GREEN VC

2023

The 7th International Symposium on

Green Technology for Value Chains

“Unlocking a Sustainable Future trough Green

Technology Innovations”

in conjunctions with
Workshop on Building Competency-Based Entrepreneurship on
Research and Technology Innovation

14th-15th November 2023

Hybrid from KST Samaun Samadikun-BRIN, Bandung, Indonesia
 Opening Remarks by
Chair of Green VC

Distinguished speakers and delegates, ladies and gentlemen,

On behalf of the organizing committee and my behalf, I warmly

welcome all distinguished speakers and participants to the 7th
International Symposium on Green Technology for Value Chains
(GreenVC) with the theme of “Unlocking a Sustainable Future
through Green Technology Innovations”. This symposium is being
held in a hybrid format from Bandung and is organized by the
Research Center for Environmental and Clean Technology, The
National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN).

In conjunction with this symposium, we are holding the workshop

on” Building competency-based entrepreneurship on research and
technology innovations” to offer participants the necessary skills,
knowledge, and insight to succeed in the rapidly evolving field of
green technology-based entrepreneurship.

We are honoured to organize this symposium as 133 registered

participants along with 9 keynotes and 9 invited speakers from
across the world are participating in this event. During the two-day
symposium, there will be 5 presented topics covering green
technologies and environmental innovations.
We are also delighted as the selected papers will be considered for
publication in reputable international journals including the special
issue of the International Journal of Renewable Energy Development
as well as the regular issue of the Indonesian Journal of Chemistry.
All other accepted peer-reviewed papers will be published in the IOP
Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science and Jurnal
Teknologi Lingkungan. Here, I would like to acknowledge the
incredible support from our scientific and organizing committee as
well as sponsors from The Technology Service Centre (Pusyantek)
BRIN, PT Berca Niaga Medika, PT Horiba Indonesia, PT Maja Bintang
Indonesia, PT Galic Bina Mada, PT Siklus Mutiara Nusantara, PT Pura
Barutama, PT Insani Energi Utama, PT Wiralab Analitika Solusindo,
and PT Teknolab.

Finally, please accept my sincere apologies for any inconvenience

during the interaction of our assistance. I hope that all of you will
have a fruitful and rewarding deliberation at the GreenVC 2023 to
provide significant leverage in the environment, economy, and social
growth towards a sustainable future.

Athanasia Amanda Septevani Ph.D

Chair of GreenVC 2023

 Opening Remarks by
Head of Research Center for
Environmental and Clean Technology

Welcome to The 7th International Symposium on Green

Technology for Value Chains (GreenVC). This is an annual
international symposium since 2016 that consistently gathers
experts, practitioners, academics, and government to share
knowledge, exchange experiences, and information through
meaningful discussions on the latest innovations and technologies
in environmental issues. Moreover, this moment holds the potential
to foster exciting new collaborations among participants.

This year, the 7th International Symposium GreenVC, hosted by the

Research Center for Environmental and Clean Technology, National
Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) held on 14-15 November
2023, hybrid from Bandung.

In line with the theme of this year, we all believe that green
technologies have opened a path toward sustainable growth that
can reduce and mitigate the negative human impact on the natural
environment. As the world of technologies continues to advance,
the benefits of green technologies go beyond just the environment.
Access to resources and services can also be improved through
green technologies, elevating quality of life. In the long run, green
technologies can be a financial win for individuals as well as the
planet.
On this occasion, I would like to extend my sincere gratitude to the
organizing committee for their dedication and hard work in
organizing this event. Special thanks go to keynote and invited
speakers, distinguished guests, and sponsors who have traveled a
long distance to contribute and fully support this symposium.
Finally, I wish all participants to have an extremely successful and
fruitful meeting, also initiating new collaboration at the GreenVC
2023.

Dr. Handy Chandra

Head of Research Center for Environmental and Clean Technology

 Welcoming Remarks by
Head of Research Organization Life
Science and Environment BRIN

I am honored to welcome all distinguished speakers, delegates, and

participants to the 7th International Symposium on Green
Technology for Value Chains (GreenVC). I sincerely appreciate
your effort to collaborate with both in-person as well as virtual
attendees at this symposium.

This GreenVC 2023 is the second international symposium

coordinated under The National Research and Innovation Agency
(Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional/ BRIN) since 2022. Under the new
Presidential Decree No. 78 in 2021, BRIN became the sole national
research agency of Indonesia by the synergies of 5 main research
institutes/ministries. BRIN becomes a platform for national and
global collaboration through its open-access infrastructure and
research opportunities for academics, industries, and related
stakeholders to expand research and innovation accessibility.

There are 12 Research Organizations in BRIN including the

Organization Research of Life Science and Environment. One of our
stands aims to be frontiers to conduct and bridge those
accelerations on environmentally friendly technology and
innovations.
I do hope this GreenVC 2023 becomes an excellent platform to
explore the environmental and clean technology innovations for
sustainable resources in the future. Through this symposium we
expect the experience sharing and scientific communication could
be built to strengthen the global network between academicians,
researchers, and environmental organizations.

I also wish to extend our thanks to the organizers for their great
commitment to running all aspects of this huge symposium and
successfully coordinating all distinguished experts from all over the
globe through their networking. I hope that you can find the
meeting valuable, enjoy meeting up with old friends, as well as
broaden new contacts.

Dr. Iman Hidayat

Head of Research Organization Life Science and Environment BRIN

 MAIN RUNDOWN

1st Day (November 14th, 2023)

Time Program Duration

1st Day (November 14th, 2023)
07:30 - 08:00 REGISTRATION 00:30
08:00 - 08:05 OPENING 00:05
08:05 - 08:10 National Anthem 00:05

Opening Speech 1:
Athanasia Amanda Septevani, Ph.D
08:10 - 08:20 (Chair of the 7th International Symposium on 00:10
Green Technology for Value Chains
(GreenVC))

Opening Speech 2:
Dr. Handy Chandra, S.T., M.T.
08:20 - 08:30 00:10
(Head of Research Center for Environmental
and Clean Technology, BRIN)

Opening Speech 3:
08:30 - 08:40 Head of Research Organization for Life 00:10
Sciences and Environment, BRIN

08:40 - 08:45 Photo Session 00:05

08:45 - 08:50 KEYNOTE SPEECH SESSION 00:05
Keynote Day 1 (ONLINE)
Keynote Speaker 1: Prof Benjamin Hsiao
Stony Brook University, USA.
08:50 - 09:35 "From Waste to Harvest: New Circular 00:45
Solutions for Agriculture"
Moderator:
Dr. Muhamad Nasir, M.Si.
 Time Program Duration
1st Day (November 14th, 2023)
Keynote Day 1 (OFFLINE)
Keynote Speaker 2: Prof. Taro Yamauchi
Hokkaido University, Japan
09:35 - 10:20 "Community-based WASH Research: A 00:45
Global Sanitation Project Revisit"
Moderator:
Dr. Muhamad Nasir, M.Si.
10:20 - 10:25 Photo Session 00:05
10:25 - 10:40 Coffee Break 00:15
10:40 - 10:45 KEYNOTE SPEECH SESSION 00:05
Keynote Day 1: (OFFLINE)
Keynote Speaker 3: Dr. Tasdiyanto
Ministry of Environment and Forestry,
Indonesia
10:45 - 11:30 00:45
"The New Perspective for Natural
Resources Economic"
Moderator:
Dr. rer. nat. Neni Sintawardani
Keynote Day 1 (OFFLINE)
Keynote Speaker 4: Prof. Ir. Edwan Kardena,
Ph.D.
Bandung Institute of Technology (ITB),
11:30 - 12:15 Indonesia 00:45
“Site Bio-remediation: Procedure and
Methods, Indonesian Context”
Moderator:
Dr. rer. nat. Neni Sintawardani
12:15 - 12:20 Photo Session 00:05
12:20 - 13:20 LUNCH BREAK 01:00
WORKSHOP
13:20 - 16:55 PARALEL SESSION 03:35
SESSION
Room A (E03-E06) Mainhall
Moderator:
Dr. Widyarani
 Time Program Duration
1st Day (November 14th,2023)
Room B (E04-D02)
Moderator: Dr. Sandia
Primeia
Room C (D13-D06)
Moderator: Mariska Pitoy,
M.Sc
Room D (D07-A06)
Moderator: Willy Cahya
Nugraha Ph.D
Room E (A10-A23)
Moderator: Astried
Sunaryani S.Si, M.T.
Room F (A26-B12)
Moderator: Dr. Ahmad
Shoiful
Room G (B13-C10)
Moderator: Nurfitri Abdul
Gafur, Ph.D
16:55 - 17:15 Closing Day 1 00:20
 MAIN RUNDOWN

2nd Day (November 15th, 2023)

Time Program Duration

2nd Day (November 15th, 2023)
07:30 - 08:00 REGISTRATION 00:30
08:00 - 08:05 OPENING 00:05
08:05 - 08:10 KEYNOTE SPEECH SESSION 00:05
Keynote Day 2: (OFFLINE)
Keynote Speaker 5: Dr. Shamilla Azman
University of Technology Malaysia
08:10 - 08:55 "Microplastic: Tiny Emerging 00:45
Underestimated Threat"
Moderator:
Leonard Wijaya, Ph.D
Keynote Day 2 (ONLINE)
Keynote Speaker 6: Prof. Shameen Jinadasa,
University of Peradenia Sri Lanka
08:55 - 09:40 “Water Quality Management and 00:45
Community Engagement”
Moderator:
Leonard Wijaya, Ph.D
09:40 - 09:45 Photo Session 00:05
09:45 - 10:00 Coffee Break 00:15
10:00 - 10:05 KEYNOTE SPEECH SESSION 00:05
Keynote Day 2: (ONLINE)
Keynote Speaker 7: Dr. Nasim Amiralian,
The University of Queensland, Australia
10:05 - 10:50 "Nanocellulose derived from non-wood 00:45
resources."
Moderator:
Dr. Desak Gede Sri Andayani M.Si.
Time Program Duration
2nd Day (November 15th, 2023)
Keynote Day 2 (ONLINE)
Keynote Speaker 8: Prof Jhy-Chern Liu,
National Taiwan University of Science and
Technology, Taiwan
10:50 - 11:35 00:45
"Microwave-Assisted Leaching of Rare
Earth Elements from Phosphogypsum"
Moderator:
Dr. Desak Gede Sri Andayani M.Si.
Keynote Day 2 (OFFLINE)
Keynote Speaker 9: Ferdi Ferdian Kusnadi,
STP
Country Sales Manager PT Berca Niaga
11:35 - 12:20 Medika, Indonesia 00:45
“GCMS/MS Technology for Dioxin & Furan
Analysis”
Moderator:
Dr. Desak Gede Sri Andayani M.Si.
12:20 - 12:25 Photo Session 00:05
12:25 - 13:25 LUNCH BREAK 01:00
13:25 - 16:15 PARALEL SESSION 02:50
Mainhall (Invited Speaker)
Moderator: Dr. Hanies Ambarsari
Mainhall (A01-A30)
Moderator: Hanny Meirinawati, S.Si, M.Si
Room C (A31-A36)
Moderator: Dr. Muammar Qadafi
Room D (B06-B22)
Moderator: Dr. Monna Rozanna
Room F (B23-B32)
Moderator: Hidawati M.Si.
Room A (C02-C16)
Moderator: Dr. Arini Wresta
16:15 - 16:45 Awards Inauguration 00:30
16:45 - 17:00 Closing Remarks 00:15
 Time Program Duration
2nd Day (November 15th, 2023)
17:00 - 17:15 Photo Session - Closing 00:15

Join zoom meeting for day 1:

https://zoom.us/j/95381861744?pwd=RlRNUlp3U1d0M3AzR3ZEeG1BS3lNUT09

Meeting ID: 953 8186 1744

Passcode: 068190

Join zoom meeting for day 2:

https://zoom.us/j/98759140130?pwd=YVVCMmErMms5Sndyam1hYjZSQWFTUT09

Meeting ID: 987 5914 0130

Passcode: 447838
 Room Room Room Room Room Room Room
A B C D E F G
Tower B
Time 2 floor - Tower B Tower B 1 Tower B 1 Tower B Tower B 4 Tower B
nd st st th

Class 2nd floor - floor- VIP floor- 2nd floor- floor- 4th floor-
Room Room 1.2 Room Room 1.1 Room 2.1 Room 4.2 Room 4.2

13:20 13:25 Announcement for Paralel Session

Venue: Zoom Meeting
(ONLINE MEETING)
Venue: Tower B -Class Room 2nd Floor
Dr. GW Geerling
(HYBRID MEETING)
Radboud University, Netherlands
Dr. rer. nat. Neni Sintawardani
"Water and Human Health: A Call
National Research and Innovation Agency, Indonesia
for Collaborative Co-Management"
"Sustainable Value Chains for Off-Grid Sanitation
Technologies: Challenges and Opportunities"
Moderator: Astried Sunaryani S.Si,
M.T.
Moderator: Dr. Widyarani

13:25 13:55 Note:

Note:
Offline presenters are expected to
Offline presenters are expected to proceed directly to
proceed directly to their respective
their respective rooms prior to the commencement of
rooms prior to the commencement of
the event.
the event.
Online participants have the option to select a
Online participants have the option to
breakout room after attending the presentation by the
select a breakout room after attending
invited speaker.
the presentation by the invited
speaker.

hybrid hybrid
online online online online online

13:55 14:10 E06 E04 D13 D07 A10 A26 B13

14:10 14:25 E13 E07 D14 D09 A11 B02 B15

14:25 14:40 E11 E08 D19 D11 A13 B03 B19

14:40 14:55 E12 E09 B28 D17 A14 B04 B21

14:55 15:10 E15 E10 D25 D20 A15 B05 C01

15:10 15:25 E18 E14 D26 D23 A16 B07 C04

15:25 15:40 Coffee break

15:40 15:55 E21 E16 D28 A02 A18 B10 C05

15:55 16:10 E01 E17 D03 A04 A19 B09 C07

16:10 16:25 E02 E19 D04 A05 A22 B11 C09

16:25 16:40 E03 D02 D06 A06 A23 B12 C10

16:40 16:55 Proceed to Mainhall

 Mainhall Room C Room D Room F Room A
Time Tower B 1st Tower B 1st Tower B 4th
Tower B 2nd floor - Class
Main hall floor - VIP floor - Room floor - Room
room
Room 1.1 4.2

13:25 13:30 Announcement for Paralel Session

Venue: Mainhall
(OFFLINE MEETING)
Dr. Eng. Diana Venue: Zoom Meeting
Rahayuning Wulan (ONLINE MEETING) Venue: Zoom Meeting
National Research and Dr. Annalisa Chiappone (ONLINE MEETING)
Innovation Agency, Universit’a di Cagliari, Italy Dr. Latifah Jasmani
Indonesia ”DLP 3D printing of Bio- Forest Research Institute, Malaysia
“Green Technology Based Covalent Adaptive "Sustainable Pulp and Paper
Approach on Supporting Networks" Technology: Advancing the
Environmental Circular Economy"
Monitoring” Moderator: Dr. Monna
Rozana Moderator: Dr. Arini Wresta
13:30 14:00 Moderator: Dr. Hanies
Ambarsari Note: Note:
Offline presenters are Offline presenters are expected to
Note: expected to proceed directly proceed directly to their respective
Offline presenters are to their respective rooms rooms prior to the commencement of
expected to proceed directly prior to the commencement the event.
to their respective rooms of the event.
prior to the commencement
of the event.

offline offline offline offline offline

14:00 14:15 A01 A31 B06 B23 C02

14:15 14:30 A08 A32 B16 B25 C11

14:30 14:45 A09 A33 B17 B26 C12

14:45 15:00 A20 A34 B18 D22 C13

15:00 15:15 A21 A35 B20 B30 C14

15:15 15:30 A30 A36 B22 B31 C15

15:30 15:45 B32 C16

15:45 16:00 Coffee Break

16:00 16:15 Proceed to mainhall

(code) Blue color, offline presenters

(code) White color, online presenters
 WORKSHOP RUNDOWN
Building Competency-Based Entrepreneurship on Research and
Technology Innovations
Time Program Duration
14 November 2023
13:20 - 13:25 WORKSHOP SESSION OPENING 00:05
Workshop Speaker 1: Deni Rusyana, S.AP.,
M.S.E.
West Java Investment and One-Stop
Integrated Service Office (DPMPTSP) of West
13:25 - 13:55 00:30
Java Province, Indonesia

Moderator:
Dr. Ir. Wahyu Purwanta, MT.
Workshop Speaker 2: Ir. Nusa Idaman Said
M. Eng.
Research Center for Environmental and Clean
13:55 - 14:25 Technology - BRIN, Indonesia 00:30

Moderator:
Dr. Ir. Wahyu Purwanta, MT.
14:25 - 14:55 Discussion 00:30
14:55 - 15:00 Photo Session 00:05
15:00 - 15:15 Coffee break 00:15
15:15 - 15:20 WORKSHOP SESSION 00:05
Workshop Speaker 3: Rendi Aditia Wachid,
B. Arch., MBA.
ParongPong Raw Lab.; Rawhaus; Conture
Concrete; Tokopong and Coop; Materia
15:20 - 15:50 00:30
Indonesia; and Sisa Associates – Indonesia

Moderator:
Dr. Ir. Wahyu Purwanta, MT.
 Workshop Speaker 4: Budi Yuliadi Nugraha,
S.T., MBA.
PT Solusi Bangun Indonesia Tbk (a Member
15:50 - 16:20 of Semen Indonesia Group), Indonesia 00:30

Moderator:
Dr. Ir. Wahyu Purwanta, MT.
16:20 - 16:50 Discussion 00:30
16:50 - 16:55 Photo Session 00:05

➢ Keynote Speakers
Code Name Affiliation Country
KS-1 Prof. Benjamin Hsiao Stony Brook University, USA
KS-2 Prof. Taro Yamauchi Hokkaido University Japan
KS-3 Dr. Tasdiyanto Ministry of Environment and Indonesia
Forestry, Indonesia
KS-4 Prof. Ir. Edwan Kardena, Bandung Institute of Indonesia
Ph.D Technology (ITB)
KS-5 Dr. Shamilla Azman University of Technology Malaysia
Malaysia
KS-6 Prof. Shameen Jinadasa University of Peradenia Sri Sri Lanka
Lanka
KS-7 Dr. Nasim Amiralian The University of Australia
Queensland
KS-8 Prof Jhy-Chern Liu National Taiwan University of Taiwan
Science and Technology
KS-9 Ferdi Ferdian Kusnadi, Country Sales Manager PT Indonesia
STP Berca Niaga Medika

➢ Invited Speakers
Code Name Affiliation Country
IS-1 Dr. rer. nat. Neni National Research and Indonesia
Sintawardani Innovation Agency
IS-2 Dr. GW Geerling Radboud University Netherlands
IS-3 Dr. Eng. Diana National Research and Indonesia
Rahayuning Wulan Innovation Agency
IS-4 Dr. Annalisa Chiappone Universit’a di Cagliari, Italy Italy
IS-5 Dr. Latifah Jasmani Forest Research Institute Malaysia
 ORAL PRESENTER

No Code Presenter Title

1 A01 Eddy susanto Effect of acid mine drainage on the
environment and society
2 A02 Fika Rofiek Electrocoagulation In Wastewater from
Mufakhir Spent-Batteries Recycling
3 A04 Efadeswarni Rice Husk Charcoal as Biocarrier for
Mercury Degrading Bacteria
4 A05 Muhammad Rizki Screening Potential Plant in The Mining
Firdaus Fasya Gold Area for Phytoremediation
Approach
5 A06 Indra Sakti Composite Synthesis Based on Starch
Pangestu and Lignoseulose Material from Rice
Straw Using Cold Plasma Technology
6 A08 Hans Kristianto Removal of Congo red and Tartrazine
binary mixtures using Leucaena
leucocephala seed’s extract as natural
coagulant
7 A09 Ardie Septian Removal of Methyl Orange Dye from
Batik Wastewater Using Activated
Carbon and Fe (II) Activated Persulfate:
Coupled Sorption–Oxidation Kinetic
Model
8 A10 Basri Traditional Ecological Knowledge of the
Moronene Tribe: Insights into Forest
Conservation Practices in Bombana
Area, Southeast Sulawesi
9 A11 Nguyễn Minh Enhancement of Gaseous Toluene
Thuận Removal by Photocatalysis Using
Hydrothermal Synthesis Carbon
Nanodots/TiO2 Combined with Zeolite
ZSM-5
No Code Presenter Title
10 A13 Yosef Richo The Functional Sustainability Design
Adrianto Management of Green Open Spatial
Space Surabaya-Indonesia Tropical City
Park To Prevent Vandalism by Using
Simulation Concept of 3D Modelling
Technology and IoT Real Time Camera.
11 A14 Gusmailina Socialization integrated charcoal
technology and its benefits in Indonesia
12 A15 Aisyah Radionuclide Characterization and
Handling Strategy of Irradiated Fission
Product Material (FPM) Capsule Waste
from Molybdenum-99 Production
13 A16 Athaya Zahrani Identification Of Heavy Metal
Irmansyah Concentrations In Water Body Near
Landfill Area
14 A18 Taufikurahman Enhancing Phycoremediation of Tofu
Wastewater using Mixed Microalgae with
Salicylic Acid Elicitors
15 A19 Iwan Gunawan Pre- and Post-Landslide Analyses for
Tejakusuma Sustainable Development in Kiarapandak
Area, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia
16 A20 Anita Oktari Effect of Variation of Growth Media on
The Content of Carbohydrate, Protein
and Fat Magot Black Soldier Fly (
Hermetia illucens
17 A21 Sindy Allaam C S-BESE: strategy to improve the quality
of life in the coastal areas
18 A22 Gunawan Synthesis of ferrate by electrolysis of iron
at extreme pH for remediation of aquatic
environments from dye and antibiotic
wastes
19 A23 Ratna Stia Dewi Fungi as Bioremediation and sustainable
Energy Production Agents: Mercury
Reduction using Isolatesnnof Indigenous
Fungi from Gold Mining in
Kedungbanteng, Banyumas
No Code Presenter Title
20 A26 Izzatun Nisa The Effectiveness of Combination of
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and
Compost Amelioran on Sengon Growth
in Former Coal Mine Soil
21 A30 Liyana Labiba A Double Linker ZIF-8-derived ZnO for
Zulfa Enhance Photocatalytic Performance of
Methylene Blue
22 A31 Alvin Romadhoni Modification of Ni doped bimetallic UiO-
Putra Hidayat 66 with Fe3O4@SiO2 for adsorption
congo red
23 A32 Karelius Facile Room Temperature Synthesis of
MIL-100(Fe) from Magnetic Waste of
Zircon Mining and Its Application for
Methylene Blue Removal
24 A33 Abdussalam Determinant Factor of Environmental
Ahmad Quality Based on Carbon Footprint
Levels in Asia Using Regression Model
and Jacobian Optimization Method
25 A34 Miftahul Jannah Solvothermal Synthesis of Zr-based
MOFs with Mixed Linker as Adsorbent for
Methyl Orange in Water
26 A35 Ummu Kulsum Facile Synthesis of Mesoporous Iron(III)
Oxide Supported Zinc Oxide Quantum
Dots (ZnO/Fe2O3 QDs) Based on MIL-
100(Fe) for Efficient Degradation of
Anionic Dyes
27 A36 Desindy Synergistic Adsorption-Photocatalytic
Ramadhani Putri Degradation of Methylene Blue by
Fe3O4/HKUST-1 Composite Modified
with Graphene Oxide
28 B02 Nidya Efficient Removal of Copper (II) Ions from
Chitraningrum Aqueous Solution Using KOH-Activated
Carbon-based Oil Palm Empty Fruit
Bunch Materials
No Code Presenter Title
29 B03 Yuliana Sari Increased Growth of Ferronickel Grains
with the Selective Reduction Method
Using a Biomass as Reductant
30 B04 Muh. Nur Khoiru Competitive Adsorption of Gold Ion in the
Wihadi Presence of Fe(III) Species on Mg/Al
Layered Double Hydroxides
31 B05 Istihanah Nurul In Situ Synthesis of Zinc Oxide
Eskani Nanoparticles from Electric Arc Furnace
Dust Waste for Functionalization of
Fabric: Optimization with Response
Surface Methodology
32 B06 Ernowo Energy Transition and Energy Metals
Resources in Indonesia
33 B07 Ali Rahmat Characteristics of Samanea saman
seeds Biochar at Different Pyrolysis
Temperatures
34 B09 Aulia Pertiwi Tri Effect Of pH Neutral On The Separation
Yuda Of Nickel And Cobalt From Laterite
Leaching Solution Using Cyanex 272
35 B10 Lita Darmayanti The Potential of Palm Frond-Based
Magnetic Biochar for Peat Water
Treatment
36 B14 Akhmad Rasyid Thermal Properties and FTIR
Syahputra Spectroscopy: Edible Film of Chitosan
Glycerol Utilizes Gamma Irradiation
37 B12 Dina Asmaul Evaluating the Physical Properties of
Chusniyah Charcoal Briquettes Mixture from
Coconut Dregs, Tea Dregs, and Tapioca
Flour
No Code Presenter Title
38 B13 Fransiska Sri Plant-based Zinc oxide nanostructure
Herwahyu and its antibacterial application
Krismastuti
39 B15 Susi Sulistia Synthesis and Characterization of
Coconut Coir Biochar as Potential
Adsorbent for Removal of
Pharmaceutical and Personal Care
Products in Waste Water
40 B16 Noor Athifah Synthesis and Characterization of
Dzahyrah Nanocomposites PVA/CMC/NFC as a
Sugandi Barrier Film Paper Packaging
41 B17 James Herbert Synthesis of Silica Nanoparticles Derived
from Oil Palm Boiler Ashes Using sol-gel
method.
42 B18 Abdul Halim Bacterial Nanocellulose for Sustainable
Self-Cooling Application
43 B19 Juliana Anggono Biocomposites reinforced with wood flour
and eggshell powder: Production and
properties
44 B20 Nathania Accelerated Biodegradation of Waste
Puspitasari Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) Fiber
by Recombinant Hydrophobin HGFI
Fused with Ideonella sakaiensis PETase
45 B21 Hafidawati Study of Improving the Quality of
Charcoal Briquettes Mixed to Sago
Waste and Balk as an Alternative Energy
Source
46 B22 Christian Julius Optimum and green fabrication of MIL-
Wijaya 100(Fe) for crystal violet dye removal
from aqueous solution
No Code Presenter Title
47 B23 Ivan Gunawan Building Resilience of the Green Supply
Chain in Apparel Industries
48 B25 Faisal Amri Improving hydrophobicity and oil barrier
Tanjung performance of paper by coating with
PVA/nanocellulose- based suspension
49 B26 Chintya Gunarto Pseudoternary phase diagram and
antimicrobial activity of microemulsion-
based castor oil and citronella oil
50 B28 Adam Jaya Maximizing vanillin loading into paper
substrate and its effect on the paper
mechanical properties
51 B30 R. Nida Sopiah Synthesis and Characterization of
Amorphous Silica Nanoparticles from
Municipal Solid Waste Incineration
(MSWI)Fly Ash Bantargebang Bekasi
52 B31 Nuhaa In situ green synthesis of composite MOF
Faaizatunnisa magnetic structured (Fe@Si/MIL-100(Fe)
to improve adsorption dyes
53 B32 Sri Handayani Salutation of Curcuma Extract Using
Maltodextrin for Health Supplements
54 C01 Nudia Tuljannah Properties of Hydrogel for Absorbent
Textile Dye Waste Based Cellulose-
Carboxymethyl Sagoo Starch
55 C02 Ekaputra Agung PLTBg Investment Analysis from
Priantoro Agricultural Organic Waste to produce
Electrical Energy: Preliminary Potential
Analysis Study and Investment in the
Caringin Main Market, Bandung
56 C04 Arini Wresta Start-up Characteristic of Three Stages
Anaerobic Reactor Treating Tofu Whey
for Biogas Production
57 C05 Muhammad Utilization of Traditional Market Solid
Faris Rifandi Waste and Laundry Wastewater Into
Hydrochar Using Hydrothermal
Carbonization
No Code Presenter Title
58 C07 Taufik Enhancing Aquaponic Cultivation in
Taufikurahman Indonesia: A Comparative Study of
Bioball Biofilters with Different Additives
59 C09 Widya Aryani M Investigating the Potential of Deep
Eutectic Solvents for Metal Recovery
from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries
60 C10 Halimatus Decolorization of Batik Pekalongan
Sa'diyah Wastewater Using Aspergillus sp.
Immobilized Luffa at Different Incubation
Time and Inoculum Types
61 C11 Isnaini Modifying Norm Activation Model (NAM)
Nurisusilawati to See The Effect of Technology on Food
Waste Management Behavior
62 C12 Teta Fathya Effect of Particle Size, Temperature, and
Widawati Activated Carbon to Feedstock Ratio on
Products Yield in Microwave-Assisted
Pyrolysis of Sargassum sp.
63 C13 Sulista From waste to an added-value
commodity: challenges in valorization
opportunity of tin-residual sand for silica-
based industry
64 C14 Ardi Ardiansyah Adsorption of Pb(II) ion using Biosorbent
derived Pineapple Peel Waste
65 C15 Maria Yuliana Potential Conversion of Coconut Husk-
waste to Magnetic Cellulose Designed for
Synthetic Dye Removal
66 C16 Muhammad Preliminary findings on the potential of
Haqqiyuddin converting municipal solid waste into
Robbani refuse-derived fuel as an alternative
renewable energy source from the
Jakarta waste case study
67 D02 Yesi Hendriani Indonesia’s Green Economy Index: An
Supartoyo Overview
68 D03 Kisman Karinda Climate change policy adaptation based
on global study evolution: An important
contribution to Indonesia
No Code Presenter Title
69 D04 Dwi Sarah Development of A Subsurface Monitoring
System for Land Subsidence Hazard in
the Bandung Basin: A Laboratory
Prototype
70 D06 Basri Occupational Disease Risk Assessment:
Arsenic Exposure in Artisanal and Small-
Scale Gold Mining Sites, Bombana Area,
Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia
71 D07 Fajar yudi Mapping the vicious-cycles of community
prabawa gold mining (CGM): case study of the
CGM sites at Sukabumi Regency,
Indonesia
72 D09 Jalu Tejo Comparison of the Naïve Bayes and the
Nugroho Nearest Neighbor Method to Detect
Vegetation in Some of the New Capital of
Indonesia (IKN)
73 D11 Rifka Noor Investigation of microbiological quality of
Azizah Indoor Air in an university campus due to
students returning after COVID-19
Restriction
74 D13 Tiny Agustini Arsenic contamination in rice
Koesmawati consumption in Bandung City-West Java
75 D14 Satmoko Yudo Determining the Water Quality Status of
the Serayu River from Continuous Online
Monitoring measurements.
76 D17 Ikhsan Budi A Comparative Study on
Wahyono Bioaccumulation and Depuration Kinetics
of Zinc by Fish and Crustacean Exposed
to Multiple Concentrations using
Radioisotope Tracer
77 D19 Rizky Pratama Estimating CO2 Emission from Fly Ash
Adhi and Bottom Ash Collection and Transport
from Thermal Waste Processing in
Jakarta
78 D20 Nurul Mawaddah Study of Waste Generation and
Composition on Pasaran Island,
Lampung, Indonesia
No Code Presenter Title
79 D22 Mariska Preliminary study of triclosan analysis in
Margaret Pitoi water: GC/ECD optimization
80 D23 Agung Riyadi Sediment Transport Model for
Sustainable Dredging of the Barito River
in Indonesia
81 D25 Yunita Indriyani Techno-Economic Feasibility Analysis of
Solar Power Plant at Putri Cempo Landfill
in Surakarta City
82 D26 Sri Sarjana Environmental Monitoring of the
Transportation Sector in Meta-Analytic
Study
83 D28 Reba Anindyajati Building a Resilient North Jakarta:
Pratama Integrating Social Preferences for
Effective Adaptation and Mitigation
Strategy in the Climate Change Era
84 E01 Basri Climate Crisis: Investigating the
Consequences of Climate Change on
Clean Water Shortages in Rural Areas of
Makassar City
85 E02 Septian Ammonium Removal From Contaminated
Azamudin Ahsan Water Using Zeolite
86 E03 Rizka Maria Potential Toxic Element and Source
Identification of Heavy Metals in the
Hyporheic Zone in Cirasea Sub
Watershed. West Java, Indonesia
87 E04 Detizca Millenna Evaluation of Land Use and Geology
Nugraha Effect on Groundwater Quality
Characteristics in Bandung Metropolitan
Using a Hydrochemical and Statistical
Approach
88 E06 Akira Sai Mental Health Challenges Faced by
Urban Slum Sanitation Workers in
Indonesia
89 E07 Nicco Plamonia Penstock Pipe’s Hydraulic Design for the
Mini Hydropower Plant at Besai Kemu,
Bukit Kemuning, Lampung, Indonesia
No Code Presenter Title
90 E08 Taty Anaerobic And Aerobic Biofilter Using
hernaningsih Honeycomb Plastic Tube Media for
Domestic Wastewater Treatment
91 E09 Mahmud Aditya Hand hygiene and child diarrhea in urban
Rifqi slum Indonesia during
the COVID-19 Pandemic
92 E10 Niken Hayudanti Modified Cellulose Adsorbent (AA-g-
Anggarini Cell/Bent.) for Uranium (VI) Removal:
Synthesis And Application
93 E11 Anna E Organic Matter Pollutant Removal Using
Persulessy Continuous Baffle Flow Electrochemical
Reactor Equipped with Al0-Al0
Electrodes Configuration
94 E12 Nico Halomoan Risks Of Sanitation and Water Supply In
Pontianak City Slum Settlements
95 E13 Ken Ushijima "Does the community-based water supply
system have cost merit?
Case in Hokkaido, Japan"
96 E14 Erni Johan Simple Sterilization of Rural Household
Water by LDH (Layered Double
Hydroxide)-embedded Sheet
97 E15 Wahyu Widiyono Development of low-energy irrigation
technology hydraulic and capillary for
horticulture cultivation
98 E16 Maghfira Citra The Influence of Wastewater
Ayundafarisa Concentration and Membrane Recovery
Rate on the Performance of
Nanofiltration Membrane in the
Reduction of Ammonia and Total
Dissolved Solids
99 E17 Andi Tilka Public Health and Water Scarcity: The
Muftiah Ridjal Spatial Distribution of Quarter-Disease
Patterns and Access to Clean and
Drinking Water in The Water-Scarce
Region of Makassar, Indonesia
No Code Presenter Title
100 E18 Nur Sri Wahyuni Abundance of Microplastics in Cisadane
Watershed
101 E19 Teguh Prayogo Status of Water Quality and Fertility of
The Waters of Nasi Breuh Strait Aceh
Besar District

102 E21 Arina Yuthi Quantifying antibiotic resistance in the

Apriyana River Almond Catchment Area: a
preliminary study at Blackburn
Wastewater Treatment Plant
GREEN VC
2023
 KEYNOTE SPEAKER 1

Prof. Benjamin Hsiao

Professor of Chemistry, Director of Center for Integrated
Electric Energy Systems Stony Brook University

Dr. Benjamin S. Hsiao received his B.S. degree

in Chemical Engineering from National Taiwan
University, Ph.D. in Materials Science from
University of Connecticut, and post-doctorate
training in Polymer Science & Engineering at
University of Massachusetts. He joined DuPont
Company as a staff scientist and spent 8 years
in R&D before coming to Stony Brook
University (SBU). He served as Chair of the
Chemistry Department, Vice President for
Research and Chief Research Officer at SBU. Currently, Hsiao is a
Distinguished Professor in Chemistry and the Director of Center for
Integrated Electric Energy Systems, with the mission to enhance the
development of advanced technologies for the innovative nexus of
energy, food and water systems.
Hsiao has achieved national and international prominence in polymer
science. He published over 625 peer-reviewed scientific papers,
reviews and book chapters, obtained 59 issued patents with 25
pending patent applications, and edited 2 books. He was elected as
Fellow of American Association for the Advancement of Science
(AAAS), Fellow of American Chemical Society, Fellow of American
Physical Society, Fellow of Materials Research Society, Fellow of
National Academy of Inventors, AAAS-Lemelson Foundation Invention
Ambassador, and received DuPont Young Faculty Award, SUNY
Distinguished Professorship, Chang-Jiang Chair Professorship in
China, ACS Co-operative Research Award, NSF Special Creativity
Award, and The Prince Sultan bin Abdulaziz International Prize for
Water - The Creativity Prize.
Hsiao and his team developed a highly permeable membrane
technology using nanofibrous materials for a broad spectrum of
water purification applications, ranging from microfiltration to
reverse osmosis. His current research interests are focused on the
development of sustainable materials from underutilized biomass for
food security. In specific, he and his team have invented a simple
Nitro-Oxidation Process - a zero waste technology that can rapidly
convert a wide range of biowaste (e.g., food waste, animal waste, and
agriculture waste) into safe nutrients and growing media for farming.

