Unit [10]: Functions and Graphs
Grade 8 – Block 3
1] Graph each of the following lines
a) 𝑦 = 𝑥 b) 𝑦 = 2𝑥
𝑥 𝑥
𝑦 𝑦
c) 𝑦 = 4𝑥 d) 𝑦 = 0.5𝑥
𝑥 𝑥
𝑦 𝑦
Page 1 of 23
e) 𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 1 f) 𝑦 = 2𝑥 – 2
𝑥 𝑥
𝑦 𝑦
g) 𝑦 = 3𝑥 – 4 h) 𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 2
𝑥 𝑥
𝑦 𝑦
Page 2 of 23
i) 𝑦 = 3 – 3𝑥 j) 𝑦 = – 2𝑥 – 3
𝑥 𝑥
𝑦 𝑦
k) 𝑦 = ½ 𝑥 – 3 l) 𝑦 = 2 – 5𝑥
𝑥 𝑥
𝑦 𝑦
Page 3 of 23
2] Work out the gradient of the line passing through these pairs of points
a) (2, 1) and (5, 10) b) (5, 4) and (7, 0).
m = ................................................ m = ................................................
c) (-3, 4) and (5, 8) d) (3, 7) and (1, 10).
m = ................................................ m = ................................................
e) (1, -1) and (-3, -9) f) (8, 1) and (3, -3)
m = ................................................ m = ................................................
3.1] The line AB passes through the points 𝐴(2, −1) and (6, 𝑘).
3] Answer the following questions:
The gradient of AB is 5. Work out the value of 𝑘.
K = ................................................
Page 4 of 23
3.2] The line AB passes through the points 𝐴(−3, 4) and (𝑘, 12).
The gradient of AB is 4. Work out the value of k.
K = ................................................
3.3] The line AB passes through the points 𝐴(−2, 𝑘) and (4, 8).
The gradient of AB is −2. Work out the value of k
K = ................................................
3.4] A straight line joins the points with coordinates (1, 1) and (4, 7)
a) Determine the gradient of the line
Gradient = ................................................
b) Determine the equation of the line
Equation = ................................................
3.5] Determine the equation of the line that passes through the points (0, 0) and (3, 21)
Equation = ................................................
Page 5 of 23
3.6]
E = ................................................ E = ................................................
(c) (0, 100) and (50, 0) (d) (-1, 9) and (3, -3)
E = ................................................ E = ................................................
(e) (-6, -4) and (10, 28) (f) (-6, -2) and (-2, -9)
E = ................................................ E = ................................................
(g) (1, −2) and (−3, −14) (h) (1, 2) and (−3, 14)
E = ................................................ E = ................................................
Page 6 of 23
4] Find the inverse of each relation.
a) { (4, –10) , (7, –19) , (–5, 17) , (–3, 11) }
{ __________________________________________ }
b) { (–6, 8) , (–15, 11) , (9, 3) , (0, 6) }
{ __________________________________________ }
2] Graph the inverse of each relation on the same coordinate plane
Page 7 of 23
6] Find the inverse of each of the function below.
1) 𝑓(𝑥) = 4𝑥 − 8 2) 2) 𝑓(𝑥) = − ½ 𝑥 + 11
F = ................................................ F = ................................................
3) 𝑓(𝑥) = 4𝑥 − 12 4) 𝑓(𝑥) = 3 𝑥 + 7
1
F = ................................................ F = ................................................
5) 𝑓(𝑥) = −2𝑥 + 7 6) 𝑓(𝑥) = 3 𝑥 + 6
2
F = ................................................ F = ................................................
Page 8 of 23
7] Circle the equation of the line parallel to 𝑦 = 3𝑥 − 5
𝑦 = 2𝑥 – 5 𝑦 = −3𝑥 + 4 𝑦 = 3𝑥 + 1
8] Write down an equation of a line parallel to y = 2x − 3
_______________________________
9] Write down the equation of the line that is parallel to 𝑦 = 6𝑥 + 1 and passes through
(0, 8).
_______________________________
10] Circle the equation of the line perpendicular to 𝑦 = 4 𝑥 − 5
1
𝑦 =4𝑥 + 2 𝑦 = −4𝑥 + 1 𝑦 = 4𝑥 + 3 𝑦 = −4𝑥
1 1
11] Answer the following questions about lines:
11.1] The lines A and B are parallel.
The line A passes through the point (0, 8)
The line B has equation 𝑦 = 3𝑥 + 1
Write down the equation of line A
Equation of Line A = _______________________
Page 9 of 23
11.2] Write down an equation of a line perpendicular to y = 2x + 3
Equation = _______________________
11.3] Write down the equation of the line that is perpendicular to 𝑦 = 2 𝑥 – 5 and passes
1
through (0, −1)
Equation = _______________________
11.4] Write down the equation of the line that is perpendicular to 3𝑥 − 𝑦 = 1
and passes through (0, 9)
Equation = _______________________
11.5] The point A is (5, −2) and the point B is (11, 1).
