Sample Exam Problems

Following equations will be given in the exam……..

MAGNETIC FORCE

MAGNETIC FORCE ON A CONDUCTOR

MAGNETIC TORQUE

MAGNETIC FIELD OF A MOVING CHARGE

MAGNETIC FIELD OF A CURRENT CARRYING CONDUCTOR

HALL EFFECT

MAGNETIC FIELD OF A CURRENT LOOP

AMPERE’S LAW FARADAY’S LAW

MOTIONAL EMF
 -----Chapter 27---------
Q1- A dc motor with its rotor and field coils connected in series has an internal resistance of 3.2Ω.
When the motor is running at full load on a 120 V line, the emf in the rotor is 105 V.
a) What is the current drawn by the motor from the line?
b) What is the power delivered to the motor?
c) What is the mechanical power developed by the motor?

Vab  120 V,   105 V, and r  32.

V   120 V  105 V
(a) Vab    Ir  I  ab   47 A.
r 32 
(b) Psupplied  IVab  (47 A)(120 V)  564 W.
(c) Pmech  IVab  I 2r  564 W  (47 A)2 (32 )  493 W.

If the rotor isn’t turning, when the motor is first turned on or if the rotor bearings
120V
fail, then   0 and I   375 A. This large current causes large I 2r heating and can
32
trip the circuit breaker.
Q2- A coil with magnetic moment 1.45 A.m2 is oriented initially with its magnetic moment antiparallel to
a uniform 0.835 T magnetic field. What is the change in potential energy of the coil when it is rotated
180o so that its magnetic moment is parallel to the field?

For  and B parallel,   0 and   B   B cos   B. For  and B antiparallel,

  180 and   B   B cos   B.
U1    B, U 2   B
U  U 2  U1  2 B  2(145 A  m2 )(0835 T)  242 J

Q3-A long wire carrying 4.50 A of current makes two 90o bends, as shown in figure. The bent part of the
wire passes through a uniform 0.240T magnetic field directed as shown in the figure and confined to a
limited region of space. Find the magnitude and direction of the force that the magnetic field exerts on
the wire.

Fa  IlB  (450 A) x(0240 T).

Fc  (450 A)(0600 m  x)(0240 T). Since Fa and Fc are in the
same direction their vector sum has magnitude
Fac  Fa  Fc  (450 A)(0600 m)(0240 T)  0648 N and is directed toward the bottom of the
page in Figure 27.39a. Fb  (450 A)(0300 m)(0240 T)  0324 N and is directed to the right.
 The vector addition diagram for Fac and Fb is given in Figure 27.39b.
Fac 0648 N
F  Fac
2
 Fb2  (0648 N)2  (0324 N)2  0724 N. tan    and   634. The net
Fb 0324 N
force has magnitude 0.724 N and its direction is specified by   634 in Figure 27.39b.

: All three current segments are perpendicular to the magnetic field, so   90 for each in
the force equation. The direction of the force on a segment depends on the direction of the
current for that segment.

Q4- An electron in the beam of a TV picture tube is accelerated by a potential difference of 2.00 kV.
Then it passes through a region of transverse magnetic field, where it moves in a circular arc with radius
0.180 m. What is the magnitude of the field?

1 mv 2  eV 2eV 2(160  1019 C)(200  103 V) v2

2 and v   
 265  107 m/s. F  ma gives q v B sin   m .
m 911 10 kg
31 R
mv (911 1031 kg)(265  107 m/s)
  90 and B    838  104 T.
qR (160  1019 C)(0180 m)

Q5- A deuteron (the nucleus of an isotope of hydrogen) has a mass of 3.34 x10-27 kg and a charge of +e.
The deuteron travels in a circular path with a radius of 6.96 mm in a magnetic field with magnitude 2.50
T.
a) Find the speed of the deuteron.
b) Find the time required for it to make half a revolution.
c) Through what potential difference would the deuteron have to be accelerated to acquire this
speed?
 a)  F  ma says q v B  m(v 2/R)

q BR (1602  1019 C)(250 T)(696  103 m)

v   835  105 m/s
m 334  1027 kg

b) The speed is constant so t  distance/v.