From Waste to Harvest: New Circular Solutions for Agriculture

Benjamin S. Hsiao
Stony Brook University, USA
E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract.Current farming practices create a broken nutrient loop,

where most nutrients are lost into our environment or left behind in
agriculture residues, and animal and food waste, creating multiple
pollution problems. In this talk, we demonstrate a new approach that
can close the nutrient cycle using zero-waste nitro-oxidation
processing (NOP) technologies, capable of rapidly upcycling natural
organic waste into reproducible, sustainable, and safe fertilizers,
growing media, soil amendments and biogels for farming. In brief,
NOP can extract all nutrients (nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P),
potassium (K), macro- and micro-nutrients) from organic feedstocks
in a few hours, neutralizing the effluent into safe and effective
fertilizers, sterilizing all harmful human pathogens, while producing
no odor nor greenhouse gases. Furthermore, NOP can prepare
anionic nanocellulose scaffold that can be ionically cross-linked into
stable but biodegradable biogels using essential metal ions (macro-
and micronutrient) for plant growth. These NOP-derived biogels can
be used as effective additives to improve the water hold capacity of
fibrous substrates and soils, or as standalone growing media.
 KEYNOTE SPEAKER 2

Prof. Taro Yamauchi

Professor at the Faculty of Health Sciences / Director of the
Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido
University, Japan.

Taro Yamauchi is a Professor at the Faculty of

Health Sciences and Director at the Center for
Environmental and Health Sciences at
Hokkaido University, Japan. He holds a Ph.D.
in Health Sciences from tThe University of
Tokyo. He does intensive fieldwork in hunter-
gatherer societies, rural villages, and urban
slums in developing countries such as Papua
New Guinea, Solomon Islands, and Cameroon
with an aim to understand the lifestyle and
health of local populations and their adaptation to their living
environments. Through his position as the Project Leader for the
Sanitation Value Chain Study under the Research Institute of Humanity
and Nature, Japan, his research interests further expanded to include
global water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH). He has conducted
research extensively across the different populations: Asia (Indonesia,
Japan, India, Bangladesh) and Africa (Zambia, Burkina Faso,
Cameroon). He is also deeply involved in the global research platform,
Future Earth.

Community-based WASH Research: A Global Sanitation

Project Revisit
Taro Yamauchi
Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
E-mail address: [email protected]
Abstract. Sanitation is a complex issue that is deeply embedded in
culture and society. The traditional top-down approach to solving
sanitation issues is less effective, and a bottom-up approach from
the local perspective is crucial. The Sanitation Value Chain Project
was a five-year project conducted by the Research Institute for
Humanity and Nature in Japan, which aimed to co-create sanitation
systems with local stakeholders in small communities in Japan,
Indonesia, and three African countries.

We focused on field research conducted in Indonesia and Japan,

which provides the background and concept of our project, and
case studies. In an urban slum area of Indonesia, we established a
sanitation value chain system, which involved the installation of
composting toilets in a primary school. In this chain, human waste
was collected locally using existing networks and transported to
nearby farmers that grew flowers which were sold at local markets.
In Hokkaido, Japan, participatory action research was conducted in
a depopulated rural area by linking local high school students with
a local water use management association. The students drew a
map of the water pipelines of the water supply system maintained
and managed in the area.

From the case studies of co-creation of sanitation in Indonesia and

Japan, we emphasize that sanitation is a global issue that can be
solved through a shift from conventional centralized systems to
autonomous decentralized ones. It is important to recognize that
both the hardware (infrastructure) and software (changing people's
awareness, behavior, and social transformation) are crucial. Co-
creation with the youth of future generations is equally essential.

Keywords: bottom-up; co-creation; composting toilet;

decentralized system; participatory action research; value chain
 KEYNOTE SPEAKER 3

Dr. Tasdiyanto
Ministry of Environment and Forestry, Indonesia

Dr. Tasdiyanto , is a Senior Advisor to The

Minister for Natural Resources Economic,
Ministry of Environment and Forestry,
Republic of Indonesia, since 2021. Prior to
this position, he had experience serving
as Secretary General of the National
Commission Indonesian Human Rights
(Echelon Ia) in 2017 to 2021, Expert
Instructor in 2013 to 2017, and Head of
the Ecoregion Management Center of
Papua (Echelon II a) from 2012 to 2013, as well as several other
structural positions achieved in stages as a civil servant at the Ministry
of the Environment since 1996. Obtained a Doctorate in Environmental
Science from Gadjah Mada University (UGM) with cum laude honors
in 2010, with a dissertation "Dynamics of Environmental Culture in
Urban Communities". He earned a Master of Urban Management from
Hasanuddin University in 2014, and a Bachelor of Agricultural Science
from Padjadjaran University (UNPAD) in 1995.

The New Perspective for Natural Resources Economic

Dr. Tasdiyanto
Senior Advisor to The Minister for Natural Resources Economic,
Ministry of Environment and Forestry, Republic of Indonesia,
Jakarta, Indonesia
E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. The natural resource economics approach emphasizes the

need for a deep understanding of conservation and exploitation
perspectives. The Malthusian conservation and Richardian exploitation
perspectives have various advantages, but are deemed less
appropriate in more complex and dynamic contemporary systems.
The dialectic of these two perspectives constructs a new, more
contemporary perspective, namely Natural Resource
Enrichment/NRE. This perspective emphasizes adding value and
function to natural resources while simultaneously improving the
community's economy in a sustainable manner.

A review of environmental ethics and human rights in an

increasingly complex-dynamic system has emphasized the synergy
of wise application of anthropocentrism, biocentrism and
ecocentrism. This is based on the mandate of the 1945 Constitution
that the main goal of the State through the personification of the
Government is to fulfill the right to a good and healthy living
environment. At the same time, there is also a mandate to control
natural resources by the State for the greatest prosperity of the
people.

The urgency of conservation and adding value to ecosystem

services through the Natural Resources Enrichment/NRE approach
is a new necessity in managing natural resources and the
environment. Several concepts are in line, especially natural
tourism, bioprospecting, and circular economy in waste
management.

Keywords: exploitation; conservation; natural resource enrichment

 KEYNOTE SPEAKER 4

Prof. Ir. Edwan Kardena, Ph.D

Bandung Institute of Technology (ITB), Indonesia

Edwan Kardena is professor in Bioprocess for

Environmental Engineering and the current
Dean of the Faculty of Civil and Environmental
Engineering of Institut Teknologi Bandung. He
received PhD in Environmental Microbiology
from Cardiff University, UK in 1995. He then
conducted some short post-doctoral research
at Water Laboratory of UNSW; molecular
chemistry lab at Hokkaido University and
International Institute for Biotechnology
University of Kent at Canterbury during the period of 1996-1998.
Before appointed as Dean, He served as Director for International
Relations of ITB for more than 10 years. His research interest is in the
application of microbial processes for detoxification hazardous
organic pollutants in soil and in water. He published many papers in
international journals as well as book chapters, mainly in the area of
soil bioremediation. Outside campus Prof Kardena is also serves as an
expert in environmental remediation for the office of Ministry of
Environment and Forestry.

Site Bioremediations: Procedure And Methods, Indonesian

Context.
Prof. Ir. Edwan Kardena, Ph.D
Bandung Institute of Technology (ITB), Indonesia
E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract. Site contaminations can occur as a result of accidental

spillage, poor in-house keeping, and improper waste handling
practices in industrial activities in the past time. Indonesian
government has set up regulation no PP 22-year 2021 and Ministry of
Environmental and Forestry Regulation (Permen KLHK no 101-year
2018) as a guideline of environmental remediation activities.
One site is determined as a contaminated land if the soil or its
ground water contains hazardous pollutants in concentrations
exceeded standard as listed in Appendix 1 of Permen KLHK no 101-
year 2018. There are two situations faces by Industries suspected to
have contaminated area. The first one is when they had accidental
leakage or spillage. The first action for the responsible person or
industry in this situation is to proceed with so called emergency
actions. This will include clean up the obvious pollutant, amend the
cause of the accident, clean up debris and taking samples for
laboratories analysis. Once the laboratory results give satisfied
results (all measurements demonstrated under the standard) then
the action of clean up the site can be stopped, and the responsible
party (person or industry) deserves the clearance letter from the
government. If the laboratory results give otherwise, then
emergency response activities must be followed by remediation
activities. According to Permen KLHK no 101-year 2018, every
remediation activity must be started by preparing a document
called RPFLH (Rencana Pemulihan Fungsi Lingkungan Hidup). This
RPFLH basically is a document containing Site Assessment Planning
(SAP) and Remediation Action Planning (RAP).

The RPFLH must be endorsed by the office of Ministry of

Environmental and Forestry (KLHK). The information in RPFLH
includes the volume of contaminated soil and/or water, their
concentration, the map of location of contaminated soil, targets
parameters, remediations activity schedule, and methods of
remediations. The process of remediation must be finished within
the time and methods agreed in the RPFLH.

Most popular method in the application of site remediation is dig

and filled, that is taking out the contaminated soil and send them
to third parties possess the relevant government licenses. The other
popular methods are bioremediation, In-situ Chemical Oxidation,
Soil Washing and pump and treat for ground water remediations.
Of course, other methods are possible to be implemented as long
as meets the criteria described in the government regulations.
Remediation activities considered successful once the verification
activities witnessed by government authority showed satisfied results.
The party (person, industry) successfully remediated their
contaminated sites will earn the SSPLT (Surat Selesai Pemulihan Lahan
Tercemar). It is a kind of letter from government stated that the
contaminated site or land or ground water has been cleaned up.
 KEYNOTE SPEAKER 5

Dr. Shamilla Azman

University of Technology Malaysia

Dr. Shamila Azman obtained her Bachelor's

degree (Chemical Industry) from Universiti
Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) in 1997. She then
continued her studies in the field of Master
of Science and Doctor of Philosophy
(Environmental Chemistry). She started her
career as a lecturer in 2001 at UTM and
served in the Department of Environmental
Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering.
Since 2018 the department is now known as
Department of Water and Environmental Engineering. She serves as
Head of Department from 2018 to 2022 and is now the Panel for
Environmental Management and Research Group leader for Impact
and Restoration of Water Bodies Research Group. Dr Shamila is
involved in various research fields related to environmental
management, especially in the field of water quality monitoring and
microplastics. She is also involved in consultancy work and one of
them is the Environmental Performance Index consultant with the
Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment since 2010. Dr
Shamila has more than 85 scientific and technical publications in
journals and proceedings and supervised 62 postgraduate students.
She is a member of ANALIS and the International Water Association
(IWA).

Microplastic: Tiny Emerging Underestimated Threat

Shamila Azman,
Department of Water and Environmental Engineering,
Faculty of Civil Engineering,
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor
Abstract. The production of plastics has explicitly skyrocketed during
the past half century. The comparatively inexpensive plastic materials
are the main factor to the large-scale production, as it is able to supply
more versatile plastic-based product for consumers’ convenience.
However, the main concern arises when this synthetic polymer has
difficulty to degrade naturally, which will end up in water bodies. Thus,
this kind of pollutant has been considered as persistence in the
environment due to its durability and the failure of plastic ware
recycling plans in various regions across the world. As of today, plastic
debris floating on surface water has become one of the environmental
issues concerning its abundance and fate.

Generally, most of this synthetic polymer is fragmented into less than

5mm in size via different degradation pathways. Plastic debris with size
less than 5 mm is usually known as microplastics and the densities of
this tiny particles has been recorded up to 100,000 of items/m3 in
surface water. To date, the discovery on the impacts of microplastics
in the marine environments have been reported by many researchers.
However, less investigation has been carried out in freshwater
environments, especially in rivers. Therefore, more comprehensive
study is pertinent to investigate the occurrence of microplastics in such
environment.
It is unanimously agreed that river acts as a major pathway to transport
most of the plastic materials from land to the marine environment.
However, in certain regions, not all plastic will be transported into the
sea as the polymer is captured by trash traps along the river.
Unfortunately, most of the trapped trash will remain in the riverbank
and subsequently affect environmental health. River, in general, is one
of the major sources of fresh water as to provide pristine potable water
for human consumptions. Besides that, this waterway also contains
various edible aquatic life as well as commercially important fish
species. Certainly, the inadvertently consumption of microplastics by
living organisms is of major concern and may occur through ingestion
process. Recent studies have found the presence of microplastics in
potable water, where it is possible this pollutant may affect human
health.
The occurrence of microplastics in Malaysia is also unknown. Thus,
the present study has characterised the abundance of microplastics
between Skudai and Tebrau River. The quantification of
microplastics levels in these channels were pertinent. Surface
sediments were collected with a box corer and microplastics were
extracted via density separation. The inspection of particles were
carried out under microscope and categorized based on shape,
colour, and size. Results showed that the concentration of
microplastics were much higher in Tebrau River compared to Skudai
River. The study demonstrates that the abundance of microplastics
in both urban rivers may possibly be affected by weathering
breakdown of large plastic materials since these locations are well-
known for fishing and industrial areas.
 KEYNOTE SPEAKER 6

Prof. Shameen Jinadasa

Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, University of
Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
Fulbright Visiting Scholar, Adjunct Assistant Professor, University
of Connecticut, USA

Dr. Shameen Jinadasa, obtained his

Bachelor's degree from Faculty of
Engineering University of Peradeniya in
2000. He then continued his studies in
the field of Master in Environmental
Engineering and Doctor of Philosophy
(Science and Engineering). He started his
career as a research assistant, National
Institute, of Fundamental Studies in 1994 at, and continue
Postdoctoral Research Fellow at Saitama University, Japan in 2007-
2008. Become Senior Lecturer, Department of Civil Engineering in
2009. His expertise area includes the waste water treatment and reuse,
water conservation and efficiency. Fulbright Visiting Scholar, Adjunct
Assistant Professor, University of Connecticut, USA

Water Quality Management and Community Engagement

Prof. Shameen Jinadasa
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract. Sri Lanka is blessed with abundant water resources.

However, due to climate change and urbanization, over 3.4 million
people in the country face an acute drinking water crisis that results in
serious environmental and health implications and a general lack of
access to clean water which seriously hampers national development.
Due to the prevailing global crisis, progress of supplying drinking
water and provide clean environment is currently limited to the
planning stage where the focus is on creating an integrated water
and sanitation development plan in alignment with the United
Nations Sustainable Development Goals and UNESCO guidelines.
However, one of the key reasons for limited progress was the lack
of community integration, which requires careful attention and
involvement to ensure successful implementation and to effectively
convert abundant water resources into usable ones. In today's
context, ensuring safe drinking water, improved sanitation, and
enhanced capacity in developing world is of utmost importance.
This presentation will focus on challenges in water quality
management in developing countries and deployment of
appropriate technologies with consideration of technical,
environmental and social feasibility.
 KEYNOTE SPEAKER 7

Dr. Nasim Amiralian

The University of Queensland, Australia

Dr Nasim Amiralian is the Leader of the

Bio-inspired Materials research group at
The University of Queensland. Her
research focuses on exploring the design
and synthesis of tailor-made and precision
- engineered biomaterials using
agricultural waste to create
environmentally friendly products as a
replacement for petroleum-based plastics.
The outcome of her work has resulted in
the establishment of Australia’s first
nanocellulose pilot production plant. In recognition of her
contribution to the field of nanomaterials engineering and research
excellence, she has received a number of awards including The Eight
Australian Women Who Are Shaking up the World of Science (Marie
Claire, 2020), one of Australia’s Top 5 Scientists (2018), Queensland
Women in STEM Prize- judges choice award (2017) and Women in
Technology Life Sciences and/or Infotech Rising Star Award (2016).
Nasim also is a strong advocate for cultural diversity and equity and
supports staff and students to grow as more effective leaders and
create social good.

Nanocellulose derived from non-wood resources

Dr. Nasim Amiralian

Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The
University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
*E-mail address: [email protected]
Abstract. Cellulose represents the most abundant renewable
polymer on Earth. Its earliest human use dates back thousands of
years, with extensive utility today in products such as paper,
cellophane, packaging, textiles, and dietary fibres. During the last
decade, there has been a large amount of work surrounding the
conversion of a broad range of biomass sources into nanocellulose,
which includes cellulose nanocrystals and nanofibres.
Nanocellulose materials form an exciting sub-class of a broader
family of polysaccharide-based nanomaterials. Nanocellulose can
be derived from plants (e.g. wood, grass, cotton), marine animals
(e.g. crustacean shells, tunicates, algae or ‘sea squirts’), and bacteria.
Nanocellulose boasts desirable mechanical properties such as high
specific stiffness and strength, and excellent chemical and thermal
stabilities combined with low weight and biodegradability, which
make them ideal candidates for a range of different applications.
While nanocelluloses derived from various sources share a common
molecular backbone, their structure, properties, surface chemistry,
cost and practical uses can vary enormously depending upon the
plant or animal sources and method of extraction or isolation.
This presentation gives an overview of the fundamental aspects of
nanocellulose production and applications in several different
industries including nanocomposites, biomedical technologies,
water treatment, and flexible electronics1-4.

Keywords: Nanocellulose; nanocomposite; sustainability; waste

valorisation
 KEYNOTE SPEAKER 8

Prof Jhy-Chern Liu

National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan

Prof Jhy-Chern Liu is an accomplished

environmental engineer and academic
leader. He holds a PhD in Environmental
Engineering from the University of
Delaware and has been serving as a
professor in the Department of
Chemical Engineering at Taiwan Tech
since 1990. Throughout his career, he
has made significant contributions in
the fields of physical-chemical
processes for wastewater treatment and
reuse, as well as the extraction and recovery of rare metals from
electronic waste (e-waste). Prof. Hsiao has held various leadership
positions, including Dean of the College of Engineering and currently
as Vice President at Taiwan Tech."

Microwave-Assisted Leaching of Rare Earth Elements from

Phosphogypsum

Laurensia Nadya Widjaja, Warmadewanthi, Jhy-Chern Liu

National Taiwan University of Science and Technology
E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract. Phosphogypsum (PG) is a by-product of fertilizer

manufacturing. By 2020, there will be over 600 Mt of PG in storage,
with 75 Mt produced annually. However, only limited amount of PG is
reused. Due to the rapid increase of demand for rare earth elements
(REEs), studies for secondary sources have received extensive research,
and PG is one of the promising secondary sources of REEs owing to its
significant content of REEs, such as yttrium (Y), lanthanum (La), and
neodymium (Nd).
 The study investigated microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) for
recovery of Y, La, and Nd from PG. The effects of acid type, reaction
temperature, acid concentration, solid concentration, and reaction
time on leaching efficiency were investigated. The addition of H2O2
was also investigated. When using 1.0 N HCl, solid concentration of
20 g/L, 100oC, and reaction time of 5 min, leaching efficiency of
106.3% for Y, 102.0% for La, 99.8% for Nd, and 87.0% for P was
found. The addition of H2O2, however, decreased leaching
efficiency. Simulation results also showed that recovery of P via
selective precipitation was not feasible due to the high amount of
Ca that interferes with the formation of struvite.

Keywords: acid leaching; microwave; phosphogypsum; rare earth

elements; waste

.
 KEYNOTE SPEAKER 9

Ferdi Ferdian Kusnadi, S.T.P

PT. Berca Niaga Medika

Ferdi Ferdian Kusnadhi is a seasoned

professional with a wealth of experience in
the field of industrial chemistry, laboratory
management, and quality assurance. Ferdi's
career journey is marked by a dedication to
advancing the field of industrial chemistry
and laboratory practices. He has held a
variety of key positions, showcasing his
expertise and commitment. Ferdi has been a
registered assessor of competency for
Industrial Chemistry since 2019, demonstrating his proficiency in the
field and served as the Secretary at the Indonesian Food Laboratory
Association, known as ALPI, from August 2012 to 2018. This role
allowed him to contribute to the advancement of food testing and
analysis in Indonesia. Ferdi has been actively involved in the field of
Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry since 2003, showcasing his
enduring commitment to cutting-edge analytical techniques. Played a
pivotal role as a co-founder and member of the Indonesian Food
Laboratory Association (ALPI), contributing to the growth and
development of the association from 2011 to 2018 Ferdi Ferdian
Kusnadhi's extensive professional background, educational
achievements, and active involvement in the field of industrial
chemistry make him a respected figure in the industry and a valuable
contributor to the advancement of laboratory practices in Indonesia.

GCMS/MS Technology for Dioxin & Furan Analysis

Ferdi Ferdian Kusnadi, S.T.P
PT. Berca Niaga Medika
E-mail: [email protected]
Abstract. Dioxins are pollutants that originate from industrial
processes, and are highly monitored by environmental agencies.
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) developed Method
1613, Revision B (Method 1613B) for determining polychlorinated
dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (CDDs/CDFs) in
environmental matrices using high-resolution GC/MS (GC/HRMS)1.
The magnetic sector GC/MS is the approved technology for Method
1613B, but the instrument is expensive
to maintain, and requires a high skill set for operation. This
Application Note investigates triple quadrupole GC/MS
(GC/MS/MS) for the analysis of CDDs/CDFs following Method
1613B criteria. Maintenance is lower with GC/MS/MS compared to
the GC/HRMS, and it is easier to operate. With GC/MS/MS, mass
resolution and distinction of isomers were achieved for the toxic
isomers, 2,3,7,8-TCDD and 2,3,7,8-TCDF. Performance criteria were
met for Method 1613B. Excellent correlation was observed in spiked
water samples when analyzed GC/MS/MS.
GREEN VC
2023
 INVITED SPEAKER 1

Dr.rer.nat. Neni Sintawardani

National Research and Innovation Agency, Indonesia

Dr.rer.nat. Neni Sintawardani is a senior

researcher at Research Unit for Clean
Technology - in former Indonesian Institute
of Sciences (LIPI) (now is National Research
and Innovation Agency, BRIN) in Indonesia.
Her scope of research is implementation of
waste/wastewater treatment and sustainable
sanitation for the community. It includes the
application of anaerobic processes for
treating wastewater/municipal solid
waste/agro-industrial waste; increasing biogas-production and
sanitation for value chains approaches. As a Visiting-Researcher at
Institute of Technology, Federal Research Center for Agriculture, in
Braunschweig, Germany (1987-1992), she studied the
implementation of fixed-bed anaerobic reactor for treating agro-
waste. She got her doctoral degree in University of Hohenheim,
Stuttgart, Germany for the topic. On 2013 she got grant from NTU
Singapore to implement this technology for treating the wastewater
from tofu industries in a village and distribute the biogas to the
community. The plant is already handed over to the community and
managed by the locals. Now she and her team are focusing on
capacity building to the locals to strengthen their management on
renewable energy business. In 2021, she received the International
Underwriters Laboratories-ASEAN-US Science Prize for Women
2021 in the senior researcher category for her dedication to
developing technology that has been used by society.
Sustainable Value Chains for Off-Grid Sanitation Technologies:
Challenges and Opportunities

Neni Sintawardani
Research Center for Environmental and Clean Technology, National
Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), KST Samaun Samadikun
BRIN Jl. Sangkuriang, Bandung 40135, Indonesia
E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. Sanitation is a basic human right, and it is unfortunate that

many people around the world still lack access to safe and adequate
sanitation facilities. According to the World Health Organization
(WHO), in 2022, 57% of the global population (4.6 billion people) used
a safely managed sanitation service, while over 1.5 billion people still
do not have basic sanitation services, such as private toilets or latrines.
They are the ones who are directly faced with various risks due to
exposure to diseases, like typhoid, diarrhea, and cholera which can
increase mortality rates in children under five. The WHO also reports
that some 1,245,000 people in low- and middle-income countries die
each year as a result of inadequate water, sanitation, and hygiene. This
is a complex issue that requires a multifaceted approach, and one
possibility to overcome the cost of infrastructure required to build an
appropriate sanitation system in above situation is by implementing
off-grid sanitation technology. Off-grid sanitation technologies refer
to wastewater and waste management systems that operate
independently of traditional centralized infrastructure such as
municipal sewage and water treatment facilities. These technologies
are essential for addressing sanitation and hygiene needs in remote,
rural, or underserved areas. But implementing off-grid sanitation
technologies in urban or big cities, can be a viable and worthwhile
option under specific circumstances. However, both locations have
different but interesting challenges to overcome.

Off-grid sanitation is expected to have more advantages comparing

with the conventional centralized system: 1). From the technological
aspect, it should be designed to be self-contained and do not require
a sewer hook-up; 2).
From environmental aspects, it can transform waste into something
of value for low-resource settings and reduce all the risk because of
transportation of the waste; 3). From economic aspects, it can help
reduce health costs and lost productivity. This topic will focus on
the sustainability of value chains for off-grid sanitation technologies
and the challenges and opportunities associated of some
implemented technologies.

Keywords: acceptance; economical aspects; environmental

advantages; off-grid; sanitation technology.
 INVITED SPEAKER 2

Dr.GW Geerling
Deltares (NL) and Radboud University (NL)

Dr. Gertjan Geerling is a researcher with over

24 years of experience, specializing in the
ecosystem-based management of river
catchments. Currently, he holds the position
of Senior Scientist (Expert) at Deltares, a
leading water research institute, and
maintains a research position (20% of his time)
at the Department of Environmental Science
at Radboud University. Dr. Geerling's
academic background is rooted in environmental sciences, and he
holds a doctoral degree in the field of river landscape dynamics and
the remote sensing of natural and regulated rivers. His international
experience encompasses river ecosystems and river restoration, where
he has conducted assessments of eco-hydro-morphological
interactions and water quality management in regions including Asia
(Philippines and Indonesia) and Europe. In recent years, his research
has shifted focus towards ecosystem-based water management and
the intersection of water management with human health, notably
addressing health impacts resulting from floods or compromised
water quality.
Current research interests of Dr. Geerling is At present, he is co-
promotor of five ongoing Ph.D. projects: (1) Modeling mosquitos and
their relation to vector-borne diseases in the context of water
management, climate, and land use change; (2) Investigating the
intersection of floods, health, and wellbeing within Indonesian urban
communities (with ITB); (3) Exploring the intricate connections
between global water quality, biodiversity, and human health; (4)
Assessing water quality and its implications for human health in the
Citarum River region (with ITB); (5) River ecological status in relation
to water quality and hydro-morphology: pressures and responses.
Water and Human Health: A Call for Collaborative Co-
Management

Gertjan Geerling1,2

1 Ecologyand Water Quality, Deltares, Delft, the Netherlands

2Environmental Science, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the
Netherlands
*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. Water management plays a critical role in shaping the

health of communities around the world. This presentation explores
the intricate relationship between water management and human
health, emphasizing the need for collaborative co-management
approaches to address the multifaceted challenges we face. Several
examples illustrate the profound connections between water
management and health. Insufficient access to safe drinking water
sources results in waterborne diseases, affecting millions annually.
Poor sanitation and inadequate wastewater treatment contribute to
the spread of infectious diseases. Additionally, extreme weather
events and climate change intensify water-related health risks, such
as floods leading to waterborne disease outbreaks.

To address these challenges effectively, co-management is

essential. Co-management involves integrating expertise from
various sectors, including public health, environmental science, and
policy, to foster a holistic approach. Building tools for co-
management, such as quantifying health effects, provides a
structured framework for decision-making. Quantification helps
policymakers and stakeholders understand the direct impact of
water management decisions on public health. For example,
quantification of health effects in flood management studies make
it possible to include new trade-offs between public health
investments and flood management investments and can
significantly reduce the burden of waterborne diseases. Further
research is crucial to expand our understanding of the nuanced
relationship between water management and health.
This includes exploring the long-term effects of climate change on
water resources and public health, assessing the health implications of
emerging water contaminants, and studying the social and economic
determinants of access to clean water and sanitation.

In conclusion, we call for collaboration among governments, non-

governmental organizations, researchers, and communities to co-
manage water resources and safeguard human health. By quantifying
water related health effects and search for integrative solutions, we
can develop strategies to promoting healthier and more resilient
communities worldwide.

Keywords: water management; public health; environmental health;

Feel free to contact me about any aspect of research, open for

collaboration. Note Deltares has an office in Jakarta:

Attn. Henni Hendarti

Gedung One Wolter Place lantai 3A
Jl. One Wolter Monginsidi 63B
Kebayoran Baru, Desa/Kelurahan Rawa Barat, Kec. Kebayoran Baru,
Kota Jakarta Selatan, Provinsi DKI Jakarta
Republic of Indonesia
Telephone: +62 (0)87 765 83 23 63
Email: [email protected] or [email protected]
 INVITED SPEAKER 3

Dr.Eng. Diana Rahayuning Wulan

National Research and Innovation Agency, Indonesia

Dr. Diana Rahayuning Wulan is a dedicated

environmental engineer and researcher,
currently affiliated with the Research Center
for Environmental and Clean Technology at
the Indonesian National Research and
Innovation Agency (BRIN). She is based at the
KST Samaun Samadikun Tower 2 on Jl. Cisitu,
Bandung, Indonesia 4013. Diana earned her
doctoral degree in Environmental Engineering
from Kyoto University, focusing on ecological
risk assessment in a river located in an
agricultural area of West Java Province, Indonesia. Her dissertation
also involved a comparison with Whole Effluent Toxicity Test
methods, demonstrating her expertise in assessing environmental
risks. She is actively involved in a project focused on analyzing
environmental risks related to emerging contaminants in the
Citarum River. Diana is also a published author with a presence on
SCOPUS and ORCID. Her research in the field of health earned her
the "High Reputation Scientific Article" award from the Directorate
of Intellectual Property Management, Ministry of Research and
Technology of the Republic of Indonesia in 2020. Additionally, she
received the RISET-Pro Scholarship award in recognition of her
contributions to research and innovation. Diana Rahayuning Wulan
is a respected researcher and environmental engineer dedicated to
making a positive impact in her field.
Green Technology Approach on Supporting Environmental
Monitoring

Dr. Eng. Diana Rahayuning Wulan

Research Center for Environmental and Clean Technology, National
Research and Innovation Agency,
E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. Recently sustainable achievement has become

indispensable especially when interacting with the environment. The
good quality of environment should be maintained as a basic need of
the future. One important aspect of ensuring sustainable development
and protecting the environment is through monitoring the quality of
the environment itself. Because the development of chemical
compounds and it usage in production activities is unavoidable,
various chemical compounds potentially enter the environmental
body. Not only common compounds but also the emerging
contaminants. Many innovations on environmental monitoring
technology such as specific chemical target identification method,
online monitoring system, until green chemistry method convey not
only accurate and precise result but also less hazardous chemical, less
time consume, less waste, specific target output and real time data.
The result could describe the ongoing pollution, how the pollutant fate
in the environment or the impact to public health. Later the data will
support the government on taking the required action for quick
response, suggesting a solution, or law enforcement. So,
environmental monitoring should have a strong relation with
environmental governance. In other hand environmental quality
standards which are regulated by government and should be obeyed
by all related stakeholders, sometimes meet the obstacle on how those
monitoring innovations could be implemented.

