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🚀 Introduction to AWS & Cloud Basics
🛠️ Core AWS Services
3

🌐 Global Infrastructure & Scaling

4

🖥️ Compute Services
5

📦 Storage Services
6

🔄 Data Management & Migration

7

🗄️ Database Services
9

📡 Networking Services
9

📡 Networking & Content Delivery

10

🔒 Security, IAM & Compliance Services

11

🔍 Monitoring & Observability

11

🔄 Migration Services
14

📈 Cost Management & Monitoring

14

🛠️ Developer & DevOps Services

15

🔧 Application Services
16

📦 Containers & Serverless Services

17

📡 Application Integration Services

18

⚙️ Automation & Orchestration

19

📉 Analytics (Data & Business) Services

19

🧠 AI & Machine Learning Services

20

🏙️ Edge Computing Services

22

🧩 Edge Services
23

💼 Business Applications
24

☁️ Hybrid Cloud Solutions

24

🌱 Sustainability & Green Cloud Solutions

25

🔧 Management & Governance

26

📞 Customer Engagement Services

27

🎓 Training & Certification

27
28
AWS Interview Questions 28
AWS Certification Practice Questions 39

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🚀 Introduction to AWS & Cloud Basics
1. What is AWS?

AWS (Amazon Web Services) is a cloud computing platform offering over 200 services.

It helps you store data, run applications, and manage IT resources without buying

physical hardware.

2. What is Cloud Computing?

Cloud computing means accessing servers, storage, databases, and more via the

internet. Example: Instead of buying a physical server, you can use AWS to host your

website.

3. Why Use AWS?

AWS is cost-effective, scalable, secure, and offers global availability. You only pay for

what you use, like paying for electricity.

4. AWS Global Infrastructure

AWS has Regions (geographical locations) and Availability Zones (AZs) (data centers

within regions). Example: Deploy a website in the US-East-1 region for US users.

5. Types of Cloud Models

o IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service): Rent servers. Example: Amazon EC2.

o PaaS (Platform as a Service): Deploy apps easily. Example: AWS Elastic

Beanstalk.

o SaaS (Software as a Service): Ready-to-use software. Example: AWS WorkDocs.

1. What is a Region?

A Region is a geographical area where AWS has data centers. Example: us-west-2

(Oregon).

2. What is an Availability Zone (AZ)?

An AZ is an isolated data center within a Region. AWS Regions usually have at least 2-3

AZs to ensure high availability.

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3. Edge Locations

Edge locations are endpoints for caching data closer to users. Example: Amazon

CloudFront uses edge locations for faster content delivery.

4. What is a Virtual Private Cloud (VPC)?

A VPC is a private network within AWS where you can launch resources like EC2

instances securely.

5. Elasticity vs. Scalability

a. Elasticity: Ability to automatically scale resources up or down based on demand.

b. Scalability: Ability to handle growth by adding more resources when needed.

6. Shared Responsibility Model

AWS manages security "of" the cloud (hardware, network, infrastructure), while you

manage security "in" the cloud (data, applications, and configurations).

7. AWS Free Tier

AWS offers a Free Tier with limited usage of services like EC2, S3, and Lambda for 12

months to help you learn.

8. What is an S3 Bucket?

Amazon S3 stores data in containers called buckets. Example: Upload files like images

or videos to an S3 bucket.

9. IAM (Identity and Access Management)

IAM allows you to control user access and permissions for AWS resources. Example:

Create an IAM user with permissions to access only S3 buckets.

10. What is an Instance?

An instance is a virtual server on AWS. Example: Amazon EC2 instances can run

operating systems like Linux or Windows.

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 🛠️ Core AWS Services
1. Amazon EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud)

Virtual servers to run your apps. You can choose the OS (Linux, Windows) and scale as

needed.

2. Amazon S3 (Simple Storage Service)

Scalable object storage for files, images, backups. Example: Store photos for your

website.

3. Amazon RDS (Relational Database Service)

Managed databases (MySQL, PostgreSQL, etc.). AWS handles maintenance tasks.

4. Amazon DynamoDB

NoSQL database for fast, flexible storage. Ideal for gaming or mobile apps.

5. Amazon Lambda

Run code without managing servers. Example: Automatically resize uploaded images.

6. Amazon VPC (Virtual Private Cloud)

Isolated network in AWS for security. Like having your own data center in the cloud.

7. AWS IAM (Identity & Access Management)

Securely manage access to AWS services. Give users only the permissions they need.

8. Amazon CloudFront

Content Delivery Network (CDN) for fast delivery of websites and videos worldwide.

9. AWS Auto Scaling

Automatically adds or removes servers based on demand. Example: Scale your app

during traffic spikes.

10. Amazon Route 53

AWS’s DNS service to route traffic to websites or apps.

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 🌐 Global Infrastructure & Scaling
1. AWS Region

A geographical location where AWS clusters data centers to provide services. Example:

Choose the closest region to your users to reduce latency and improve service

performance.

2. AWS Availability Zone (AZ)

A physical data center within a region, ensuring high availability and fault tolerance.

Example: Deploying EC2 instances across multiple AZs in a region provides redundancy

and enhances application availability.

3. AWS Local Zones

Places AWS infrastructure closer to large population centers to reduce latency for

applications requiring single-digit millisecond latencies. Example: Use Local Zones to

serve low-latency applications like gaming or augmented reality.

4. AWS Outposts

Bring native AWS services, infrastructure, and operating models to your on-premises

location. Example: Use Outposts to extend your AWS environment into your data center

for hybrid cloud applications.

5. AWS Wavelength

Bring AWS services to the edge of 5G networks to deliver ultra-low latency applications.

Example: Use Wavelength for applications like autonomous vehicles or real-time video

analytics that require ultra-low latency.

6. Amazon CloudFront

Content delivery network (CDN) that distributes content globally. Example: Speed up

website loading times by caching static files like images and videos.

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🖥️ Compute Services
1. Amazon EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud)

Virtual servers in the cloud that provide scalable compute capacity. Example: Use EC2

for hosting websites, applications, or databases that need scalable compute power.

2. AWS Lambda

Run code without provisioning or managing servers. Example: Use Lambda to process

events, such as automatically resizing images uploaded to S3.

3. Amazon Lightsail

Simplified cloud platform for deploying and managing virtual private servers. Example:

Start a blog or simple website with minimal setup using Lightsail.

4. Amazon Elastic Container Service (ECS)

Fully managed service for running Docker containers. Example: Use ECS to manage

microservices with Docker containers across multiple EC2 instances.

5. Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (EKS)

Managed Kubernetes service to run containerized applications at scale. Example: Use

EKS for deploying a microservices-based application with Kubernetes in AWS.

6. AWS Batch

Managed service to run batch computing jobs at scale. Example: Process large amounts

of data like video rendering.

7. AWS Elastic Beanstalk

Managed platform (PaaS) to deploy and scale applications quickly. Example: Deploy a

web app with just a few clicks, without managing infrastructure.

📦 Storage Services
1. Amazon EBS (Elastic Block Store)

Block-level storage (persistent Storage) volumes that can be attached to EC2 instances.

Like an external hard drive for your virtual server.

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2. Amazon S3 (Simple Storage Service)

Object storage with unlimited scalability. Example: Store photos, videos, and backups in

the cloud.

3. Amazon S3 Intelligent-Tiering

Automatically moves objects between two access tiers (frequent and infrequent) based

on usage patterns. Example: Use this to optimize storage costs for data that may

change access frequency over time.