R  (696 103 m)
t   262  108 s
v 835 105 m/s

c) kinetic energy gained  electric potential energy lost

1 mv 2
2
 qV
mv 2 (334  1027 kg)(835  105 m/s)2
V  19
 727  103 V  727 kV
2q 2(1602  10 C)

Q6- A particle with charge 7.80 uC is moving with velocity ⃗= ̂. Magnetic forc on the
⃗
particle is measured to be = -̂ ̂ .
a) Calculate all the components of the magnetic field you can from this information.
b) Are there components of the magnetic field that are not determined by the measurement of the
force? explain
c) Calculate the scalar product ⃗⃗. ⃗ . Calculate the angle between the B and F vectors?

(a) Fx  q(v y Bz  vz By )  qv y Bz .
Bz  Fx /qvy  (760 103 N)/[(780 106 C)(380 103 m/s)]  0256 T
Fy  q(vz Bx  vx Bz )  0, which is consistent with F as given in the problem. There is no
force component along the direction of the velocity.
Fz  q(vx By  v y Bx )  qv y Bx . Bx  Fz /qv y  0175 T.
(b) B y is not determined. No force due to this component of B along v ; measurement of
the force tells us nothing about B y .
(c) B  F  Bx Fx  By Fy  Bz Fz  (0175 T)(760 103 N)  (0256 T)(520 103 N)
B  F  0. B and F are perpendicular (angle is 90).

-----Chapter 28---------
Q7- As a new electrical technician you are designing a large solenoid to produce a uniform 0.150 T
magnetic field near the center of the solenoid. You have enough wire for 4000 circular turns. This
solenoid must be 1.4 m long and 2.80 cm in diameter. What current will you need to produce the
necessary field?

N
At the center of a long solenoid B  0nI  0 I.
L
BL (0150 T)(140 m)
I   418 A.
0 N (4 107 T  m/A)(4000)

Q8- Calculate the magnitude and direction of the magnetic field at point P due to the current in the
semicircular section of wire shown in figure.

0 I
B .
The magnetic field at the center of a circular loop is 2 R By symmetry each segment of the loop
1
that has length l contributes equally to the field, so the field at the center of a semicircle is 2 that of a
full loop.
0 I
B .
Since the straight sections produce no field at P, the field at P is 4R
0 I
B .
4 R The direction of B is given by the right-hand rule: B is directed into the page.

0 I
B .
For a quarter-circle section of wire the magnetic field at its center of curvature is 8R

Q9- Four very long current carrying wires in the same plane intersect to form a square 40.0 cm on each
side, as shown in figure. Find the magnitude of the net magnetic field these wires produce at points P
and Q if the 10.0 A current is
a) To the right
b) To the left
 The three known currents are shown in Figure 28.28.

B1,B2,B3
0 I
B ; r  0200 m for each wire
2 r

I1  100 A,I 2  80 A,I3  200 A. Then B1  100 105 T, B2  080 105 T, and B3  200 105 T.
B1z  100 105 T, B2z  080 105 T, B3z  200 105 T
B1z  B2 z  B3z  B4 z  0
B4 z  ( B1z  B2 z  B3z )  20 106 T
To give B4 in the  direction the current in wire 4 must be toward the bottom of the page.
0 I rB4 (0200 m)(20  106 T)
B4  so I 4    20 A
2 r ( 0 /2 ) (2  107 T  m/A)
The fields of wires #2 and #3 are in opposite directions and their net field is the same
as due to a current 20.0 A – 8.0 A  12.0 A in one wire. The field of wire #4 must be in the
same direction as that of wire #1, and 100 A  I 4  120 A.

Q10- Two parallel wires are 5.00 cm apart and carry currents in opposite directions, as shown in Figure.
Find the magnitude and direction of the magnetic field at point P due to two 1.50 mm segments of wire
that are opposite each other and each 8.00 cm from P.
 0 Idl sin 
dB  .
The law of Biot and Savart gives r 4 2

Both fields are into the page, so their magnitudes add.