Keywords: monitoring; innovation; sustainable environment;

government support
 INVITED SPEAKER 4

Dr. Annalisa Chiappone

Universit’a di Cagliari, Italy

Dr. Annalisa Chiappone is an

Assistant Professor of Industrial
Chemistry at the University of
Cagliari, where they have been
serving since October 2021. Their
expertise lies in the development of
innovative polymeric materials for
3D printing, particularly for smart
devices and biomedical
applications. Prior to this, they
worked as a Postdoctoral Researcher at Politecnico di Torino from
January 2018 to September 2021, focusing on vat 3D printing
materials. They also contributed to research projects at KTH
Stockholm and the Center for Space Human Robotics, IIT@PoliTo,
where they specialized in the development of functional materials
and polymeric materials for various applications. Dr. Chiappone has
a strong background in the field of materials science and has made
significant contributions to the development of advanced materials
for a wide range of applications. She published one article on the
journal Advanced Materials (IF 30.85) and 10 articles in journals with
IF>10: 2 articles on Advanced Functional Materials (IF: 18.8), 1 article
on Angewandte Chemie (IF. 15.33), 2 articles on Nature
Communications (IF: 14.9), 1 on Materials Horizon (IF: 13.3), 1 on
Biosensors and Bioelectronics (IF: 10.62), 1 on Additive
Manufacturing (IF:10.99), 2 articles on Applied Materials Today
(IF:10.04).
She became author of 2 review articles in the field of polymer
chemistry and 3D printing of sensing devices published on Polymers
and Biosensors and Bioelectronics. 4 articles were selected for the
cover image of the journal. [IF refers to 2022]. She also presenting
author of 17 oral presentations in international conferences, of which
5 as Invited Speaker (3DPrinting Symposium at University of
Washington, 2017; XXVI International Materials Research Congress in
Cancun, 2017; ACS National Meeting Spring in Philadelphia 2019;
Nanoinnovation in Rome, 2019; On line conference NanoGe Advanced
materials for next generation 3D printing, 2020).

DLP 3D printing of Bio-Based Covalent Adaptive Networks

Annalisa Chiappone1* Michael Zanon2, Maria Vittoria Piras1, Maria

Chiara Cabua1, Ignazio Roppolo3, Fabrizio Pirri,2,3 Francesco Secci1
1 Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli

Studi di Cagliari, 09042, Monserrato (Ca) ITALY

2 Center for sustainable Future Technologies, Italian Institue of

Technology, Via Livorno, 3 10100 Torino (To) ITALY

3 Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia, Politecnico di Torino,

Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 29, 10141 Torino (To) ITALY

E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. Agri-food waste represents an environmental problem,

hence it is important to get in the mindset of the circular bioeconomy,
using waste in an efficient and sustainable way to reduce the problems
related to its disposal. In this frame, the aim of the present work is to
convert fractions of waste into a potential resource for innovative
materials. The work is based on the extraction and functionalization of
organic molecules, ranging from cellulosic components to
anthraquinones, from Aloe Vera and aloe Arborescence Sardinian
cultivation wastes. The extracted fractions are used as materials for
the development of photocurable polymers suitable for light induced
3D printing (3DP).
The ultimate purpose is the production of bio-covalalent adaptive
networks (CAN): recyclable thermoset polymeric materials.
Work done so far has focused on the extraction of micro cellulose
semicrystalline particles (MC). MC has been functionalized to obtain
acrylated microparticles that can act as crosslinkers in a
photocurable formulation. The choice of the correct copolymers
enables the formation of CANs able to be reprocessed under
external stimuli (e.g. temperature). The best printing conditions
have been optimized for the production of samples and the
ongoing study of the thermomechanical properties of the
developed materials will disclose the CAN behavior of the
developed materials.

Keywords: Aloe; waste valorization; 3D printing; CAN

 INVITED SPEAKER 5

Dr Latifah Jasmani
Forest Research Institute Malaysia

Dr Latifah Jasmani is a Head of Program at

Wood Chemistry and Non-Wood
Utilisation Program (previously known as
Biomass Technology Program), Forest
Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM). She
obtained her BSc (Hons) in Chemistry from
University of Manchester, United Kingdom,
MSc (Materials Science) from Universiti
Kebangsaan Malaysia and PhD (Chemistry) from University of
Nottingham, United Kingdom. Her research interests include biomass
valorisation, pulp and paper technology, nanocellulose and its surface
modification. To date, she has authored and co-authored more than
70 publications.

Sustainable Pulp and Paper Technology: Advancing the Circular

Economy
Latifah Jasmani, Rafidah Jalil & Nur Areisman Mohd Salleh
Forest Products Division, Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM),
52109 Kepong, Selangor, Malaysia
*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. This presentation examines the progression of the pulp and

paper industry, emphasizing its pivotal role in advancing a sustainable
future through the implementation of responsible resource
management, innovative technology, recycling practices, and waste
reduction strategies. A notable transformation observed in the pulp
and paper sector is its commitment towards circular economy, namely
in terms of closing the loop in raw material management.
The implementation of advanced and/or sustainable pulping and
bleaching techniques, such as oxygen delignification and chemical
recovery systems, has resulted in substantial reductions in water
and energy consumption, as well as mitigating environmental
impacts. The incorporation of biomass and renewable energy
technologies inside the papermaking process exemplifies the paper
industry's commitment to promoting sustainability and circularity.
Furthermore, the industry has also encouraged the use of
agricultural residues, non-wood fibres and recycled paper, lowering
reliance on virgin wood and reducing deforestation. The
sustainability of the pulp and paper sector has been significantly
influenced by the advent of the digital revolution. The utilization of
internet of things (IoT) and big data analytics leads to the
optimization of operational processes, reduction of wastage, and
enhancement of product quality. The pulp and paper sector is
poised to take a role in the establishment of a sustainable and
circular future through its emphasis on resource efficiency,
adoption of renewable energy, reduction of waste, and utilization
of innovative technology. This change not only contributes to
environmental preservation but also showcases the industry's
commitment to responsible, financially viable, and ecologically
mindful approaches.

Keywords: sustainable, pulp, paper, environmental, resource,

circular
GREEN VC
2023
A01

Effect of acid mine drainage on the environment and society

Eddy Susanto1, Eddy Setiadi S 2, Harmin Sulistiyaning Titah 3

1 Departement of technology management, Institute of Technology Surabaya

2 Departement of technology management, Institute of Technology Surabaya
3 Departement of technology management, Institute of Technology Surabaya

[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]

Abstract. Acid mine drainage (AMD) is waste water that is processed by

releasing acidic water and toxic metals from mining operations into the
surrounding environment. The purpose of this paper is to determine the impact
of acid mine drainage on ecosystems such as marine animal biota, soil pollution,
and the social environment of the community. This paper uses a questionnaire
method which contains the effects of acid mine drainage on the environment
and society. Equation model indicators using structural partial least squares
consist of the dependent variable in the form of environment (Y3) which consists
of indicators of water quality, soil quality, and economy. The independent
variables are acid mine drainage (X1), which consists of indicators of pH 6-9,
the number of suspended solids, Fe, and Mn, and social variables (X3), which
consist of indicators of conflict, agriculture, fisheries, and community behavior.
The sampling technique used random sampling of 200 community respondents.
Analysis of the coefficient of determination it can be concluded that the value of
adjusted R Square simultaneously (X1) acid mine drainage has an effect on (X2)
the social community of 0.789. while the exogenous constructs (X1) and (X2)
simultaneously affect Y by 0.816. The result of the RMS_theta fit model is 0.470
in the good category. The main result of this paper is the impact of acid mine
drainage on the environment and society, including information on
environmental pollution levels, ecological impacts, impacts on human health,
and social implications.

Keywords: sem pls, acid mine drainage, environment, society

A02

Electrocoagulation In Wastewater from Spent-Batteries Recycling

F R Mufakhir1*, C Khotimah2, S Oediyani2, W Astuti1, S Sumardi1, H

Prasetia1, L O Arham3, H Z Hakim3 and V Poernomo4

1 Research Center for Mining Technology, National Research and Innovation

Agency (BRIN). Jl. Ir. Sutami KM. 15 Tanjung Bintang, South Lampung,
Indonesia
2 Department Metallurgy Engineering Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa. Jl.

Jenderal Sudirman Km 3, Kotabumi, Kec. Purwakarta, Kota Cilegon, Banten

42435, Indonesia
3 Department Production and Industry Technology, Institut Teknologi

Sumatera, Jl. Terusan Ryacudu, Way Huwi, Jati Agung, South Lampung,
35365 Indonesia
4PT. Limas Primenergi Lestari, Raya Bangsalsari, Trisnogambar, Jember,

East Java, Indonesia

*E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]

Abstract. This study uses the electrocoagulation method to investigate the

reduction of heavy metal content in wastewater from spent-batteries recycling.
The wastewater comes from discharging spent batteries and recycling using a
1% NaOH solution. ICP-OES (Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission
Spectrometry) analysis shows that heavy metals (Ni, Co, Zn, Cd, As, and Hg)
exceed the environmental water standard. The electrocoagulation process was
carried out in a reactor with 500 mL volume and a rectifier with 5 A current
capacity. 2 types of electrode materials combination were used: aluminum (Al)
and iron (Fe) with 1 cm in the distance by parallel monopolar cells. Alternating
current (AC) was used with 30, 40, and 50 A/m2 current density. The results
show that the percent efficiency of reducing heavy metal levels reaches up to
100% with current density conditions of 40 A/m 2 and Fe – Fe electrode pair
combination. However, Cd and Zn are more effective using Fe – Al electrodes.
The heavy metal bearing was confirmed using Scanning Electron Microscope-
Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX) in the floc and the precipitate residue. This
method can be a good alternative in treating wastewater compared to using
direct current electrocoagulation where the electrode is consumed.

Keywords: alternating current; electrocoagulation; heavy metal; spent-batteries

recycling; wastewater.
A04

Rice Husk Charcoal as Biocarrier for Mercury Degrading Bacteria

Efadeswarni1*, Dominikus H Akhadi1, Sati Suyanti1, Sri Herlina1, Fitri Y

Amandita1
1 Research Center for Environment and Clean Technology, BRIN, KST BJ

Habibie Building 820, South Tangerang, Indonesia

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. Heavy metals pollution is a growing problem and the need for low-
cost and practical remediation technique is urgent. Mercury is one of the most
toxic heavy metals and its elimination has been a global effort. Biosorption using
organic materials such as farm wastes have been widely reported as an effective
method for removing mercury from aqueous solutions. Rice husk is abundant
in mostly agricultural region in Indonesia, in which numerous hotspots of
mercury pollution usually occur. In our previous study, we have isolated five
bacteria strains which have been proven to be effective reducing mercury from
liquid solutions. Current study combined the use of rice husk charcoal and
mercury-resistant bacteria to absorb mercury from aqueous environment. The
aim of this study was to evaluate the viability of the strains in the rice husk
charcoal as biocarrier and to estimate the mercury reduction from solution
filtered with rice husk charcoal with or without mercury-resistant bacteria
inoculation. For this experiment, we utilized the commercial rice husk charcoal
as biocarrier to perform mercury absorption. Five strains of mercury-resistant
bacteria, namely Exiguobacterium acetylicum, Enterobacter huaxiensis,
Acinetobacter junii, Bacillus cereus, and Klebsiella huaxiensis, were cultivated
and grown in sterilized biocarrier. As much as 50 gr of inoculated and non-
inoculated rice husk charcoal were immersed into 100 ml of 1 ppm mercury
solutions. Bacterial growth in the biocarrier was calculated as colony count at
day-1, day-15, and day-30 after inoculation, and total mercury concentration
was measured at day-1 and day-5 after immersion. The bacterial consortium
was viable to grow in the rice husk charcoal up to 45 x 10 6 CFU, but at day-30
the growth was detected to be decreasing. At day-1, the mercury was reduced
22% higher with the inoculated rice husk charcoal, but at day-5 the mercury
concentration remained in both trials were not significantly different.

Keywords: biosorption; biocarrier; bioremediation; heavy metal pollution; Hg-

resistant microbe; rice husk charcoal
A05

Screening Potential Plant In The Mining Gold Area for Phytoremediation

Approach

Muhammad Rizki Firdaus Fasya1*, Hendra Prasetia2, Ceng Asmarahman1,

Inggar Damayanti1, Widi Astuti2, Fika Rofiek Mufakhir2, Slamet Sumardi2, R.
Gunawan Pratama Yoga3, Tri Haryono2

1 Department of Forestry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung, Gedong

Meneng, Rajabasa, Bandar Lampung City, Lampung 35141, Indonesia
2 Research Centre for Mining Technology, Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

(BRIN), Ir. Sutami Km.15, Tanjung Bintang, Sindang Sari, Lampung Selatan,
Kabupaten Lampung Selatan, Lampung 35361, Indonesia
3 Research Center for Limnology and Water Resources, Badan Riset dan

Inovasi Nasional (BRIN), KST Soekarno Jl. Raya Jakarta - Bogor Km 46,
Cibinong, Bogor 16911, Indonesia

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. Heavy metals waste can be caused of anthropogenic activity. This

waste can be poluting soil and water, far away from waste source. One of the
ways to immobilize the heavy metals is using a plant that can accumulate it. The
aim of this research was screened potential plants that can be used as
remediation agents due to ASGM activity in the post-mining area. This study
was conducted at PT Napal Umbar Picung (NUP), Tanggamus Regency,
Lampung. The study collected the potential hyperaccumulator plant from
contaminated areas. Plant samples were dried at 80ºC for 3 days in a ventilated
oven. The dried samples were powdered using Philips Blender 5000 series into
fine grain size. The powder samples were analyzed using X-Ray Fluorescence
(XRF).The highest concentrations of As, Cd, Cu, Fe, Hg, Pb, and Zn in the shoot
tissues of ASGM at PT NUP were 38,5 mg/kg, 4,6 mg/kg, 365,4 mg/kg, 147300
mg/kg, 135,6 mg/kg, 152,4 mg/kg, and 1060 mg/kg. The results showed that the
hyperaccumulators plant of Hg were Melastoma malabthricum, Christella sp.,
and Hoya sp. This study can be concluded that the plants can be used as
phytoremediation approach of heavy metals contamination such as As,Cd, Cu,
Fe, Pb, Zn, and especially Hg.

Keywords: Heavy metals; ASGM; phytoremediation; hyperaccumulator

A06

Composite Synthesis Based on Starch and Lignoseulose Material from

Rice Straw Using Cold Plasma Technology

Harianingsih1*, Ari Nur Dwi Indriawan 2, Rizki Setiadi2 , Savira Rinda Erliana1,
Isnina Noor Ubay1, Indra Sakti Pangestu1

1 Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas

Negeri Semarang, Indonesia
2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas

Negeri Semarang, Indonesia

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. Lignocellulosic material from rice straw has not been utilized properly,
only about 7-16% is used for industry. Various application developments,
including utilization as a filler or reinforcing material for wood polymer composite
products need to be studied. In previous research, there have been many
studies on the manufacture of composites from natural fibers and thermoplastic
or thermoset polymers using chemical methods to modify the surface of the
natural fibers used. However, chemical methods have limitations such as the
use of chemicals which are usually toxic, less environmentally friendly and leave
residues. The urgency of this research is the existence of an alternative method
of modifying the surface of natural fibers, especially rice straw fiber using a
technology that is simpler, faster, environmentally friendly and sustainable. One
of the appropriate methods developed is cold plasma. In this research, it will be
made of composites with a matrix in the form of a thermoplastic polymer in the
form of polyethylene (PE) with rice straw powder as filler. The aim of this
research is to modify the surface of rice straw powder with starch using cold
plasma to determine the mechanical properties in the form of tensile and
compressive strength tests of the composites. The results showed that the
modulus of elasticity data for each ratio of PE: rice straw= 70:30, 60:40 and
50:50 were 0.70, 0.677, 0.654 GPa. The tensile strength data of PE : rice straw
ratio = 70:30, 60:40 and 50: 50 are 20.45, 18.56, 16.67 MPa.

Keywords: composite, compresive strenght, rice straw, tensile, thermoplastic

polymer
A08

Removal of Congo red and Tartrazine binary mixtures using Leucaena

leucocephala seed’s extract as natural coagulant

Christian1, Michael J B Putra1, Hans Kristianto1*, Susiana Prasetyo1, Asaf K

Sugih1, Ariestya A Arbita1

1Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology,

Parahyangan Catholic University, Ciumbuleuit 94, Bandung 40141, Indonesia

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. The textile industry is one of industries that produces wastewater with
complex contents and has the potential to pollute the environment. Therefore,
wastewater treatment is required to prevent this problem. Utilization of natural
coagulants to treat dye wastewater has been carried out by various researchers.
However, most of the researches only uses a single dye as the wastewater
model, albeit the complex nature of the real wastewater. Therefore, in this study
crude extract of Leucaena leucocephala seed was used for coagulation of single
and binary dyes mixture with Congo red and tartrazine as the model substance.
The coagulation was carried out by varying the initial pH (3−9), dose of coagulant
(50−1150 mg eq BSA/L) and the initial dye concentration (50−100 mg/L). It was
found that Leucaena crude extract has successfully removed 99.54% of the
Congo red (pH 3; dose 650 mg eq BSA/L) and 53.2% (pH 3; dose 1150 mg
eq BSA/L) of Tartrazine at 50 mg/L single dye wastewater. The removal of 50
mg/L binary mixture was 94.4 and 54.6% for Congo red and tartrazine
respectively, at pH 3 and coagulant dose 1050 mg eq BSA/L.

Keywords: binary mixture; coagulation; Congo red; Leucaena leucocephala;

natural coagulant; tartrazine
A09

Removal of Methyl Orange Dye from Batik Wastewater Using Activated

Carbon and Fe (II) Activated Persulfate: Coupled Sorption–Oxidation
Kinetic Model
Setiyono1, Ardie Septian1*, Veny Luvita1, Rudi Nugroho1, Joko Waluyo2, Farah
Nurlidar3, Anatta Wahyu Budiman3, Riezqa Andika4, Monica Dwi Hartanti5, Reza
Yuridian Purwoko5, Roto6, Sandia Primeia1, Arifudin1, Ikbal1, Heru Susanto7,
Sudarno8, Abdul Kholiq8
1Research Center for Environmental and Clean Technology - National Research and
Innovation Agency (BRIN), Indonesia
2Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Indonesia
3Research Center for Radiation Process Technology, National Research and Innovation

Agency (Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional, BRIN), Jakarta, Indonesia

4University of Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
5Research Center for Preclinical and Clinical Medicine, National Research and Innovation

Agency (Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional, BRIN), Cibinong, Indonesia

6Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
7Chemical Engineering Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia
8Environment Engineering Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia
*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. Methyl orange (MO) is one of well-known organic contaminant found

in wastewater at Batik production factory. Persulfate (PS) activated by Fe (II)
and activated carbon (AC) was used. Sorption onto AC, oxidation by Fe (II)
activated PS, and coupled sorption–oxidation by the combined Fe(II) and AC
activated PS experiment was performed to remove the MO. Individual sorption
and oxidation first order kinetic model were used to predict the experimental
data. A coupled sorption–oxidation kinetic model previously developed was also
applied to investigate the removal mechanism of MO in wastewater. The first-
order sorption rate constants with AC only ( ), in the presence of Fe (II) and
PS ( ), and in the simultaneous presence of AC, Fe (II), and PS ( and
) were compared. The radical species involved in the reaction was
elucidated by electron spin resonance (ESR). The effect of physicochemical
properties of AC, such as surface area (ABET) and pore size, was correlated with

the , , and and discussed. The combination of Fe(II) and

AC in activating PS is expected to be the best in removing MO from Batik
wastewater.

Keywords: methyl orange; batik; wastewater; oxidation; kinetic model

A10

Traditional Ecological Knowledge of the Moronene Tribe: Insights into

Forest Conservation Practices in Bombana Area, Southeast Sulawesi
Basri1*, Anton Ferdinan2, Heryan Powatu3, Masayuki Sakakibara4
1Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Makassar, Makassar, Indonesia
2Aliansi Masyarakat Adat Nusantara (AMAN), Bombana, Indonesia
3Seniman Pemuda Kreatif (SEPAKAT), Bombana, Indonesia
4Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (RIHN), Kyoto, Japan

*[email protected]

Abstract. This research examines the traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) of

the Moronene tribe and its insights into forest conservation practices in the
Bombana area of Southeast Sulawesi. The Moronene tribe has inhabited this
region for centuries, relying on the forest for their livelihoods and cultural
practices. The study aims to document and analyze the TEK held by the
Moronene tribe, with a specific focus on their role in forest conservation. The
research was conducted in the districts of Rarowatu Utara and Lantari Jaya,
Bombana Regency. Data collection involved interviews with 200 households,
with the heads of households serving as respondents. Indigenous knowledge
holders from the Moronene tribe, including elders and community leaders, were
engaged in knowledge-sharing sessions to gather information about their
practices, beliefs, and rituals related to customary forests. Additionally, field
observations and ecological assessments were conducted to evaluate the
impact of these practices on the Hukaea Laeya forest ecosystem. The findings
of the study demonstrate that the Moronene tribe has a deep understanding of
forest conservation across various aspects: indigenous knowledge and
practices, forest governance and management, conservation of biodiversity and
ecosystem services, sustainable resource use and traditional practices, cultural
and spiritual values, and community empowerment and rights. The results of this
research provide valuable insights for policymakers, researchers, and
conservation practitioners seeking to integrate local knowledge systems into
forest management and conservation strategies. Recognizing and respecting
the traditional ecological knowledge of the Moronene tribe can contribute to a
more inclusive and effective approach to conservation that aligns with local
values, needs, and aspirations.

Keywords: Traditional ecological knowledge, Moronene tribe, forest

conservation, Bombana, Southeast Sulawesi
A11
Enhancement of Gaseous Toluene Removal by Photocatalysis Using
Hydrothermal Synthesis Carbon Nanodots/TiO2 Combined with Zeolite
ZSM-5

Nguyen M. Thuan12, Tran L. M. Hieu12, Nguyen T. M. Linh12, Nguyen T. K.

Oanh12, Nguyen V. H. Nhan12, Nguyen T. T. Phuong12, Ngo T. H. Duong12,
Nguyen Q. Long12*
1 Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT),
268 Ly Thuong Kiet Street, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
2 Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc District,

Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are one group of the main pollutants
released from many kinds of sources and impact negatively to human health.
Therefore, many studies have been made to produce composite materials that
possess the ability to transform contaminants to other nontoxic forms economically
and environmentally by means of photocatalytic method. However, the main
drawbacks of these materials include restricted surface area, low affinity towards
organic molecules and wide band gap energy which dramatically inhibit their
performance. In this research, a composite material that surpasses the above
disadvantages has been successfully synthesized form TiO 2 catalyst dispersed on
carbon nanodots (CDs) mixed with zeolite ZSM-5 support. Particularly, CDs
synthesized by bottom-up method were coated on TiO2 to support the photocatalytic
ability under UV irradiation by reducing band gap energy of pure TiO 2, enhancing
porous structure as well as providing electron reservoirs lengthening life expectancy
of electron – hole pairs. The powder mixture was then uniformly distributed on zeolite
ZSM-5 to increase affinity towards organic molecules and reduce particles
agglomeration. The resulting powder with varying CDs/TiO 2 and zeolite ZSM-5
content were tested for its photocatalytic oxidization capability. The remaining tests
were conducted with the most enhanced sample with changing parameters: toluene
flowrate, humidity, UV intensity and initial toluene concentration. The results revealed
that samples with higher zeolite content showed improved photocatalytic activity. The
outcomes of other tests indicated that increasing VOCs flow rate decreased the
efficiency of photocatalytic process. On the other hand, the increase in relative
humidity from 0 to 60% resulted in better performance of the photocatalytic oxidation
process and this trend was also well-applied for the investigation of UV intensity
effect. The newly produced material has corrected most disadvantages of traditional
photocatalyst,however, further researches need to be made to improve the removal
stability.

Keywords: carbon nanodots; TiO2; VOCs removal; zeolite ZSM-5

A13

The Functional Sustainability Design Management of Green Open Spatial

Space Surabaya-Indonesia Tropical City Park To Prevent Vandalism by
Using Simulation Concept of 3D Modelling Technology and IoT Real Time
Camera.

Yosef Richo Adrianto1, Ellya Zulaikha2, Bambang Syairudin3

Doctor of Technology Management (DMT), Institut Teknologi Sepuluh

1,2,3

Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. This research tries to examine the sustainability of the management

of the safety aspects of access to the green open space of the city park through
design by trying to harmonize the management process on functional aspects
for easy access of visitors during activities. In the design process, the researcher
used a design development method based on the concept of Function-Behavior-
Structure (FBS) theory, which is the theory of activity safety based on the
standard value of product functionality and the selected spatial area is the most
crowded area and diverse visitor activities.
This research was conducted at the most famous comprehensive and paid type
park in the tropical city of Surabaya-Indonesia, Kebun Binatang Surabaya
(KBS). While measuring the density level is by using IoT Real Time Camera
Technology to facilitate the classification of objects and the cumulative number
of visitors. The results are then simulated on a 3D Modelling program to get a
safe and comfortable Green open space spatial area design based on access,
facilities and visitor activities.

Keywords: Management Design, Functional, Vandalism, and Technology

A14

Socialization integrated charcoal technology and its benefits in Indonesia

Gusmailina1, Gustan Pari1, Sri Komarayati1, Djeni Hendra1, Saptadi Darmawan1,

Lisna Efiyanti1, Santiyo Wibisono1 & Nur Adi Saputra1

1 Research Center for Biomass and Bioproducts. National Research and

Innovation Agency (BRIN), Bogor, 16911, Indonesia

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. Integrated charcoal is a technology that is carried out in one process

and application. It is an environmentally friendly technological innovation that
can be applied to the community by utilizing various types of biomass waste as
raw materials to produce charcoal, compost charcoal, and liquid smoke. In
charcoal making technology, the smoke formed will undergo cooling, either
naturally or by using artificial cooling, so that the smoke formed will turn into a
liquid called liquid smoke or wood vinegar. The socialization of this technology
has started since the 2000s with various community groups and local agencies,
with good results. From several trials of integrated charcoal and liquid smoke
product applications, which were applied simultaneously and continuously to
various types of plants, both agricultural crops, plantations, and forestry crops,
the results obtained were better than those using chemical fertilizers and
pesticides. This paper presents information on the socialization of integrated
charcoal that has been carried out in several locations in Indonesia, including
Cianjur District, Sukabumi District (West Java), Karo District, and Simalungun
District (North Sumatra). The materials used are waste/garbage located around
each location. The results obtained are applied to the cultivation of various types
of plants with good results, useful, and can help meet family needs. The initial
application on rice plants in Cianjur was equivalent to 5.1 t/ha and was not
attacked by pests. Likewise in coffee plants, the average plant height growth
during the 6 months of observation reached 28.76 cm, with a stem diameter of
3.89 cm. Several testimonies from the community show that the application of
this integrated charcoal technology is very helpful for the community in
overcoming fertilizer and plant pest problems.

Keywords: Integrated charcoal; technology; innovative; waste; environmentally

friendly; cultivation
A15
Radionuclide Characterization and Handling Strategy of Irradiated Fission
Product Material (FPM) Capsule Waste from Molybdenum-99 Production

Aisyah1*, P. A. Artiani1, Suryantoro2, Parjono2, D. L. Ibnu S.1, Risdiyana S.1, J.

Rachmadetin1, Kuat H1, Ratiko1, Gustri N.1, Mirawaty1, Wati1
1 Research Center for Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Radioactive Waste Technology,
National Research and Innovation Agency, South Tangerang, 15310, Indonesia
2 Directorate of Nuclear Facility Management, National Research and Innovation Agency,

South Tangerang, 15310, Indonesia

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. Irradiated FPM Capsule is one of the types of radioactive waste

generated from Molybdenum-99 (99Mo) production. This 99Mo is a 99mTc parent
radionuclide which is used for diagnosis of human organ disorders. In its
production, the capsule is used for the emplacement of uranium target for
irradiation in the GA Siwabessy Reactor. Since the beginning of production until
now, the irradiated FPM capsules waste are still being stored in the hot cells
because no data on their characteristics and handling systems which are
necessary for their treatment. However, long-term storage of the capsules waste
in the hot cells shall be avoided because it can disrupt the production process of
99Mo and poses radiation risk on workers. The purpose of this research are to

characterize radionuclides composition in the FPM capsule waste and identify

its appropriate handling system. The radionuclides characterization was carried
out using ORIGEN 2.1 software whereas the selection of the handling system
was based on the suitability or modification of the available facilities at
Radioactive Waste Management Installation (RWMI)-BRIN. The
characterization results show that up to a decay time of 50 years, an FPM
capsule waste contains activation product radionuclides such as 55Fe, 59Ni, and
63Ni with a total specific activity of 7.11x10 6 Bq/g. Three FPM capsule waste

handling systems were identified that can be implemented at the RWMI facility,
namely by using a 350-liter concrete shell and then storing in an interim storage
for low and intermediate-level waste, using a 60-liter of stainless-steel canister
which is then stored in the interim storage pit for high-level waste, or by
modifying the interim storage pit for high-level waste. Radionuclide
characterization and appropriate handling systems are required for the safe
management of irradiated FPM capsule waste. This FPM capsule waste
management is important for human and environment protection.

Keywords: FPM capsule waste; 99Mo; 99mTc; uranium target, irradiation.

A16

Identification Of Heavy Metal Concentrations In Water Body Near Landfill

Area

Eka Wardhani1, Nadaa Afririzka Manova1, Athaya Zahrani Irmansyah2*,

Kancitra Pharmawati2
1 Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning,
National Institute of Technology, Jalan PHH Mustofa 23, Bandung, 40124, Indonesia
2 Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning,

National Institute of Technology, Jalan PHH Mustofa 23, Bandung, 40124, Indonesia
*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. Sarimukti Landfill operates using a controlled landfill equipped with a

leachate treatment plant. Landfill operations have the potential to cause heavy
metal pollution in surface water. The Cipanawuan River is the closest body of
water to the landfill and is the location for monitoring water quality. This study
aims to determine the impact of landfill operations on heavy metal pollution in
the Cipanawuan River. The heavy metals analyzed were Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, and
Ni. The research method is to compare the concentration of heavy metals in
river water with the quality standards based on Appendix VI of Government
Regulation No. 22 of 2021 concerning the implementation of environmental
protection and management. Monitoring location before landfill at coordinates
107.35335; -6.797316667 and after going through the landfill at coordinates
107.34905; -6.806216667. Based on the results of the dry season analysis, the
concentration of heavy metals at the sampling point before the landfill was Cd
0.009 ± 0.015, Cu 0.035 ± 0.047, Pb 0.053 ± 0.069, Zn 0.063 ± 0.063, and Ni
0.034 ± 0.023. The sampling points after passing through the landfill were Cd
0.012 ± 0.014, Cu 0.026 ± 0.014, Pb 0.064 ± 0.065, Zn 0.108 ± 0.070, and Ni
0.088 ± 0.036. In the rainy season, the concentration of heavy metals at the
sampling point before the landfill was Cd 0.022 ± 0.019, Cu 0.043 ± 0.033, Pb
0.049 ± 0.025, Zn 0.038 ± 0.035, and Ni 0.1264 ± 0.031. The sampling points
after passing through the landfill were Cd 0.013 ± 0.014, Cu 0.063 ± 0.037, Pb
0.048 ± 0.026, Zn 0.172 ± 0.076, and Ni 0.148 ± 0.024. The average heavy
metal concentration upstream is higher than downstream, so it can be concluded
that the source of heavy metal pollution at the study site is landfill operations.

Keywords: Cipanawuan River; Sarimukti Landfill; heavy metal; concentration

A18

Enhancing Phycoremediation of Tofu Wastewater using Mixed Microalgae

with Salicylic Acid Elicitors

Taufik Taufikurahman1*, Josephine Irene1, Lili Melani1

1Plant Sains Biotech, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesa No.10,

Bandung, Indonesia

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. Liquid waste from the tofu industry contains suspended and organic
matter that can degrade water quality if discharged directly into water bodies.
Phycoremediation, which utilizes microalgae's activity to assimilate nitrogen (N)
and phosphorus (P) from tofu wastewater as a nutrient source for their growth,
offers an effective waste treatment method. The addition of salicylic acid elicitors
can further enhance microalgae biomass. This study conducted a 7-day
cultivation of mixed microalgae, Chlorella vulgaris, and Nannochloropsis
oculata, with a 1:1 (v/v) ratio in an Open Raceway Pond (ORP) with a working
volume of 55 L. The growth medium used was tofu liquid waste with a
concentration of 16% (v/v) of the working volume. On the fifth day, variations
were made with the addition of salicylic acid at 0 M (control), 20 M, and 200 M.
The use of mixed cultures aimed to increase resistance to various abiotic and
biotic conditions and optimize resource utilization. Measured parameters
included specific growth rate, pH, initial and final levels of nitrate,
orthophosphate, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and chemical oxygen
demand (COD). The mixed culture of C. vulgaris and N. oculata with the addition
of 20 M salicylic acid exhibited the best growth, with a specific growth rate of
0.66/day. During the cultivation period, the pH values for variations with 20 M
salicylic acid ranged from 9.08 to 10.22. Additionally, the addition of 20 M
salicylic acid resulted in the highest reduction in waste parameters, with the
highest percentage of reductions observed in nitrate (57.67%), orthophosphate
(44.09%), BOD (62.48%), and COD (56.09%).