4. Amazon S3 Storage Class Analysis

Helps you analyze storage patterns and identify infrequent access data for cost

optimization. Example: Use this analysis to move infrequently accessed data to

lower-cost storage options like Glacier.

5. Amazon S3 Glacier

Low-cost cloud storage for data archiving and long-term backup. Example: Store

infrequently accessed data like old records, logs, or backups.

6. Amazon EBS (Elastic Block Store)

Persistent block storage for EC2 instances. Example: Attach a disk to your EC2 instance

for additional storage.

7. Amazon EFS (Elastic File System)

Managed and Scalable file storage that can be mounted by multiple EC2 instances

simultaneously. Example: Share files between EC2 instances like on a network drive.

8. Amazon Elastic File System (EFS) Infrequent Access

Store infrequently accessed files at a lower cost while maintaining the benefits of EFS.

Example: Use EFS IA to save on costs for archived documents accessed rarely.

9. Amazon FSx for Windows File Server

Fully managed Windows file systems in the cloud. Example: Use FSx to lift and shift

your Windows applications to AWS without changing how you store data.

10. Amazon FSx for Lustre

High-performance file system optimized for compute-intensive workloads, like machine

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 learning or high-performance computing (HPC). Example: Use FSx for Lustre for fast

data processing in genomics or financial simulations.

11. AWS Storage Gateway

Hybrid cloud storage solution to connect on-premises environments with cloud storage.

12. AWS Backup

Centralized backup service for automating backup tasks across AWS services. Example:

Use AWS Backup to create regular backups of Amazon RDS databases, EFS file

systems, and more.

🔄 Data Management & Migration

1. AWS DataSync

Automated data transfer service between on-premises storage and AWS. Example:

Migrate large datasets from an on-premises data center to Amazon S3.

2. AWS Snowball

Physical device to transfer large data sets securely to AWS when the internet is too

slow. Example: Use Snowball to move 100s of terabytes of data from your office to the

cloud.

3. AWS Database Migration Service (DMS)

Migrate databases to AWS with minimal downtime. Example: Migrate your SQL Server

database to Amazon RDS without disrupting service.

4. AWS Transfer Family

Managed file transfer service for SFTP, FTP, and FTPS. Example: Securely transfer files

to and from AWS services like Amazon S3.

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 🗄️ Database Services
1. Amazon Aurora

Managed relational database compatible with MySQL and PostgreSQL. Example: Faster

and more reliable than traditional databases.

2. Amazon DynamoDB

Serverless NoSQL database with low-latency performance. Example: Store user data for

mobile apps.

3. Amazon Redshift

Fully managed data warehouse for analytics. Example: Analyze large datasets for

business insights.

4. Amazon Neptune

Graph database for relationships and connections. Example: Social network analysis or

fraud detection.

5. Amazon ElastiCache

In-memory caching service for Redis or Memcached. Example: Speed up website

performance by caching data.

📡 Networking Services
1. Amazon VPC (Virtual Private Cloud)

Create a private, isolated network within AWS. Example: Set up your own network for

EC2, RDS, and other resources.

2. Amazon Route 53

Managed DNS (Domain Name System) service for routing traffic to resources in AWS.

Example: Route domain traffic to EC2 instances or S3 buckets. Or Use Route 53 to

route user traffic to the nearest AWS region to minimize latency and improve user

experience.

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3. AWS Direct Connect

A dedicated network connection between your on-premises data center and AWS.

Example: Use Direct Connect for faster and more reliable transfer of large datasets

compared to the public internet.

4. AWS Transit Gateway

Connect multiple VPCs and on-premises networks through a single gateway. Example:

Simplify network management for complex cloud environments.

5. AWS Global Accelerator

Direct user traffic to the best available endpoint in AWS to reduce latency. Example:

Improve the speed and availability of your global applications.

6. Amazon Elastic Load Balancing (ELB)

Automatically distribute incoming traffic across multiple targets like EC2 instances.

Example: Balance traffic for your web application to prevent any single server from being

overwhelmed.

7. AWS Transit Gateway

Connects multiple VPCs and on-premises networks through a single gateway.

8. Amazon VPN

Connects your on-premises network securely to AWS resources over the internet.

📡 Networking & Content Delivery

1. AWS PrivateLink

Securely access AWS services over private networks. Example: Use PrivateLink to

connect to your VPC without traversing the public internet.

2. Amazon CloudFront Functions

Run lightweight functions at AWS edge locations, closer to end users. Example: Use

functions to personalize content or modify HTTP requests before delivery.

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3. AWS Site-to-Site VPN

Establish a secure connection between your on-premises network and AWS. Example:

Use a VPN to securely connect your data center with your VPC for hybrid workloads.

4. Amazon CloudFront

A content delivery network (CDN) service that caches content at edge locations for

faster access. Example: Use CloudFront to deliver static and dynamic web content

globally, reducing latency for users.

5. AWS VPC Traffic Mirroring

Allows you to capture and inspect network traffic in your Virtual Private Cloud (VPC).

Example: Use Traffic Mirroring for deep packet inspection to troubleshoot network issues

and enhance security.

🔒 Security, IAM & Compliance Services

1. Shared Responsibility Model

AWS manages security of the cloud (infrastructure), you manage security in the cloud

(data, apps).

2. AWS Shield

Protection against DDoS attacks for your apps. Automatically enabled for free.

3. AWS WAF (Web Application Firewall)

Protects apps from common web threats (SQL injection, XSS).

4. AWS Trusted Advisor

Offers security, performance, and cost recommendations.

5. Amazon Inspector

Automated security assessment for EC2 instances. Detects vulnerabilities and security

risks.

6. AWS Certificate Manager (ACM)

Provision and manage SSL/TLS certificates for secure websites.

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7. AWS Organizations

Manage and control multiple AWS accounts under a single master account.

8. AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Controls who can access AWS resources and what actions they can perform. Example:

Use IAM to create users with specific permissions to control access to sensitive AWS

resources.

9. AWS IAM Identity Center

Centralized user identity and access management. Example: Manage user permissions

across multiple AWS accounts.

10. AWS SSO (Single Sign-On)

Centralized way to manage access to multiple AWS accounts and applications.

Example: Use SSO to sign in to all your AWS resources with a single set of credentials.

11. AWS Cognito

Manage user authentication and access for web and mobile apps. Example: Use

Cognito to enable user sign-ups and sign-ins for your app, while managing identity

securely.

12. AWS Secrets Manager

Securely store, manage, and rotate credentials and secrets like API keys and

passwords. Example: Use Secrets Manager to store API keys and database credentials

securely for your applications.

13. AWS Directory Service

Managed Microsoft Active Directory in the cloud. Example: Integrate on-premises

Microsoft Active Directory with AWS to manage users and groups in the cloud.

14. AWS Shield Advanced

DDoS protection for critical AWS resources. Example: Automatically mitigate large-scale

DDoS attacks targeting your site.

15. AWS Key Management Service (KMS)

Service to create and control encryption keys used to encrypt data. Example: Use KMS

to encrypt sensitive data stored in S3, RDS, or other AWS services.

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16. AWS Shield

Protection against Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks. Example: Protect your

website from traffic floods.

17. AWS Macie

Fully managed service that automatically discovers and protects sensitive data.

Example: Use Macie to detect personal data such as credit card information in your S3

buckets.

18. AWS Config

Track configuration changes in your AWS environment. Example: Monitor and audit

compliance with internal or external regulations across your AWS resources.

19. AWS Security Hub

Centralize and automate security alerts and findings from multiple AWS services.

