Scribd
Upload
2 views38 pages

Normal Distribution

The document discusses the characteristics and properties of normal random variables, including the construction of normal curves and identification of regions under the curve. It provides examples of calculating probabilities using z-scores for different scenarios, such as employee debts and ages of bank managers. Additionally, it explains the conversion of normal distributions to z-values and includes calculations to assess claims made by manufacturers.

Uploaded by

Elmer John Vergara
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
2 views38 pages

Normal Distribution

The document discusses the characteristics and properties of normal random variables, including the construction of normal curves and identification of regions under the curve. It provides examples of calculating probabilities using z-scores for different scenarios, such as employee debts and ages of bank managers. Additionally, it explains the conversion of normal distributions to z-values and includes calculations to assess claims made by manufacturers.

Uploaded by

Elmer John Vergara
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 38

•Illustrate a normal random variable and its

characteristics.
•Construct a normal curve.
•Identify regions under the normal curve
corresponding top different standard normal
values.
•Solves problems involving normal
distribution.
•Bell-shaped
•Symmetric
•Unimodal
•Continuous
•Central Tendency are equal
•The total area under the normal curve
is 1.00 or 100%.
•The mean and the standard deviation
describes the distribution.
TOTAL AREA
UNDER NORMAL
CURVE IS EQUAL
TO 1 or 100%
𝑃(𝑧) = 𝜃

Determine 𝑃(𝑧 < 0.97)


𝑃(𝑧 < 0.97) = 0.83398
𝑃(𝑧) = 1 − 𝜃

Determine 𝑃 𝑧 > 0.72


𝑃(𝑧 > 0.72) = 1 − 0.76424 = 0.23576
𝑃(𝑧) = 𝜃2 − 𝜃1
Determine 𝑃(−2.95 < 𝑧 < 1.35)
𝜽𝟏 : 𝑧 (−2.95) = 0.00159
𝜽𝟐 : 𝑧 (1.35) = 0.91149

𝑃 −2.95 < 𝑧 < 1.35 = 0.91149 − 0.0015


= 0.9099
𝑃(𝑧) = 𝜃1 + (1 − 𝜃2 )
Determine 𝑃(−2.95 > 𝑧 > 1.35)
𝜃1 : 𝑧 (−2.95) = 0.00159
𝜃2 : 𝑧 (1.35) = 0.91149

𝑃(−2.95 > 𝑧 > 1.35) = 0.00159 + (1 − 0.91149)


= 0.00159 + 0.08851
= 0.0901
1. 𝑃(𝑧 < 0.45)
2. 𝑃(−1.69 < 𝑧 < 0.45)
3. 𝑃(𝑧 > 2.85)
4. 𝑃(−1.69 > 𝑧 > 0.45)
5. 𝑃(𝑧 < −3.2)
It refers to the conversion of
normal distribution by obtaining
the 𝒛 value. A z value is the signed
distance between a selected
value, designated 𝑥, and the mean
(µ) divided by the SD. It is also
called z-score.
𝒙 = The µ = Mean
value of any Distribution
observation.

𝝈 = Standard
𝒛 = z value
Deviation
Example 1.
The average Pag-ibig salary loan
for RFS Pharmacy Inc. employees is
P23,000. If the debt is normally
distributed with standard deviation
of P2,500, find the probability that
the employee owes less than
P18,500.
where:
𝑧 = 𝑧 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒
𝑥 = 18,500
µ = 23,000
𝜎 = 2,500
where:
𝑧 = 𝑧 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒
𝑥 = 18,500
µ = 23,000
𝜎 = 2,500
where: 18,500 − 23,000
𝑧 = 𝑧 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 𝑧=
2,500
𝑥 = 18,500 𝑧 = −1.80
µ = 23,000
𝜎 = 2,500 𝑃(𝑧 < −1.80) = 0.03593
Therefore, the probability that
the employee owes less than
P18,500 is 3.59%.
Example 2.
The average age of bank managers is
40 years. Assume the variable is
normally distributed. If the standard
deviation is 5 years, find the probability
that the age of a randomly selected
bank manager will be in the range
between 35 and 46 years old.
where:
𝑧 = 𝑧 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒
𝑥1 = 35
𝑥2 = 46
µ = 40
𝜎=5
where:
𝑧 = 𝑧 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒
𝑥1 = 35
𝑥2 = 46
µ = 40
𝜎=5
35 − 40 46 − 40
z1 = z2 =
5 5
z1 = −1.00 z2 = 1.20

P( z1 ) = 0.15866 P( z2 ) = 0.88493
P ( −1.00  z  1.20 ) = 0.88493 – 0.15866
P ( −1.00  z  1.20 ) = 0.72627
Therefore, the probability that the age of a
randomly selected bank manager within the
range is 72.63%.
x−
z=

N
𝒙 = The value of µ = Mean
any observation.
x− Distribution

z=
𝒛 = z value  𝝈 = Standard
Deviation
𝑁 = Population
size N
𝑿 = Frequency

=
 ( X − X ) 2

N −1
𝝈 = Sample Mean
A certain food manufacturer
claims that their 1 kilogram
products contains greater than
1000g. A (13) samples where
taken and does have the following
data:
=
(X − X ) 2

N −1
293.66
=
13 − 1
= 24.47
 = 4.95
x−
z= P( z  −2.08) = 0.01876

N
997.15 − 1000
=
4.95
13 Therefore, there is only 1.88%
−2.85 that the claim of the food
=
1.37 manufacturer is true
z = −2.08

You might also like