Keywords: microalgae, phycoremediation, raceway, tofu, wastewater

A19
Pre- and Post-Landslide Analyses for Sustainable Development in
Kiarapandak Area, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia

I G Tejakusuma1, A Mulyono2, E H Sittadewi1*, T Handayani3, A Tohari1, Z

Zakaria4, A F Shomim1

1 Research Center for Geological Disaster, ORKM, BRIN, Indonesia, KST Samaun
Samadikun, Jalan Sangkuriang, Dago, Kota Bandung, Jawa Barat 40135, Indonesia.
2 Research Centre for Environmental and Clean Technology, ORHL, BRIN, Indonesia, KST
B J Habibie Gedung 820, Serpong, Tangerang Selatan 15314, Indonesia.
3 Research Center for Sustainable Production System and Life Cycle Assessment, OREM,
BRIN, Indonesia, Gedung Pusat Inovasi dan Bisnis Teknologi, KST B J Habibie Gedung
720, Serpong, Tangerang Selatan 15314, Indonesia.
4 Faculty of Geological Engineering, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia, Jalan Raya
Bandung-Sumedang KM 21, Jatinangor, Kabupaten Sumedang 45363 Jawa Barat,
Indonesia.
*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. The landslide in Kiarapandak has caused critical land formation,

leading to potential damage to the water system and environmental conditions,
as well as chemical, physical, and biological soil damage. Analyzing the
conditions before and after the landslide is essential for supporting sustainable
development, protecting the community, and mitigating environmental damage.
This investigation employs Google Earth imagery, site surveys, field
observations, and landslide typology and vulnerability assessments. The
research area, Kiarapandak Village, is categorized as a landslide-prone
typology Zone B with a predominantly 21%–40% slope and more than 40%. The
vulnerability level is categorized as high. In the critical land created by the
landslide, there is a reduction in soil fertility due to surface stripping, increased
erosion, and surface runoff causing sedimentation and river flooding. Land
rehabilitation efforts are necessary to improve the quality of land resources in
the post-landslide area and support the ecosystem while generating economic
value for affected landowners. An agroforestry system, with a vertical
arrangement of species strata, can be implemented in the post-landslide
location to serve ecological and economic functions, and optimize land resource
quality through fertilizer application.

Keywords: landslide; critical landscape; land degradation; agroforestry

A20

Effect of Variation of Growth Media on The Content of Carbohydrate,

Protein and Fat Magot Black Soldier Fly ( Hermetia illucens )

Anita Oktari1*, Dinar Rahaju Pudjiastuti1, Euis Yuliani2, Novi Fitria2,

Noviana Vanawati3, Fitri Fadhilah1, Haidir Syafrullah4, Nur Asih1
1 Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Sekolah Tinggi Analis Bakti Asih, 233 rd
Padasuka Atas Street, Bandung, Indonesia
2 Department of Chemistry, Sekolah Tinggi Analis Bakti Asih, 233 rd Padasuka Atas Street,

Bandung, Indonesia
3Department of Biology, Sekolah Ilmu dan Teknologi Hayati, Institut Teknologi Bandung,

10th Ganesha Street, Bandung, Indonesia

4Department of Midwifery, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Dharma Husada, 75 th Terusan

Jakarta Street, Bandung, Indonesia

E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. Solid waste is a complex problem faced by all countries. Processing

of organic waste generally uses composting method. But composting takes quite
a long time to degrade organic waste. Efforts to deal with organic waste by
turning it into bioenergy are one of the efforts that are now being intensively
carried out, namely by cultivating BSF maggot.The use of organic waste as food
source for Black Soldier Fly (BSF) larvae is an alternative processing method
that has a waste reduction acceleration of 62.68-73.98% . These larvae in turn
are ground to become food for farm-animals, either in lands, such as cows,
chicken, goat, and also in aquatic farming as food for catfish or any other fish.
Research has been conducted to culture BSF maggots in three different media
namely tofu dregs waste, vegetables waste, fruit wastes. Maggots for 20 days
are fed with these media and then the maggots are turned off and their
carbohydrate, protein, fat contents are measured. Maggots growth also
analyzed by measuring their length, weight, density of population and rate of
consumption. The highest fat content is in maggots fed with vegetable waste
(24,1409%), highest carbohydrate content is in fruit waste (8,52%), highest
protein content is in tofu dregs waste (36,6402%), highest consumption is fruit
waste (73,5%), highest density population in vegetable waste (0,0088%),
longest maggot is in tofu dregs waste (2,052 cm), highest weight is in vegetable
waste (4,096 cm).

Keywords: Black Soldier Fly; maggot; vegetable waste; fruit waste; tofu dregs
waste.
A21

S-BESE: strategy to improve the quality of life in the coastal areas

Sindy Allaam Claudia1, Assyifa Tasma Ramadhina1, Ni Putu Indah Gita

Cahyani1, Sri Sarjana1*

1Politeknik Transportasi Darat Indonesia – STTD, Jl. Raya Setu No. 89 Bekasi,
Indonesia

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. The seacoast area of West Kalimantan has a wealth of marine and
river fishery resources that have the potential to be utilized optimally including
fishing, conservation, port activities, marine cultivation, coastal and water
tourism. Various problems in coastal areas that need to be prioritized to provide
solutions include the occurrence of illegal fishing, damage to coral reef
ecosystems, mangroves and coastal abrasion, not yet optimal development of
ponds where utilization only reaches 40% of their potential, natural disasters
which result in increased poverty and ecosystem damage, as well as the growth
of corruption and injustice. The method developed in this study was carried out
descriptively and qualitatively by developing in-depth analysis through SWOT.
The results provide solutions for improvements and innovations related to the
problems faced including the implementation of a blue economy by utilizing
modernization of fishing gear, developing a paradigm shift from land resources
to water resources, and producing garbage filters in rivers so they don't wash
away into the sea. This study will be directed to be able to improve the quality
of life economically, socially and while maintaining the ecology in coastal areas.

Keywords: blue economy; sustainable social; sustainable ecology;

modernization of fishing gear; garbage filter equipment
A22

Synthesis of ferrate by electrolysis of iron at extreme pH for remediation

of aquatic environments from dye and antibiotic wastes

Gunawan1*, Nor Basid Adi Prasetya1, Roni Adi Wijaya1

1 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro

University, Jl. Prof. H. Soedarto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang 50275, Indonesia

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. The presence of dyestuffs and antibiotics in aquatic environments

creates toxic contaminants and microbial resistance, which are harmful to
human health and require special handling methods. The advanced oxidation
process method with ferrate (Fe(VI)) oxidising material has the potential for
effective degradation of water pollutants, is environmentally friendly, and is easy
to prepare. Therefore, in this study, ferrate synthesized by electrolysis of iron at
extreme pH for the remediation of the aquatic environment from dye and
antibiotic wastes has been successfully conducted. Electrolysis was carried out
in NaOH 14 M electrolyte using iron and zinc plates as anode and cathode
electrodes, respectively. The effects of synthesis parameters such as time,
NaOH concentration, type of electrolyte solution, and ferrate stability were
observed. In addition, ferrate was applied to degrade methylene blue dye and
the ciprofloxacin antibiotic. The degradation mechanism and application
parameters such as pH, dosage, and time were also observed. The success of
the synthesis was confirmed by the presence of FeO (OH) groups and the
Na2FeO4 peaks characterised using FTIR, XRF, and XRD. Ferrate application
for dyes obtained the best results on methylene blue degradation of 98% at pH
8, a ferrate dose of 1.1 mg, and a contact time of 70 minutes. While the optimum
ciprofloxacin degradation of 86.7% was obtained at pH 7, 120 minutes, and a
ferrate dose of 1.1 mg, Dye degradation occurs through the breakdown of the
C-S=C and azo (N=N) bonds, whereas in antibiotics it occurs through the
reaction of HFeO4-/H2FeO4 with the active site of the piperazine ring. This shows
that Ferrate has the potential for water remediation from dye and antibiotic waste
for a better environment.

Keywords: ferrate; dyes; antibiotic; waste

A23

Fungi as Bioremediation and sustainable Energy Production Agents:

Mercury Reduction using Isolatesnnof Indigenous Fungi from Gold Mining
in Kedungbanteng, Banyumas

Ratna Stia Dewi1*, Gunawan Pratama Yoga Yoga2 , Rina Andriyani3 , Yohanes
Susanto Ridwan 4 , Arie Pujiwati5, Haris Raditya Subandrio1, Zakia Az Zahro1,
Ajeng Arum Sari2
1Faculty of Biology, Universitas Jendral Soedirman, Jl. Dr. Soeparno No. 63, Purwokerto
53122, Indonesia
2Research Center for Limnology and Water Resources- BRIN
3Research Center for Environmental and Clean Technology - BRIN
4Directorate of Laboratory Management, Research Facilities, and Science and Technology

Park - BRIN
5Secretariat General of the National Energy Council, Ministry of Energy and Mineral

Resources, Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources

6Directorate of Research and Innovation Funding - BRIN
*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. Indonesia is a country with large reserves of gold resources. Around

2 million Indonesians use gold reserves illegally. One of the illegal gold mining
and panning places is located in Kedungbanteng, Banyumas, Central Java,
Indonesia. The gold extraction process in illegal mining uses the heavy metal
mercury (Hg). Mercury waste is often discharged directly into rivers without
treatment. The adverse effects of mercury include disrupting the respiratory and
nervous systems, damaging aquatic ecosystems, and contaminating human
food and water supplies. Environmental pollution caused by mercury waste can
be degraded through a remediation process. Bioremediation is the use of
organisms (such as fungi) to control waste substances. The research began with
the isolation and identification of fungal isolates from the sludge waste of the
Kedungbanteng gold mine, Banyumas Regency that have the potential to
reduce mercury (Hg), followed by testing the effectiveness of fungal isolates
from the sludge waste of the Kedungbanteng gold mine, Banyumas Regency in
reducing mercury (Hg) both qualitatively and quantitatively. The results showed
that isolates of indigenous fungi that had the potential to reduce mercury (Hg) in
the gold mine waste of the people of Kedungbanteng, Banyumas Regency were
obtained from the genus Aspergillus (A2 isolate) and Penicillium (A1, A4, and
A5) isolates, as well as the Basidiomycota phylum (A3 isolate).
Qualitatively, the isolate that is able to reduce mercury (Hg) is isolate A2 of the
Aspergillus genus with a dry weight value of the fungal mycelium of 0.55 grams,
the diameter of the fungal colony is 4.9 cm, and the results of the color change
test form a precipitate with yellow and white colors that are not concentrated.
Isolates A3, A5, and A6 were the three most adaptable fungi in media containing
high levels of Hg.
Isolates A3, A4, A5 can reduce mercury levels by 46%; 32%; 48%, respectively.
The highest average percentage decrease in Hg levels was observed in fungi
with code A3 in measurements of Hg levels in fungal biomass and in the media.
These fungi have mechanisms using cytoplasmic phytochelatins (PC) or
mobilization using glutathione complex (GSH), which will transfer Hg to vacuoles
with the ycf1 transporter.

Keywords: Banyumas; gold mine; Hg; writing skills

A26

The Effectiveness of Combination of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and

Compost Amelioran on Sengon Growth in Former Coal Mine Soil

Ratna Stia Dewi1*, Riza Zainuddin Ahmad2, BJ. Basuki3, Izzatun Nisa1, Elsya
Rosianita1

1 Faculty of Biology, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Jl. dr. Soeparno No 63

Karangwangkal Purwokerto 53122, Central Java, Indonesia. Tel./Fax. +62 281
638794/+62 281 638794.
2 Veterinary research center-National Research and Innovation Agency, Jl.
Thamrin Jakarta, Indonesia.
3 PT. Asmin Bara Bronang, Kapuas, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia.
*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. Mining activities give a negative impact to the soil which become the
ex-coal mine soil. The soil has a solid soil structure and low nutrient content so
isn’t suitable for planting. The problems need to be improved by being treated
with biological agents from soil microorganisms such as Arbuscular Mycorrhizal
Fungi (AMF). The provision of AMF on ex-coal mine soil with the addition of
ameliorant compost can be one strategy that can be used. AMF can help
increase plant growth and help the process of absorption of phosphate (P) by
plants. Compost from goat manure can help the association between AMF and
plant roots, also being a source of nutrients that are free from chemicals. The
plants which suitable for this association are sengon. Sengon commonly used
to help revegetation of ex-mining soil because it is able to withstand various
conditions of overgrown soil. This study aims to determine the effect of the
addition of a combination of AMF and compost on the growth of sengon plants
in the soil of ex-coal mines. Observations were made weekly until the age of
three months; the best results were the results at the end of the observation.
The results showed that the AMF dose and the addition of compost had an effect
on increasing plant height, increasing plant stem diameter, percent AMF
colonization, number of leaves, and dry weight of plant roots. The dose of AMF
and effective addition of compost was started at treatment D4 (AMF 15 g +
Compost 35 g), and the treatment with the highest yield was obtained by
treatment D5 (AMF 20 g + Compost 35).

Keywords: arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; compost; ex-coal mining soil; growth,

A30

A Double Linker ZIF-8-derived ZnO for Enhance Photocatalytic

Performance of Methylene Blue

Liyana Labiba Zulfa1*, Ratna Ediati1

1 Department of Chemistry, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Sukolilo,

Indonesia

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. The utilisation of double linker-MOF-derived metal oxide has been

recognised as a highly effective approach for strengthening photocatalytic
performance, owing to its ability to optimise the electronic structure, mitigate
charge carrier recombination, and enhance charge carrier migration. Herein,
double linker ZIF-8-derived ZnO has been successfully synthesized with a MIM
and NH2BDC as double linkers under one-step room temperature method. The
X-ray diffraction pattern of ZnO-double linkers has identical peak characteristics
to that of ZnO-single linker. The results of optical characterization suggest that
the ZnO-double linker exhibits superior properties in comparison to ZnO-single
linkers. The photoluminescence spectrum demonstrates that ZnO-double linkers
have a lower intensity than ZnO, suggesting that ZnO-double linkers possess a
lower recombination charge carrier than ZnO-single linker. It was found that after
using a double linker, the photocatalytic performance of ZnO was higher than
that of ZnO-single ligand when measured with methylene blue (MB) dye under
UV LED illumination. ZnO-double linker showed superior MB photodegradation
of 96.77% in 90 min and adopts first-order type kinetics with a rate constant
value of 0.33. The enhanced photocatalytic performance of ZnO-double linkers
can be attributed to their band gap tuning and excellent charge separation due
to the presence of oxygen vacancies that cumulatively inhibit volume
recombination, which supports the enhancement in photodegradation of MB
over their control. Finally, trapping experiments and a proposed mechanism
were discussed to study the photocatalytic MB degradation reaction.

Keywords: ZIF-8; Double Linker; ZnO from Doble Linker; Photocatalytic

A31

Modification of Ni doped bimetallic UiO-66 with Fe3O4@SiO2 for

adsorption congo red

Alvin Romadhoni Putra Hidayat1*, Ratna Ediati1

1 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Data Analytics, Institut
Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Jl. Arif Rahman Hakim, Kampus ITS Keputih-
Sukolilo, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. UiO-66 is one MOF type often used as an adsorbent for congo red
(CR) dye. However, UiO-66 has the disadvantage that it is difficult to separate.
Adding Fe3O4@SiO2 magnetic material can facilitate the separation of the
adsorbent. However, the addition of metal oxides can reduce adsorption
capacity. A nickel doping process is carried out on the MOF magnetic
composite. The synthesized material has an XRD pattern with characteristic
peaks of UiO-66 and Fe3O4@SiO2, spherical morphology with a rough surface,
and type IV adsorption isotherm with hysteresis loops close to the H1 type. In
addition, the VSM test results show that the composite material has magnetic
properties with a magnetic saturation intensity of 8.16 emu/g. The performance
of the composite as an adsorbent for CR dyes in water reached a maximum
adsorption capacity of 210 mg/g for materials with the addition of 5% nickel
doping The results of the kinetics study showed that all materials followed
pseudo second order kinetics and Langmuir isotherm. The adsorption The
mechanism between CR dyes and adsorbents consists of π-π interactions,
hydrogen bonds, and electrostatic interactions.

Keywords: adsorption; congo red; Fe3O4/SiO2; metal organic framework;

nickel doped
A32
Facile Room Temperature Synthesis of MIL-100(Fe) from Magnetic Waste
of Zircon Mining and Its Application for Methylene Blue Removal

1,2Karelius,
K.,1*Ediati, R.,1Kulsum, U.,2Agnestisia, R.
1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Data Analysis, Institut
Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, , Kampus ITS Keputih-Sukolilo, Surabaya 60111,
Indonesia
2Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences,

Universitas Palangka Raya, Palangka Raya 73111, Indonesia

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. Several dominant minerals found in the magnetic separation of

zirconium mining waste are minerals that contain iron (Fe). These materials can
be used as adsorbents or catalysts to overcome various kinds of environmental
problems. One of the materials that can be synthesized by using iron (Fe)
compounds as a precursor is MIL-100 (Fe) which is one of the many materials
known as Metal organic framework (MOF). The aim of this research was to
produce MIL-100(Fe) by utilizing containing iron (Fe) in magnetic waste of zircon
mining as an adsorbent for methylene blue dye. The first step of this research
was destruction of magnetic waste of zircon mining with HCl. The filtrate then
was used for the synthesis of MIL-100(Fe). MIL-100(Fe) synthesis was carried
out by reacting the destruction filtrate was reacted with trimesic acid (H 3BTC)
which was dissolved in NaOH with a molar ratio of 1.5 Fe: 1 H3BTC : 3 NaOH.
The reaction was continued for 24 until reddish orange precipitate was obtained.
The reddish orange precipitate then was characterized by FTIR, XRD and SEM-
EDX. The obtained material was tested for its performance as an adsorbent for
methylene blue dye. The characterization results of synthesized MIL-100(Fe) by
utilizing magnetic waste of zircon mining are similar with the characteristics of
synthesized MIL-100(Fe) with the common method. It indicates that MIL-100(Fe)
was successfully synthesized using magnetic waste of zircon mining. The
adsorption of methylene blue by synthesized MIL-100(Fe) in this research
follows a pseudo second order kinetic equation with an adsorption rate constant
(k2) of 1.65x10-3 g/mg.minute. The adsorption pattern follows the Langmuir
isotherm with maximum adsorption capacity of 222.89 mg/g, equilibrium
constant adsorption (K) of 3.88x105 L/mol and adsorption energy (E) of 31.88
kJ/mol.

Keywords: adsorption, magnetic waste, methylene blue, MIL-100(Fe), zircon

mining
A33

Determinant Factor of Environmental Quality Based on Carbon Footprint

Levels in Asia Using Regression Model and Jacobian Optimization Method

Oktaviani Aisyah Putri1, Abdussalam Ahmad1, Muhammad Farhan Zahid1, Nabil

Izzany1, Siti Aisyah1, Sachnaz Desta Oktarina2‡

1,2Department of Statistics, IPB University, Indonesia

‡corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract. The rapid economic growth in Asia has resulted in significant carbon
emissions, leading to global climate change and environmental degradation.
The situation is closely linked to increased industrial activities, population
growth, and high energy consumption. Thus, this research is focused on
analyzing whether Growth Domestic Product per Capita, Foreign Direct
Investment per Capita, Energy Use per Capita, and Forestland Emissions per
Capita are associated with carbon footprint records in Asia. The attempt is
conducted by employing parameter estimation of carbon footprint using
regression model and Jacobian Optimization procedure. The model
incorporates data from FAOSTAT, Global Footprint Network, and the World
Bank in 2018. The result suggested that if GDP per Capita increase by 1000
unit, then the estimated average of Carbon Footprint per Capita will also
increase by 0.2, holding other variables remain constant. The finding contributes
to formulating effective strategies for carbon footprint reduction and sustainable
development in the region. The optimized parameter estimation provides
valuable insights into the factors affecting the carbon footprint in Asia.

Keywords: Carbon Footprint, Jacobian Iteration, Ordinary Least Square, GDP

Per Capita, Energy Use per capita, Forestland Emission per capita.
A34

Solvothermal Synthesis of Zr-based MOFs with Mixed Linker as Adsorbent

for Methyl Orange in Water

Miftahul Jannah, Alvin Romadhoni Putra Hidayat, and Ratna Ediati*

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Data Analytics, Institut
Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Jl. Arif Rahman Hakim, Kampus ITS Keputih-
Sukolilo, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. Synthesis of materials UiO-66 mixed linker with the addition acetic
acid modulator was successfully carried out by the solvothermal method at
120℃. UiO-66 modified with mixed linker can improve stability in water, has
systematically and functionally modulated pores. When the concentration of each
linker increases, the linkers coalesce in one place and produce cluster defects.
Synthesis of UiO-66 mixed linker was carried out with a ratio of adding H 2BDC
and NH2BDC each of 3:1 to moles of ligand. The XRD diffractogram and FTIR
spectra of the synthesized material have the same pattern with the peak
characteristics of UiO-66 and UiO-66-NH2. The synthesized material has a
spherical morphology with a rough surface. The performance of the materials as
an adsorbent for methyl orange (MO) dyes in water reached a maximum
adsorption capacity of 161,93 mg/g for materials UiO-66 mixed linker (75%
H2BDC and 25% NH2BDC). The results of the adsorption for all the synthesized
materials they followed the apparent pseudo-second-order kinetics and
Langmuir isotherm. The adsorption mechanism between the adsorbent and
methyl orange dyes consists of π-π interactions, hydrogen bonds, and
electrostatic interactions.

Keywords: adsorption; methyl orange; mixed linker; MOF; UiO-66

A35
Facile Synthesis of Mesoporous Iron(III) Oxide Supported Zinc Oxide
Quantum Dots (ZnO/Fe2O3 QDs) Based on MIL-100(Fe) for Efficient
Degradation of Anionic Dyes

Ummu Kulsum, Ratna Ediati*, Nuhaa Faaizatunnisa, and Karelius

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Data Analytics, Institute
Technology of Sepuluh Nopember, Jl. Arif Rahman Hakimi, Kampus ITS
Keputih-Sukolilo, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia
*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. Toxic dyes are one of the most serious and common industrial
pollutants released into natural water thus posing a major threat to human life.
This requires a renewable method to overcome it, namely photocatalysis. As an
active photocatalyst, ZnO quantum dots (QDs) has high stability but has a wide
band gap (3.37 eV) and on the other hand, MIL-100(Fe) is a type of metal
organic framework (MOF) which can be used as a precursor for the formation of
mesoporous Fe2O3 with a low band gap (2.1 eV), so it can be used as a wide
band gap photocatalyst sensitizer to increase visible light harvesting and is able
to form a heterojunction system with ZnO. In this study, a new synthesis route
for ZnO/Fe2O3 composites is proposed through a simple calcination method of
ZnO/MIL-100(Fe) as a sacrificial template. The ZnO/MIL-100(Fe) composite
was prepared using one-pot synthesis at room temperature with ZnO QDs
variations of 25 and 50% where ZnO QDs was prepared in a soft chemical route
by aging process. The XRD and FTIR results indicated that there was a
reduction of oxygen-containing groups in the MIL-100(Fe) precursor. SEM
image for the composite undergoing a change due to the presence of ZnO and
the ZnO/MIL-100(Fe) calcination process. To understand the role of synthesized
materials in the removal of dye pollutants, a brief systematic study of the
photocatalytic behavior towards the degradation of various toxic anionic dyes
was carried out using Methyl Orange (MO) and Congo Red (CR) as model dyes.
As a result, ZnO/Fe2O3 QDs derived ZnO/MIL-100(Fe) showed better
photocatalytic activity than ZnO/MIL-100(Fe) towards the degradation of these
dyes under irradiation. This indicates that the increased photocatalytic
performance of ZnO/Fe2O3 QDs is a benefit of the synergistic effect between the
semiconductor ZnO QDs and porous Fe2O3.

Keywords: Anionic dye; MIL-100(Fe); Photocatalytic; Quantum dots;

ZnO/Fe2O3
A36
Synergistic Adsorption-Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue
by Fe3O4/HKUST-1 Composite Modified with Graphene Oxide
Desindy Ramadhani Putri, Ratna Ediati*, Liyana Labiba Zulfa
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Data Analytics, Institute
Technology of Sepuluh Nopember, Jl. Arif Rahman Hakim, Kampus ITS
Keputih-Sukolilo, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia
*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. The presence of synthetic dyes in effluents from industries has

caused deleterious environmental impacts. Methylene blue (MB) is the most
common example of cationic dyes and the complex structure of MB makes it
harder to be removed from the wastewater by conventional techniques. The
integration of adsorption and photocatalytic has been proposed to overcome the
drawbacks of the sole technology for more efficient and eco-friendly removal.
Adsorption can promote photocatalysis by enhancing the contact between
pollutants and photocatalyst. Metal Organic Frameworks (MOFs), as an
photocatalyst materials with uniform and tunable porous that have been used as
light-sensitive semiconductors under irradiation. A magnetic MOF composite,
Fe3O4/HKUST-1 have been successfully synthesized using the solvothermal
method. The addition of graphene oxide (GO) using the in-situ method with mass
variations of 5, 10, and 20%. XRD and FTIR results revealed the presence of
GO which was dispersed into the composite. SEM images for the composite
showed GO/Fe3O4/HKUST-1 was octahedral with Fe3O4 and GO distributed on
the surface as well as between HKUST-1. TGA results of GO
(20)/Fe3O4/HKUST-1 showed at 430 °C higher than HKUST-1 (356 °C). An
optimum pH 7 was obtained for all the samples. When the initial concentration
of MB was 50 mg/L, the composites exhibited high MB removal efficiency
(92,75%) under irradiation through the combination of adsorption-photocatalytic.
The effective removal of Fe3O4/HKUST-1 combined with the photocatalyst
properties of GO, makes the composite highly efficient for applications in water
purification. The adsorption kinetics and isotherms of MB on the
GO/Fe3O4/HKUST-1 were well fitted with pseudo-second-order kinetic model
and Langmuir model, respectively.

Keywords: adsorption-photocatalytic; Fe3O4; graphene oxide; HKUST-1;

methylene blue
B02
Efficient Removal of Copper (II) Ions from Aqueous Solution Using KOH-
Activated Carbon-based Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Materials

Nidya Chitraningrum1*, Lita Rahmasari2, Hana Arisesa3, Ahmad Fudholi4,5,

Wahyudi Nandana Munte6, Mira Ayu Rahmawati2, Abdul Ngalimus Salam2
1Research Center for Biomass and Bioproducts, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor 16911,
Indonesia
2Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Insinyur Sutami
No.36 A, Surakarta 57126, Indonesia
3Research Center for Telecommunication, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bandung 40135,

Indonesia
4Research Center for Energy Conversion and Conservation, National Research and

Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jl. Sangkuriang, Bandung 40135, Indonesia

5Solar Energy Research Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor 43600, Malaysia
6Department of Physics, University of Riau, Simpang Baru, Pekanbaru 28293, Indonesia

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. Indonesia is one of the largest palm oil producing countries in the world. In
the production of palm oil from fresh oil palm fruit bunches, more than 25% of empty
palm fruit bunches wastes are produced which, if not managed properly, will pollute
the environment. One way to reduce the abundant amount of oil palm empty fruit
bunch wastes is to use or reprocess them into a material with added value. Through
chemical activation and subsequent carbonization, the oil palm empty fruit bunch
waste can transform into an activated carbon materials that is very useful as an
absorbent material. In this work, we investigate the adsorption properties of activated
carbon derived oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) in order to remove the Cu(II) ions
from aqueous solutions. We prepared the activated carbon-based OPEDB with
pretreatment hydrothermal carbonization, KOH activation and pyrolysis at 800 oC for
2 h. The crystal structure and morphology of activated carbon-based OPEFB is
characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD) and field-emission scanning electron
microscopy (FE-SEM) with energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDAX) , respectively.
The porous structure is analyzed through Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET)
characterization. The BET analysis shows the well-porous structure with specifiec
surface area of 693 m2/g that will increase the adsorption ability for Cu(II) ions
removal. The adsorption of Cu(II) ions on activated carbon-based OPEFB has been
studied by different contact time and the solution concentration and the adsorption
properties is characterized by the atomic absorption spectroscopy. The AAS shows
the reduction of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solution almost 100% from the initial level
(from 99.28 mg/l to 0.0032 mg/l) by adding only 0.15 grams of activated carbon-based
OPEFB with impregnated time for about 15 minutes. This work revealed that the
activated carbon-based OPEFB is a suitable adsorbent for Cu(II) ions from aqueous
solution.

Keywords: activated carbon; adsorption properties; Cu(II) removal; porous materials

B03
Increased Growth of Ferronickel Grains with the Selective Reduction
Method Using a Biomass as Reductant

Yuliana Sari1,2*, Azwar Manaf2, Widi Astuti1, Fajar Nurjaman1, dan Fathan
Bahfie1,2
1Research Center for Mining Technology, National Research and Innovation

Agency (BRIN), Jl. Ir. Sutami Km. 15, Tanjung Bintang, Sindang Sari, South
Lampung, Lampung, 35361, Indonesia
2Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences,

University of Indonesia, Depok, West Java, 1642, Indonesia

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. Nickel laterite is generally processed into ferronickel by

pyrometallurgical method with high temperatures using fossil fuel, such as coals
or cokes, which emits CO2, SO2, and NOx to the environment. Developing the
low-temperature processes and using biomass as fuel and reductant are several
ways to solve such problems. Selective reduction in nickel laterite processing is
a low-temperature and high flexibility in using carbon-bearing reductant types.
This work studied using some biomass as the reductants in the selective
reduction process of saprolitic nickel ore. The raw materials consisted of
saprolitic nickel ore, sodium sulfate as additives, and some biomass as
reductants (palm shell charcoal, rubber wood charcoal, lamtoro wood charcoal,
and coconut shell charcoal). They were pelleted and dried at 120°C for 4 hours,
selectively reduced at 1150°C for 1 hour, then cooled rapidly by quenching in
water. The reduced pellet was ground to pass a 200 mesh sieve, followed by a
wet magnetic separation process using a 500-gauss permanent magnet to
separate ferronickel (magnetic phase) from impurities (non-magnetic particle).
X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), and Scanning Electron
Microscope-Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) were used to analyze
the chemical composition of ferronickel and impurities, phase transformation,
and microstructure of reduced ore, respectively. The optimal condition was
found using 0.3 stoichiometric carbon of palm shell charcoal, resulting in nickel
content and recovery of 22.778% and 27.541%, respectively. The reduced pellet
phases consisted of forsterite, diopside, ferronickel, and olivine. In addition, the
ferronickel grains become larger by increasing the reductant amount, thus
positively affecting the degree of liberation of ferronickel from impurities, which
increases nickel recovery.

Keywords: biomass reducer; ferronickel; nickel laterite ore; selective reduction;

B04

Competitive Adsorption of Gold Ion in the Presence of Fe(III) Species on

Mg/Al Layered Double Hydroxides

Muh. Nur Khoiru Wihadi*

Research Center for Chemistry, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN),
Republik Indonesia, Kawasan Sains dan Teknologi (KST) B. J. Habibie, Tangerang Selatan
15311, Indonesia

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. In this paper, Mg/Al layered double hydroxide (LDH) was prepared
via the co-precipitation method and used as adsorbent of gold (AuCl4-) with Fe3+
as the competitor ion in the aqueous solution. We conducted an adsorption test
for single (without competitor) and binary (presence competitor) solutions. The
adsorbent was characterized using FT-IR (Fourier transform infrared
spectroscopy), powder XRD (X-ray diffraction) and FE-SEM (Field emission
scanning electron microscopy). The effect of solution acidity indicated that the
optimum adsorption of AuCl4- without competitor was pH 3. The kinetic study
revealed that the adsorbent followed pseudo-second-order with a rate constant
(k) of 2.88 x 10-3 and 3.92 x 10-3 g/(mg.min) for the single and binary solutions,
respectively. According to the Langmuir isotherm model, the adsorption capacity
was 21.74 and 14.29 mg g-1 for single and binary solutions, respectively. The
morphological characteristic of the adsorbent showed the layered structure with
the hexagonal platelet-type images.

Keywords: competitive adsorption; gold; iron; Mg/Al layered double hydroxide

B05

In Situ Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles from Electric Arc Furnace

Dust Waste for Functionalization of Fabric: Optimization with Response
Surface Methodology

Istihanah Nurul Eskani1,2, Edia Rahayuningsih2*, Widi Astuti3 and Bidhari

Pidhatika4
1Centre for Craft and Batik, Ministry of Industry, Jl. Kusumanegara No. 7 Yogyakarta
55166, Indonesia
2Department of Chemical Engineering, Jl. Grafika No. 2 Yogyakarta, 55281 and

Indonesia Natural Dye Institute (INDI), Gadjah Mada University, Jl. Kaliurang Km. 4 Sekip
Utara, Kabupaten Sleman, Yogyakarta 5528, Indonesia
3Research Center for Mining Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency

(BRIN), Jl. Ir. Sutami Km.15, Tanjung Bintang, Lampung 35361, Indonesia
4Research Centre for Polymer Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency

(BRIN), Serpong, Tangerang Selatan 15314, Indonesia and Collaborative Research

Center for Biomedical Scaffolds, National Research and Innovation Agency of the
Republic Indonesia and Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jalan Denta, Sekip Utara No.1,
Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. Electric Arc Furnace Dust (EAFD) is a solid waste produced by the
stainless steel producing industry. The zinc content in this material can reach
50-60%, so it is very potential to be recycled to produce zinc compounds. This study
aims to conduct in situ synthesis of Zinc Oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) from
EAFD waste for functionalization of natural dye colored batik fabric. EAFD was
leached using 3 M nitric acid and the leaching solution was used as a precursor
for the in situ synthesis of ZnO NPs on natural dye-colored batik fabric. The in
situ synthesis of ZnO NPs was optimized using Response Surface Methodology
with Box-Behnken Design (BBD) method. The independent variables were
varied (the concentration of leaching solution, pH and temperature of the
synthesis) and the responses were investigated using FESEM-EDX and XRD to
determine the success of the ZnO NPs synthesis. Under optimal condition, the
natural dye-colored batik fabric was imparted by 27 nm diameter of ZnO NPs
and had an antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria.