Example: Aggregate findings from GuardDuty, Inspector, and Macie into a single

dashboard.

20. Amazon GuardDuty

Continuous monitoring for malicious activity and threats to your AWS environment.

Example: Detect abnormal behavior, unauthorized access, or malicious activity in your

AWS account.

🔍 Monitoring & Observability

1. Amazon CloudWatch

Monitoring service for AWS resources and applications. Example: Set up alerts for EC2

health or CPU utilization.

2. AWS X-Ray

Trace and analyze requests as they travel through your app. Example: Troubleshoot

performance bottlenecks in microservices.

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3. AWS CloudTrail

Log AWS account activity for auditing and compliance. Example: Track who made

changes to your infrastructure.

4. AWS Config

Track and manage configuration changes to AWS resources. Example: Monitor security

group changes in real-time.

5. Amazon Detective

Analyze and investigate security issues. Example: Investigate suspicious activity in your

AWS account.

6. AWS Systems Manager

Manage and automate tasks across AWS resources. Example: Patching servers

automatically.

🔄 Migration Services
1. AWS Migration Hub

Central hub to track migration projects from start to finish.

2. AWS Database Migration Service (DMS)

Migrate databases to AWS with minimal downtime. Example: Move your MySQL

database to Amazon RDS.

3. AWS Application Migration Service

Lift-and-shift servers to AWS. Automates migration for on-premises apps.

4. AWS DataSync

Transfer data between on-premises and AWS storage quickly and securely.

5. AWS Snowcone

Small, portable device for edge computing and data transfer. Example: Collect data in

remote locations.

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 📈 Cost Management & Monitoring
1. AWS Cost Explorer

Service to visualize, understand, and manage your AWS spending. Example: Use Cost

Explorer to identify patterns in usage and spending, helping to optimize costs and

allocate budgets more effectively.

2. AWS Trusted Advisor

Provides best practices for AWS environments, including cost optimization, security, and

fault tolerance. Example: Use Trusted Advisor to get recommendations on underutilized

resources and opportunities for cost-saving.

3. AWS Budgets

Service to set custom cost and usage budgets and receive alerts when you exceed

thresholds. Example: Use AWS Budgets to monitor your monthly EC2 spending and get

notified when you’re nearing your budget limits.

4. Amazon CloudWatch Alarms

Monitor AWS resources and set alarms to react to threshold breaches. Example: Set a

CloudWatch Alarm to notify you if the CPU utilization of an EC2 instance exceeds 80%

for more than 5 minutes.

5. AWS Cost and Usage Report (CUR)

Detailed billing report that breaks down usage across AWS services and accounts.

Example: Use CUR to get in-depth insight into which AWS resources are consuming the

most and optimize costs accordingly.

🛠️ Developer & DevOps Services

1. AWS CodePipeline

Continuous integration and continuous delivery (CI/CD) service for automating your

release process. Example: Set up a pipeline that automatically tests and deploys your

application on every code change.

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2. AWS CodeBuild

Fully managed build service for compiling code, running tests, and producing

ready-to-deploy packages. Example: Use CodeBuild to compile and package your

application as part of your CI/CD process.

3. AWS CodeDeploy

Automate code deployment to any instance, including EC2 and on-premises servers.

Example: Use CodeDeploy to automatically deploy your web application across multiple

EC2 instances.

4. AWS CodeCommit

Secure, scalable source control service for Git repositories. Example: Store and version

control your application code in CodeCommit repositories.

5. AWS Cloud9

Cloud-based integrated development environment (IDE) for writing, running, and

debugging code. Example: Use Cloud9 to edit your code and test it without worrying

about managing a local development environment.

6. AWS Elastic Beanstalk

Deploy applications in the cloud without managing infrastructure. Example: Deploy Java,

Python, Node.js, and other apps with minimal configuration.

7. Amazon CloudWatch Logs

Collect and monitor log files from AWS resources. Example: Track error logs from EC2

instances or Lambda functions for troubleshooting.

8. AWS CDK (Cloud Development Kit)

Develop infrastructure code using familiar programming languages. Example: Use the

CDK to write Python, Java, or TypeScript code that provisions AWS resources like EC2

or Lambda.

9. AWS CloudTrail

Record API calls made on your account for auditing and compliance. Example: Use

CloudTrail to track who did what in your AWS account and ensure your environment is

secure and compliant.

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10. AWS OpsWorks

Configuration management service using Chef and Puppet. Example: Use OpsWorks to

automate server configuration, deployments, and management of software stacks.

11. AWS CloudFormation

Service to model and provision AWS infrastructure using code. Example: Use

CloudFormation to automate the deployment of an entire infrastructure stack, including

EC2, RDS, and S3.

12. AWS CodeArtifact

Managed repository for storing and sharing software packages. Example: Store npm,

Maven, and Python packages.

13. AWS CodeStar

Integrated platform for managing software development. Example: Manage your entire

CI/CD pipeline from code to deployment.

14. AWS Device Farm

Test and interact with mobile apps on real devices. Example: Test apps on a variety of

smartphones and tablets.

🔧 Application Services
1. Amazon CloudFront

Content Delivery Network (CDN) to deliver content globally with low latency. Example:

Speed up website loading.

2. AWS Step Functions

Create workflows that connect AWS services in a sequence.

3. AWS AppSync

Manage GraphQL APIs for real-time data syncing in apps.

4. Amazon MQ

Managed message broker service for communication between different parts of an app.

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5. AWS Elastic Transcoder

Convert media files to different formats for mobile, web, and more.

📦 Containers & Serverless Services

1. AWS Fargate

Serverless compute for containers. Example: Run containers without managing servers.

2. AWS Lambda@Edge

Run code closer to users at CloudFront locations to reduce latency.

3. Amazon ECR (Elastic Container Registry)

Store, manage, and deploy Docker container images.

4. AWS Proton

Automate infrastructure management for containerized and serverless apps.

5. AWS Amplify

Build, host, and deploy full-stack web and mobile apps quickly.

6. Amazon API Gateway

Create and manage APIs for your apps. Example: Connect your front-end app to a

back-end service.

7. AWS App Runner

Deploy containerized apps without managing servers. Example: Deploy a web service

easily from a Git repository.

8. AWS Step Functions

Coordinate multiple AWS services into serverless workflows. Example: Automatically

trigger Lambda functions after processing events.

9. Amazon EventBridge Pipes

Connect event sources to targets with minimal code. Example: Automate data flows

between services.

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 📡 Application Integration Services
1. Amazon MQ

Managed message broker for Apache ActiveMQ and RabbitMQ. Ideal for migrating

messaging apps to the cloud.

2. AWS EventBridge

Event bus to connect apps using events. Example: Trigger actions when files are

uploaded to S3.

3. Amazon Simple Queue Service (SQS)

Fully managed message queue service for decoupling microservices. Example: Send

messages between distributed components without worrying about downtime.

4. Amazon SNS (Simple Notification Service)

Pub/sub messaging service for application communication. Example: Send alerts or

notifications to subscribers via email, SMS, or other protocols.

5. Amazon AppFlow

Fully managed integration service to transfer data between AWS and third-party

applications. Example: Automatically move data from Salesforce to Amazon S3.

6. AWS AppSync

Managed service for building GraphQL APIs. Example: Build an API for your mobile or

web app to fetch data from multiple sources.

⚙️ Automation & Orchestration

1. AWS Step Functions

Visual workflow service to coordinate multiple AWS services into serverless workflows.

Example: Use Step Functions to automate a multi-step process such as order fulfillment,

where Lambda, S3, and DynamoDB work together.