Execute: Applying the law of Biot and Savart for the 12.0-A current gives
 250 cm 
(120 A)(000150 m)  
4  107 T  m/A  800 cm   8.79  10 –8 T
dB 
4 (00800 m)2
–7
The field from the 24.0-A segment is twice this value, so the total field is 2.64 10 T, into the page.

-----Chapter 29---------

Q11- A circular conducting ring with radius r0=0.0420m lies in xy-plane in a region of uniform magnetic
field
⃗⃗⃗= [ ] ̂. In this expression t0=0.0100 s and is constant, t is time, ̂ is the unit
vector in the z- direction and B0=0.0800 T and is constant. At points a and b there is a small gap in the
ring with wires leading to an external circuit of resistance R= 12.0 Ω. There is no magnetic field at the
location of the external circuit.
a) Derive an expression, as a function of time for the total magnetic flux through the ring.
b) Determine the emf induced in the ring at time t= 5.00x10-3 s. What is the polarity of the emf.
c) Because of the internal resistance of the ring current at t= 5.00x10-3 s is only 3 mA. Determine
the internal resistance of the ring.
d) Determine the emf in the ring at time t= 1.21x10-2 s. What is the polarity of the emf?
e) Determine the time at which the current through R reverses its direction.

: (a) B  BA  B0 r0 (1  3(t /t0 )  2(t /t0 ) ).

2 2 3

6B0 r02   t   t  
2
d B 2 d B0 r02        .
    B0 r0 (1  3(t /t0 )  2(t /t0 ) )  
2 3
(6(t /t0 )  6(t /t0 ) ).
2
t 0   t 0   t0  
(b) dt dt t0   At
 2 
6 B0 (0.0420 m)2   5.0  103 s   5.0  103 s  
        0.0665 V.
0.010 s  0.010 s 
t  5.0 103 s,    0.010 s    is positive so it is
counterclockwise.
  0.0665 V
I  Rtotal  r  R  r   12  10.2.
(c)
Rtotal I 3.0  103 A
2
(d) Evaluating the emf at t  1.2110 s and using the equations of part (b),   0.0676 V, and the
current flows clockwise, from b to a through the resistor.
  t 2  t  
0        . 1  t
  t0   t0  
(e)   0 when   and t  t0  0.010 s.
t0

3
At t  t0 , B  0. At t  5.00 10 s, B is in the k direction and is decreasing in magnitude. Lenz’s law
ˆ
ˆ
therefore says  is counterclockwise. At t  0.0121 s, B is in the k direction
and is increasing in magnitude. Lenz’s law therefore says  is clockwise. These results for the direction of
 agree with the results we obtained from Faraday’s law.
Q12- A long, straight solenoid with a cross sectional area of 8.00 cm2 is wound with 90 turns of wire per
centimeter, and the windings carry a current of 0.350 A. A second winding of 12 turns encircles the
solenoid at its center. The current in the solenoid is turned off such that the magnetic field of the
solenoid becomes zero in 0.0400s. What is the average induced emf in the second winding?

The magnetic field of a large straight solenoid is B  0nI inside the solenoid and zero outside.  B  BA,
2
where A is 8.00 cm , the cross-sectional area of the long straight solenoid.
 B NA( Bf  Bi ) NA0nI
 av  N   .
Execute: t t t

0 (12)(8.00  104 m2 )(9000 m1)(0.350 A)

 av   9.50  104 V.
0.0400 s

Q13- A 0.360 m long metal bar is pulled to the left by an applied force F. The bar rides on parallel metal
rails connected through a 45.0 Ω resistor as shown in figure, so the apparatus makes a complete circuit.
You can ignore the resistance of the bar and rails. The circuit is in a uniform 0.650 T magnetic field that is
directed out of the plane of the figure. At the instant when the bar is moving to the left at 5.90 m/s,
a) Is the induced current in the circuit clockwise or counterclockwise?
b) What is the rate at which the applied force is doing work on the bar?
Consider the same circuit however, the bar is moving to the right with speed v. The bar has length of
0.36 m, R=45.0 Ω, and B=0.650T.
 c) Is the induced current in the circuit clockwise or counterclockwise?
d) At an instant when the 45.0 Ω resistor is dissipating electrical energy at a rate of 0.840J/s, what
is the speed of the bar?