Keywords: EAFD waste; optimization; response surface methodology; zinc

oxide nanoparticles
B06

Energy Transition and Energy Metals Resources in Indonesia

Ernowo 1* & Arifudin Idrus2

1 Research Centre for Geological Resources, National Research and Innovation

Agency, Bandung, Indonesia

2 Department of Geological Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta,

Indonesia
**E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. The energy transition is a continuous process that requires a long-

term energy strategy and planning, which must be taken by all countries in
accordance with the UN SDGs. Indonesia will convert fossil energy into green
and renewable energy such as biomass, hydropower, geothermal, wind energy
and solar cells to mitigate the global energy crisis and achieve the Net Zero
Energy Roadmap. The development of the alternative energy industries is highly
dependent on mineral raw materials known as energy metals. This study is
aimed to determine the resources and occurrences of energy metals in
Indonesia to ensure the sustainability of the energy transition. Metals required
for the energy industry and its resources are collected from reports and data
interpreted. Indonesia has dominant resources for several energy metals.
Some of the main commodities are tin, nickel, aluminum and copper. Nickel
reserves in Indonesia are 25% of the world, which is also associated with cobalt,
both of which are raw materials for batteries. These main commodities also
contain several important energy metals such as REE which is associated with
tin, whereas vanadium and gallium are by-products of aluminum bauxite. In
addition, Indonesia is the 7th biggest country of copper resources. Currently, the
availability of national metal energy is constrained by the refining industry which
has not been able to provide elemental products. Therefore, it is necessary to
downstream and efficiency recovery in processing to extract those main- and
by-products. To discover unidentified raw materials such as lithium and to
increase the main commodities resources, it is necessary to carry out massive
and systematic exploration by applying the mineralization concept and
integrated methodology.

Keywords: energy transition; exploration; metals; resources

B09

Effect of pH Neutral on The Separation of Nickel and Cobalt from Laterite

Leaching Solution using Cyanex 272

Aulia Pertiwi Tri Yuda1,2*, Himawan Tri Bayu Murti Petrus1, Widi Astuti2

1Chemical Engineering Department, Gadjah Mada University, Sinduadi, Kec.

Mlati, Sleman Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia
2Research Center of Mining Technology, National Research and Innovation

Agency (BRIN), Sutami Km 15, South Lampung, Lampung, Indonesia

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. Nickel and cobalt from laterite ores are mostly recovered first in the
forms of intermediate products such as mixed hydroxide precipitate (MHP) and
mixed sulphide precipitate (MSP). In the current study, nickel and cobalt were
separated from pregnant leaching solution from laterite ores directly using
solvent extraction method. Cyanex 272 was used as a solvent. The raw material
used was Indonesian laterite ore from Halmahera Island that contains Ni
(1.72%), Co (0.155%), Fe (26.17%), and other minor elements. The effect of pH
in a neutral condition was investigated on the extraction efficiency, distribution
coefficient, and separation factor. Nitric acid (1M) was applied as the leaching
reagent. The variables include pH variations (6.8; 7.0; 7.2; 7.4; 7.6), 15%
Cyanex 272, and O/A ratio = 1 at 15 minutes with a stirring speed of 200 rpm.
Optimum results were obtained at pH 7.6 with an extraction efficiency of
36.561% of Co and 14.369% of Ni. At these optimum conditions, the highest
distribution coefficient value of Co separation is 0.576 at pH 7.6 with a separation
factor 3.434. It is indicated that at the optimum condition, Co was extracted to
the organic phase, while Ni was still in the aqueous phase.

Keywords: cobalt; Cyanex 272; nickel; nickel laterite; solvent extraction.

B10

The Potential of Palm Frond-Based Magnetic Biochar for Peat Water

Treatment

Lita Darmayanti1*, Sherin Juliani1, David Andrio1,2

Department of Environmental Engineering, Universitas Riau, Kampus Bina
Widya Simpang Baru Pekanbaru, 28293, Indonesia
2Pusat Studi Penerapan Teknologi dan Energi Universitas Riau
*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. Riau Province has the largest palm plantation in Indonesia. The
amount of palm plantation waste is quite large so it needs to be managed so as
not to pollute the environment. Palm plantation waste has a high lignocellulose
content so that it has the potential to be used as raw material for making biochar.
Biochar has a high effectiveness in removing organic substances in water.
Despite its high adsorption capacity, biochar is difficult to separate from water
due to its very small particle size. To solve this problem can be used magnetic
biochar. Magnetic biochar is the result of magnetization of biochar with the
addition of chemicals containing metal ions and pyrolyzed with little or no
oxygen. The synthesis of magnetic biochar is strongly influenced by the
impregnation ratio and pyrolysis temperature. This study aims to synthesize
magnetic biochar from palm fronds by varying the impregnation ratio, pyrolysis
temperature, and particle size and testing its ability to adsorb color and natural
organic matter in peat water. Magnetic biochar was synthesized by FeCl3.6H2O
impregnation ratio of 0.4;0.5;0.6;0.7, pyrolysis temperature 450oC;500oC with N2
gas flow, and particle size escaped sieve 30;80 mesh. The adsorption test
results showed synthetic magnetic biochar with an impregnation ratio of 0.7;
pyrolysis temperature of 500oC and particle size of 80 mesh have the highest
efficiency in removing colors and natural organic substances of 71.8% and
78.6% respectively. From the proximate test, the magnetic biochar moisture
content was 0.5%, ash content of 3.37%, volatile content of 12.02%, and iodine
absorption of 1134 mg/g. This result has met the quality of technical activated
carbon in SNI 06-3730-1995. From statistical tests, it was found that the
impregnation ratio had a significant influence on the efficiency of color and
organic substances. The results showed that magnetic biochar made from palm
frond has the potential to be used as an adsorbent in peat water treatment.

Keywords: adsorption; impregnation ratio; magnetic biochar; palm fronds;

pyrolysis temperature;
B14

Thermal Properties and FTIR Spectroscopy: Edible Film of Chitosan

Glycerol Utilizes Gamma Irradiation

Akhmad Rasyid Syahputra1*, Ade Lestari Yunus1, Asti Nilatany1, Oktaviani1,

Nunung Nuryanthi1
1Research Center for Radiation Process Technology,

National Research and Innovation Agency, BRIN, Jakarta, Indonesia

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. Chitosan is a biopolymer derived from the shells of crustaceans and

considered environmentally friendly and biodegradable. Glycerol, on the other
hand, is a common plasticizer used in various industries. As chitosan and
glycerol are mixed, they form a polymer blend that can be processed into films,
coatings, or other plastic-like materials. The resulting material exhibits properties
of biodegradability, which means it can break down into non-toxic components
over time through natural processes, reducing its environmental impact. In this
work, degradable plastic is contained chitosan-glycerol films were prepared by
evaporation casting from its solution. Films were placed on the polyethylenes
packages and irradiated by Co-60 gamma rays on various radiation doses. After
irradiation films were stored at ambient temperature. To conduct a more in-depth
analysis, the films undergo characterization using Fourier Transform Infrared
Spectroscopy and Differential Scanning Calorimetry. Additionally, the specific
functional groups within the films were closely observed to investigate the impact
of radiation on them. The study also monitored the endothermic curves of the
films to examine the effects of adding chitosan to glycerol as a plasticizer. The
findings revealed that gamma radiation led to enhanced molecular interaction
between chitosan and glycerol, thereby influencing the thermal properties of
films.

Keywords: melting properties; FTIR spectroscopy; gamma irradiation;

degradable plastic
B12

Evaluating the Physical Properties of Charcoal Briquettes Mixture from

Coconut Dregs, Tea Dregs, and Tapioca Flour

Dina Asmaul Chusniyah *1, a) Reno Pratiwi 2,b) Benyamin 3,c) Kartika Fajarwati
Hartono 2,d) Maman Djumantara 2,e) Yulianus Pandu Wijayanto 2,f)

Petroleum Engineering Program, Faculty of Earth Technology and

1,a,2,b,2,d,2,e,2,f)

Energy, Universitas Trisakti, Jakarta, Indonesia

3,c) Geology Engineering Program, Faculty of Earth Technology and Energy,

Universitas Trisakti, Jakarta, Indonesia

1,a) Geodynamics, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of

Science, Beijing, China.

*)Corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract. Ensuring access to sustainable and environmentally friendly energy

is a pressing concern in modern society, and in response to this critical issue,
governments are actively seeking renewable and alternative energy solutions.
Therefore, this study aims to investigate the physical properties of charcoal
briquettes produced from a mixture of tapioca flour, coconut, and tea dregs. The
key parameters examined include moisture, ash, volatile matter, fixed carbon,
and calorific value. The methodology involved preparing tools and materials,
drying the samples, charring, pounding, making and compressing briquettes
before conducting various measurements. The results showed that the moisture
ranged from 2.022% to 7.61%, aligning with briquette standards. Additionally,
ash measurements ranged between 2.35% and 2.85%, closely meeting the
quality criteria in Japan. The volatile matter ranged from 0.14% - 39.1%, with
certain treatments adhering to briquettes standards. The fixed carbon values fell
between 52.89% - 88.39%, indicating compliance with briquettes standards for
some treatments. The measured calorific value between 4131.34 - 4821.92
cal/gr did not meet the Indonesian briquettes quality standard of ≥ 5000 cal/gr.
The calorific value provided sufficient energy for cooking, either on a household
scale or for small industries. These findings contributed to the understanding of
charcoal briquette production using abundant waste materials, thereby paving
the path for a more sustainable and ecologically friendly energy source for future
applications.

Keywords: Charcoal Briquettes, Physical Properties, Coconut Dregs, Tea

Dregs, and Tapioca Flour
B13

Plant-based Zinc oxide nanostructure and its antibacterial application

Dhiya Fakhirah1, Tya Aisha Maghfira1, Aulia Sukma Hutama1, Abdi Wira
Septama2, Fransiska Sri Herwahyu Krismastuti3*

1 Chemistry Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Gadjah

Mada University, Sekip Utara Kotak Pos BLS 21, Yogyakarta 55281
2Research Center for for Pharmaceutical Ingredients and Traditional Medicine –

BRIN, KST BJ Habibie, Setu, Tangerang Selatan 15314

3Research Center for Chemistry – National Research and Innovation Agency

(BRIN), Building 452, KST BJ Habibie, Serpong, Tangerang Selatan, Banten

15314
*E-mail address: [email protected], [email protected]

Abstract. In recent years, green synthesized nanomaterials have garnered wide

interest due to its inherent features like rapidity, cost-effectiveness and
environmentally friendly technique. The green synthesis of Zinc oxide
nanostructures (n-ZnO) using zinc acetate dehydrate as precursor and two kinds
of plant extract, lavender (Lavendula angustifolia) and meniran (Phyllanthus
urinaria), were discussed and their antibacterial activity were compared.
Characterization by means of X-Ray Diffraction Spectroscopy (XRD), Fourier
Transform Infrared (FTIR), and Field Emission-Scanning Electron
Microscopy/Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (FE-SEM/EDS) were used
to confirm the successful formation of n-ZnO using both plant extracts. The
antibacterial activity of the n-ZnO synthesized from two different plant extracts
were tested against gram-negative bacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae and
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA). The antibacterial
assessment shows that both n-ZnO has antibacterial activity against MRSA.
Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration
(MBC) value for n-ZnO synthesized from meniran extract were 78 μg/mL and156
μg/mL, respectively, while MIC and MBC value for n-ZnO synthesized from
lavender extract were 156 μg/mL and 312 μg/mL, respectively. These results
confirm that the n-ZnO prepared from meniran extract more effective in inhibiting
the MRSA compared to n-ZnO prepared from lavender extract. This study
proves that plant-based n-ZnO contain anti-microbial agents may serve for
antimicrobial therapeutics.

Keywords: lavender; meniran; n-ZnO; MRSA; Klebsiella pneumoniae

B15
Synthesis and Characterization of Coconut Coir Biochar as Potential
Adsorbent for Removal of Pharmaceutical and Personal Care Products in
Waste Water

S Sulistia1*, Arifudin1, M I Sofyan2, Z Abidin3, Efadeswarni1, Suherman1, R O

Witama1, M A Sidik4, R Tanoue5, T Kunisue5, A Sudaryanto1*
1Research Center for Environmental and Clean Technology, National Research and

Innovation Agency (BRIN), KST BJ Habibbie, Serpong, Banten, Indonesia

2Research Center for Chemistry, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), KST

BJ Habibbie, Serpong, Banten, Indonesia

3Department of Chemistry, IPB University, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia
4 Department of Chemistry, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University, Jakarta, Indonesia
5 Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama,

Ehime 790 8577, Japan

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract: Biochar, a solid by-product of pyrolysis has gain attracted the attention of
researchers because of it properties which is suitable for use as an adsorbent as well
as energy source. As an adsorbent, biochar has similar properties to activated carbon
which has high surface area, large pore volume, environmental stability, generous
functional group and high resource recovery. On the other hand, pharmaceuticals and
personal care products (PPCPs) – a class of growing environmental contaminants,
are increasing public concerns for their possible effects on the ecosystem and human
health. Some of PPCPs are pervasive, persistent, and bioaccumulative which thus
making them easily found and currently increase in the environment, including
groundwater and surface water. The main source of surface water contamination with
PPCPs is due to municipal wastewater discharge that has not been adequately
treated. Furthermore, due to coconut coir has a significant amount of lignin, it may be
thermochemically converted into biochar with a high yield, meeting the requirements
for biochar and its use in the adsorption process. This study aims to synthesize
biochar from coconut coir, characterize it and determine its potential as an adsorbent
for PPCPs. The biochar used for this study were characterized based on their
chemical, structural and textural characteristics. The functional groups and
characterizing covalent bonding information of the biochar after the pyrolysis were
analyzed by FT-IR spectrometer (Bruker-Tensor II). Information on the crystal
structure, phase, orientation, and molecular interactions of the biochar after
synthesized were studied on the XRD (PANalytical AERIS). The surface morphology
and porous structure were observed by a scanning electron microscope (SEM Hitachi
SU3500). After characterized, the biochar that has been synthesized is then used as
an adsorbent for PPCPs pollutants in wastewater samples.

Keywords: Biochar; coconut coir; characterization; removal; PPCPs

B16

Synthesis and Characterization of Nanocomposites PVA/CMC/NFC as a

Barrier Film Paper Packaging

Aniek Sri Handayani1,*, Noverra Mardhatillah Nizardo2, and Noor Athifah

Dzahyrah Sugandi2

1 Department of Chemical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Indonesia, Tangerang Selatan

15314, Indonesia
2 Department of Chemistry, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI, Depok 16424, Indonesia
*E-mail: [email protected]
Abstract. The renewable discovery resulting from the synthesis of
nanocomposites using nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) as a nanofiller and
poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as a matrix with the addition of carboxymethyl cellulose
(CMC) additives demonstrates a good potential for food packaging applications.
NFC was synthesized through a mechanical homogenization method from
microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) was effectively characterized for its physical
properties, including density and particle size. Subsequently, PVA/CMC/NFC
nanocomposites were created using a mechanical homogenization method with
various CMC concentrations (0, 0.5, 1, and 2%) and 90:10 ratio of PVA/CMC to
NFC. The resulting nanocomposites were also characterized for their physical
properties. It was found that the addition of CMC 2% increased the density of
the solution. Then, these nanocomposites were used to apply as a coating
paper. Microphoto characterization was carried out on the nanocomposite to
examine the nanocomposite's morphology on the paper and evaluate the
nanocomposite's performance as a coating paper. The results indicate that the
nanocomposite has an uneven particle size distribution and demonstrates
agglomeration with an increase in CMC concentration. This suggests due to
hydrogen bonding interactions among PVA, CMC, NFC, the adhesion properties
to the paper, and the ratio between PVA, CMC, and NFC in solution.

Keywords: cellulose Nano fibrillated; carboxymethyl cellulose; poly (vinyl

alcohol); paper film coating.
B17

Synthesis of Silica Nanoparticles Derived from Oil Palm Boiler Ashes

Using sol-gel method

Aniek Sri Handayani1,2*), James Herbert1, Khumaeroh2, Anisa Nurul Syabila2,

Athanasia Amanda Septevani3, Ratnawati1

1 Chemical Engineering Department, Institut Teknologi Indonesia, Indonesia

2 Center of Innovation and Business Incubator, Institut Teknologi Indonesia,
Indonesia
3 Research Center for Environmental and Clean Technology, National

Research, and Innovation Agency, Indonesia

*Email: [email protected]

Abstract. Palm oil boiler ash is a solid waste resulting from burning palm fiber
and shells. The ash produced from the boiler still contains 40-60% silica. Silica
can be purified by various methods such as leaching and sol-gel methods. Silica
nanoparticles can be used in very different materials, such as paints,
membranes fuel cells, separator batteries, adsorbent, catalysts, and drug
delivery systems. This study investigates a method to produce highly pure silica
nano particle from boiler ash. The SiO2 nanoparticle were characterized by
Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning and Transmission
Electron Spectroscopy (SEM) and (TEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), and
Thermogravimetry analysis. The SiO2 content was 61% wt solid waste ash and
97%wt SiO2 nanoparticle, respectively. This paper discussed about the method
of isolation of silica from boiler ash for drug delivery system.

Keywords: drug delivery system; palm oil boiler ash; silica nanoparticles; sol-
gel method;
B18

Bacterial Nanocellulose for Sustainable Self-Cooling Application

Abdul Halim1*, Maya Ismayati2, Aliffiya Machfidho1, Nabil Septian Meidy1, Azmi
Alvian Gabriel3, Surya Iryana Ihsanpuro1

1 Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Internasional Semen

Indonesia, Kompleks PT Semen Indonesia, Jl. Veteran, Sidomoro, Kebomas,
Gresik, 61122, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
2 Research Center for Biomass and Bioproducts, National Research and

Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jl. Raya Bogor Km 46, Bogor, 16911, Jawa Barat,
Indonesia
3 Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Universitas Internasional Semen

Indonesia, Kompleks PT Semen Indonesia, Jl. Veteran, Sidomoro, Kebomas,

Gresik, 61122, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. Self-cooling technology is promosing technology to cool the

environment. The technology is based on radiative cooling which, infrared
radiated power higher than visible light absorbed. Sustainable material is
reported such as nanocellulose. However, currently nanocellulose preparation
from top-down approach needs harmfull chemicals. Here, we prepare bacterial
nanocellulose via kombucha fermentation to produce cellulose nanofiber. The
obtained bacterial nanocellulose exhibited a nanofiber shape and a cellulose I
crystalline structure with a crystallinity of approximately 40-45%. The fiber
diameter was approximately 92.51±21.46 nm. The FTIR results showed that
bleached bacterial nanocellulose had a higher nanocellulose content than
unbleached bacterial nanocellulose. This is supported by the PyGCMS results,
which detected phenol as a minor pyrolysis product originating from the
extractive and lignin. The bleached method was used to remove lignin from the
bacterial nanocellulose. The bleached bacterial cellulose was composited with
CaCO3 and ZnO particles to form randomly distributed particles. The composite
decreases sample temperature as high as 3.8 °C and 3.7 °C for CaCO 3 and
ZnO composites, respectively

Keywords: abstract; grammar; preparing a manuscript; writing skills

B19

Biocomposites reinforced with wood flour and eggshell powder: Production

and properties

Felix Nathaniel1, Juliana Anggono1,2*, and Aria Wibawa3

1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Petra Christian University, Jalan

Siwalankerto 121-131, Surabaya 60236, Indonesia

2 Collaborative Research Center for Zero Waste and Sustainability, Jalan

Kalijudan 37, Surabaya 60114, Indonesia

3 Dasa Windu Agung, Bekasi 17151, Indonesia

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. Wood plastic composite (WPC) is one example of a biocomposite that

has been applied commercially as structural materials either in the building
industry and in the automobile interior parts. In this work, WPC was developed
based on polypropylene (PP) from used medical mask, polyethylene (PE) from
plastic pocket reinforced with wood flour mixed with eggshell powder (ESP). The
study aims to target similar properties as commercial WPC with its tensile
strength of 14.27 MPa, flexural strength of 37.57 MPa, water absorption 2.61 %,
and flammability (burning rate) < 100 mm/min. The composition of the
composites investigated was PP (45 wt. %), PE (5 wt. %), wood flour (30 wt. %),
ESP (20 wt. %). The effect of calcined and uncalcined ESP on the properties
was studied first and the results show no significant differences in their
properties. That finding leads to prepare biocomposite samples using hot press
with various applied pressures, i.e. 0.55; 0.65; and 0.75 MPa. The tests show
that the samples prepared with hot press pressure of 0.65 MPa can meet all the
limit target of the above properties.

Keywords: flammability test; flexural strength; hot press; water absorption.

B20

Accelerated Biodegradation of Waste Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET)

Fiber by Recombinant Hydrophobin HGFI Fused with Ideonella
sakaiensis PETase

Nathania Puspitasari1*, Chia-Tzu Liu2, Cheng-Kang Lee2

1Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Widya Mandala

Surabaya Catholic University, Kalijudan 37, Surabaya 60114, Indonesia
2Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science

and Technology, Taipei City 10607, Taiwan R.O.C.

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. Nowadays, an efficient and environmentally friendly polyethylene

terephthalate (PET) recycling method has gained greater attention with the aim
of enabling a circular economy for polyesters. Since PET is a hydrophobic
polymer, the enzyme's binding affinity to PET becomes major issue affecting the
degradation efficacy. In this study, the first strategy for enhanced PET fiber
hydrolysis by genetically fused PETase-hydrolyzing enzyme to protein
hydrophobin HGFI was demonstrated. Hydrophobin HGFI is known as surface
active protein produced by Grifola frondosa. Furthermore, cellulose binding
domains (CBD) was employed as solubility enhancer tag of PETase fusion due
to the insoluble characteristic of HGFI and PETase. The fusion proteins were
constructed with flexible linker, expressed in Escherichia coli, and then purified
by chromatography technique. Herein, the fusion of HGFI onto the N-terminal of
PETase showed significant stimulatory effects on the enzymatic hydrolysis of
PET fiber. PETase fusion exhibited 2.6 fold higher concentrations of monomer
products released compared to the native enzymes. According to the results,
fusion of self-assembled HGFI to PET-hydrolyzing enzymes is more effective for
enhancing the binding affinity of enzymes on the PET substrate thereby
increasing the rate of hydrolysis.

Keywords: Hydrophobin, PETase, fusion protein, PET biodegradation

B21

Study of Improving the Quality of Charcoal Briquettes Mixed to Sago

Waste and Balk as an Alternative Energy Source

Hafidawati1*, Mohammad Daniel1, Bagus Duhan Irfandy1, Arni Srilisman

Rachmadini1

1Engineering Faculty, Riau University, Pekanbaru City, Indonesia

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. Sago bark and sago dregs are by-products of the sago processing
process that have not been utilized optimally. This study aims to analyze the
physical characteristics of briquettes mixed with bark and sago pulp, combustion
characteristics, concentrations of Carbon Monoxide (CO) gas and find out the
best mixing variations. Variations in this study were the composition of the
mixture of sago bark and pulp, namely KBA1 (90% : 10%), KBA2 (80% : 20%),
KBA3 (70% : 30%), KBA4 (50% : 50%), KBA5 (100% : 0%) and KBA6
(0%:100%). The results of this study indicate that the ratio of mixing sago bark
and sago waste has an effect on the proximate test results, combustion
characteristics and CO2 emissions produced. The best physical characteristics
were found in the KBA1 sample, namely 2% moisture content, 10.32% ash
content, 20.66% volatile matter content and 69.02% bound carbon content. The
most optimal combustion characteristics were found in the KBA6 sample with
the fastest ignition time & burning rate of 245 seconds and 0.045 gr/sec. The
lowest CO gas emission is found in KBA6, which is 309 mg/Nm³. The proximate
test results that are included in the briquette standard are the moisture content
for all briquettes and the bound carbon content for the KBA1 and KBA2 samples.
The proximate test results that are included in the briquette standard are the
moisture content for all briquettes and the bound carbon content for the KBA1
and KBA2 samples. The results of testing for CO gas emissions for all variations
show results that are below the quality standards of the Minister of Energy and
Mineral Resources Regulation Number 47 of 2006.

Keywords: sago bark; sago dregs; charcoal briquettes; emission.

B22
Optimum and Green Fabrication of MIL-100(Fe) for Crystal Violet Dye
Removal from Aqueous Solution

Christian Julius Wijaya1,2*, Felycia Edi Soetaredjo1,2, Maria Yuliana1,2, Shella

Permatasari Santoso1,2, Sandy Budi Hartono1,2, Wenny Irawaty1,2, Jenni Lie1,2,
Jindrayani Nyoo Putro1,2, Chintya Gunarto1,2, Nathania Puspitasari1,2, Suryadi
Ismadji1,2, Setiyo Gunawan3
1 Department of Chemical Engineering, Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University, Kalijudan 37,
Surabaya 60114, Indonesia
2 Collaborative Research Center for Zero Waste and Sustainability, Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic

University, Kalijudan 37, Surabaya 60114, Indonesia

3 Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering, Institut

Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Keputih Sukolilo, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia

*E-mail address: [email protected]; [email protected]

Abstract. Water pollution has always been a concern of various parties from
time to time, both in Indonesia and globally. Industrialization is one of the
undeniable causes of increased water pollution. From one side, industrialization
is an important aspect in improving the economy of the people and their country,
but the environmental impact it causes is another aspect that needs to be
considered and addressed. Several industries in the fields of cosmetics, textiles,
plastics, paper, food processing, and paint use large quantities of dyes and
discharge them as waste into the environment. The disposal of this dye waste
has an impact on human health and the environmental ecosystem. Therefore,
the treatment of dye waste is an important technology that must be applied to
remove dyes from the waste stream before it enters the hydrosphere. Here,
advanced materials, such as metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), are required to
be developed as adsorbents for dye adsorption technologies. This study focused
on optimizing the fabrication of MIL-100(Fe) which is a type of MOFs with good
chemical stability, flexible structure, breathing behavior, and photocatalytic
activity. Here, the room-temperature fabrication of MIL-100(Fe) was found to be
optimum using the ligand-to-metal ratio of 0.95:1 and the addition of 5.07% (v/v)
acetic acid for 6.2 h. The obtained MIL-100(Fe) was tested for crystal violet
adsorption and gave an optimum adsorption capacity of 182.66 ± 3.81 mg/g. A
statistical approach is used to investigate the optimum conditions of MIL-100(Fe)
fabrication where the parameters and their interactions contribute to the
formation of MIL-100(Fe).

Keywords: dye; fabrication; metal-organic frameworks; MIL-100(Fe);

optimization
B23

Building Resilience of the Green Supply Chain in Apparel Industries

Dian Trihastuti1, Ivan Gunawan1*, Martinus Edy Sianto1, Bella Regina Rizky
Sagitha1
1 Industrial Engineering Department, Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic

University,
Jl. Kalijudan No 37 Surabaya, Indonesia
*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. Implementing a green supply chain does not necessarily increase

supply chain resilience. Industries with green product labels generally face more
significant supply chain challenges. These challenges can come from internal
or external disruptions. Therefore, building supply chain resilience (SCRes)
capability is one strategy to survive and overcome disruptions while practising
green business. Resilience is the ability of a system to respond to disturbances
that occur due to an event. Strategic SCRes capabilities enable the supply chain
to develop survival capacities that can absorb, adapt, and restore to form a new
business model. This study investigates the gap between the resilience
capability performance in the green supply chain and stakeholders'
expectations. It took place in an apparel manufacturer in Indonesia that supplies
and produces for various global fashion brands where high environmental
performance is required. A survey was conducted of 45 experts in the apparel
supply chain to determine the SCRes' capabilities. It employs the Importance
Performance Analysis (IPA) method to analyze the result. The analysis includes
the extent of the SCRes capabilities practices. It also examines the degree of
gaps, whether larger or smaller, in positive or negative trends. The research
found that the most challenging disruption in the green apparel supply chain is
the availability of green material. The result shows effective communication and
coordination are the most significant SCRes capabilities. The second is the
supply chain readiness toward demand fluctuation. Furthermore, the IPA results
provide recommendations for increasing the resilience performance of the green
supply chain in the apparel industry.

Keywords: apparel; capability; resilience; green supply chain

B25

Improving hydrophobicity and oil barrier performance of paper by coating

with PVA/nanocellulose- based suspension

Faisal Amri Tanjung1,2*, Yalun Arifin1,3, Chandra Gunawan1, Liem Khe Fung1
1PT. Bukit Muria Jaya, Karawang Spoor, Karawang 41361, West Java,

Indonesia
2Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Medan Area, Medan 20223, North

Sumatera, Indonesia
3Department of Food Business Technology, Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, BSD

Raya Utama, Tangerang 15339, Banten, Indonesia

*E-mail address: [email protected]; [email protected]

Abstract. This study investigates the use of nanocellulose and polyvinyl alcohol
(PVA) suspension as a coating formulation on paper substrate, and its effects
on oil and water barrier properties of the paper. The PVA/nanocellulose coating
suspension was prepared via a simple mixing procedure of nanocellulose
with various concentration of PVA. The suspension was deposited on the paper
surface using a bar coater at different number of coating layers and then dried
in an oven. The results showed that coating up to the fourth layers decreased
the opacity index and air permeability rate of the coated papers, but there was
a slight increase on the air permeability at the sixth layer. The deposition of
PVA/nanocellulose suspension on the paper surface also increased the water
and oil barrier performance. The highest contact angle (CA) of 82° and oil Kit
value of 16 were obtained at the fourth layer of coating using suspension with
2% of PVA content, as compared to the uncoated paper (CA 43°). It is
interesting to note that coating paper using nanocellulose/PVA suspension can
effectively improve the hydrophobicity and oil barrier performances of the paper.
This satisfactorily results on paper properties after being coated with
nanocellulose/PVA suspension can be a potential use for food packaging
applications.

Keywords: nanocellulose, poly(vinyl alcohol), hydrophobicity, oil resistant,

paper, water contact angle, Kit value
B26

Pseudoternary phase diagram and antimicrobial activity of

microemulsion-based castor oil and citronella oil
Chintya Gunarto1, 2*, Alchris Woo Go3, Artik Elisa Angkawijaya4, Jindrayani Nyoo
Putro1, 2
1 Department of Chemical Engineering, Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University,

Kalijudan 37, Surabaya 60114, Indonesia

2 Collaborative Research Center for Sustainable and Zero Waste Industries, Kalijudan

37, Surabaya 60114, Indonesia

3 Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and

Technology, Keelung Road 10607, Taipei City, Taiwan

4 Plant Lipid Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science,

Yokohama 230-0045, Japan

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. Microemulsion (ME) is a suspension that consists of oil and water,

stabilized by addition of surfactant and cosurfactant. Microemulsion is
investigated for their use in various food, cosmetics, and drug formulations.
Different types of oils could be utilized as the oil phase in ME, which include
soybean oil, olive oil, canola oil, sesame oil, sunflower oil, castor oil, and
citronella oil. Previous studies reported that formulation of ME has limited
studies focusing on castor and citronella oil-based ME. Castor oil has anti-
inflammatory and analgesic activities, while citronella oil has antioxidant and
antiaging activities. In addition, both castor and citronella oils have antimicrobial
activity that is beneficial for pharmaceutical applications. In this study, MEs were
formulated by castor oil or citronella oil as oil phase, Tween 80 as the surfactant,
ethanol as cosurfactant, and DI water as aqueous phase. The MEs were
successfully formulated from Tween 80 and ethanol with surfactant mixture
(Smix) ratio of 1:2 and 2:1. The areas of ME from castor oil and citronella oil in
the pseudo ternary phase diagram at surfactant mixture of 2:1 was 16.92% and
43.98%, respectively. A larger area of ME on the pseudo ternary phase diagram
is favorable for developing a wide range of compositions for the ME formulation,
especially for antimicrobial and stability studies. Castor oil and citronella oil-
based microemulsions showed high inhibition towards Escherichia coli and
Staphylococcus aureus. All the selected formulations from castor oil and
citronella oil had hydrodynamic diameters below 200 nm, which categorized as
ME.

Keywords: antimicrobial; castor oil; citronella oil; pseudoternary phase diagram;

microemulsion
B28

Maximizing vanillin loading into paper substrate and its effect on the paper
mechanical properties

Adam Jaya1, Alisa Firdha Noviandini1, Yalun Arifin1, Liem Khe Fung1

1InnovationCenter, PT. Bukit Muria Jaya, Karawang – Indonesia.

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. Vanillin (4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde) is one of the natural

food additives that can be applied as a flavor in paper packaging. This study
aims to understand the suitable solvent to use to achieve the highest vanilla
loading into the paper substrate, and its effect on the paper mechanical
properties. A total of three types of commercial vanilla flavor products (A, B, and
C) in a oil form were diluted to make concentration of 5% (by weight) solution in
isopropyl alcohol (IPA) or ethanol (EtOH), to immerse 29 gsm paper substrate.
The vanillin content of the solution A, B and C in EtOH were 1.40, 0.43, and
1.03% w/v, whereas in IPA were 0.87, 0.94, and 0.95% w/v, respectively. The
vanillin content absorbed in paper after immersion was determined from the
assay of the samples obtained from an extraction process using water. It was
found out that the vanillin concentration in the extract from the paper immersed
with flavor A, B and C in EtOH and IPA were 0.029, 0.024, 0.028% w/v, and
0.030, 0.025, 0.027% w/v, respectively. It was also found out that the addition of
vanilla had affected the mechanical properties of the paper (tensile strength,
TEA and stretch). Compared to the paper without vanilla flavor, paper with flavor
A in both solvents have 5% lower of all mechanical properties measured. The
papers with flavor B in EtOH showed 10% increase in the mechanical properties,
while in IPA showed 5% increase in all properties measured. Different impacts
on properties were observed on flavor C. The tensile strength, stretch, and TEA
increased by 9, 20, and 50% respectively.