2. Amazon EventBridge

Event-driven architecture that allows you to build scalable applications using events from

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 AWS services, your own apps, or third-party apps. Example: Use EventBridge to

automatically trigger workflows when a new file is uploaded to S3.

3. AWS Systems Manager

Unified interface for managing and automating AWS resources across your

infrastructure. Example: Use Systems Manager to patch operating systems and software

across your EC2 instances and manage application settings.

4. AWS Batch

Managed service for running batch computing workloads efficiently at any scale.

Example: Use Batch to run thousands of parallel computing jobs for processing data or

machine learning model training.

5. AWS CloudWatch Events

A service that lets you monitor and respond to changes in your AWS resources.

Example: Set up CloudWatch Events to trigger alarms or actions when resources such

as EC2 instances go down.

📉 Analytics (Data & Business) Services

1. Amazon Athena

Interactive query service for analyzing data directly in Amazon S3 using SQL. Example:

Use Athena to analyze large datasets stored in S3 without having to set up a database.

2. Amazon Redshift

Fully managed data warehouse service to analyze large datasets. Example: Store and

analyze petabytes of data for business intelligence with Redshift.

3. Amazon QuickSight

Business intelligence (BI) service to visualize and share insights from your data.

Example: Use QuickSight to create dashboards and reports for business

decision-making.

4. AWS Glue

Fully managed ETL (extract, transform, load) service for preparing data for analytics.

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 Example: Use Glue to clean and transform data before loading it into Redshift for

analysis.

5. AWS Data Exchange

Securely exchange data between AWS and third-party providers. Example: Subscribe to

financial, healthcare, or other datasets directly from AWS Data Exchange to use in your

analytics workflows.

6. Amazon EMR (Elastic MapReduce)

Process big data using frameworks like Apache Spark or Hadoop.

7. Amazon OpenSearch Service

Search, visualize, and analyze log data. Example: Monitor application logs in real time.

8. AWS Data Pipeline

Data workflow service for automating data movement and transformation. Example: Use

Data Pipeline to move data from S3 to Redshift for analytics and transformation.

9. Amazon Kinesis

Platform for streaming data processing in real-time. Example: Use Kinesis to collect,

process, and analyze video, audio, application logs, and IoT sensor data in real-time.

10. Amazon Elasticsearch Service

Managed service to search, analyze, and visualize data in real-time using Elasticsearch.

Example: Use Elasticsearch to log and search large volumes of application logs for

monitoring and troubleshooting.

11. AWS Glue DataBrew

Visual data preparation tool to clean and transform data without writing code. Example:

Use DataBrew to clean raw data before loading it into a data warehouse for analysis.

12. AWS DMS (Database Migration Service)

Migrate databases to AWS securely and with minimal downtime. Example: Use DMS to

migrate your on-premises Oracle database to Amazon RDS for easier management and

scalability.

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 🧠 AI & Machine Learning Services
1. Amazon SageMaker

Fully managed service to build, train, and deploy machine learning models quickly.

Example: Use SageMaker to create a predictive model for sales forecasting with minimal

setup.

2. Amazon SageMaker Studio

Integrated development environment (IDE) for machine learning (ML). Example: Use

SageMaker Studio to build, train, and deploy machine learning models in a unified

interface.

3. AWS Deep Learning AMIs

Pre-built machine learning environments for faster model training and inference.

Example: Use the Deep Learning AMI with TensorFlow for faster AI development and

experimentation.

4. Amazon Rekognition

Image and video analysis service powered by deep learning. Example: Use Rekognition

to analyze images or video streams and detect objects, faces, and activities.

5. Amazon Transcribe

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) service to convert audio into text. Example: Use

Transcribe to convert call center recordings into text for analysis or transcription

services.

6. Amazon Comprehend

Natural language processing (NLP) service for sentiment analysis, entity recognition,

and text analysis. Example: Use Comprehend to analyze customer feedback from social

media and determine sentiment towards your brand.

7. AWS Lex

Build conversational chatbots using the same deep learning technologies as Amazon

Alexa. Example: Create a customer support chatbot for your website.

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8. Amazon Polly

Convert text into lifelike speech. Example: Use Polly to create voice-enabled

applications, like virtual assistants or audiobooks.

9. Amazon Translate

Neural machine translation service for fast and accurate language translation. Example:

Use Translate to automatically translate content from your website into multiple

languages for global users.

10. AWS Deep Learning AMIs

Pre-configured Amazon Machine Images (AMIs) for deep learning. Example: Use them

to quickly set up a training environment for AI models with TensorFlow, PyTorch, or

MXNet.

11. Amazon Textract

Automatically extract text, tables, and forms from scanned documents. Example: Use

Textract to digitize and process invoices or legal documents.

12. Amazon Forecast

Machine learning service to build predictive models and generate forecasts for your

business. Example: Use Forecast to predict future sales trends based on historical data

and seasonality.

🏙️ Edge Computing Services

1. AWS Wavelength

Deploy applications that require ultra-low latency at the edge of the 5G network.

Example: Real-time gaming or AR/VR experiences.

2. AWS Snowcone

A small, portable device for edge computing and data transfer. Example: Collect data in

remote locations and transfer to AWS.

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3. AWS Local Zones

Bring AWS infrastructure closer to end users by extending AWS Regions. Example:

Reduce latency for real-time applications.

4. AWS IoT Greengrass

Run local compute and data processing on IoT devices. Example: Process data from IoT

devices on-site without cloud connectivity.

5. AWS Outposts

Fully managed hardware and software stack to run AWS services on-premises.

Example: Extend AWS infrastructure to your data center.

🧩 Edge Services
1. AWS IoT Core

Connect IoT devices to the cloud. Example: Collect data from smart home devices.

2. AWS IoT Greengrass

Run local compute and data processing on IoT devices.

3. AWS IoT Device Management

Securely manage and monitor IoT devices at scale.

4. AWS IoT Events

Detect and respond to events from IoT devices. Example: Alert if a machine

malfunctions.

5. AWS IoT SiteWise

Collect and analyze industrial equipment data in real time. Example: Monitor factory

performance.

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 💼 Business Applications
1. Amazon WorkDocs

Secure document storage and sharing service. Example: Store and share files with your

team, with integrated version control.

2. Amazon WorkMail

Managed email and calendaring service for businesses. Example: Set up email and

collaboration tools with security and privacy.

3. Amazon Chime

Communication service for video meetings, messaging, and screen sharing. Example:

Use for team meetings, webinars, and conference calls.

4. AWS IQ

Connect with AWS-certified experts to get help with your AWS projects. Example: Hire

an expert to optimize your AWS architecture.

5. Amazon WorkSpaces

Virtual desktops in the cloud. Example: Provide remote employees with a secure virtual

desktop to access work applications.

☁️ Hybrid Cloud Solutions

1. AWS Outposts

Fully managed, configurable servers that bring AWS infrastructure on-premises.

Example: Extend your AWS environment to your data center for a truly hybrid cloud.

2. AWS Snowmobile

A massive 45-foot long shipping container for transporting up to 100 petabytes of data.

Example: Use Snowmobile for extremely large data transfers that would take months to

transfer over the internet.

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3. Amazon RDS on VMware

Run Amazon RDS databases on your on-premises VMware environment. Example:

Migrate and manage databases in your data center but still leverage AWS features.

4. AWS Storage Gateway

Hybrid cloud storage service that connects on-premises environments with cloud

storage. Example: Use it for data backups and disaster recovery.