(a) B out of page and  B decreasing, so the field of the induced current is out of the page inside the loop
and the induced current is counterclockwise.
 BvL vB 2 L2
Fapplied  FB  ILB I  . Fapplied  .
(b) Combining and   BvL, we have R R R The rate at which this
2
(vBL) [(5.90 m/s)(0.650 T)(0.360 m)]2
Papplied  Fappliedv    0.0424 W.
force does work is R 45.0 

(c) B is out of the page and  B is increasing, so the field of the induced current is into the page inside
the loop and the induced current is clockwise.
PR 0.840 W IR (0.1366 A)(45.0 )
I   0.1366 A. I  emf  BvL . v    26.3 m/s.
PR  I 2 R R 45.0  R R BL (0.650 T)(0.360 m)
(d) so

Q14-A rectangle measuring 30.0 cm by 40.0 cm is located inside a region of a spatially uniform magnetic
field of 1.25 T, with the field perpendicular to the plane of the coil. The coil is pulled out at a steady rate
of 2.00 cm/s travelling perpendicular to the field lines. The region of the field ends abruptly as shown.
Find the emf induced in this coil when it is
a) All inside the field:
b) Partly inside the field;
c) All outside the field.
 (a) and (c) The magnetic flux is constant, so the induced emf is zero.
(b) The area inside the field is changing. If we let x be the length (along the 30.0-cm side) in the field,
then
A  (0.400 m) x.  B  BA  (0.400 m) x
  d  B /dt  B d[(0.400 m) x]/dt  B(0.400 m)dx/dt  B(0.400 m)v
  (1.25 T)(0.400 m)(0.0200 m/s)  0.0100 V

Q15- A circular loop of wire with radius r=0.025 m and resistance R =0.390Ω is in a region of spatially
uniform magnetic field, as shown in figure. The magnetic field is directed into the plane of the figure. At
t=0, B=0. The magnetic field then begins increasing, with B(t)=(0.380T/s3)t3. What is the current in the
loop (magnitude and direction) at the instant when B=1.33 T?

B is into the page and  B is increasing, so the field of the induced current is directed out of the page
inside the loop and the induced current is counterclockwise.
dB
  (0.0250 m)2 (0.380 T/s3 )(3t 2 )  (2.238 103 V/s2 )t 2 . I    (5.739  103 A/s2 )t 2 .
dB
    r2
dt dt R When
B  1.33 T,
we have 133 T  (0380 T/s )t , which gives t  1.518 s. At this t,
3 3

I  (5.739 103 A/s2 )(1.518 s)2  0.0132 A.

Q16-
The armature of a small generator consists of a flat, square coil with 120 turns and sides with a length of
1.60 cm. The coil rotates in a magnetic field of 0.750T. What is the angular speed of the coil if the
maximum emf produced is 24.0 Mv?

 max  NBA
 max 2.40  102 V
   10.4 rad/s
: NBA (120)(0.0750 T)(0.016 m)2

-----Chapter 30---------
Q17- A 7.00 uF capacitor is initially charged to a potential of 16.0 V. It is then connected in series with a
3.5 mH inductor.
a) What is the total energy stored in this circuit?
b) What is the maximum current in the inductor?
c) What is the charge on the capacitor plates at the instant the current in the inductor is maximal?

The energy stored in a capacitor is UC  12 Cv 2 . The energy stored in an inductor is U L  12 Li 2 .

Energy conservation requires that the total stored energy be constant.
The current is a maximum when the charge on the capacitor is zero and the energy stored in the
capacitor is zero.
(a) Initially v  160 V and i  0. U L  0 and UC  12 Cv2  12 (700 106 F)(160 V)2  896 104 J. The
total energy stored is 0.896 mJ.

(b) The current is maximum when q  0 and UC  0. UC  U L  896 104 J so U L  896 104 J.

2(896 104 J)
1 Li 2  896 104 J and imax   0691 A.
2 max
375 103 H

(c)
The maximum charge on the capacitor is Q  CV  112 C.