Keyword: vanilla flavor, mechanical property, paper, packaging

B30

Synthesis and Characterization of Amorphous Silica Nanoparticles from

Municipal Solid Waste Incineration (MSWI)Fly Ash Bantargebang Bekasi

Nida Sopiah1,2*, Ratna Ediati2, Didik Prasetyoko2, Muhammad Abdul Kholiq3 and
Muhamad Nasir1

1Research Center for Environmental and Clean Technology, National Research

and Innovation Agency, Geostech 820, KST BJ Habibie, Tangerang Selatan,
Banten 15314, Indonesia
2Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Data Analytics, Institut

Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, ITS Sukolilo Surabaya 60111 Indonesia

Directorate of Environment, Maritime, Natural Resources, and Nuclear Policy,
National 3Research, and Innovation Agency, B.J. Habibie Building 6th floor, Jl.
M.H. Thamrin No. 8, Jakarta Pusat 10340, Indonesia
*E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract. The Ministry of Environment and Forestry Indonesia through

regulation No. P.26/MENLHK/SETJEN/KUM.1/12/2020 has created a new
opportunity to reuse fly ash into useful products. Instead of being seen as a
financial burden, in the future fly ash is a valuable resource waiting to be
exploited. Analysis of fly ash produced from MSWI Bantargebang Bekasi using
XRF showed that the ash contained 40% calcium oxide, 13.40% silica oxide,
8.00% iron oxide, and 7.50% aluminum oxide. The presence of silica oxide in fly
ash has the potential to be developed into silica precursors to produce
amorphous silica nanoparticles. This study purposed to determine the effect of
adding acid on the characteristics of the resulting amorphous silica
nanoparticles. The process of synthesis of silica nanoparticles began with the
extraction of sodium silicate, then it was converted into silica gel using the sol-
gel method with the addition of hydrochloric acid. The composition of the filtered
solutions was analyzed using plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP AES),
while Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and X-ray
diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy were used to characterize the synthesized silica
nanoparticles. The results showed that the reaction conditions played an
important role in the quality of the resulting amorphous nano silica.

Keywords: amorphous silica nanoparticles, Bantargebang, fly ash, MSWI

B31

In situ green synthesis of composite MOF magnetic structured

(Fe@Si/MIL-100(Fe) to improve adsorption dyes

Nuhaa Faaizatunnisa1 and Ratna Ediati1*

1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Data Analytics, Institute

Technology of Sepuluh Nopember, Jl. Arif Rahman Hakim, Kampus ITS
Keputih-Sukolilo, Surabaya 60111, Indonesiaepartment, Affiliation, Address,
Country

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. A new synthesis route for the Fe@Si/MIL-100(Fe) core-shell was

proposed through a facile green route using a pre-grinding method without
solvent, in which the Fe3O4@SiO2 core-shell not only serves as a magnetic core
but also as a MOF surface functionalization. The synthesis procedure is easy,
incorporating Fe3O4@SiO2 magnetic particles with mass variations of 100 and
50 % in MIL-100(Fe). The application of the Fe@Si/MIL-100(Fe) composite in
adsorption was tested using two different organic dyes, cationic (methylene
blue) and anionic (methylene orange) dyes in an aqueous solution. This MOF
magnetic composite exhibits a high specific surface area (799.7 m2/g) twice that
of pure MOF, which is beneficial for wastewater treatment. The adsorption
results showed that the Fe@Si(100)/MIL-100(Fe) composite could remove
anionic dyes from the solution more attractively and efficiently than cationic
dyes. High adsorption capacity (322.58 mg/g) of methylene orange (MO)
through electrostatic interactions and filter effects on the size of the dye
molecule. Both adsorption isotherms follow the Langmuir model and the pseudo-
second-order kinetic model. The reusability study showed that the magnetic core
modified composite (Fe@Si/MIL-100(Fe)) could be reused to remove dyes with
almost unchanged structures after five regeneration cycles.

Keywords: Green synthesis, MOF magnetic composite, adsorption, MIL-

100(Fe), organic dyes
B32

Salutation of Curcuma Extract Using Maltodextrin for Health Supplements

Aniek Sri Handayani1*, Cut Malindawati1, Reina Dya Tsabita1, Sri Handayani1,
Ismojo2
1 Department of Chemical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Indonesia, Indonesia
2 Mechanical Engineering Department, Institut Teknologi Indonesia, Indonesia

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. Curcuma is usually used as a cooking spice or as a health

supplement. Maltodextrin is a modified product resulting from the partial
hydrolysis of starch by the enzyme α-amylase, which can be used as
a coating for drugs or health supplements. The coating process requires a core
material and a coating or encapsulant material. In this research, the encapsulant
material used was maltodextrin. The ingredients for making tablets are curcuma,
maltodextrin, magnesium stearate, talc, and Avicel. The procedure for making
health supplement salutation is by mixing the maltodextrin composition of 10%,
25%, 50%, and 75% of the total mixture as the variable with curcumin extract,
Mg Stearate, and talc, which are crushed smooth, then sifted using a sieve, and
then molded using a pressing machine. The best results obtained as a health
supplement are from a maltodextrin composition with concentration of 75%,
which produces yellow tablets with a characteristic curcuma and an initial sweet
taste (maltodextrin) and a slightly bitter taste (Curcuma). This health supplement
contains 0.3% curcuminoid and produces tablets that comply the requirements
of the Regulation of the Head of the Food and Drug Supervisory Agency
(PERKA BPOM).

Keywords: maltodextrin, curcuma, tablets, encapsulants

C01
Properties of Hydrogel for Absorbent Textile Dye Waste-Based Cellulose-
Carboxymethyl Sago Starch

Nudia Tuljannah1,2*, Dewi Sondari1*, Ahyar Ahmad2, Athanasia Amanda

Septevani3 Putri Amanda1, Arzqa Sabila Hanifah1

1Research Center of Biomass and Bioproduct, Research and Innovation Centre

Agency Cibinong Science Centre West Java, Indonesia 16911, Indonesia
2Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences,

Hasanuddin University, Makassar South Sulawesi 90245, Indonesia

3Research Center of Environmental and Clean Technology, Research and

Innovation Agency Cisitu Bandung West Java, Indonesia 40135, Indonesia

*Corresponding author: [email protected] and [email protected]

Abstract. The use of a single natural polymer in hydrogel preparations is

considered insufficient to produce that is more durable, more stable, and
stronger. Blends of various natural polymers can improve each sago other's lack
of physicochemical characteristics and can produce new properties. This
research combines 2 natural polymers, namely cellulose and starch. Cellulose
isolation from Gracilaria verrucosa seaweed using acid hydrolysis and alkaline
autoclaving method produced 10.07% cellulose. This study combined the results
of cellulose isolation with carboxymethyl sago starch at 0.09; 0.14; 0.24; 0.48
and 0.96 mol/mol AGU. The isolated cellulose-carboxymethyl sago starch has
the potential as a hydrogel material with the addition of crosslinkers such as
epichlorohydrin (ECH). This study aims to synthesize hydrogels from cellulose-
carboxymethyl sago starch with the application as a textile dye waste absorbent
with a concentration of epichlorohydrin (ECH) at 7.5%. Analysis of
carboxymethyl sago starch is degrees of substitution, water-soluble index (WSI),
and swelling power (SP). The hydrogel properties are characterized by the
degree of swelling, degree of polymerization, FTIR, and SEM, and the hydrogel
absorption ability is characterized by absorption efficiency using a microplate
reader. The results showed that the hydrogels were optimally synthesized by
the addition of carboxymethyl sago starch at y mol/mol AGU The results of FTIR
analysis were also in line with the chemical measurements (swelling and DP).
In conclusion, the ability of hydrogel absorption of textile dye waste is maximum
at the addition of carboxymethyl sago starch x mol/mol AGU.

Keywords: Carboxymethyl sago starch; cellulose; freeze dry; hydrogel; textile

dye waste
C02

PLTBg Investment Analysis from Agricultural Organic Waste to produce

Electrical Energy: Preliminary Potential Analysis Study and Investment in
the Caringin Main Market, Bandung

Ekaputra Agung Priantoro, Erni Saurmalinda Butar Butar, Tarzan Sembiring.

e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract. Biogas is a product of the decomposition of organic matter by

microbial decomposers under anaerobic conditions. Biogas consists of various
gases, especially methane, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, H2S and other gases as
impurities. Biogas can be converted into fuel or electrical energy. One of the
potential biogas raw materials is agricultural organic waste. This article and
study are based on a survey of the potential for agricultural organic waste
produced by the Caringin Main Market. Bandung and the amount of organic
waste production reached 84 tons/day, resulting from the trading process in the
market. The waste produced by the market is suitable to be used as biogas with
an organic content of more than 97.7%; the remaining 2.3% is inorganic waste.
Based on the economic and financial analysis, the NPV value was
356,487,559,415.34 and the IRR was 23%, which means it was higher than the
interest rate set by the bank, while the PBP value was 5.8 years, much lower
set by investors for 10 years and Profitable Index of 4,2 so that this project is
declared economically and financially feasible.

Keywords: Biogass, Electricity, Agricultural Organik Waste

C04

Start-up Characteristic of Three Stages Anaerobic Reactor Treating Tofu

Whey for Biogas Production
Arini Wresta1, Neni Sintawardani1, Sanggono Adisasmito2, and Tjandra
Setiadi2,3
1 Research Center for Environmental and Clean Technology, National Research

and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Kompleks BRIN Samaun Samadikun, Jalan

Sangkuriang, Bandung 40135, Indonesia
2Department of Chemical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB), Jl.

Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia

3Centre for Environmental Studies (PSLH), Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl.

Sangkuriang 42 A, Bandung 40135, Indonesia

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. The study of start-up characteristics of a three-stage anaerobic fixed

bed reactor was conducted on a laboratory scale to convert tofu whey became
biogas. The reactor was filled with bamboo strips arranged vertically as the
medium for biofilm growth. Start-up characteristics were studied by evaluating
the trend of process parameters, i.e., COD removal, Volatile Fatty Acids (VFA)
concentration, pH, CH4 content, and the amount of CH4 produced. Inoculum
acclimatization was carried out in batches for 13 days before continuous feeding
of tofu whey. Tofu whey was fed to Reactor 1 using a peristaltic pump. Whey
overflow of Reactor 1 was supplied to Reactor 2, and overflow of Reactor 2 was
supplied to Reactor 3. The overflow of Reactor 3 then flowed to the effluent
storage tank before discharge. The biogas produced from each reactor were
stored in the gas bags and its volume and composition were measured every
day. The amount of whey entering the reactor was measured every day by
calculating the reduction of whey in the tofu whey storage tank. Liquid effluents
from each reactor were taken once a week to analyze the concentration of COD
and VFA and the level of pH. Experiment results showed good start-up
performance, with COD removal achieving more than 80% after 90 days of the
experiment. There were no VFA accumulation in the three reactors which
indicated that the process was running well. The best CH 4 productivity was
obtained at a retention time of 1.26-1.67 days, achieving 0.36-0.39 NL CH4/liter
reactor/day.

Keywords: start-up; three stages anaerobic reactor; fixed bed; tofu whey;
biogas; CH4
C05

Utilization of Traditional Market Solid Waste and Laundry Wastewater Into

Hydrochar Using Hydrothermal Carbonization
Muhammad Faris Rifandi1*, Mohamad Rangga Sururi1, Djaenudin2, Herlian
Eriska Putra2
1 Environmental Engineering Department, Faculty of Civil Engineering and

Planning, Institut Teknologi Nasional Bandung, Jalan PHH Mustafa No. 23,
Bandung 40124, Indonesia.
2 Research Unit for Clean Technology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Jalan

Cisitu Sangkuriang No. 21 D, Bandung 40135, Indonesia

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. This study conducted to see the potential for reducing traditional
market solid waste generation which is mostly high of organic and consists high
water content and laundry wastewater by utilizing it into hydrochar product coal-
like materials using hydrothermal carbonization technology. The raw material is
mixed market solid waste and laundry wastewater as treatment media for
hydrothermal carbonization. The hydrothermal carbonization process was done
performed at various parameter include temperatures 180°C, 200°C, and
220°C; process times 30 minutes, 60 minutes, and 90 minutes; and ratios
(waste: media) of 0.5; 0.75; and 1. The results from the experiments show that
operating conditions of hydrothermal carbonization include temperature,
process time, and ratio (waste: media) affect the product weight, calorific value,
and proximate measurements of hydro char. The hydrothermal carbonization
process can reduce the weight of waste up to 56.4%. In addition, the calorific
value of hydro char is obtained in the range of 20.39-25.47 MJ/Kg or equivalent
to sub-bituminous grade coal. The optimum condition hydrothermal
carbonization process from response surface methodology box behnken design
to produce high values of solid mass yield, energy densification ratio, and energy
yield were obtained at operating conditions temperature of 199.39°C, process
time of 30 minutes, and ratio (waste: media) of 1. It can be concluded that
traditional market solid waste and laundry wastewater can be utilized by
hydrothermal carbonization to produce solid fuel.

Keywords: Traditional market solid waste, laundry wastewater, hydrothermal

carbonization, response surface methodology
C07

Enhancing Aquaponic Cultivation in Indonesia: A Comparative Study of

Bioball Biofilters with Different Additives

Taufik Taufikurahman1*, Novi Tri Astutiningsih1, Nanda Shofiyah Ulfa1, Izma

Aliyyatussaadah1, Thoriq Izzurahman1
1 School of Life Sciences and Technology, Bandung Institute of Technology, Jl.

Ganesha No. 10, lb. Siliwangi, Coblong District, Bandung City, West Java,
Indonesia
*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. The development of aquaponic cultivation in Indonesia remains

limited despite its potential to significantly boost farmers' and communities'
income. In aquaponics, fish are regularly fed, while plants solely rely on nutrients
derived from leftover feed and fish waste, without external supplementation.
Biofilters play a crucial role in aquaponic systems, providing a growth medium
for microorganisms that convert fish feces' ammonia into nitrates, essential for
plant nutrition. This study compares the effectiveness of different materials,
namely activated charcoal, shells, and coconut fiber, when incorporated into
bioball biofilters within aquaponic systems. The research was conducted on an
aquaponic installation featuring an NFT system utilizing PVC pipes. The
experiment involved 45 tilapia fish, each measuring 7-11 cm and weighing 10-
15 grams, alongside red lettuce plants planted in 10 holes per pipe, with 6
replications. After 45 days from planting, the plants were harvested, and
observations were made on both plant and fish growth. The results indicated
that the addition of activated charcoal and shells to the bioball biofilter improved
water quality and fish growth compared to the control group using only bioballs.
Furthermore, the inclusion of activated charcoal and shells also positively
impacted plant growth. However, the use of coconut coir filtered out more
organic matter, leading to reduced nutrient content for plants and lower overall
plant growth compared to the control group

Keywords: Aquaponics; Biofilter; Tilapia; Red Lettuce

C09

Investigating the Potential of Deep Eutectic Solvents for Metal Recovery

from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries

Widya Aryani M1,2a , Azwar Manaf1b, Fathan Bahfie2, Anton Sapto

Handoko2, Erik Prasetyo2,3c

1Postgraduate Program of Materials Sciences Study, Departement of Physics,

Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Indonesia, Depok
16424, Indonesia
2 Research Center of Technology Mining, National Research and Innovations

Agency (BRIN), Sutami KM 15, South Lampung, Lampung 35361, Indonesia

3Department of Chemical Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and

Technology, Trondheim N-7491, Norway

aE-mail address : [email protected]
bE-mail address : [email protected]
cE-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. With the advancement of transportation, power, and portable

gadgets, lithium-ion battery (LIB) utilization is growing. The increasing waste
generated by spent LIB which has entered the end-of life phase causes
environmental pollution, hence recycling process is justified to mitigate the
problem. To reduce the secondary waste during recycling, deep eutectic solvent
(DES) is used as green chemicals spent LIB recycling. In the current
investigation, DES which combines choline chloride as a hydrogen bond
acceptor (HBA) and oxalic acid as a hydrogen bond donor (HBD) will be
assessed its efficacy in metal recovery from spent LIB. The leaching parameters
including mol ratio of HBA/HBD, solid to liquid ratio, leaching time and
temperature on metal leaching efficiency will be tested by batch method. The
leaching temperature was varied between 30°C, 55°C, and 80°C, and the
duration was 1,3,5,7, and 10 minutes. It was found that the leaching efficiency
for Co and Mn was 62.88% and 43.56%, respectively, after 10 minutes at 80°C.

Keywords: Lithium-ion battery (LIB); leaching; deep eutectic solvents (DES);

hydrogen bonds acceptor (HBA); hydrogen bond donors (HBD).
C10

Decolorization of Batik Pekalongan Wastewater Using Aspergillus

sp. Immobilized Luffa at Different Incubation Time and Inoculum Types

Halimatus Sa’diyah1, Ratna Stia Dewi1*, Moh. Husein Sastranegara1

1Faculty
of Biology, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Jl. Dr.Soeparno No.63 Purwokerto,
Banyumas, Central Java, Indonesia
*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. The progress of the batik industry in Pekalongan is very profitable for the
people's economy, but it also has a negative impact on the environment because the
results of the batik process that have not been properly processed are disposed of
directly into the river and can polluted the river. This problem needs to be improved,
one of which is by degrading batik wastewater using microorganisms in the form of
fungi that can produce various enzymes that degrade batik wastewater and non-
enzymatically fungi can absorb batik wastewater with micellium. Aspergillus sp. was
used in this study as a result of previous research which was found to be a superior
fungus in degrading indigosol blue batik wastewater. Waste degradation using fungi
can use the method of immobilizing substrate such as dry fiber of Gambas (Luffa
cylindrical) because it has have advantages such as unique structure with tubular
fibrous shape, cheap, easy to find, environmentally friendly, has high stability, and
dsorption ability fast. The purpose of this study was to determine the decolorization
of Pekalongan batik dye wastewater using Aspergillus sp. immobilized Luffa at
different incubation times and inoculum types. Initial studies were conducted by trying
out the type of inoculum (spores and mycelium) with the dried immobilized model. in
this case, this spore inoculum type can decolorize batik wastewater by 75%, this is
better than the mycelium inoculum type of 37.5%. The results showed that the
treatment of Aspergillus sp. immobilized Luffa could decolorize Pekalongan batik
wastewater. The use of spore inoculums with an incubation time of 72 hours can
provide the most optimal results with an average decolorization percentage of 99.7%.
These results were supported by measurements of the dry weight of Aspergillus sp.3
immobilized Luffa (2.294-4.416 g), pH value (5-7.14), DO level (12-16 mg/l), TSS level
(70-148 mg/l ), TDS levels (2482.2-3761 mg/l) and temperature values (29-31ºC).
Previous research Aspergillus sp. is superior in degrading indigosol blue batik
wastewater, in the future this fungus can have great potential for medecolorizing other
types of dye wastewater with an immobilization method that is more practical in its
use.

Keywords: Aspergillus sp., decolorization, immobilization, batik wastewater,

Luffa cylindrica
C11

Modifying Norm Activaton Model (NAM) to See The Effect of Technology

on Food Waste Management Behaviour

Isnaini Nurisusilawati1*, Linda Qornaeni2, Annisa Nurul Jannah3

1,2,3 Faculty of Industrial Engineering and Design, Institut Teknologi Telkom

Purwokerto, Central Java, Indonesia

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. Indonesia is the number two producer of food waste in the world. Food
waste management is a way to reduce food waste, but the community,
especially the SME food sector, still needs to learn more about this, so only few
food SME owners manage food waste. The use of technological innovation can
influence and change the knowledge of SME owners toward sustainable
behavior. This study aims to analyze the factors influencing food waste
management behavior among food SMEs and look at the influence of innovative
technology on food waste management behavior. This study uses a modified
Norm Activation Model (NAM) theory to answer the research objectives. NAM
theory is a pro-environmental behavioral theory model. The NAM model has four
variables, namely Awareness of Consequence (AC), Ascription of Responsibility
(AR), Personal Norm (PN), and Behavior Intention (BI) variables. Technological
Innovation (TI) variable was added to see the effect of innovation on food waste
management behavior. The method used is SEM-PLS to see the effect between
variables. The research results show that the AR variable positively influences
PN. The TI and PN variables influence BI. The BI variable positively influences
SME owners to manage food waste. The results of this research imply that it is
necessary to form a community of SMEs to encourage food waste management
and make technologies that are easy and inexpensive for SME owners so that
their intention to manage food waste can increase.

Keywords: food waste management behavior, food SME, norm activation

model, technological innovation
C12

Effect of Particle Size, Temperature, and Activated Carbon-Feedstock

Ratio on Products Yield in Microwave-Assisted Pyrolysis of Sargassum
sp.
Teta Fathya Widawati, Rochmadi, Muhammad Fuad Refki, Arief Budiman*
Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Grafika No.
2, Kampus UGM, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
*Corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract. Microwave-assisted pyrolysis (MAP) offers a promising option

alongside fast pyrolysis for scaling up, as pyrolysis reactions can be accelerated
without significantly raising the operating temperature through the use of
microwave assistance. Previous MAP experiments have rarely utilized
Sargassum sp., even though this material holds lower economic value
compared to other macroalgae. Therefore, the utilization of Sargassum sp. as a
pyrolysis feedstock could enhance its economic value, especially considering its
abundant availability in Indonesian marine waters. This study aims to determine
the optimal operational parameters for MAP of Sargassum sp., encompassing
feedstock particle size, final temperature, and the activated carbon-to-feedstock
ratio, with activated carbon serving as a microwave absorber in the process. In
this study, Sargassum sp. was initially analyzed for its proximate and ultimate
composition. Sargassum sp. was introduced into a glass reactor (D=H=10 cm)
placed within the Microwave Electrolux EMM2308X. The MAP process was
assisted by N2 gas with a flow rate of 200 mL/minute and conducted for 20
minutes. The study's variables include particle size (10-40, 40-70, 70-100, and
>100 mesh), final process temperatures (300, 350, 400, 450 °C), and activated
carbon/feedstock ratios (1:1 and 2:1). The study's outcomes encompass
ultimate and proximate analyses of Sargassum sp., as well as the yields of
pyrolysis products such as bio-oil, remaining solid materials (bio-char and
activated carbon), and gases. The density of the produced bio-oil was also
analyzed. This exploratory research serves as a reference for other researchers,
enabling them to compare the product yields of MAP Sargassum sp. with other
materials. The downstream biorefinery of Sargassum sp. could also support net-
zero carbon projects, as Sargassum sp. has a greater capacity to absorb
environmental CO2 compared to the emissions released from its combustion.

Keywords: Activated carbon; Microwave-Assisted Pyrolysis (MAP); Particle

size; Sargassum sp.
C13

From waste to an added-value commodity: challenges in valorization

opportunity of tin-residual sand for silica-based industry

Sulista Sulista1*

1 Research and Development Division, Bappeda of Kepulauan Bangka Belitung

Province, 33149, Indonesia

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. Intense tin mining activities produce residues from tin processing leaving
vast environmental and economic responsibilities. The stockpile is left in the tailings
dam in large quantities with low nutrients due to high silica. To promote a circular
economy in the mining sector, it is essential to valorize the left-over sand from tin
processing by including it in a new production process, which in turn will address
issues on economic and environmental impacts. Therefore, the study analyzes the
valorization of the residual sand in a product within the CPQvA framework, which
consists of classification (C), utilization potential based on mineral characteristics (P),
quantity and viability (Qv), and its application based on market needs (A). The criteria
comprise 12 weighted questions to define the criticality indices categorized as easy,
moderate, and difficult. The residual sand is not hazardous but has added value
(C=easy). The residual sand also has the potential for special/industrial sand, which
requires further processing steps to produce industrial products, namely ceramics,
casting, refractory bricks, glass, and solar cells (P=difficult). However, the high
content of Al and Fe impurities requires complex purification technology, and the
mixing of silica in the product’s raw material affects the performance of its commercial
products. On the economic feasibility side, the silica sand quantity is feasible for a
factory scale with high market demand, but the purifying technology is complex and
subsequently requires expensive investment costs and a long payback period
(Qv=difficult). After meeting the raw material standards, the silica-based product
performance indicates good quality and is suitable for commercial products (Ic=easy).
Due to the complex purifying technology that influences investment decisions, the
valorization of the residual sand from tin processing for silica-based industry produces
a moderate criticality index. Therefore, the proven purification technology for
industrial scale is crucial for further research.

Keywords: mining waste; residual industry; waste valorization; silica sand; product
viability.
C14

Adsorption of Pb(II) ion using Biosorbent derived Pineapple Peel Waste

Vienna Saraswaty1*, Evyka Setya Aji1, Ayu Hanifah1, Henry Setiyanto2, Diah
Ratnaningrum1, Ardi Ardiansyah1
1 Research Center for Applied Microbiology, National Research and Innovation

Agency of Republic Indonesia, KST Samaun Samadikun, Jl. Cisitu Sangkuriang,

Bandung, Indonesia
2 Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha

10, Bandung, Indonesia

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. The potential of pineapple peel waste as biosorbent for heavy metal
that is Pb(II) was investigated. The experiment was carried out at various contact
time, dose of adsorbent and pH of solution. Results obviously showed that
biosorbent derived pineapple peel waste is potential for removing Pb(II) ion from
aqueous solution. The adsorption of Pb(II) ion depended on pH of solution. No
significant difference was observed when the adsorption was performed at pH
of 4.0 and 5.0. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) evaluation indicated
that the surface of biosorbent derived from pineapple peel waste were arraged
like flakes and fractures, in addition some pores are also present. After
adsorption, the SEM image of biosorbent derived from pineapple peel waste
were cloudy, indicating that the Pb(II) ion were successfully adsorbed. Using
various contact time, about >95% of 100 ppm Pb(II) ion were adsorbed within 5
minutes, indicating that the biosorbent derived from pineapple peel waste has a
fast adsorption capacity. In conclusion, our investigation clearly showed the
potential of pineapple peel waste to remove heavy metal including Pb(II) ion
from solution.

Keywords: adsorption; biomass; pineapple peel; Pb

C15

Potential Conversion of Coconut Husk-waste to Magnetic Cellulose

Designed for Synthetic Dye Removal

Andrean Natajaya1, Felix Natanael Ongkowijoyo1, Maria Yuliana1,2,3*, Shella

Permatasari Santoso1,2,3, Sandy Budi Hartono1,3

1 Department of Chemical Engineering, Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic

University, Kalijudan 37, Surabaya 60114, Indonesia
2 Chemical Engineering Master Program, Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic

University, Kalijudan 37, Surabaya 60114, Indonesia

3 Collaborative Research Center for Zero Waste and Sustainability, Kalijudan

37, Surabaya 60114, Indonesia

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. Increasing concern about sustainability and environmental issues

caused by the massive amount of solid biomass waste in Indonesia has driven
efforts to develop new products for various endues applications in energy,
environment, and health sectors. This study uses coconut husk as the cellulose
source to fabricate magnetic cellulose (MC) via coprecipitation with iron chloride
salts. Combining cellulose with magnetite nanoparticles aims to improve the
removal rate of synthetic dye as the latter provides high catalytic activity in the
Fenton degradation process to eliminate persistent pollutants. The
paramagnetic characteristics that MC possesses also make them easily
recovered after use. The adsorption capacity is found at 250 mg/g (temperature
of 30°C, the dye initial concentration of 100 ppm, and the precursor mass ratio
of 1:4.8:25) for Rhodamine-B. The dye mineralization in this condition also
reaches 50%, indicating that this adsorbent can be used as an efficient material
to adsorb and degrade dye from an aqueous solution. This magnetic adsorbent
will be of immense potential application for removing organic contaminants,
particularly synthetic dyes, due to its good performance, simple separation, and
ability to perform both adsorption and degradation processes simultaneously.

Keywords: coconut husk; cellulose; synthetic dye; adsorption; degradation

C16
Preliminary findings on the potential of converting municipal solid waste
into refuse-derived fuel as an alternative renewable energy source from
the Jakarta waste case study

Wiharja1,2*, E M Maulidayanti3, M H Robbani1, Suherman2, Syafrudin2

1 Research Center for Environmental and Clean Technology, National Research and
Innovation Agency, B. J. Habibie Science and Technology Area, South Tangerang,
Indonesia
2 Doctoral Program of Environmental Science, Diponegoro University, Postgraduate

Building B Floor 4, Semarang, Indonesia

3 Department of Agricultural Industrial Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agricultural

University, Dramaga Campus, Bogor, Indonesia

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. The conversion of municipal solid waste (MSW) to refuse-derived fuel

(RDF) is a promising technology for addressing waste management issues and
obtaining a sustainable source of renewable energy. However, the implementation of
RDF technology for MSW management in Indonesia, particularly in urban areas, has
not yet been realized. This study aims to evaluate the viability of producing RDF from
MSW, specifically the waste generated by Jakarta city, which is representative of
other large cities in Indonesia. The research analyzed the MSW, including its physical
and chemical properties, such as composition, proximate and ultimate analysis, and
energy content. In order to investigate the potential adoption of bio-drying technology
for the production of RDF from waste in Jakarta, a pilot scale experiment was
conducted using a batch system. The results of the characterization indicate that the
sample comprises of more than 50% organic waste, and furthermore, the moisture
content in the samples is greater than 60%. The proportion of carbon content in the
waste falls within the range of 50%. The waste typically contains a carbon content of
around 50% and a calorific value of approximately 1100 kcal/kg. RDF products
produced through bio-drying can achieve a moisture content of 37.88% and a heating
value of 2675 kcal/kg. The results further emphasize the potential of the produced
RDF as a feasible source of renewable energy. The study highlights the importance
of MSW characterization when designing efficient RDF production processes that are
tailored to local waste compositions. This investigation advances the overall
knowledge of waste-to-energy techniques by stressing the possibility of transforming
Jakarta's MSW into RDF for renewable energy generation. The preliminary findings
provide a foundation for upcoming research on optimizing processes, assessing
economic feasibility, and evaluating the environmental impact of RDF manufacturing
in Indonesia.

Keywords: bio-drying; municipal solid waste; pilot scale; refuse-derived fuel;

renewable energy; waste-to-energy
D02

Indonesia’s Green Economy Index: An Overview

Yesi Hendriani Supartoyo1*

1National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Research Center for

Macroeconomics and Finance, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. Green Economy Index as a tool to measure the progress of Green

Economy by using selected indicators representing economic, environmental,
and social nexus. Green Economy Index score grows 25%, reaching 59.17 in
2020. Green Economy Index would serve as a tool for evaluation and strategic
development purposes to help the government formulate future planning
document and policies. The Green Economy Index provides a more
comprehensive and objective analysis on how green Indonesia is, since the
index is developed based on the interlinkages of economy, environment and
social pillars. The Green Economy refers to sustainable planetary-wide
economy, which applies to both at the terrestrial and marine (blue economy). All
activities, investments, and infrastructure that fall under the green economy’s
umbrella are contrary to the brown-based economy. Implementing Green
Economy as one of Indonesia’s economic transformation strategies is a timely
step, as Green Economy plays strategic role as future “game changers”,
particularly in navigating the development paradigm toward a more sustainable
and low carbon economy

Keywords: green economy index; environmental pillar; economic pillar; social

pillar
D03

Climate Change Policy Adaptation Based On Global Study Evolution: An

Important Contribution To Indonesia

Kisman Karinda1*, Tawakkal Baharuddin2

1 Department of Government Science, Universitas Muhammadiyah Luwuk,

Indonesia
2 Department of Government Science, Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar,

Indonesia

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. This study aims to analyze the evolution of global studies on climate
change and its impact on adaptation to climate change policies in Indonesia.
Climate change is becoming an increasingly pressing issue and affecting
countries worldwide, including Indonesia, which are vulnerable to the impacts of
climate change. This study uses data sources in the form of research publication
documents from the Scopus database by maximizing bibliometric analysis with
Vosviewer. The evolution of global studies on climate change and policy has
contributed to the understanding, research and implementation of policies in
many countries, especially in Indonesia. However, Indonesia faces complex
challenges in dealing with climate change, including geographic diversity,
sustainability of natural resources, resilience to climate change, coordination
between sectors and levels of government, financial and technological
constraints, education, and public awareness. Strong collaboration between the
government, the private sector and civil society is necessary to address this
challenge.

Keywords: Adaptive policy; climate policy; climate change; sustainable

development
D04
Development of A Subsurface Monitoring System for Land Subsidence
Hazard in the Bandung Basin: A Laboratory Prototype

Dwi Sarah1*, Zulfahmi Zulfahmi2, Anisa Bela Sholehah3, Enggar Ade Riyani4,
Wahyudin1, Amar1
1 Research Center for Geological Disaster, National Research and Innovation Agency,
Bandung, Indonesia
2 Research Center for Mining Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency,

Lampung, Indonesia
3 Department of Physics, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia
4 Department of Physics, Institut Teknologi Sumetera, Lampung, Indonesia
*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. Land subsidence is a global environmental hazard posed by urban

area worldwide, causing degradation in environmental quality and leads to
further disasters such as increased flood risk, contamination risk, and
infrastructure damages. Anthropogenic causes, such as groundwater extraction
and building weight, cause high land subsidence rates. The behaviour of the
subsurface under the influence of anthropogenic causes must be well
understood to mitigate this problem. Conventional subsurface monitoring is
robust and costly. In this case, we aim to first develop a versatile and low cost
subsurface monitoring for land subsidence at a laboratory scale. Methods
employed were designing and constructing an experiment model box, designing
and developing the monitoring system, and trial experiments in the laboratory.
The sensors are linear vertical displacement transducer, potentiometer, debit
meter, water level and pressure sensors. The monitoring system uses Arduino
microcontroller to convert sensors inputs to desirable outputs and a logger to
record the real-time data and transmit it to personal computer in the laboratory.
Land subsidence in the Bandung basin was taken as a model case. The model
box was filled with soil from Gedebage Bandung. A scenario of exploitation of
confined groundwater and weight of building was applied for the model case.
The results show that the laboratory prototype can monitor the subsurface
changes due to the applied anthropogenic forces. In the case of Bandung soil,
groundwater exploitation did not immediately cause subsidence instantenously.
There is a time delay between the drawdown of groundwater level and the
subsequent vertical deformation. This information asserts the importance of
long-time monitoring in subsidence areas.