5. Amazon Elastic File System (EFS)

Fully managed, scalable file storage for use with AWS services. Example: Share files

between Amazon EC2 instances seamlessly.

6. AWS Local Zones

Run latency-sensitive apps closer to end-users by extending AWS Regions.

7. AWS Wavelength

For ultra-low-latency apps on 5G networks. Example: Mobile gaming or live video

streaming.

8. VMware Cloud on AWS

Run VMware workloads on AWS infrastructure seamlessly.

9. AWS Snow Family

Devices like Snowcone, Snowball, and Snowmobile for offline data transfer and edge

computing.

🌱 Sustainability & Green Cloud Solutions

1. AWS Well-Architected Framework

Best practices for designing and operating reliable, secure, efficient, and cost-effective

systems. Example: Follow the AWS Well-Architected Framework to ensure your cloud

solutions are optimized for performance and sustainability.

2. AWS Carbon Footprint Tool

Calculate the carbon emissions associated with your AWS services. Example: Use the

tool to measure and reduce your cloud operations' environmental impact.

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3. Amazon EC2 Spot Instances

Purchase unused EC2 capacity at a discount to save costs. Example: Use Spot

Instances for non-critical workloads, such as batch processing, to reduce your carbon

footprint and save money.

4. AWS Graviton Processors

Energy-efficient processors designed by AWS that provide better price performance for

cloud workloads. Example: Use EC2 instances powered by Graviton to reduce power

consumption while improving performance.

5. AWS Sustainability Pillar

Part of the AWS Well-Architected Framework, focusing on reducing environmental

impact. Example: Implementing efficient resource use and managing carbon emissions

in your cloud architecture.

🔧 Management & Governance

1. AWS Control Tower

Set up and manage multiple AWS accounts with best practices.

2. AWS Service Catalog

Create and manage approved IT service catalogs for your organization.

3. AWS Config Rules

Enforce compliance by setting rules for your AWS resources.

4. AWS License Manager

Track and manage software licenses across AWS and on-premises.

5. AWS Cost Explorer

Analyze and visualize your AWS spending to manage costs better.

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📞 Customer Engagement Services
1. Amazon Connect

Cloud-based call center service for customer support.

2. Amazon Pinpoint

Send targeted email, SMS, and push notifications to customers. Example: Marketing

campaigns.

3. Amazon Simple Email Service (SES)

Email service for sending transactional or marketing emails.

4. Amazon Chime

Online meetings, video calls, and chat for business communication.

5. AWS AppSync

Build real-time apps with GraphQL APIs. Example: Sync chat messages across devices.

🎓 Training & Certification

1. AWS Training and Certification

Learn AWS services and prepare for certifications through official training programs.

Example: Take courses on AWS Cloud Practitioner or Solutions Architect exams.

https://www.aws.training

https://www.aws.training/Certification

Popular AWS Certificaitons

1. AWS Certified Solutions Architect – Associate

Popular AWS certification for designing distributed systems. Example: Prove your skills

in architecting scalable and secure applications on AWS.

2. AWS Certified Developer – Associate

Certification for developers focused on cloud application development. Example:

Validate your skills in building and deploying applications using AWS.

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3. AWS Certified Security – Specialty

Certification that demonstrates expertise in securing AWS environments. Example: Gain

in-depth knowledge of security practices to protect your data on AWS.

AWS Interview Questions

🚀 Introduction to AWS & Cloud Basics

1. Explain the difference between IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS. Can you provide a

real-world scenario where a startup might choose each model?

2. Describe the AWS Shared Responsibility Model. In a scenario where a

company's data is breached, what aspects would be AWS's responsibility versus

the customer's?

3. How would you explain the concept of cloud elasticity to a non-technical

stakeholder? Provide an example from e-commerce during a holiday sale.

4. What are the key benefits of using multiple Availability Zones in a Region?

Describe a scenario where this architecture prevents service disruption.

5. A company wants to migrate from on-premises infrastructure to cloud. How

would you recommend they evaluate their readiness and choose the right AWS

services?

6. Explain how AWS's global infrastructure helps in reducing latency. Give an

example of a global application that would benefit from this.

7. How do edge locations improve content delivery? Describe a use case for a

media streaming service.

🛠️ Core AWS Services

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1. You're designing a web application that needs to store user-uploaded images,

handle user authentication, and run application logic. Which AWS services would

you recommend and why?

2. Compare Amazon RDS and DynamoDB. In what scenarios would you choose

one over the other for a mobile banking application?

3. A startup needs to process uploaded videos and create thumbnails automatically.

How would you design this solution using AWS services?

4. Describe how you would use AWS Lambda to create a serverless application for

processing IoT sensor data.

5. Your company wants to reduce infrastructure management overhead. How can

AWS Elastic Beanstalk help in this scenario?

6. Explain how Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling can help a news website manage traffic

during breaking news events.

7. A scientific research team needs to process large datasets. Which AWS compute

and storage services would you recommend?

🌐 Global Infrastructure & Scaling

1. A multinational e-commerce company wants to improve its global user

experience. How would you use AWS Local Zones and CloudFront to achieve

this?

2. Explain the differences between AWS Outposts, Wavelength, and Local Zones.

Provide a unique use case for each.

3. How would you design a highly available architecture using multiple Availability

Zones for a critical financial application?

4. Describe a scenario where AWS Wavelength would be crucial for a real-time

application, such as autonomous vehicle communication.

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5. A media company wants to reduce latency for global users. How would you use

AWS global infrastructure to optimize their content delivery?

6. Explain how AWS Global Accelerator can improve the performance of a global

SaaS application.

7. How would you use AWS Snow Family for a remote research project with limited

internet connectivity?

🖥️ Compute Services
1. Compare AWS Lambda, EC2, and Elastic Beanstalk. In what scenario would you

recommend each service for a web application?

2. A machine learning team needs to run complex, long-running training jobs.

Which AWS compute service would you recommend and why?

3. Describe how you would use ECS and Fargate to deploy a microservices-based

application.

4. A video rendering company needs to process multiple large videos

simultaneously. How would AWS Batch help them?

5. Explain how Kubernetes can be implemented on AWS using EKS for a complex,

distributed application.

6. A startup wants to quickly deploy a web application with minimal infrastructure

management. How can AWS Elastic Beanstalk help?

7. Describe a scenario where you would choose Lightsail over EC2 for hosting.

📦 Storage Services
1. Compare S3, EBS, and EFS. In what scenarios would you recommend each

storage service?

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2. A media company needs to archive historical video content cost-effectively. How

would you use S3 Glacier?

3. Describe how S3 Intelligent-Tiering can help optimize storage costs for a

dynamic content platform.

4. A scientific research team needs to share large datasets across multiple

compute instances. How would EFS help?

5. Explain the use cases for FSx for Windows File Server and FSx for Lustre in

different industries.

6. How would you use AWS Storage Gateway to create a hybrid cloud storage

solution for a company with existing on-premises infrastructure?

7. A backup solution needs to consolidate backups from multiple AWS services.

How can AWS Backup help?

🔄 Data Management & Migration

1. A large enterprise wants to migrate its databases to AWS with minimal

downtime. How would you use AWS Database Migration Service (DMS) to

achieve this?

2. Describe a scenario where you would recommend using AWS Snowball for data

transfer instead of internet-based migration.

3. A company has petabytes of archival data in a remote data center. How would

you design a migration strategy using AWS Transfer Family and Snow Family?

4. Explain how AWS DataSync can help a research organization transfer large

scientific datasets to the cloud efficiently.