Q18- A 20.0 μF capacitor is charged by a 150V power supply, then disconnected from the power and
connected in series with a 0.280 mH inductor. Calculate:
a) The oscillation frequency of the circuit
b) The energy stored in the capacitor at time t=0 ms
c) The energy stored in the inductor at t=1.30 ms.

An L-C circuit oscillates, with the energy going back and forth between the inductor and capacitor.
(a) The frequency is
  1 1
f   , f  .
2 and LC giving 2 LC

1
f   213  103 Hz  213 kHz
3
2 (0280  10 H)(200  106 F)

U  12 CV 2 .
(b) The energy stored in a capacitor is
U  12 (200 106 F)(1500 V)2  0225 J
U  12 Li 2 .
(c): The current in the circuit is i  Q sin t , and the energy stored in the inductor is

First find  and Q.   2 f  1.336 10 rad/s.

4

Q  CV  (20.0 106 F)(150.0 V)  3.00 103 C

Now calculate the current:
i  (1.336 104 rad/s)(3.00 103 C)sin[(1.336 104 rad/s)(1.30 103 s)]
Notice that the argument of the sine is in radians, so convert it to degrees if necessary. The result is
i  39.92 A.
U  12 Li 2  12 (0280 103 H)(3992 A)2  0223 J
Now find the energy in the inductor:

Q19- A 35.0 V battery with negligible internal resistance, a 50.0Ω resistor, and a 1.25 mH inductor with
negligible resistance are all connected in series with an open switch. The switch is suddenly closed.
a) How long after closing the switch will the current through the inductor reach one-half of its
maximum value?
b) How long after closing the switch will the energy stored in the inductor reach one-half of its
maximum value?

i   /R(1  et/ ),
with   L/R. The energy stored in the inductor is
U  12 Li 2 .

The maximum current occurs after a long time and is equal to  /R.

(1  et/ )  12 et/  12 . t/  ln  12 .

(a) imax   /R so i  imax /2 when and

L ln 2 (ln 2)(1.25 103 H)

t   17.3s
R 50.0 

U  12 U max when i  imax / 2. 1  et/  1/ 2,

so e  1  1/ 2  0.2929. t  L ln(02929)/R  307 s.
t/
(b)

  L/R  2.50 105 s  25.0 s. The time in part (a) is 0692 and the time in part (b) is 123 .

Q20- An air filled toroidal solenoid has 300 turns of wire, a mean radius of 12.0 cm, and a cross
sectional area of 4.00 cm2. If the current is 5.00 A, calculate:
a) The magnetic field in the solenoid
b) The self-inductance of the solenoid
c) The energy stored in the magnetic field
d) The energy density in the magnetic field

(a) The magnetic field inside a toroidal solenoid is

 0 NI
B .
2 r

0 (300)(500 A)
B  250  103 T  250 mT
2 (0120 m)
(b)
The self-inductance of a toroidal solenoid is
0 N 2 A
L .
2 r

(4 107 T  m/A)(300)2 (400  104 m2 )

L  600  105 H
2 (0120 m)
(c) The energy stored in an inductor is

U L  12 LI 2 .

U L  12 (600 105 H)(500 A)2  750 104 J

(d): The energy density in a magnetic field is

B2
u .
2 0

(250 103 T) 2
u  249 J/m3
2(4 107 T  m/A)

(e)
energy energy 750  104 J
u    249 J/m3
volume 2 rA 2 (0120 m)(400  104 m2 )

An inductor stores its energy in the magnetic field inside of it.

Q21- A Long, straight solenoid has N turns, uniform cross sectional area A, and length l. Show that the
inductance of thus solenoid is given by the equation L=μoAN2/l. Assume that magnetic field is uniform
inside the solenoid and zero outside.
A metallic laboratory spring is typically 5.00 cm long and 0.150 cm in diameter and has 50 coils. If you
connect such a spring in an electric circuit, how much self-inductance must you include for it if you
model it as an ideal solenoid?