Find the equation of the line perpendicular to AB passing through the origin.
Equation = _______________________
Page 10 of 23
11.6] The equations of five lines are given below
Line A y = 2x + 3
Line B y=½x–3
Line C y=6–x
Line D y – 2x = 7
Line E y + 2x = 3
(a) Which line goes through the point (1, 9)?
______________________
(b) Which two lines cross the y-axis at the same point?
______________________ and ______________________
(c) Which two lines are parallel?
______________________ and ______________________
(d) Which two lines are perpendicular?
______________________ and ______________________
Page 11 of 23
11.7] The lines A and B are perpendicular.
Both lines pass through the point (0, 5)
3
The gradient of line A is − 4
Write down the equation of line B
Equation of Line B = _____________________
11.8] A straight line, L, is perpendicular to the line with equation 5𝑥 − 2𝑦 + 4 = 0
L passes through the point (5, −3). Find an equation for the straight-line L.
Equation of Line L = _____________________
11.9] On the grid below, the lines A and B are drawn.
Q1] Are the lines A and B perpendicular?
YES NO
Q2] Explain Your Answer
_________________________________
_________________________________
_________________________________
_________________________________
Page 12 of 23
12] Answer these questions according to the directly proportional graphs
12.1] Identify the constant of proportionality (𝑘) for each graph and write the proportional
relationship (𝑦 = 𝑘𝑥).
Page 13 of 23
12.2] Identify the equation of proportionality. Write your answer as 𝑦 = 𝑘𝑥
Page 14 of 23
12.3] The graph below shows the exchange rate between U.S. dollars (USD) and Thailand
baht (THB).
a) What is the exchange rate when you convert U.S. dollars to Thailand baht?
______________________________
b) Sam wants to exchange 120 Thailand baht for U.S. dollars. Find the amount of U.S.
dollars he will receive.
______________________________
c) Dave wishes to exchange 7 U.S. dollars for Thailand baht. Find the amount of Thailand
baht he will receive.
______________________________
Page 15 of 23
13] Answer these questions about simultaneous equations Algebrically
13.1] Solve the following pairs of simultaneous equations by elimination:
x = ............................................. y = .............................................
________________________________________________________________________
x = ............................................. y = .............................................
________________________________________________________________________
3. -4x – 2y = -12
4x + 8y = - 24
x = ............................................. y = .............................................
________________________________________________________________________
Page 16 of 23
4. 4x + 8y = 20
- 4x + 2y = - 30
x = ............................................. y = .............................................
________________________________________________________________________
5. x – y = 11
2x + y = 19
x = ............................................. y = .............................................
________________________________________________________________________
6. - 6x + 5y = 1
6x + 4y = - 10
x = ............................................. y = .............................................
________________________________________________________________________
Page 17 of 23
7.
x = ............................................. y = .............................................
________________________________________________________________________
8.
x = ............................................. y = .............................................
________________________________________________________________________
9. -6x + 6y = 6
-6x + 3y = -12
x = ............................................. y = .............................................
________________________________________________________________________
Page 18 of 23
10. 7x + 2y = 24
8x + 2y = 30
x = ............................................. y = .............................................
________________________________________________________________________
11. 5x + y = 9
10x – 7y = -18
x = ............................................. y = .............................................
________________________________________________________________________
12. -4x + 9y = 9
x – 3y = -6
x = ............................................. y = .............................................
________________________________________________________________________
Page 19 of 23
14] Answer these questions about simultaneous equations Graphically
14.1] Solve each system by graphing
𝑥 𝑥
𝑦 𝑦
𝑥 𝑥
𝑦 𝑦
Page 20 of 23
𝑥 𝑥
𝑦 𝑦
7) 4𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 8 8) 𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 3
5𝑥 − 3𝑦 = 4 −𝑥 + 𝑦 = −2
𝑥 𝑥
𝑦 𝑦
Page 21 of 23
Test Your Self
15] Answer the questions
15.1] Here are six different equations, labelled A to F.
A] Which graph goes through the point (0, 0)?
_______________________________
B] Which graph is parallel to the y-axis?
_______________________________
C] Which graph is not a straight line?
_______________________________
D] Which two graphs pass through the point (3, 7)?
_______________________________
Page 22 of 23
15.2] The graph shows a straight line with gradient 1.
On the graph, draw a different straight line with gradient 1.
15.3] Each year a school has a concert of readings and songs.
In 1999 the concert had 3 readings and 9 songs. It lasted 120 minutes.
In 2000 the concert had 5 readings and 5 songs. It lasted 90 minutes.
In 2001 the school plans to have 5 readings and 7 songs.
A] Use simultaneous equations to estimate how long the concert will last.
The concert will last ___________________________ minutes
Page 23 of 23