5. A multinational corporation needs to migrate multiple databases with different

schemas. How would you approach this using AWS migration tools?

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6. Describe the challenges of database migration and how AWS DMS addresses

these challenges.

7. How would you use AWS Migration Hub to track and manage a complex

migration project?

🗄️ Database Services
1. Compare Amazon Aurora, RDS, and DynamoDB. In what scenarios would you

recommend each database service for different types of applications?

2. A social media platform needs a database that can handle complex relationship

queries. How would Amazon Neptune be beneficial?

3. Describe how Redshift can help a business intelligence team analyze large

datasets from multiple sources.

4. A gaming company needs a low-latency database for user profiles and game

states. Which database service would you recommend and why?

5. Explain how ElastiCache can improve the performance of a high-traffic

e-commerce website.

6. A financial services company requires a database with strong consistency and

ACID transactions. How would you design their database solution?

7. Describe the use cases for NoSQL vs. relational databases, using specific AWS

services as examples.

📡 Networking Services
1. A company wants to create a secure, isolated network environment in AWS. How

would you design a VPC architecture?

2. Explain how AWS Direct Connect can benefit a multinational corporation with

large data transfer needs.

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3. Describe a scenario where Transit Gateway would simplify network management

for a complex enterprise infrastructure.

4. How would you use Route 53 to implement a sophisticated global routing

strategy for a worldwide application?

5. A company needs to securely connect its on-premises data center to AWS.

Compare Site-to-Site VPN and Direct Connect.

6. Explain how Global Accelerator can improve the performance of a global SaaS

application.

7. Describe how you would use Elastic Load Balancing to ensure high availability

for a multi-region web application.

🔒 Security, IAM & Compliance Services

1. A healthcare company needs to ensure HIPAA compliance. How would you use

AWS services to meet these requirements?

2. Explain the process of setting up least privilege access using IAM. Provide a

detailed scenario from a financial services company.

3. Describe how you would use AWS Shield and WAF to protect a high-profile

e-commerce website from DDoS attacks.

4. A company wants to centralize user management across multiple AWS

accounts. How would AWS IAM Identity Center help?

5. Explain the key features of AWS Secrets Manager and provide a use case for

secure credential management.

6. How would you use AWS Config and Security Hub to maintain continuous

compliance and security monitoring?

7. Describe a comprehensive security strategy using multiple AWS security

services for a multi-national corporation.

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🔍 Monitoring & Observability
1. A microservices application needs end-to-end tracing. How would you use AWS

X-Ray to diagnose performance issues?

2. Explain how CloudWatch can help monitor and alert on various metrics for a

complex cloud infrastructure.

3. A DevOps team wants to audit all changes in their AWS environment. How would

CloudTrail assist in this?

4. Describe how Systems Manager can help in managing and automating tasks

across a large EC2 infrastructure.

5. How would you use Amazon Detective to investigate a potential security

incident?

6. A company wants to implement comprehensive logging and monitoring. What

AWS services would you recommend?

7. Explain how to use CloudWatch Logs and Metrics to troubleshoot an application

performance issue.

🔄 Migration Services
1. Describe a comprehensive migration strategy for a legacy enterprise application

to AWS using multiple migration services.

2. How would you use Migration Hub to track and manage a complex, multi-step

migration project?

3. A company has diverse workloads and needs to migrate different types of

applications. How would you approach this using AWS migration tools?

4. Explain the considerations and steps for migrating a large Oracle database to

AWS using Database Migration Service.

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5. Describe a scenario where Snowcone would be the ideal solution for data

migration.

6. How would you design a hybrid cloud migration strategy using AWS Storage

Gateway and other migration tools?

7. A company wants to minimize downtime during migration. Describe your

approach using AWS migration services.

📈 Analytics Services
1. A retail company wants to analyze sales data from multiple sources. How would

you use Amazon Athena and Glue to create a comprehensive analytics solution?

2. Describe how Amazon QuickSight can help a marketing team visualize and

share customer insights.

3. Explain how Kinesis can be used for real-time data streaming in an IoT scenario.

4. A financial institution needs to process and analyze large volumes of transaction

data. Which AWS analytics services would you recommend?

5. How would you use EMR to process big data for a scientific research project?

6. Describe a scenario where AWS Data Exchange could provide valuable insights

for a business.

7. Explain how Redshift can help a business intelligence team perform complex

data warehousing tasks.

🧠 AI & Machine Learning Services

1. A healthcare startup wants to develop an image recognition system for medical

diagnostics. How would you use Amazon SageMaker and Rekognition?

2. Describe how AWS Comprehend could help a customer service team analyze

sentiment from support tickets.

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3. A media company wants to implement automatic translation for their global

platform. How would you use AWS Translate?

4. Explain how Amazon Forecast could help a retail business with inventory and

sales predictions.

5. Describe a scenario where Amazon Lex could be used to create an intelligent

chatbot for a banking application.

6. How would you use Amazon Transcribe to develop an accessibility feature for a

video platform?

7. A research team wants to process and analyze large volumes of text data. Which

AWS AI services would you recommend?

🏙️ Edge Computing Services

1. Describe a use case for AWS Wavelength in autonomous vehicle

communication.

2. How would a remote scientific research team use AWS Snowcone for data

collection and transfer?

3. Explain the benefits of AWS IoT Greengrass for a manufacturing company with

edge computing needs.

4. Describe a scenario where AWS Local Zones would be critical for a real-time

gaming application.

5. How would AWS Outposts help a financial institution maintain a hybrid cloud

infrastructure?

6. Explain the use of AWS IoT Core in developing a smart city infrastructure.

7. Describe how edge computing services can help overcome connectivity

challenges in remote locations.

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💼 Business Applications
1. A global company needs to improve communication and document sharing. How

would AWS WorkDocs and WorkMail help?

2. Describe how Amazon Chime could improve remote collaboration for a

distributed team.

3. Explain the benefits of Amazon WorkSpaces for a company transitioning to

remote work.

4. How would AWS IQ help a startup access expert help for their cloud

infrastructure?

5. Describe a scenario where WorkMail would be preferred over other email

solutions.

6. How can Amazon Chime enhance communication for a multinational

corporation?

7. Explain the advantages of WorkSpaces for companies with strict security

requirements.

☁️ Hybrid Cloud Solutions

1. A financial institution wants to extend its on-premises infrastructure to the cloud.

How would AWS Outposts help?

2. Describe a migration strategy using AWS Snow Family for a company with

limited internet bandwidth.

3. How would Storage Gateway help a company create a hybrid cloud backup

solution?

4. Explain the use of VMware Cloud on AWS for a company with existing VMware

infrastructure.

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5. Describe a scenario where AWS Local Zones would be critical for a media

production company.

6. How can AWS Wavelength support the development of 5G applications?

7. Explain the benefits of a hybrid cloud approach using AWS services for a global

enterprise.

🌱 Sustainability & Green Cloud Solutions

1. How can the AWS Carbon Footprint Tool help a company reduce its

environmental impact?

2. Describe how using Graviton Processors can contribute to more sustainable

cloud computing.

3. Explain the Sustainability Pillar of the AWS Well-Architected Framework.

4. How can Spot Instances help reduce the carbon footprint of cloud computing?

5. Describe a strategy for optimizing resource use to improve cloud sustainability.

6. How can the Well-Architected Framework help companies create more

environmentally friendly cloud solutions?

7. Explain the importance of sustainable cloud computing for modern businesses.

🔧 Management & Governance

1. How would AWS Control Tower help a large enterprise manage multiple AWS

accounts?