Use the definition of inductance and the geometry of a solenoid to derive its self-inductace.
The magnetic field inside a solenoid is
 N
B  0 i,
l
and the definition of self-inductance is
N B
L .
i
(a)
N N B  NAi
B  0 i, L  , B  0 .
l i and l
N B 0 N 2 A
L  .
Combining these expressions gives i l

(b)
0 N 2 A
L .
l
A   r 2   (00750 102 m)2  1767 106 m2.
(4  107 T  m/A)(50)2 (1.767  106 m2 )
L  1.11 107 H  0.111  H.
5.00  102 m
This is a physically reasonable value for self-inductance.

Q22- An air filled toroidal solenoid has a mean radius of 15.0 cm and a cross-sectional area of 5.00 cm2.
When the current is 12.0 A the energy stored is 0.390 J. How many turns does the winding have?

0 N 2 A
L ,
toroidal solenoid to be 2 r so once we know L we can solve for N.

2U 2(0390 J)
U  12 LI 2 so L    5417  103 H
I2 (120 A)2

2 rL 2 (0150 m)(5417  103 H)

N   2850.
0 A (4  107 T  m/A)(500  104 m2 )

-----Chapter 31---------
Q23- An L-R-C series circuit consists of a 2.5-μF capacitor, a 5.00mH inductor and a 75.0 Ω resistor
connected across an ac source of voltage amplitude 15.0 V having variable frequency.
a) Under what circumstances is the average power delivered to the circuit equal to 0.5VrmsIrms?
b) Under the conditions of part (a), what is the average power delivered to each circuit element
and what is the maximum current through the capacitor.

The average power depends on the phase angle  .

 The average power is
Pav  Vrms I rms cos ,
and the impedance is
2
 1 
Z  R2    L   .
 C

(a)
Pav  Vrms I rms cos  12 (Vrms I rms ),
which gives
cos  12 ,
so    /3  60. tan   ( X L  X C )/R, which gives tan60  (L  1/C)/R. Using
R  75.0 , L  5.00 mH
and C  2.50 µF and solving for  we get   28760 rad/s  28,800 rad/s.

(b)
Z  R2  ( X L  X C )2 ,
where X L  L  (28,760 rad/s)(5.00 mH)  144  and
X C  1/C  1/[(28,760 rad/s)(2.50 µF)]  13.9 ,
giving
Z  (75)  (144  13.9)  150 ;
2 2

I  V/Z  (15.0 V)/(150 )  0.100 A

and
Pav  12 VI cos  12 (15.0 V)(0.100 A)(1/2)  0.375 W.

Q24- An L-R-C series circuit has R=300Ω. At the frequency of the source, the inductor has reactance
XL=900Ω and the capacitor has reactance XC=500Ω. The amplitude of the voltage across the inductor is
450 V.
a) What is the amplitude of the voltage across the resistor?
b) What is the amplitude of the voltage across the capacitor?
c) What is the voltage amplitude of the source?
d) What is the rate at which the source is delivering electrical energy to the circuit?

We know R, X L , X C , and VL for a series L-R-C ac circuit. We want to find VR , VC , V and the power
delivered by the source.
VL
I ,
XL
V  IX , Pav  I rms R.
2

(a)
VL 450 V
I   0.500 A.
X L 900 VR  IR  (0500 A)(300)  150 V.

(b) VC  IX C  (0.500 A)(500)  250 V.

(c)
V  VR2  (VL  VC )2  (150 V)2  (450 V  250 V)2  250 V.

(d)
1 1 VR2 1 (150 V)2
Pav  I rms
2
R  I 2R    37.5 W.
2 2 R 2 300
The voltage amplitude of the source is not the sum of the voltage amplitudes of the other circuit
elements since the voltages have their maxima at different times and are hence out of phase.

Q25- A large electromagnetic coil is connected to a 120-Hz ac source. The coil has resistance 400 Ω, and
at this source frequency the coil has inductance reactance 250 Ω.
a) What is the inductance of the coil
b) What must the rms voltage of the source be if the coil is to consume an average electrical power
of 800 W.

X L   L. Pav  Vrms I rms cos

f  120 Hz;   2 f .

(a)
XL 250 
X L  L  L    0.332 H
 2 (120 Hz)

(b)

Z  R2  X L2  (400 )2  (250 )2  472 .