Keywords: land subsidence;monitoring system; Bandung basin; laboratory,

prototype
D06
Occupational Disease Risk Assessment: Arsenic Exposure in Artisanal
and Small-Scale Gold Mining Sites, Bombana Area, Southeast Sulawesi,
Indonesia
Basri1*, Annisa Anwar Muthaher2, Masayuki Sakakibara3, Koichiro Sera4, Satoru
Komatsu5
1Department of Public Health, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Makassar, Makassar,
Indonesia
2Department of Forensic and Medicolegal, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University,

Makassar, Indonesia
3Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (RIHN), Kyoto, Japan
4Cyclotron Research Centre, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan
5School of Global Humanities and Social Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan

* E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. Arsenic (As) exposure resulting from anthropogenic activities can lead to
the accumulation of heavy metals in the body, causing heavy metal poisoning and
occupational diseases. Occupational diseases and fatal accidents pose significant
challenges for artisanal workers and small-scale gold miners (ASGM) due to the use
of primitive and inexpensive technology. This study aimed to investigate the extent of
As exposure and its potential association with the incidence of occupational diseases
among miners at two ASGM sites in the Bombana area of Southeast Sulawesi,
Indonesia. Samples were divided into two groups: the exposed group (Rarowatu and
North Rarowatu area) and the control group (Rumbia area). A total of 81 ASGM
miners underwent medical examinations and completed questionnaires administered
by doctors to identify symptoms of occupational diseases. The analysis of As
concentrations was performed on human scalp hair samples collected from these 81
volunteers using particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) analytical instruments at the
Cyclotron Research Center, Iwate Medical University in Iwate, Japan. Workers with
over ten years of mining experience exhibited significantly higher mean As
concentrations compared to those exposed for shorter durations (2.67 µg/g and 1.26
µg/g, respectively). The exposed group displayed As concentrations (1.61 µg/g)
surpassing the international guidelines set by World Health Organization (1 µg/g).
Although these concentrations were higher than those of the control group (0.87
µg/g), no statistically significant difference was observed with p<0.05. Furthermore,
no significant difference in As concentrations was found between sick workers and
their healthy counterparts based on symptoms related to neurological disorders,
respiratory disorders, musculoskeletal disorders, degenerative diseases, and other
symptoms (p-values of 0.08, 0.32, 0.69, 0.36, and 0.67, respectively). Although below
levels observed in some other regions, exceeding the World Health Organization's
maximum tolerable value for arsenic in hair indicates a serious health risk.

Keywords: arsenic; ASGM; Bombana; occupational diseases; risk assessment

D07

Mapping the vicious-cycles of community gold mining (CGM): case study

of the CGM sites at Sukabumi Regency, Indonesia

Fajar Yudi Prabawa1*

1Research Center for Mining Technology, National Agency for Research and

Innovation (BRIN), Republic of Indonesia

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. Community Gold Mining (CGM) in Indonesia has never ending

problems, such are CGM activity’s impact on health from mercury use,
environmental degradation, spill of the state’s economy from illegal depletion of
resources, etc. There is progress in the efforts at problem solving conducted by
the government. Even so, the main problems are still existing. To support the
current programs, firstly, we need a CGM model, to understand the factual
conditions, that includes the essential variables of current CGM scopes:
condition, problems and their causal connectivity. This study is conducted to
map the CGM scope in variables, and develop them to be a causal model.
Studies took place at the CGM sites at Sukabumi Regency Indonesia, during
2018-2020. The ArcGis and Powersim 10 System Dynamics Softwares were
used, the data is supplied from the observation, investigative methods, and a
reference study. The results are the novelties; a model of current CGM activity,
in CLD or Causal Loops Diagram, namely “the Turtle Map CLD Model of the
CGM”, then a model: “the vicious cycle of CGM”, contains stages of CGM
activity. Both these models represent the factual condition of CGM in Indonesia,
displaying vicious cycles in current CGM sites, and could become a guidance
map in the forthcoming effort to discover any progressive solution.

Keywords: sustainable mining, community gold mining, system dynamic

modeling, causal loop Turtle Map model, vicious-cycle of CGM model
D09

Comparison of the Naïve Bayes and the Nearest Neighbor Method to

Detect Vegetation in Some of the New Capital of Indonesia (IKN)

Jalu Tejo Nugroho1*, Nurwita Mustika Sari1, Parwati Sofan1, Khalifah Insan Nur
Rahmi1

1Research Center for Remote Sensing, National Research and Innovation

Agency, Cibinong, Indonesia

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. Human activities or anthropogenic activities can cause land cover

changes in an area. IKN as the new capital city of Indonesia has the potential to
experience changes in land cover due to massive infrastructure development in
the future. Land cover detection using remote sensing and machine learning is
growing rapidly because it can monitor environmental conditions in an area.
Planet imagery is one of the most recent remote sensing data with sufficient
spatial resolution to identify land cover. This research aims to detect vegetation
objects and built-up land in the study area. The data used is Planet imagery and
the research area is part of the IKN in Kalimantan, Indonesia. The method
proposed in this study is the object-based classification (OBIA) Naïve Bayes
compared to Nearest Neighbor method. The results show that OBIA using these
two machine learnings are able to detect vegetation and built-up land where the
overall accuracy with Nearest Neighbor reaches 87.8% and Naïve Bayes
obtains a higher accuracy of 98.7%. These results indicate that the proposed
method is effective for detection of built-up land cover and vegetation as a
solution for environmental monitoring in IKN.

Keywords: IKN; land cover detection; Naïve Bayes; Nearest Neighbor; OBIA;
remote sensing.
D11

Investigation of microbiological quality of indoor air in an university

campus due to students returning after COVID-19 Restriction

Ahmad Daudsyah Imami1, Rifka Noor Azizah1*, Tio Katarina Marpaung1, Dion
Awfa1

1 Department of Environmental Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sumatera,

Jl.Terusan Ryacudu, South Lampung, Indonesia

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. COVID-19 has opened the world's eyes to microbiological indoor air
quality, which is essential to know the disease's behaviour and spread. COVID-
19 has caused several campuses to restrict campus activities to minimize the
virus's transmission among students. As students return to campus,
microbiological indoor air quality can deteriorate. Therefore, understanding
related to this matter needs to be improved. This study aims to give a glimpse
to investigate the impact of a student returning to microbiological indoor air
quality and determine the main contributing factors influencing it. This study
measured two microbial air pollutants, total bacteria, and fungi, in a different
indoor environment at the Sumatra Institute of Technology in Lampung,
Indonesia. Simultaneously, the main factor, (the number of occupants/students)
and several environmental factors that could potentially influence microbial air
pollutants such as room temperature, relative humidity, light intensity, ventilation
area, and the direction of wind movement were also measured. Compared to
measurements taken during the pandemic, the intensified number of averaged
total bacteria and total fungi reached 248% and 63%, respectively. The total
bacteria measured at the sampling locations were higher than the total fungi of
799.27 CFU/m3 compared to 552.99 CFU/m3. The number of bacteria also
exceeds the Indonesian Bacteria Indoor Air Quality parameters standard. Based
on the regression linier analysis, different significant variables influence each
parameter. In general, the return of students after COVID-19 restrictions has
significantly affected indoor microbiological air quality. In addition, the
environmental factors that affect the parameters of bacteria and fungi are
different, so further attention shall be addressed by the campus.

Keywords: campus; COVID-19 Restriction; indoor air quality; microbiology

D13

Arsenic contamination in rice consumption in Bandung City-West Java

T A Koesmawati1,2*, N Fitria1,2, Mariska M Pitoi1, R Yusiasih1, S Tanuwidjaja2, T

Yulianti2

1 PRLTB BRIN, Jalan Cisitu, Bandung, Indonesia

2 Bakti Asih Higher Education of Analyst, Jalan Padasuka Atas, Bandung,
Indonesia

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. Arsenic contamination in rice has been a concern in Indonesia and

various other countries. Arsenic is a naturally occurring element that can be
found in soil and water. Rice is a staple food in Indonesia, and the consumption
of rice is widespread across the country. Arsenic in rice poses potential health
risks to consumers, as long-term exposure to high levels of arsenic is associated
with various health problems, including certain types of cancer of bladder and
lung, and skin lesions. According to the US Department of Agriculture, Indonesia
is number 15 in world rice consumption with 128.6 kg per capita per year.
Bandung is the capital city of West Java, the population of Bandung City was
more than 2.5 million, and it is number 5 in Indonesia's population. This study
was conducted to measure arsenic contamination in rice consumed by people
in Bandung City. Twenty samples of white and brown rice were collected from a
traditional market in Bandung, West Java. The sample was prepared using the
Indonesian Regulation Standard (SNI) method and measured using Hydridge
Generator Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (HG-AAS). The arsenic
concentration in rice was found between 0.1–0.7 mg/kg, while brown rice
consists of higher arsenic than white rice. The maximum consumption limit
(MCL) of the SNI, is 0.4 mg/kg, and the WHO regulation was 0.3 mg/kg. It is
important to note the study should be continued over the next few years, to
monitor the potential health risks associated with consuming contaminated rice.

Keywords: arsenic, brown rice, health risks, white rice

D14

Determining the Water Quality Status of the Serayu River from Continuous
Online Monitoring measurements

Evitta Sherin Arinda1, Heru Dwi Wahyono2, Arif Dwi Santoso3, Satmoko
Yudo2*, Taty Hernaningsih2, Nusa Idaman Said2
1 Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Brawijaya
University, Jl. Veteran No.16, Ketawanggede, Lowokwaru, Malang City, East Java Province 65145,
Indonesia.
2 Research Center for Environmental and Clean Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency.

Geostech 820 Building 3rd Floor, Puspiptek Area, South Tangerang City, Banten Province 15314,
Indonesia.
3 Research Center for Sustainable Production Systems and Life Cycle Assessment, National Research

and Innovation Agency. 256 Building, Puspiptek Area, South Tangerang City, Banten Province 15314,
Indonesia.

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract.
Serayu River is one of the national strategic rivers and is a very important water
resource because it functions as a source of raw water for PDAM, industrial raw
water, agricultural irrigation and household for the surrounding community.
Currently the condition of the Serayu River is getting worse, due to a decrease
in environmental quality caused by erosion and environmental pollution. The
purpose of this investigation was to determine the level of water pollution in the
Serayu River based on the parameters of temperature, DO, pH, TDS, DHL,
turbidity, and ammonia from the measurement results at 2 (two) continuous
online monitoring stations located at the Wanganaji Dam (upstream) and the
Gerak Serayu Dam (downstream) of the Serayu River. This research method
uses descriptive statistical analysis and the STORET method which refers to the
Decree of the Minister of Environment and Forestry Number 115 of 2003 and
Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 82 of 2001. The
results showed that the value of water quality in the upstream of the Serayu
River (Wanganaji Dam Station) is partially most of the parameters measured still
meet the quality standards. While the water quality downstream of the Serayu
River (Gerak Serayu Dam Station) the values for the parameters of DO, turbidity
and ammonia exceed the required quality standards. The water quality status of
the two dam upstream and downstream of the Serayu River are at moderate
and heavily polluted levels.

Keywords: Serayu River, continuous online monitoring, water quality status,

STORET method.
D17

A Comparative Study on Bioaccumulation and Depuration Kinetics of Zinc

by Fish and Crustacean Exposed to Multiple Concentrations using
Radioisotope Tracer
IB Wahyono1,3*, Muslim2, H Suseno4, CA Suryono1 and A Sudaryanto3
1Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Diponegoro University,
Semarang, 50271 Indonesia
2Department of Oceanography, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Diponegoro University,

Semarang, 50271 Indonesia

3Research Center for Environmental and Clean Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency

(BRIN), Serpong, Tangerang Selatan 15314, Indonesia

4Research Center for Radioisotope Technology, Radiopharmaceuticals, and Biodosimetry, National

Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Serpong, Tangerang Selatan 15314, Indonesia
*E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract. Zinc is one of an element that has become an environmental issue. Despite
its natural origin and beneficial properties, the concentration of zinc increases in the
environment due to anthropogenic activities and become toxic to organisms at certain
doses. Bioaccumulation of zinc in living organisms is thus a matter of concern. The
present study aims at the understanding of bioaccumulation and depuration kinetics
of zinc by marine fish and crustaceans through laboratory experiment study using a
radioisotope tracer. In this study, milkfish (Chanos chanos) and crustacean blue
swimming crabs (Portunus pelagicus) were used. The fish and crustaceans were
exposed to 65Zn as radioisotope tracers at multiple concentrations of 0,50; 1.0; 1,5
and 2.0 ppm for 7 days in seawater media. Whole-body zinc concentrations were
determined by live-animal gamma-spectrometry. The results showed that the
bioaccumulation and depuration kinetics of zinc was different between the two biota.
Crustaceans readily uptake zinc than fish at uptake constant (Ku) of 0,30 - 0,78 d-1
and 1,9 - 3,3 d-1, respectively. Similarly, crustaceans easily accumulate of zinc than
fish with a concentration factor (CF) of 7,8 - 61 ml g-1 than 0,60-18 ml g-1 and steady-
state concentration factor (CFss) of 26 - 59 ml g-1 than 10-18 ml g-1, respectively.
However, the accumulation of Zinc was more rapidly depurated in crustaceans than
fish with an elimination constant (Ke) of 0,065-0,089 d-1 in crustaceans and 5,0 - 8,7
d-1 in fish. The accumulation of zinc will take a longer time in fish than in crustaceans
with a biological half-life (T1/2) 7,9 - 14 d-1 in fish and 4,5 - 6,2 d-1 in crustaceans. This
study highlights stable isotope tracer techniques as a powerful tool to investigate
metal bioavailability which is therefore important for further understanding of their fate
and behavior in the environment including their toxic potential related to seafood
safety.

Keywords: Zinc, bioaccumulation, depuration, Chanos chanos, Portunus pelagicus

D19

Estimating CO2 Emission from Fly Ash and Bottom Ash Collection and
Transport from Thermal Waste Processing in Jakarta

Rudi Setiaji1, Ahmad Faris Saffan Sunarya2, Rizky Pratama Adhi3*, Reba
Anindyajati Pratama3

1 Professional in Urban Transport and Planning

2 Professional in Land Use and Spatial Planning
3 Research Center for Environment and Clean Technology, National Research

and Innovation Agency, Indonesia

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract
The municipal solid waste is one of the fundamental problems in DKI Jakarta
Province. This study assumed that DKI Jakarta has the distributed-waste
treatment facilities (DTF); west, east and south service area. The technology
used is thermal waste system due to it’s efficiency in handling large waste
volume. On the other hand, the residual of thermal waste treatment in form of
Fly Ash and Bottom Ash (FABA) had become another issue. The proportion of
fly ash and bottom ash reached 1,5% and 18,5% from the total waste volume in
all DTFs, which are 88,47 ton of fly ashes per day and 1.091,07 ton of bottom
ashes per day. This study analyzed the total kilometer travelled and the fuel
consumption that needed to transport FABA from each DTF location to the
designated disposal site. This study assumed that the transportation of FABA
will be carried out using a 12 tons load capacity truck or equivalent with the
existing truck in service. A simple trip assignment through Arc-GIS generated
the number of trips needed per day. There are 3 scenarios of FABA disposal
site, there are TPST Bantargebang, third-party site at Bogor, and combination
of both. The total vehicle kilometer travelled reached around 9.200 km/day and
consumed around 5.600 liter of bio-solar/day. The trip assignment showed that
the total kilometer travelled to third party site is higher than the other two
alternatives. The total trip to transport FABA to TPST Bantargebang, then fly
ash to third party site and bottom ash to TPST Bantargebang resulted not much
different. The transportation of FABA to TPST Bantargebang had the lowest total
kilometer travelled. The CO2 emission estimated around 14,78 ton CO2 per day.

Keywords: bottom ash; CO2 emission; fly ash; thermal; transport; waste
D20

Study of Waste Generation and Composition on Pasaran Island, Lampung,

Indonesia

Nurul Mawaddah1, Firdha Cahya Alam1*, Sahid2, Venny Ulya Bunga3, Zarah
Arwieny Hanami4, Wisnu Prayogo5, Mushthofa Kamal6, Tiara Gultom1
1 Department of Environmental Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Terusan Ryacudu, Way Huwi,
Jati Agung, Lampung 35365, Indonesia
2Department of Tourism, Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Terusan Ryacudu, Way Huwi, Jati Agung, Lampung

35365, Indonesia
3Department of Environmental Engineering, Universitas Singaperbangsa Karawang, Karawang 41361,

Indonesia
4Department of Environmental Engineering, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar 90245, Indonesia
5Department of Building Engineering Education, Universitas Negeri Medan, Medan 20221, Indonesia
6Departement of Tourism Destination Politeknik Negeri Jember, Jember 68101, Indonesia

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. Pasaran Island has been known as an anchovy processing centre

since the 1970s. However, the waste problem is an obstacle to developing the
potential of Pasaran Island. Until now, there have been no studies on waste
generation and composition on Pasaran Island, which are important parameters
for planning a sustainable waste management system. Several studies that have
been conducted have only focused on studies related to community behaviour,
socio-economic conditions, the influence of the stakeholders involved, and the
existing conditions in waste management on Pasaran Island. Thus, this research
aims to calculate the generation and composition of waste on Pasaran Island.
This study uses the method of sampling waste at the source. The identified
waste has a scale of > 5 mm to 1 m (meso-debris and macro-debris). Sampling
points were carried out in 3 zones, namely the supratidal zone, which is the area
adjacent to traders around the island, the intertidal zone, which is the area
adjacent to mangrove forests and the subtidal zone, which is the lowest ebb
point with the area adjacent to the estuary or bridge on Pasaran Island. The
results show that the waste generation rate on Pasaran Island is 0.4 kg per
capita per day, which means that most of it consists of plastic, rubber, metal,
glass, and other waste. However, the most dominant type of waste in each
location was plastic waste, dominated by film, fibre, fragments, and styrofoam,
with a percentage of 46.22%. The presence of trash can negatively impact a
beach's aesthetic appeal and reduce its recreational value and tourism quality.

Keywords: waste generation and composition; waste management; tourism;

Pasaran Island
D22

Preliminary study of triclosan analysis in water: GC/ECD optimization

Mariska M. Pitoi1,2*, Retno Yusiasih2, Anung Syampurwadi3, Diana R. Wulan2,

Handajaya Rusli1, Muhammad B. Amran1*
1 Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Institut Teknologi Bandung. Jl. Ganesha No. 10,
Bandung 40132, West Java, Indonesia
2 National Research and Innovation Agency Indonesian - Research Center for

Environmental and Clean Technology, KST Samaun Samadikun, Jl. Sangkuriang, Bandung
40135, Indonesia.
2 National Research and Innovation Agency Indonesian - Research Center for Advanced

Materials, KST Samaun Samadikun, Jl. Sangkuriang, Bandung 40135, Indonesia.

*E-mail address: [email protected]; [email protected]

Abstract. Triclosan is one of emerging contaminants with antimicrobial and

disinfection properties. It is commonly used in soaps, toothpastes, detergents,
hand sanitizers, disinfectants, and other personal care products. Triclosan is
ubiquitous in environmental samples and its concentration in natural waters is
drastically increase owing to the use of hand-sanitizer during COVID-19
pandemic. Triclosan cancer classification has not been determined yet, but
recent studies and government assessments had shown its adverse effect,
including as endocrine disruptor compound (EDC) to living things even at
relatively low concentration. Triclosan analysis in environmental samples are
mostly performed on LC/MS or GC/MS instruments. However, these
instruments are relatively expensive. This study was aimed to optimize GC/ECD
for triclosan quantification as an alternative to MS based instruments. Triclosan
standard solutions at several concentrations were injected into the GC/ECD and
the result is evaluated. The result showed that GC/ECD was able to detect
triclosan at 0.1 ppb with good repeatability showed by %RSD of 0.48 %. The
calibration curve at range of 0.1 to 1000 ppb showed a good linearity
(r=0.99999).

Keywords: emerging contaminant; triclosan; GC/ECD, trace analysis

D23

Effect of Climate Change on Water Quality and Quantity in Asahan River

North Sumatera

Agung Riyadi1*, Albert Sulaiman2, Suhendar I Sachoemar1, Syaefudin1, Yudhi

S Garno1, Joko Prayitno Susanto1, Teguh Prayogo1, Tusy A Adibroto1, Lestario
Widodo1
1Research Center for Environment and Clean Technology, National Research and
Innovation Agency (BRIN), Kawasan Puspiptek Gd.820. Serpong 15314. Tangerang
Selatan. Indonesia
2Research Center for Climate and Atmosphere, National Research and Innovation Agency

(BRIN), Bandung, Indonesia

*Email: [email protected]

Abstract. The Asahan River is the only water outfall from Lake Toba, North
Sumatra, Indonesia. Climate change is believed to have an impact on the water
quality of Lake Toba. We estimate the Lake of Toba water quality by studying
the behaviour of water quality in its outfall. In this paper, we use bathymetry data,
water discharge, rainfall and water quality (BOD, COD, Cu, TDS and TSS) of
the Asahan River. Climate change is represented by El Nino (Nino3.4) and
Indian Ocean Dipole Mode (IOD) parameters. The dispersion of water quality
along the Asahan River is investigated using the MIKE21 advection-dispersion
model. The monthly discharge data of the Asahan River is the result of
measurements by Perum Jasa Tirta I from 2009 – 2018. Minimum and maximum
fluctuations in discharge (m3/sec) are January (98.1 – 151), February (94.1 –
178, 2), March (92.5 – 176.5), April (89.8 – 153.6), May (94.2 – 126.4), June
(97.3 – 124.5), July (96 .6 – 128.5), Aug (92.8 – 126.9), Sep (89.6 – 127.4), Oct
(91.1 – 127.4), Nov (91.3 -127.0 ) Dec (90.9 -121.8). Water quality data in the
upstream and downstream of the Asahan River. Locations upstream of Asahan
River with coordinates 99° 11' 45.3” E and 02° 27' 24.1” and downstream with
coordinates 99° 12' 17.6” E and 02° 28' 02.9” N. Water quality parameters (mg/l)
sampled (upstream – downstream) consisted of BOD (<0.4 – 0.4), COD (<1.6 -
<1.6), Cu (<0.006 - <0.006), Pb (0.001 - <0.0002), pH (7.81 – 8.07), TDS (81 –
56) and TSS (3 – 24). Based on the results of the BOD distribution model, it is
known that the Zone of Dilution (ZID) is a zone where organisms, including the
benthos, can be continuously exposed to contaminants with certain
concentrations. The ZID range is 153 m to the north with a ZID area of 0.19 Ha

Keywords: Climate change; Dispersion model; Fluctuation; Water quality.

D25

Techno-Economic Feasibility Analysis of Solar Power Plant at Putri

Cempo Landfill in Surakarta City

Yunita Indriyani1*, Rudy Laksmono1, M. Ikhwan Syahtaria1, Nugroho Adi

Sasongko1,2
1 Department of Energy Security, Indonesia Defense University, Bogor, Indonesia
2Research Center for Sustainable Production System and Life Cycle Assessment, The
National Research and Innovation Agency of The Republic of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. The electricity sector aims for renewable energy sources purpose to
meet the national electricity needs and to achieve the renewable energy target
given that fossil fuels are increasingly limited. One of the government's roles in
providing power plants in Surakarta City is through the construction of a
municipal solid waste (MSW) power plant at Putri Cempo landfill, however until
the targeted time it is not ready to operate. This study aims to analyze the
techno-economic feasibility of potential PV rooftop in buildings at Putri Cempo
landfill. The Quasi-Qualitative research method is used with primary data
derived from observation and documentation while secondary data is sourced
from appropriate literature studies and the data is processed and analyzed using
RETScreen software. The results showed that the office and the garage in the
Putri Cempo landfill area could be developed into PV power plant with an annual
potential of 988 MWh of electrical energy. The conclusion of this study is that to
achieve the electricity needs and renewable energi target, the rooftop of the
building at Putri Cempo landfill can be maximized as a PV power plant to
guarantee energy supply in case any energy crisis occurs in the future.

Keywords: Green House Gas Emission; Putri Cempo Landfill; PV Power Plant;
Renewable Energy.
D26

Environmental Monitoring of the Transportation Sector in Meta-Analytic

Study

Sri Sarjana
Land Transportation Department, Politeknik Transportasi Darat Indonesia -
STTD, Bekasi, Indonesia

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. Environmental monitoring is the process of collecting, monitoring and

analyzing data related to physical and biological environment in order to
understand environmental conditions, identify problems that may occur and take
action to protect and improve the environment. Environmental monitoring in
transportation sector is directed at understanding its contribution to air pollution,
noise pollution, greenhouse gas emissions, habitat destruction, and other
impacts on environment. The purpose of this study is to identify derivative
concepts in environmental monitoring for encouraging the development of green
technology through analysis of scientific publications. Meta-analysis applied
through bibliometric analysis to the concept of environmental monitoring in
transportation sector is expected to produce novel findings. Analytic hierarchy
process is carried out as follow-up analysis in determining choices and priorities
on topic findings that have novelty. Data collection was obtained in the form of
scientific journals published for 2018-2022 sourced from Google Scholar
through a search with the concept of environmental monitoring in transportation
sector. The results of study found that several derivative topics in the concept of
environmental monitoring in transportation sector have novelties including
atmospheric transport, gas sensing, carbon footprint, tritium transport, vertical
transport, smart grid and intelligent transportation system. While priority topics
that are expected to be followed up in the development of knowledge and
technology in the future include gas sensing, carbon footprint and intelligent
transportation systems.

Keywords: environmental monitoring; carbon footprint; intelligent transportation

systems; bibliometric analysis; analytic hierarchy process
D28
Building a Resilient North Jakarta: Integrating Social Preferences for
Effective Adaptation and Mitigation Strategy in the Climate Change Era
Tusy Augustine1, Pini Wijayanti2, Reba Anindyajati Pratama1*, Rizky Pratama
Adhi1, Iif Miftahul Ihsan1 , Rendi Handika3
1 Research Center for Environmental and Clean Technology, National Research and
Innovation Agency, Kawasan Puspiptek Gedung 820, Tangerang Selatan 15314, Indonesia
2 Department of Resource and Environmental Economy, IPB University, Dramaga Campus

IPB, Bogor 16680, Indonesia

3 Natural Resources and Environmental Management Science, IPB University,

Baranangsiang Campus IPB, Bogor 16144, Indonesia

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. The northern part of Jakarta, Indonesia, has been significantly

affected by climate change, grappling with recurring floods that have adversely
impacted the lives and livelihoods of its residents. Numerous studies have found
that the combination of sea level rise, land subsidence, and increased
precipitation will heighten the risk of river flooding in the future. The government
has implemented various physical flood mitigation measures to alleviate the
negative effects of flooding. However, these measures are not sufficient to
effectively reduce future flood risks due to the prevailing uncertainty. This study
aims to assess the socio-cultural risks in the northern part of Jakarta and identify
community preferences for implementing adaptation strategies to address the
impacts of climate change. The study was conducted in 2017 and was expected
to contribute to Jakarta's Mid-term Development Plan 2017-2022. Conducting
predominantly qualitative approaches, this study utilized a multilevel data
collection system in mezzo and micro level. The preliminary findings indicated
that various types of private and public mitigation-adaptation measures have
been adopted by the community. The primary adaptation measure involves
elevating house ground level and moving household items to higher ground,
favored by 62.9% of respondents. Additionally, 44% of respondents suggested
maintaining the local drainage system and improving pumping facilities as
crucial public mitigation measures to minimize future damages. Furthermore,
62% of households are resistant to the idea of relocating to vertical houses, as
they fear this would negatively impact their well-being by either resulting in job
loss or increased monthly expenditures. Only 13% of respondents expressed
willingness to relocate voluntarily, whose primarily driven by the desire for more
comfortable housing conditions.

Keywords: climate changes; flood; mitigation and adaptation; North Jakarta;

social preferences
E01
Climate Crisis: Investigating the Consequences of Climate Change on
Clean Water Shortages in Rural Areas of Makassar City

Basri1*, Eko Sulityo Nugroho2, Andi Yulia Kasma1, Chitra Dewi1, Andi Tilka
Muftiah Ridjal1, Indah Arifah Febriany3
1Department of Public Health, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Makassar, Indonesia
2Meteorological,Climatological, and Geophysical Agency, Indonesia
3Celebes Kearifan Madani Foundation, Indonesia
*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. The climate crisis has had significant global consequences, including
the scarcity of clean water in various regions. This study focuses on examining
the specific consequences of climate change on clean water shortages in rural
areas of Makassar City. The aim is to understand the challenges faced by rural
communities in accessing and maintaining an adequate supply of clean water in
the context of changing climatic conditions. The research was conducted in Tallo
District, an rural community located in Makassar City. Data on the shortage of
clean water were collected from 200 households covering eight sub-districts,
using purposive sampling technique. Rainfall distribution data for the twelve
months of 2023 were obtained from the Paotere Maritime Meteorological Station
in Makassar City. The results show that in 2022, rainfall with low intensity
occurred in April, July, August, and September (65, 7, 35, and 75 mm,
respectively). Meanwhile, high-intensity rainfall occurred in January, February,
March, May, June, October, November, and December (657, 652, 236, 314,
107, 390, 343, and 749 mm, respectively). The survey results indicate that the
highest number of households experiencing clean water shortages was
observed in June, July, August, and September (14, 53, 49, and 14 households,
respectively). Conversely, the number of households with clean water shortages
was relatively low in January, February, March, April, May, October, November,
and December (11, 6, 6, 10, 10, 9, 11, and 7 households, respectively). There
is a correlation between the distribution of rainfall for the twelve months of 2022
and the occurrence of clean water shortages in households during the same
month and year, with a correlation coefficient (R) value of 0.326. The findings
will contribute to evidence-based policy-making, community empowerment, and
the development of sustainable solutions to address the pressing issue of clean
water scarcity in rural areas amidst the climate crisis.

Keywords: climate crisis; climate change; rainfall, clean water shortage; rural
area
E02

Ammonium Removal From Contaminated Water Using Natural Zeolite

S A Ahsan1*, A Rohman1, M A Fahmi1, Jakah2, E N Dinda2, and A F Rusydi3

1 Department of Chemistry, Diponegoro University, Jl. Prof. H. Soedarto,

Semarang, Indonesia
2Research Center for Geological Resources, National Research and Innovation

Agency, Bandung, Indonesia

3Research Center for Limnology and Water Resources, National Research and

Innovation Agency, Cibinong, Indonesia

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. As a result of human activities, water quality continues to deteriorate.

Nitrogen species is a naturally occurring compound in water, however, wastes
from human activities, such as industries, agriculture, and households, have
reportedly increased their concentration and caused contamination. In this
study, a laboratory experiment is conducted to reduce the concentration of
ammonium, a nitrogen species, in contaminated water. Using Cikancra natural
zeolite as an adsorbent, ammonium is reduced through the adsorption and ion
exchange processes. We use three parameters, contact time, zeolite size, and
ammonium concentration, to determine the optimum result of the adsorption
process. The experimental results reveal that natural zeolite that has been
heated can reduced the ammonium concentration by up to 84%, from 50 mg/L
to 8 mg/L. This state is reached after 60 minutes of contact between
contaminated water and zeolite, measuring 45+60 mess. The evaluation of
Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models indicates that Cikancra zeolite has a
high adsorption capacity and that adsorption occurred physically due to Van Der
Waals interaction between the adsorbate and the adsorbent.

Keywords: adsorption; Cikancra; Freundlich; ion-exchange; Langmuir

E03
Potential Toxic Element and Source Identification of Heavy Metals in the
Hyporheic Zone in Cirasea Sub Watershed. West Java, Indonesia

R Maria1*, A F Rusydi2, D Marganingrum3, A Mulyono3, H Nurohman1, E N Dida1,

R Damayanti1, R M Shoedarto1, Y Rahayudin4, A Taufiqurrahman5, M R
Ferdiano5, D M Nugraha5
1 Research Center for Geological Resources, National Research and Innovation Agency. Sangkuriang,
Bandung 40135, Indonesia, 40135
2Research Center for Limnology and Water Resources, National Research and Innovation Agency,

Cibinong 16911, Indonesia

3Research Center for Environmental and Clean Technology, National Research and 12 Innovation Agency,

Bandung 40135, Indonesia

4Polytechnic of Energy and Mining, Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, 14 Bandung 40211,

Indonesia
5 Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning, National Institute of Technology Bandung 40 124, Indonesia

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. Persistent potential toxic elements environment is a threat to living

organisms. The flowing of groundwater from upstream to downstream further
increases the potential pollution from geogenic and anthropogenic
accumulations in the hyporheic zone. Cirasea sub-watershed a part of a volcanic
mountain area and potential plantation land. Geogenic and anthropogenic
conditions affect groundwater quality and heavy metal residues in groundwater.
This study aims to analyze heavy metals and trace pollutant sources in
groundwater, surface water and sediments in the hyporheic area of the Cirasea
river. The data measured included temperature, pH, TDS, EC, ORP, heavy
metals (Pb, Cu, Cr, Cd), and major elements (Na ⁺, K⁺, Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺, Cl⁻, and
HCO₃⁻). The research method uses statistical analysis, Piper diagram and
spatial analysis. The results showed different distribution patterns of heavy
metals in groundwater, surface water and sediments in the hyporheic zone. The
highest concentration of Cu heavy metal was in the sediment sample with a
value of 52.2 ppm, the highest Pb heavy metal was 0.07 ppm, the highest Cr
was 0.024 ppm, and the highest Cd was 0.004 in the Cirasea river water sample.
The major ion concentration indicating the type of groundwater is Ca-MgHCO3.
The variability of environmental physicochemical factors influenced the heavy
metals' variability. Sources of heavy metals come from geogenic and agricultural
residues from the Cirasea area and its surroundings. This research may thus
help governments, academics, and environmental planners manage
groundwater resources.