2. Describe the benefits of AWS Service Catalog for an organization's IT

governance.

3. Explain how AWS Config Rules can help maintain compliance and security

standards.

4. How can License Manager help a company optimize its software licensing?

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5. Describe a scenario where Cost Explorer would be crucial for financial planning.

6. How would you use AWS Organizations to manage a complex multi-account

environment?

7. Explain the importance of governance and management services in a large cloud

infrastructure.

AWS Certification Practice Questions

Cloud Basics & Fundamentals

Q.1 What does AWS stand for?

1. Amazon Web Solutions

2. Amazon Web Services

3. Advanced Web Systems

4. Amazon Working Services

Answer: 2) Amazon Web Services

Explanation: AWS (Amazon Web Services) is the official name of Amazon's cloud computing

platform, offering over 200 services for computing, storage, databases, networking,

analytics, and more.

Q.2 Which cloud computing model allows you to rent servers and manage their

configuration?

1. SaaS (Software as a Service)

2. PaaS (Platform as a Service)

3. IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service)

4. CaaS (Container as a Service)

Answer: 3) IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service)

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Explanation: IaaS provides virtualized computing resources over the internet. With IaaS like

Amazon EC2, users can rent virtual servers and have full control over the operating systems

and deployed applications.

Q.3 In the AWS Shared Responsibility Model, who is responsible for protecting the

global infrastructure?

1. AWS Customer

2. AWS (Amazon Web Services)

3. Third-party security provider

4. No one specifically

Answer: 2) AWS (Amazon Web Services)

Explanation: In the Shared Responsibility Model, AWS is responsible for protecting the global

infrastructure (hardware, networks, facilities), while customers are responsible for

managing security in the cloud (data, applications, access management).

Q.4 What is an AWS Region?

1. A single data center location

2. A geographical area containing multiple Availability Zones

3. A global network connection point

4. A virtual private network

Answer: 2) A geographical area containing multiple Availability Zones

Explanation: An AWS Region is a geographical area that consists of multiple isolated data

centers called Availability Zones. Each Region is designed to be completely independent,

providing high availability and fault tolerance.

Q.5 Which AWS service provides serverless compute functionality?

1. Amazon EC2

2. AWS Lambda

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3. Amazon Lightsail

4. AWS Elastic Beanstalk

Answer: 2) AWS Lambda

Explanation: AWS Lambda allows you to run code without provisioning or managing servers.

It automatically scales and charges only for the compute time you consume, making it a true

serverless computing service.

Compute Services

Q.6 What is the primary purpose of Amazon EC2?

1. Storing large datasets

2. Managing databases

3. Providing virtual servers in the cloud

4. Creating machine learning models

Answer: 3) Providing virtual servers in the cloud

Explanation: Amazon EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud) provides scalable virtual servers that

allow users to run applications, host websites, and perform various computing tasks without

investing in physical hardware.

Q.7 Which AWS service is best for running Docker containers?

1. AWS Lambda

2. Amazon ECS (Elastic Container Service)

3. AWS Batch

4. Amazon Lightsail

Answer: 2) Amazon ECS (Elastic Container Service)

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Explanation: Amazon ECS is a fully managed container orchestration service specifically

designed to run, stop, and manage Docker containers across a cluster of EC2 instances.

Storage Services

Q.8 What type of storage does Amazon S3 provide?

1. Block storage

2. File storage

3. Object storage

4. Archive storage

Answer: 3) Object storage

Explanation: Amazon S3 (Simple Storage Service) is an object storage service that can store

and retrieve any amount of data from anywhere on the web, offering high durability and

availability.

Q.9 Which AWS service is ideal for archiving infrequently accessed data at low cost?

1. Amazon EBS

2. Amazon S3

3. Amazon S3 Glacier

4. Amazon EFS

Answer: 3) Amazon S3 Glacier

Explanation: Amazon S3 Glacier is designed for data archiving and long-term backup,

offering extremely low-cost storage for data that is rarely accessed.

Networking Services

Q.10 What does Amazon VPC allow you to do?

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1. Connect to the internet

2. Create a private, isolated network in the cloud

3. Manage DNS records

4. Balance web traffic

Answer: 2) Create a private, isolated network in the cloud

Explanation: Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) enables you to provision a logically isolated

section of the AWS Cloud where you can launch AWS resources in a virtual network that you

define.

Security Services

Q.11 What is the primary function of AWS IAM?

1. Encrypt data

2. Manage user access and permissions

3. Detect security threats

4. Create network firewalls

Answer: 2) Manage user access and permissions

Explanation: AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) allows you to control access to AWS

services and resources securely by creating users, groups, and defining granular

permissions.

Database Services

Q.12 Which AWS database service is a fully managed NoSQL database?

1. Amazon Aurora

2. Amazon RDS

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3. Amazon DynamoDB

4. Amazon Redshift

Answer: 3) Amazon DynamoDB

Explanation: Amazon DynamoDB is a fully managed, serverless NoSQL database that

provides fast and predictable performance with seamless scalability.

Machine Learning Services

Q.13 What is the primary purpose of Amazon SageMaker?

1. Image recognition

2. Natural language processing

3. Build, train, and deploy machine learning models

4. Speech-to-text conversion

Answer: 3) Build, train, and deploy machine learning models

Explanation: Amazon SageMaker is a fully managed machine learning platform that enables

developers and data scientists to quickly and easily build, train, and deploy machine learning

models at any scale.

Monitoring & Observability

Q.14 Which AWS service allows you to monitor resources and applications, set

alarms, and track metrics?

1. AWS CloudTrail

2. Amazon CloudWatch

3. AWS X-Ray

4. AWS Config

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Answer: 2) Amazon CloudWatch

Explanation: Amazon CloudWatch provides monitoring and observability for AWS resources

and applications. It collects metrics, logs, and allows setting up alarms to track the

performance and health of your AWS infrastructure.

Q.15 What is the primary purpose of AWS X-Ray?

1. Log AWS account activity

2. Monitor resource performance

3. Trace and analyze application requests

4. Create automated backups

Answer: 3) Trace and analyze application requests

Explanation: AWS X-Ray helps developers analyze and debug distributed applications by

tracing requests as they travel through different services, providing insights into application

performance and identifying bottlenecks.

Migration Services

Q.16 Which AWS service is designed to migrate databases with minimal downtime?

1. AWS Snowball

2. AWS Migration Hub

3. AWS Database Migration Service (DMS)

4. AWS DataSync

Answer: 3) AWS Database Migration Service (DMS)

Explanation: AWS Database Migration Service enables you to migrate databases to AWS

quickly and securely with minimal downtime. It supports homogeneous and heterogeneous

migrations between various database platforms.

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Q.17 What is the primary purpose of AWS Application Migration Service?

1. Migrate data between cloud providers

2. Lift and shift servers to AWS

3. Backup on-premises applications

4. Create disaster recovery plans

Answer: 2) Lift and shift servers to AWS

Explanation: AWS Application Migration Service automates the process of migrating

on-premises applications to AWS by converting and transferring servers with minimal

modifications, enabling quick cloud adoption.

Developer Tools

Q.18 Which AWS service provides continuous integration and continuous delivery

(CI/CD)?

1. AWS CodeBuild

2. AWS CodePipeline

3. AWS CodeCommit

4. AWS CodeDeploy

Answer: 2) AWS CodePipeline

Explanation: AWS CodePipeline is a fully managed continuous delivery service that helps you

automate your release pipelines for fast and reliable application and infrastructure updates.