R V V2 R
cos   I rms  rms . Pav  rms ,
Z and Z Z Z so
Pav 800 W
Vrms  Z  (472 )  668 V.
R 400 

Vrms 668 V
I rms    1.415 A.
We can calculate Pav as I rms R  (1.415 A) (400)  800 W, which checks.
2 2
Z 472

Q26- A transformer connected to a120 V (rms) ac line is to supply 12.0 V (rms) to a portable electronic
device. The load resistance in the secondary is 5.00 Ω.
a) What should be the ratio of primary to secondary turns of the transformer be?
b) What rms current must the secondary supply?
c) What average power is delivered to the load?
d) What resistance connected directly across the 120 V line would draw the same power as the
transformer?
Eq. (31.35) relates the primary and secondary voltages to the number of turns in each. I  V/R and the
power consumed in the resistive load is I rms  Vrms /R. Let I1, V1 and I 2 , V2 be rms values for the primary
2 2

and secondary.

(a)
V2 N 2 N V 120 V
 so 1  1   10
V1 N1 N 2 V2 12.0 V
(b)
V2 120 V
I2    240 A
R 500 

(c) Pav  I 2 R  (240 A) (500 )  288 W

2 2

(d) The power drawn from the line by the transformer is the 28.8 W that is delivered by the load.
V12 V 2 (120 V)2
Pav  so R  1   500 
R Pav 288 W
And
2
 N1 
 (500 )  (10) (500 )  500 ,
2

 2
N
as was to be shown.

Q27- A series ac circuit contains a 250 Ω resistor, a 15 mH inductor, a 3.5 μF capacitor, and an ac power
source of voltage amplitude 45 V operating at an angular frequency of 360 rad/s.
a) What is the power factor of the circuit?\
b) Find the average power delivered to the entire circuit.
c) What is the average power delivered to the resistor, to the capacitor , and to the inductor.
The angular frequency and the capacitance can be used to calculate the reactance X C of the capacitor.
The angular frequency and the inductance can be used to calculate the reactance X L of the inductor.
Calculate the phase angle  and then the power factor is cos. Calculate the impedance of the circuit
and then the rms current in the circuit. The average power is Pav  Vrms I rms cos. On the average no power
is consumed in the capacitor or the inductor, it is all consumed in the resistor.

The source has rms voltage

V 45 V
Vrms    318 V.
2 2

(a)
X L   L  (360 rad/s)(15 103 H)  54 .
1 1
XC    794 .
C (360 rad/s)(35 106 F)
X L  X C 54   794 
tan   
R 250 
and   72 4.
The power factor is
cos  0302.
(b)
Z  R2  ( X L  X C )2  (250 )2  (54   794 )2  827 .
Vrms 318 V
I rms    00385 A.
Z 827 Pav  Vrms I rms cos  (318 V)(00385 A)(0302)  0370 W.

(c) The average power delivered to the resistor is

Pav  I rms
2
R  (00385 A)2 (250)  0370 W.
The average power delivered to the capacitor and to the inductor is zero.

Q28_ In an L-R-C series circuit, the components have the following values: L=20 mH, C=140 nF, and
R=350Ω. The generator has an rms voltage of 120 V and a frequency of 1.25 kHz. Determine
a) The power supplied by the generator
b) The power dissipated in the resistor.
The average power supplied by the source is Pav  Vrms I rms cos. The power consumed in the resistance is
Pav  I rms
2
R.

  2 f  2 (125 103 Hz)  7854 103 rad/s. X L   L  157 .

1
XC   909 .
C

(a) First, let us find the phase angle between the voltage and the current:

X L  X C 157  909 
tan   
R 350  and
  6504. The impedance of the circuit is

Z  R2  ( X L  X C )2  (350 )2  (752 )2  830 .

The average power provided by the generator is then
2
Vrms (120 V)2
Pav  Vrms I rms cos( )  cos( )  cos(6504)  732 W.
Z 830 
(b)
The average power dissipated by the resistor is
2
 120 V 
PR  I rms
2
R  (350 )  732 W.
 830  