x
7 (a) The functions f and g are defined such that f (x ) = and g (x ) = 4x − 7 , both for
5
x ∈ℝ .

Giving your answers in the form y = mx + c , find

(i) (g ∘ f ) (x )

(ii) ( f ∘ g ) (x ) .

(4 marks)

(b) Describe a single transformation that would map the graph of y = (g ∘ f ) (x ) onto the
graph of y = ( f ∘ g ) (x ) .

(2 marks)

(c) Given that (g ∘ f ) −1 (p ) = 2 , find the value of p.

(3 marks)

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 9
8 (a) Let the functions f and g be defined by f (x ) = x 2 − 1 and g (x ) = x 2 − 2 , both for
4
x ≥ 0.

Find

(i) f -1(x)

(ii) g -1(x).

(2 marks)

(b) Find ( f ∘ g ) (x ) in the form ax 4 + bx 2 + c .

(2 marks)

(c) Solve the equation ( f ∘ g ) (x ) = 0 .

(3 marks)

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9 (a) A rectangle has length l = 4x and width w = x .

Find an expression for

(i) the perimeter of the rectangle, P, in terms of x .

(ii) the area of the rectangle, A, in terms of x .

(2 marks)

(b) Show that P (A) = 5 A .

(2 marks)

(c) The graph of the function P, for 0 ≤ A ≤ 4 , is shown below.

On the grid above, draw the graph of the inverse function P −1 .

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 (3 marks)

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