Q.19 What does AWS CloudFormation enable you to do?

1. Manage DNS records

2. Provision infrastructure as code

3. Create machine learning models

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4. Manage user permissions

Answer: 2) Provision infrastructure as code

Explanation: AWS CloudFormation allows you to model and provision AWS resources using a

declarative template, enabling consistent and repeatable infrastructure deployment across

different environments.

Serverless & Container Services

Q.20 Which service allows you to run containers without managing servers?

1. Amazon EC2

2. AWS Fargate

3. Amazon ECS

4. AWS Lambda

Answer: 2) AWS Fargate

Explanation: AWS Fargate is a serverless compute engine for containers that works with both

Amazon Elastic Container Service (ECS) and Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (EKS),

allowing you to run containers without managing the underlying infrastructure.

Q.21 What is the primary characteristic of AWS Lambda?

1. Managing virtual machines

2. Running containers

3. Serverless compute with event-driven execution

4. Hosting static websites

Answer: 3) Serverless compute with event-driven execution

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Explanation: AWS Lambda lets you run code without provisioning or managing servers. It

automatically scales and executes code in response to events from AWS services, other cloud

platforms, or on-premises systems.

Networking & Content Delivery

Q.22 What does Amazon CloudFront primarily do?

1. Manage DNS records

2. Create virtual private networks

3. Distribute content globally with low latency

4. Balance web traffic

Answer: 3) Distribute content globally with low latency

Explanation: Amazon CloudFront is a content delivery network (CDN) service that securely

delivers data, videos, applications, and APIs to customers globally with low latency and high

transfer speeds.

Q.23 Which AWS service provides domain name system (DNS) routing?

1. AWS Direct Connect

2. Amazon Route 53

3. AWS Transit Gateway

4. Amazon VPC

Answer: 2) Amazon Route 53

Explanation: Amazon Route 53 is a scalable and highly available Domain Name System (DNS)

web service designed to route end-user requests to infrastructure running in AWS or to

external endpoints.

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Security & Compliance

Q.24 What does AWS Shield protect against?

1. Malware

2. User authentication issues

3. Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks

4. Data encryption

Answer: 3) Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks

Explanation: AWS Shield is a managed Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) protection service

that safeguards applications running on AWS. It provides always-on detection and automatic

mitigation.

Q.25 What is the primary function of AWS Secrets Manager?

1. Encrypt data at rest

2. Manage SSL/TLS certificates

3. Store and manage credentials securely

4. Create network firewalls

Answer: 3) Store and manage credentials securely

Explanation: AWS Secrets Manager helps you protect secrets needed to access your

applications, services, and IT resources. It enables you to rotate, manage, and retrieve

database credentials, API keys, and other secrets throughout their lifecycle.

Analytics & Big Data Services

Q.26 Which AWS service is designed for interactive querying of data directly in

Amazon S3?

1. Amazon Redshift

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2. Amazon Athena

3. AWS Glue

4. Amazon QuickSight

Answer: 2) Amazon Athena

Explanation: Amazon Athena is an interactive query service that allows you to analyze data

directly in Amazon S3 using standard SQL queries without the need to set up a complex data

warehouse infrastructure.

Q.27 What is the primary purpose of Amazon Redshift?

1. Real-time data streaming

2. NoSQL database management

3. Data warehousing and analytics

4. Machine learning model training

Answer: 3) Data warehousing and analytics

Explanation: Amazon Redshift is a fully managed, petabyte-scale data warehouse service

designed to handle large-scale data analysis and business intelligence workloads with high

performance and efficiency.

Edge Computing & IoT Services

Q.28 What does AWS Wavelength aim to provide?

1. Global content delivery

2. Ultra-low latency applications at 5G network edges

3. On-premises cloud infrastructure

4. IoT device management

Answer: 2) Ultra-low latency applications at 5G network edges

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Explanation: AWS Wavelength embeds AWS compute and storage services at the edge of 5G

networks, enabling developers to build applications with single-digit millisecond latencies for

use cases like autonomous vehicles and augmented reality.

Q.29 Which AWS service is designed for connecting and managing IoT devices?

1. AWS IoT Core

2. AWS Lambda

3. Amazon EC2

4. AWS Snowcone

Answer: 1) AWS IoT Core

Explanation: AWS IoT Core is a managed cloud service that enables secure communication

between IoT devices and AWS cloud services, allowing you to connect, manage, and interact

with billions of devices.

AI & Machine Learning Services

Q.30 What capability does Amazon Rekognition provide?

1. Text-to-speech conversion

2. Image and video analysis

3. Language translation

4. Speech recognition

Answer: 2) Image and video analysis

Explanation: Amazon Rekognition uses deep learning to automatically analyze images and

videos, enabling capabilities such as facial recognition, object detection, and activity

recognition.

Q.31 Which AWS service helps convert speech to text?

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1. Amazon Polly

2. Amazon Comprehend

3. Amazon Transcribe

4. Amazon Translate

Answer: 3) Amazon Transcribe

Explanation: Amazon Transcribe is an automatic speech recognition (ASR) service that

converts audio input into accurately transcribed text, supporting various use cases like call

center analytics and subtitle generation.

Hybrid Cloud & Migration Services

Q.32 What is the primary purpose of AWS Outposts?

1. Transferring large datasets

2. Running serverless applications

3. Extending AWS infrastructure to on-premises environments

4. Managing cloud security

Answer: 3) Extending AWS infrastructure to on-premises environments

Explanation: AWS Outposts brings native AWS services, infrastructure, and operating models

to virtually any data center, enabling a truly consistent hybrid experience with full access to

native AWS services.

Q.33 What does the AWS Snow Family of devices help with?

1. Machine learning training

2. Database migration

3. Offline data transfer and edge computing

4. Network security

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Answer: 3) Offline data transfer and edge computing

Explanation: The AWS Snow Family, including devices like Snowcone, Snowball, and

Snowmobile, helps organizations transfer large amounts of data to AWS and perform edge

computing in challenging environments with limited connectivity.

Application Integration Services

Q.34 What is the primary function of Amazon Simple Queue Service (SQS)?

1. Send email notifications

2. Manage video streaming

3. Decouple and scale microservices

4. Process machine learning models

Answer: 3) Decouple and scale microservices

Explanation: Amazon SQS is a fully managed message queuing service that enables you to

decouple and scale microservices, distributed systems, and serverless applications by

moving data between components.

Q.35 Which AWS service helps create event-driven architectures?

1. AWS Step Functions

2. Amazon EventBridge

3. AWS AppSync

4. Amazon SNS

Answer: 2) Amazon EventBridge

Explanation: Amazon EventBridge is a serverless event bus that makes it easier to build

event-driven applications by connecting applications using events from AWS services,

custom applications, and SaaS providers.

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Cost Management & Governance

Q.36 What does AWS Cost Explorer help you do?

1. Provision new resources

2. Visualize and manage AWS spending

3. Create security policies

4. Deploy applications

Answer: 2) Visualize and manage AWS spending

Explanation: AWS Cost Explorer provides a visual interface that allows you to view and

analyze your AWS cost and usage over time, helping you understand spending patterns and

optimize cloud expenditure.

Q.37 What is the primary purpose of AWS Organizations?

1. Manage user identities

2. Control multiple AWS accounts

3. Encrypt data

4. Deploy applications

Answer: 2) Control multiple AWS accounts

Explanation: AWS Organizations enables you to consolidate multiple AWS accounts into an

organization that you create and centrally manage, providing consolidated billing and

hierarchical management of accounts.

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