Keywords: Potential Toxic Element, heavy metals, hyporheic, geogenic,

agricultural
E06

Evaluation of Land Use and Geology Effect on Groundwater Quality

Characteristics in Bandung Metropolitan Using a Hydrochemical and
Statistical Approach

Detizca Millenna Nugraha1*, Mohammad Raja Aulia1, Moh Rangga Sururi1, Yudi
Rahayudin2, Zakhra Bekti Utami2, Eki Naidania Dida3, Rizka Maria3, Asep
Mulyono4, Jose Joel Carrilo-Rivera5, Anna Fadliah Rusydi6
1 Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning, National Institute of Technology Bandung 40124, Indonesia
2 Polytechnic of Energy and Mining, Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, Bandung 40211, Indonesia
3 Research Center for Geological Resources, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bandung 40135,
Indonesia
4 Research Center for Environmental and Clean Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency,

Bandung 40135, Indonesia

5 Institute of Geography, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, CDMX,

Mexico
6Research Center of Limnology and Water Resources, National Research and Innovation Agency,

Cibinong 16911, Indonesia

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. Groundwater is often used as clean water since it requires less water
treatment. However, the quality will depend on the environmental condition and
human activities. Our research is conducted in Bandung Metropolitan, an
urbanized area where groundwater is preferable, but the quality is becoming
concerning. The aim of this research is to identify those that have the most
influence on groundwater quality, natural or human activities. A total of 113
samples were collected from nine geological conditions spanning three primary
land use types. The samples were analyzed for seven major ions (Na +, K+, Ca2+,
Mg2+, HCO3⁻, SO42⁻, and Cl⁻), which occur naturally in natural water but may be
elevated due to human activities. Based on the Piper diagram, fifty-three
samples are categorized as Ca-HCO3, with the dominant cation being Ca2+ and
the dominant anion being HCO3⁻. Furthermore, the multivariate statistical
analysis reveals that 74% of all ions are related to geological conditions and
anthropogenic activities. In detail, high contents of Ca2+, as the dominant cation,
are significantly correlated by all land uses and most geological formations. In
addition, cations contents were significantly correlated with land uses, but the
correlation varied for each type of geological formation. All land uses surely
correlates with all major ions, but the geology depends on the type of formation.

Keywords: geology; groundwater quality; land use; urban area

E07

Penstock Pipe’s Hydraulic Design for the Mini Hydropower Plant at Besai
Kemu, Bukit Kemuning, Lampung, Indonesia

N. Plamonia1,2,*, E.R.A. Saputra1, Puput Dani Prasetyo Adi3

1 Civil
Engineering, Universitas Pancasila, Jakarta Selatan, Indonesia
2 Research Center for Environmental and Clean Technology, BRIN,
Tangerang Selatan, Indonesia
3 Research Center for Telecommunication, BRIN, Bandung, Indonesia

*E-mail address:
[email protected];[email protected]

Abstract. The mini-hydropower plant utilizing water as its energy source

represents a sustainable technological approach. This study calculates the
hydraulic design of the penstock pipe with a flow rate of 11 m3/s and a flow
velocity of 2.43 m/s to achieve a power output of 4851 Kilowatts. Conveying
water from the head pond to the turbine requires a penstock pipe capable of
withstanding high water pressure. The research finds that for two penstock
pipes, each with a length of 116 m, a diameter of 2.4 m, and a cross-sectional
area of 4.52 m2, a pipe thickness of 15 mm is needed. With sufficient pipe
thickness, the resulting Pressure wave velocity of 1296 m/s can effectively rotate
the turbine to achieve a pressure of 321.42 m. The pressure reduction factors
are (1) Head loss due to penstock friction is 0.169 m; (2) losses due to turbulence
are 0.0035 m; and (3) branching friction losses are 0.1635 m.

Keywords: abstract; grammar; preparing a manuscript; writing skills

E08

Anaerobic And Aerobic Biofilter Using Honeycomb Plastic Tube Media for
Domestic Wastewater Treatment

Nusa Idaman Said, Taty Hernaningsih, Wahyu Widayat, Setiyono, Agus Rifai,
Imam Setiadi, Oman Sulaeman, Dinda Rita Krishumartani H, Satmoko
Yudo, Heru Dwi Wahyono
Research Center for Environmental and Clean Technology, National Research and
Innovation Agency, Geostech Building 820, 2 nd floor, Puspiptek area, Serpong, South
Tangerang, 15314, Indonesia.
Corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract. The potential for domestic wastewater may also become much more
substantial as Indonesia's population increases. Because domestic wastewater
contains both organic and inorganic contaminants and pathogenic
microorganisms that are very dangerous to public health, such as pathogenic
bacteria, viruses, parasitic worms, parasitic protozoa, and others, it is a potential
source of pollution. As a result, strategies must be taken to solve the pollution
caused by domestic wastewater. Anaerobic-aerobic biofilter technology is a
frequently utilized alternative to treating domestic wastewater in Indonesia. The
anaerobic-aerobic biofilter is a dependable, low-cost, and moderately simple
wastewater treatment method that contains organic contaminants. This
research evaluates the performance of treating office wastewater utilizing
anaerobic and aerobic biofilters using honeycomb plastic tube media. The
research approach assessed domestic wastewater treatment units with a design
capacity of 70 m3 per day that were used for office operations in Muara Karang,
Jakarta. Additionally, several domestic WWTPs that use identical process
designs have had their performance investigated. COD, BOD, TSS, ammonia,
and total coliform were the parameters examined by the Minister of Environment
Regulation No. 68 of 2016 on domestic wastewater quality standards. The
research investigation shows that this treatment unit results in a reasonably high
removal efficiency for pollutants in domestic wastewater and is robust to
fluctuations in domestic wastewater discharge. Based on the observations,
COD, BOD, TSS, ammonia, pH, and total coliform removal efficiency were 91%,
93%, 97 %, 97%, and 99 %, respectively. These results comply with the
applicable legislation and meet the standards for domestic wastewater quality.

Keywords: domestic wastewater, plastic honeycomb tube media, anaerobic-

aerobic biofilter, removal efficiency
E09
Hand Hygiene and child diarrhea in urban slum Indonesia during
the COVID-19 Pandemic

Mahmud Aditya Rifqi1, Umi Hamidah2, Neni Sintawardani2, Akira Sai3 and Taro
Yamauchi4
1Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan;
2Research Center for Environmental and Clean Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency,
Bandung, Indonesia;
3Global Station for Indigenous Studies and Cultural Diversity, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan;
4Faculty of Health Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan

Email address: [email protected]

Abstract. Hands are critical pathways for the transfer of viruses and bacteria
into the human body, underscoring the importance of improving hand hygiene
behavior to prevent disease transmission. The pandemic is expected to lead to
an improvement in hand hygiene practices, but few studies have explored hand
hygiene behavior and health outcomes in slum areas of Indonesia during the
pandemic. This study focused on the hand hygiene behavior of children and its
correlation with the incidence of diarrhea. A cross-sectional study was
conducted, involving 238 primary school children from grades 2, 4, and 6 (10 ±
1.5 years old). A structured questionnaire and direct observation were used to
assess handwashing skills, handwashing behavior, and diarrhea symptoms. We
found a higher incidence of diarrhea among students (18%), compared to
national data and our previous research in the same population (6.4%, 14%,
respectively). During the pandemic, more than one-third of children reported
always washing their hands in three critical situations: after playing outside
(40%), after using the toilet (40%), and handling garbage (37%). However, less
than 5% of participants always washed their hands after blowing their nose,
coughing, or sneezing. The awareness of handwashing frequency does not
seem to be followed by handwashing skills. From observations, only 42% of all
participants demonstrated proper handwashing skills, following more than five
recommended steps during handwashing; only 36% performed handwashing for
more than 20 seconds, and 39% did not use soap. A higher proportion of
children with diarrhea was found among those who didn't perform proper
handwashing steps and only used water without soap. The study found that
handwashing skills and soap usage were significantly associated with diarrhea
incidence (p<0.05). These results underscore the importance of improving
handwashing skills among children to prevent the risk of child diarrhea.

Keywords: Hand hygiene, child diarrhea, COVID-19 pandemic, urban slum,

Indonesia
E10

Modified Cellulose Adsorbent (AA-g-Cell/Bent.) for Uranium (VI) Removal:

Synthesis And Application

Niken H. Anggarini1, Meri Suhartini1*, Ade Lestari Yunus2, June Mellawati3, Dani
Gustaman1, Wahyu Adi Nugraha4, Rahmawati1, Sri Muljani4, Marrisa Arlinka1,
Rizka Fitriana1, Erlina Noerpitasari5, M. Yasin Yunus1
1Research Center for Radiation Process Technology, National Research and Innovation
Agency
2Directorate of Laboratory Management, Research Facility, and Science and Technology

Park, National Research and Innovation Agency

3Research Center for Safety, Metrology, and Nuclear Quality Control, National Research

and Innovation Agency

4Department of Chemistry, Institute of Bogor Agricultural
5Research Center for Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Radioactive Waste Technology, National

Research and Innovation Agency

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. In order to remove uranium ion U(VI) from contaminated nuclear

industry waste water, an adsorbent named poly-Acrylic acid grafted
cellulose/bentonite (AA-g-Cell/bent) was synthesized using cellulose of hemp as
raw material, bentonite as dopant, acrylic acid monomer as grafter agent, and
gamma ray radiation as initiator. The addition of bentonite and acrylic acid was
carried out to improve the mechanical properties and increase the adsorption
capacity. The adsorbent was then characterized to determine the degree of
grafted copolimerization (DC), changes in chemical structure (FTIR),
morphology (SEM), and crystal structure (XRD). Adsorption capacity was
observed through concentration, pH solution, and contact time in batch
condition. The equilibrium adsorption isotherm and kinetics were calculated and
find the suitable model with maximum sorption for 100 mg adsorbent is 39.76
mg/g in 100 ppm concentration.

Keywords: cellulose; uranium; adsorption; grafting

E11

Organic Matter Pollutant Removal Using Continuous Baffle Flow

Electrochemical Reactor Equipped With Al0-Al0 Electrodes Configuration

Anna E Persulessy1*, Achmad Syamsuddin1, Etih Hartati2, Nadhira Alifah

Fauzia2

1 Research Center for Environmental and Clean Technology, National Research

and Innovation Agency Republic of Indonesia, KST Samaun Samadikun Cisitu,
Jl. Sangkuriang, Bandung-Indonesia
2 Environmental Engineering Department, Planning and Civil Engineering

Faculty, National Institute of Technology, Bandung, Jl. PHH. Mustafa, Bandung-

Indonesia

*E-mail address: [email protected]; [email protected]

Abstract. Electrooxidation experiment using continuous baffle flow electro-

oxidation reactor (CBFER) equipped with Al0-Al0 electrodes configuration
provides the high removal efficiency for TSS, COD and TDS with certain
detention time and applied voltage. This technique is suitable for pretreatment
tofu liquid waste with high concentration of TSS, COD and TDS. Handheld Niton
XL3t XRF Analyzer confirmed that beside Al3+, there are other elements were
released during electrooxidation. All metals contain in plate sheet electrodes
were attacked by OH- during electrooxidation form metals hydroxide together
with increased of detention time and applied voltage. Electro conductivity (EC)
values of tofu liquid waste was found decrease together with increase of
detention time due to decrease of metal ions that forms hydroxide during
electrooxidation and not only Al(OH)3.

Keywords: COD; electrooxidation; reactor; TDS TSS removal

E12

RISKS OF SANITATION AND WATER SUPPLY IN PONTIANAK CITY SLUM

SETTLEMENTS

Nico Halomoan1,3*, Zulfa Amala1, Ahmad Soleh Setiyawan1, Prayatni

Soewondo1, Prasanti Widyasih Sarli1, Dion Awfa2
1Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia
2Department of Environmental Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sumatra, Lampung Selatan, Indonesia
3Department of Environmental Engineering, Institut Teknologi Nasional, Bandung, Indonesia
*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract.
Providing adequate and safe drinking water is one of the criteria in declaring a
settlement a slum. Areas declared slums by a city government have water
availability problems that do not require intervention. The Sanitation Risk Index
is calculated by reviewing the Environmental Health and Risk Assessment
(EHRA) study's results on waste water, solid waste, hygiene and water supply.
This research will examine the link between the Sanitation Risk Index and the
influence of water supply and the strategies implemented to reduce sanitation
risk from the water supply in slums in Pontianak City, West Kalimantan.
Pontianak City is located on the lower reaches of the Kapuas River; many
settlements grow on the sides of the river, and these settlements need safe
water and adequate sanitation facilities.
This research was preceded by determining the slum area which would be the
focus of the study based on the Pontianak mayor's decision, and then carried
out an in-depth study related to sanitation conditions with a sanitation risk study
using an EHRA-based questionnaire in the study location. The results of the
questionnaire led to the calculation of the IRS. Descriptive analysis and statistics
showed the relationship between the IRS and the water supply of the EHRA
questionnaire. The water supply strategy is followed up with a SWOT analysis.
The results of this study found that the aspect of wastewater most influences
the problem of sanitation risk in the slum settlements of Pontianak City; the risk
to water supply is of the most negligible value. Provision of water for drinking
generally uses rainwater and refill water with water for hygiene using river water.
Many urgent problems must be solved in the water supply sector in the study
slum locations.

Keywords: IRS; Pontianak City; slum settlement; water supply

E13

Does the community-based water supply system have cost merit?

Case in Hokkaido, Japan

Ken Ushijima1,2*, Taro Yamauchi3

1 Hokkaido Research Organization, Senior Research Manager, 3-1-20, Midorigaoka-Higashi 1, Asahikawa
City, Hokkaido, Japan
2 Hokkaido University, Visiting Researcher
3 Hokkaido University, Professor

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. Small scaled municipal water supply system, such as for around 100
person or less, are becoming economically difficult to manage due to population
decrease in Japan. Community-based water supply system (CBWSS), those
also supply water for around 100 person or less and have been managed by
local residents for long time, may become one of alternatives to solve that
difficult situation. However, there is a few information about CBWSS in Japan
because these are very local system and no statistical data. Authors have been
collecting data about CBWSS, and analyzed its features, strong point and weak
point, diversity, etc. Based on that information, authors have been building
support system to make CBWSS sustainable, involving diverse players such as
local high school students. This support system works well in Furano City,
Hokkaido. When discussing water system restructuring, including change from
municipal water system to CBWSS, quantitative assessment is necessary.
However, it is still difficult to quantitatively evaluate the effectiveness of CBWSS
and its support system. Therefore, as the first step, this study aims to simulate
and compare the cost in two scenarios; manage as municipal water supply
system and as CBWSS. Although currently available model for CBWSS in
Japan can only rough cost estimation, results implied that some of CBWSSs
could expect cost merit compare to municipal water supply system, but some
not. It depends on feature of CBWSS and municipal water supply system, and
therefore discussion for local water system restructuring should be assessed
case by case, and local stakeholders should explore appropriate management
style, including support system.

Keywords: community-based water supply; cost estimation; municipal water

supply; small water system
E14
Simple Sterilization of Rural Household Water by LDH (Layered Double
Hydroxide)-embedded Sheet

Erni Johan1*, Taufiq Ihsan1,2, Naoto Matsue1

1The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi,
Matsuyama 790-8566 Japan
2Department of Environmental Engineering, Andalas University, Limau Manis,

Padang, 25613 West Sumatera, Indonesia

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. The lack of access to safe water is an urgent problem in rural

communities. LDH (layered double hydroxide) is a potent material that
effectively adsorbs and removes most waterborne pathogens through its
positive charge, but its powdery nature restricts its use in batch water treatment.
To overcome this, we developed LDH-embedded nonwoven fabric (LDH-ES) as
a practical solution for sterilizing batch water, like household jug water. Zn/Al-
LDH was synthesized by co-precipitation of Zn2+ and Al3+ under an alkaline
condition. Zn/Al-LDH-ES was obtained by heat-embedding Zn/Al-LDH powder
on a nonwoven fabric sheet at 160°C for 8 min. Mg/AL-LDH-ES was prepared
by heat-embedding Mg/Al-LDH synthesized with a similar method. Using
Escherichia coli (DH5α) as the model pathogen, 100 mL of water inoculated with
DH5α was prepared as the test water. The DH5α concentration in the test water
was 1200 CFU/mL, with two variants: nutritionally poor (test water A) and
moderately nutritious (test water B). Adsorption experiments of LDH-ES to the
test waters were conducted at 25°C. Without adding LDH-ES, the viable DH5α
count in test water A was almost unchanged until 24 h, whereas, in test water
B, it increased by approximately 20,000-fold after 24 h. Upon adding 243 cm2 of
Zn/Al-LDH-ES (LDH = 0.2 g), both test waters reduced the viable count to 0
CFU/mL after 3 h, achieving complete sterilization. In contrast, with Mg/Al-LDH-
ES, the viable count after 24 h was 0 CFU/mL for test water A but 530 CFU/mL
for test water B. These results affirm the sterilization potential of LDH-ES, with
Zn/Al-LDH-ES showcasing superior efficacy. The enhanced sterilization ability
of Zn/Al-LDH-ES can be attributed to the additional antimicrobial effect from
zinc, complementing adsorption. LDH-ES, easily retrievable post-sterilization,
proves suitable for disinfecting rural household water jugs.

Keywords: rural household water; LDH-embedded sheet; sterilization; waterborne

pathogens; batch water treatment
E15

Development of low-energy irrigation technology hydraulic and capillary

for horticulture cultivation

W Widiyono1, B Rahayu1, IS Sulistiawan1, N Sudiana1, SS Munawar1, P Lestari2,

I Gunawan2, JG Kartika3, Dasumiati4
1Research Center of Environmental and Clean Technology, Research Organization of Life
Sciences and Environmental, National Research and Innovation Agency, Indonesia.
2Research Center of Horticulture and Plantation, Research Organization of Agriculture and

Food, National Research and Innovation Agency, Indonesia.

3Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University.
4Faculty of Science and Technology, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta.

*E-mail address: [email protected], [email protected]

Abstract. The cultivation of horticultural crops in urban areas (urban farming)

has developed using various irrigation technologies. The irrigation technology
using individual pots with drip irrigation, sprinkler irrigation, and watering using
media humidity sensors connected to the internet (IoT) are generally
complicated, expensive, and require electrical energy for their applications. A
simple and economical technology has been found to solve this problem, i.e.
communal cultivation using a tray, hydraulic, and capillary irrigation technology
operated manually (without electrical energy). The technological, agronomical,
and physiological aspects of this system are under-studied. The aims of the
research were: (1) to optimize the technical operation of hydraulic and capillary
irrigation equipment on several planting mediums, and (2) to evaluate the
application of fertigation technique to three kinds of vegetables, namely pak
choi, curly lettuce, and spinach. The parameters related to hydraulic and
capillary precision, the volume of irrigation, and parameters of agronomic and
physiological aspects were recorded. The volume of irrigation and type of
planting medium play a key role to make the irrigation run well. The cultivation
protocol using this system was recommended for specific vegetable
commodities. Research is expected to provide social benefits, economic, and
ecological aspects.

Keywords: irrigation technology; urban farming; efficient; social; economical;

ecological.
E16

The Influence of Wastewater Concentration and Membrane Recovery Rate

on the Performance of Nanofiltration Membrane in the Reduction of
Ammonia and Total Dissolved Solids

M C Ayundafarisa1, D R M Isnadina1*, N I Said2, W Widayat2

1 Environmental Engineering Study Program, Faculty of Science and Technology,
Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
2 Pusat Riset Lingkungan dan Teknologi Bersih, Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional,

Indonesia

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. Nanofiltration as a treatment for wastewater is still not widely applied

as tertiary wastewater treatment. In aquatic environments, ammonia and Total
Dissolved Solids (TDS) are common parameters used as indicators of water
quality that can be treated with nanofiltration for further improved water
treatment. This research was used NF 4040 nanofiltration membrane following
catridge filter as a pre treatment. Raw water for this research was collected from
inlet and outlet of wastewater treatment plant. The nanofiltration testing is
arranged in a reactor with recycled wastewater and a pretreatment cartridge
filter to minimize the potential for fouling. The reactor is set up with crossflow
flow to reduce fouling potential. Variations in concentration and recovery are
performed to observe the nanofiltration response in removing ammonia and
TDS. Variation of wastewater concentration based on ratio between inlet and
outlet, which was 0:1; 3:1 and 6:1 (inlet:outlet), while the recovery rate was
variated to 40, 60, and 80%. The results show that increasing concentration of
wastewater would decrease ammonia removal with nanofiltration membrane but
not for TDS removal. Meanwhile, increasing recovery rate would increase
ammonia removal but not for TDS removal. Ammonia removal ranges from
1.90% to 38.81%, while TDS removal ranges from 22.82% to 48.67%. TDS
removal can be affected by pore size and membrane surface characteristic while
ammonia by pore size only. Based on the conducted research, it is evident that
concentration and recovery rate have an impact on the removal efficiency of
ammonia and total dissolved solids, which should be taken into consideration for
further membrane operation needs.

Keywords: Ammonia, Nanofiltration, Recovery rate, TDS, Wastewater

E17
Public Health and Water Scarcity: The Spatial Distribution of Quarter-
Disease Patterns and Access to Clean and Drinking Water in The Water-
Scarce Region of Makassar, Indonesia

Andi Tilka Muftiah Ridjal1,2*, Chitra Dewi1,2, Indah Arifah Febriany2, Basri1
1 Public Health Department, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Makassar, Makassar,
Indonesia
2 Celebes Kearifan Madani Foundation, Makassar, Indonesia

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. The scarcity and insufficient or poorly regulated water and sanitation
will lead individuals to become vulnerable to different preventable health risks.
When people lack even a basic drinking water solution, they rely on surface
water and/or wastewater that is not risk-free. Furthermore, WHO (2019) stated
that at the very least 2 billion individuals around the globe are using drinking
water sources that are infected with feces. Tallo is one of the sub-districts in
Makassar that is experiencing water scarcity, forcedly encouraging the
community to use the available water sources, such as dug wells and rainwater.
This study aimed to describe the spatial distribution of three-month disease
patterns and access to clean and drinking water in Tallo. Primary data was
obtained from a face-to-face survey of 98 beneficiaries of Rainwater Harvesting
(RWH) Tametotto and water clay filter in Tallo, while the spatial data was
obtained from the spatially analyzed data by ArcGIS 8.0. The results revealed
that the distribution of three-month diseases highly presented in diarrhea (8%)
spatially shown around the coastal area, dermatitis (5%), and typhoid (3%). In
addition, the most consumed drinking water is gallon mineral water, while the
highest clean water accessed was from the artesian well in the entire research
area. It concluded that the spatially distributed of the quarter diseases was
diarrhea in the coastal area of Tallo (RT 3 and RT 4), and respondents mostly
consumed gallons of mineral water for drinking and used artesian wells for
Water, Hygiene, and Sanitation (WASH) in the whole area. It encouraged the
government sectors to provide an appropriate water supply for Tallo as one of
the water-scarce regions in Makassar and deliver education to people regarding
WASH and the importance of safe water in order to avoid the occurrence of
waterborne diseases.

Keywords: clean water; drinking water; quarter-diseases; spatial; WASH; water

scarcity
E18

Abundance of Microplastics in Cisadane Watershed

Nur Sri Wahyuni1*, Efadeswarni2, Syuhada1 , Susi Susilawati2 , Chandra Liza1,

Ikhsan Budi Wahyono2, Rochmad Onig Witama2
1 Research Center for Polymer Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), KST BJ
Habibie Building 460 Puspiptek Area, South Tangerang, Banten, Indonesia
2 Research Center for Environmental and Clean Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency

(BRIN), KST BJ Habibie, Puspiptek Area South Tangerang, Banten, Indonesia

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. Microplastics in the aquatic environment have become a serious

threat to the ecosystems, water treatment companies, and people who live by
the river because they are persistant. Microplastics generally come from plastic
waste produced by human and industrial activities that enter the Cisadane
watershed. In this study, sampling was carried out at 14 points along the
Cisadane river from the upstream (Muria Jaya) to the downstream (Teluk Naga).
The samples were analysed for the presence, size and shape of microplastics
using a digital microscope. Furthermore, material identification was conducted
using Microscope-Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) to analyse the material
type of microplastic present in the samples.The result shows an abundance of
microplastics in the form of fibers and fragments with the concentration of 0.04-
0.48 particles/m3 and 0.04-1.32 particles/m3 respectively. Microplastics in the
form of fragments are the most dominant form. This result does not reflect the
accumulation of microplastic in the downstream areas compared to the
upstream. The size of microplastics vary based on the contaminant shapes from
65 to 1963 μm for fibers and 23 to 5415 μm for fragments. These differences
are due to primary and secondary microplastic degradation rate through
weathering, abrasion, mechanical disintegration, photolysis and microbiological
activity. The colors of microplastics found were blue, brown, green, red, white,
black and transparent, with the transparent being the most dominant color. This
trasparan color is a polyester type plastic. The conclusion of this research is that
the Cisadane river has been polluted by microplastics. The awareness
of handling plastic waste needs to be raised and water treatment companies
have to find a way to prevent microplastics from polluting drinking waters.

Keywords: Cisadane river; degradation; fiber; microplastic; polyester

E19

Status of Water Quality and Fertility of The Waters of Nasi Breuh Strait
Aceh Besar District
Y S Garno1, A Riyadi1, S I Sachoemar1,2, T Prayogo1, L Widodo1, J P Susanto1,
A Rifai1, A Lusia1, Syaefudin1, TA Adibroto1, Haryanti1, R P Adhi1, Sabudin1, R
P Dewa1

1 Research Center for Environment and Clean Technology, National Research

and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Kawasan Puspiptek Gd.820. Serpong 15314.
Tangerang Selatan. Indonesia
2 Department of Agro-Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Indonesia,

Tangerang Selatan, Indonesia

*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. Nasi Island and Breuh Island in Aceh Besar District have many white
sandy beaches, sea charm, natural panoramas and marine biota that are very
feasible to be developed into tourist destinations and attractions. In order to
anticipate changes in the quality of coastal waters between the two islands,
research was conducted to determine the status of water quality and fertility of
Nasi Island and Breuh Island. The results showed that the water quality of Nasi
Island and Breuh Island Bay was not polluted with concentrations of dissolved
nitrate-N 0.045-0.095 mg/l and dissolved orthophosphate 0.006-0.012 mg/l.
These waters were inhabited by 7 species from 3 phytoplankton classes with an
abundance of 634.48-1007.34 ind/L. The dominance index of the phytoplankton
community was 0.346-0.455, indicating no dominant phytoplankton
species. However, the fact that the abundance of Chaetoceros sp. ranged from
54.3-66.4% of the total abundance indicated that it was the dominant
phytoplankton. Nutrient concentrations in the waters of Pulau Nasi and Breueh
were lower than in the coastal waters of Mandai Pessel, Gerupuk Bay waters,
Bungus Bay waters, Tarakan Coast, and Penyengat Island Coast, but higher in
the coastal waters of Sorong Kabil Batam, Pariaman, Kelapa Island, Depapre-
Jayapura, and Tanjung Lesung.

Keywords: Nasi and Breuh strait; coastal; water quality; nutrient.

E21
Quantifying antibiotic resistance in the River Almond Catchment Area: a
preliminary study at Blackburn Wastewater Treatment Plant

Apriyana A. Y.1*, Blaud A.2, Briers R.2, Henriquez F. 3, Redshaw J.4, Morrison
D.2
1 Research Center for Environmental and Clean Technology, National Research and

Innovation Agency, Indonesia

2 Edinburgh Napier University, United Kingdom
3University of the West Scotland, United Kingdom
4Scottish Environment Protection Agency (SEPA), United Kingdom
*E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract. Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) is a significant global public health

burden as a recent study estimated that bacterial AMR was directly responsible
for 1.27 million global deaths in 2019. As AMR is known to circulate between
humans and animals through food, water, and environment, One Health
Concept, which includes environmental surveillance, is essential to apply as the
mean to tackle AMR issue worldwide. Surveillance of AMR in river catchments
becomes a priority for several AMR action plan as river is suggested as a
primary route to facilitate the AMR transfer between humans, animals, and the
environment. This study aims to estimate the prevalence and proportion of AMR
pollution at Blackburn Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) as one of the
anthropogenically-impacted site in the River Almond. Grab water samples were
taken at four sites adjacent to the WWTP then processed by membrane filtration.
Chromocult Coliform Agar (CCA) with and without emendation with 4 mg/L
cefotaxime were used to enumerate total Escherichia coli and cefotaxime-
resistant (CTX-R) E. coli, respectively. As expected, the lowest levels of both
Total E. coli and CTX-R E.coli were in the upstream sample and the highest
were in the effluent sample. Surprisingly, there was almost double the proportion
of CTX-R E.coli 300m downstream compared to that in the WWTP effluent. This
finding could indicate the presence of a combined sewer overflow or runoff from
farmland. Compared to human and companion animal samples, AMR in
environmental sites, such as rivers, have much lower levels of CTX-R E. coli
proportion. Surveillance of antibiotic resistance prevalence in environmental
samples could be used to generate health-related data at the population level in
humans and animals.

Keywords: antimicrobial resistance; cefotaxime; Escherichia coli; river;

wastewater
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE

Advisory Board

Dr. Iman Hidayat Chairman of Research Organization for Life

Sciences and Environment,
National Research and Innovation Agency
(BRIN)

Head of Research Center for Environmental and

Dr. Handy Chandra Clean Technology (RCECT) BRIN.

Scientific Committee

Prof. Dr. Tarzan Sembiring

Prof. Dr. Mohammad Ikhwanuddin Mawardi, M.Sc
Prof. Dr. wahyu Widiono, M.Si.
Prof. Dr. Ir. Yudhi Soetrisno, M.Sc.
Prof. Dr. Ir. Suhendar I Sachoermar, M.Si.
Prof. Dr. M. Rahman Djuwansah
Prof. Dr. Nuril Hidayati, M.Sc.
Dr. Ir. Joko Prayitno Susanto, M.Eng.
Dr. rer. Nat. Neni Sintawardani
Dr. Agung Riyadi, M.Si.
Heru Dwi Wahyono, B.Eng.M.Kom
Scientific Committee

Dr. Dyah Marganingrum

Dr. Ir. Agus Sudaryanto, M.Eng.
Dr. Muhammad Ilyas, S.T., M.Sc.
Dr. Sri Priatni
Dr. Eng. Muhamad Nasir
Dr. Herlian Eriska Putra
Dr. Desak Gede Sri Andayani
Dr. Tiny Agustini Koesmawati
Dr. Ir Widiatmini Sih Winanti, M.Si.
Dr. Ir. Teddy W. Sudinda, M.Si.
Dr. Arie Herlambang, M.Si.
Dr. Ir. Ikbal M.Eng.
Dr. Ir. Rudi Nugroho,M.Eng.
Dr. Ir. Wahyu Purwanta, M.T
Dr. Sri Wahyono, S.Si., M.Si
Dr. Hanies Ambarsari, BSc., M.Appl.Sc
Ir. Nana Sudiana, M.Si.
Prihartono, S.T.,M.T.
Ir. Firman Laili Sahwan, M.Si.
Ir. Nusa Idaman Said, M.Eng.
Organizing Committee
Athanasia Amanda Septevani Ph.D (Chair of GreenVC)
Dr. Novi Fitria (Secretariat)
Arina Yuthi A, M.Sc (Secretariat)
Yuliyanti, S.M (Secretariat)
Dr. rer. nat. Rina Andriyani (Event division)
Dr. Dewi Nilawati (Event division)
Dr. Hidayat (Event division)
Ardie Septian, S.Si., M.Sc., Ph.D (Event division)
Reba Anindyajati Pratama, S.T., M.T (Event division)
Muhammad Haqqiyuddin R. M.T (Event division)
Raden Tina Rosmalina M.Si (Finance division)
Dr. Eng. Diana Rahayuning Wulan (Finance division)
Dr. Venny Luvita (Editor & Publication)
Umi Hamidah, Ph.D (Editor & Publication)
Dr. Monna Rozana (Editor & Publication)
Dr. Arniati Labanni (Editor & Publication)
Dr. Eng. Ahmad Shoiful, S.T., M.Agr (Editor & Publication)
Sandia Primeria, S.Si., M.T., Ph.D (Editor & Publication)
 The Research Center for Environmental
and Clean Technology, the National
Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) is
proudly to announce the 7th International
Symposium on Green Technology for
Value Chains (GreenVC). This highly
anticipated event is a recurring scientific
forum that has been held annually since
2016. The 7th International Symposium on
Green Technology for Value Chains
(GreenVC) will be held under the selected
theme of “Unlocking Sustainable Future
through Green Technology Innovations,”
GREEN VC highlights the importance of research and
2023 innovation advancements in promoting
sustainability and addressing
environmental challenges.

Sponsored by: