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Computer Parts Components and Their Functions

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Computer Parts Components and Their Functions

Uploaded by

yobae8107
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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JDVP-2024 BARTOLOME

ORAL

Parts of Computer Names and Their Functions

Central Processing Unit (CPU)


-Often referred to as the “brain” of the computer,
the CPU processes instructions and carries out tasks. It’s
responsible for executing programs and ensuring your
computer runs efficiently.

Motherboard
-The motherboard is like the backbone of a
computer. It houses the CPU, RAM, and other essential
components, providing connections so they can
communicate with each other.

Random Access Memory (RAM)


-RAM is the computer’s short-term memory. It
temporarily stores data that the CPU might need quickly.
The more RAM a computer has, the faster and more
efficiently it can perform tasks.

Hard Drive
-The hard drive is the computer’s long-term storage.
It retains all your files, documents, and software, even
when the computer is turned off.

Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)


-Also known as a video card, the GPU renders
images and videos. It’s essential for tasks that require
high-resolution visuals, like gaming or video editing.
Power Supply Unit (PSU)
-The PSU converts electricity from your wall outlet
into a form that the computer’s components can use. It
ensures that each part gets the right amount of power.

Optical Drive
-Though becoming less common in modern
computers, optical drives read and write data on CDs,
DVDs, and Blu-ray discs.

Sound Card
-This component processes audio information,
allowing you to hear sounds on your computer, whether
it’s music, a video’s audio, or the ding of a notification.

Network Interface Card (NIC)


-The NIC, often integrated into the motherboard,
allows computers to connect to networks, including
local area networks (LAN) or the internet.

Cooling System
-Computers generate heat, especially when
performing intensive tasks. The cooling system, which
includes fans and sometimes even liquid cooling,
ensures the computer doesn’t overheat.

Expansion Slots
-These are slots on the motherboard where
additional cards, like a GPU or sound card, can be added
to enhance the computer’s capabilities.
Ports and Connectors
-These are the various inputs and outputs on a
computer. They include USB ports, HDMI outputs, and
audio jacks, allowing you to connect external devices
like flash drives, monitors, or headphones.

Keyboard and Mouse


-While technically peripherals, the keyboard and
mouse are essential for interacting with a computer. The
keyboard allows for data input through typing, while the
mouse navigates the computer’s interface.

Monitor
-The monitor displays the computer’s visual output,
allowing you to see everything from your desktop
background to the intricate details of a video game.

Case or Tower
-This is the outer shell that houses all the internal
components of a computer. It not only provides
protection but also ensures proper ventilation.

BIOS (Basic Input/Output System)


-This is the software embedded on the
motherboard. It initializes and tests system hardware
components and loads the operating system when you
start the computer.
CMOS Battery
-A small battery on the motherboard that powers
the BIOS memory, ensuring settings like the system
clock’s time and date are retained even when the
computer is turned off.

SSD (Solid State Drive)


-A newer form of storage, SSDs are faster than
traditional hard drives because they don’t have moving
parts. They use flash memory to store data.

PCIe (Peripheral Component Interconnect Express)


-A type of connection standard used for connecting
high-speed components like graphics cards and SSDs to
the motherboard.

Heatsink
-A component that works alongside the cooling
system. It’s a metal structure with fins that dissipates
heat away from the CPU or GPU.

RAID Controller
-This device manages hard drives grouped into
RAID arrays, distributing data across multiple drives for
redundancy or performance.

Modem
-A device that modulates and demodulates digital
signals, allowing computers to communicate over
telephone lines.
Wi-Fi Card
-An internal component that allows computers to
connect wirelessly to networks.
USB Hub
-A device that expands a single USB port into
several, allowing multiple devices to be connected
simultaneously.

Thermal Paste
-A compound applied between the CPU and the
heatsink to improve heatconduction.

VRM (Voltage Regulator Module)


-Located on the motherboard, the VRM ensures the
CPU or GPU receives the correct voltage.

Chipset
-A set of electronic components on the
motherboard that manage data flow between the CPU,
RAM, and other devices.

SATA (Serial Advanced Technology Attachment)


-An interface used to connect hard drives, SSDs,
and optical drives to the motherboard.
External Drive Bays
Slots on the computer case where additional storage
devices or optical drives can be added.

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