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MODULE IN READING AND WRITING SKILLS

GRADE 11/12
QUARTER 2/4, WEEK 1
(3 spaces)
MELC: Identify the context in which the text was developed:
a. Hypertext
b. Intertext

• K to 12 BEC CG: EN11/12RWS-IVac-7;

• K to 12 BEC CG: EN11/12RWS-IVac-7.1;
• K to 12 BEC CG: EN11/12RWS-IVac-7.2;

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 Objectives:
At the end of the lesson, the learners are expected to:

1. give the advantages and disadvantages of intertext and

hypertext; 2. identify the context in which a text was developed; 3.
enhance a topic through intertext and hypertext.
4. compare and contrast intertextuality and hypertextuality;
5. give the advantages and disadvantages of intertext and hypertext; 6.
identify the context in which a text was developed;
7. enhance a topic through intertext and hypertext.

What I Need to Know

This module is designed to help you identify the context in which a text was developed.
Hence, in going through this module, you will enhance your analysis in connecting
your prior knowledge to the materials that you read in the present. Moreover, this module will
help you to dig deeper to other more information of what you read aside from what is on
hand.

What I Know
Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper.

1. A literary device that creates an ‘interrelationship between texts’ and generates

related understanding in separate works is
a. intertextuality
b. hypertextuality
c. context

2. This is accomplished by creating “links” between information. These links are

provided so that readers “jump” to further information about a specific topic being
discussed.
a. intertextuality
b. hypertextuality
c. context

3. A literary discourse strategy utilized by writers in novels, poetry, theater and even in
non-written texts is
a. intertextuality
b. hypertextuality
c. context

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 4. It is particularly useful as a way to introduce computer-mediated dialogic interaction
in any writing class because it can be applied in much the same way in
nonnetworked classes and networked classes alike.
a. intertext
b. hypertext
c. context

Lesson
Using Context in Text Development

What’s In
In the previous lesson, you have learned how to identify claims explicitly or implicitly
made in a written text. This time around, we will identify the context in which the text was
developed.

Try to answer the task below.

Activity: Fact or Bluff!

Write FACT if the statement is true and BLUFF if false.

______ 1. The meaning of a text is dependent on the other texts.
______ 2. Authors tend to build on what previous authors have published or started.
______ 3. We can gain full understanding of a concept by referring to one text.
______ 4. A well-written research paper has few references.
______ 5. If you want to know more about the topic, you need to read references tackling the
same thing.

What’s New
Have you experienced reading across the internet and suddenly met a blue-colored
word or words that contain a link to a website? How about when you read a book and you
suddenly bumped into a name of a character from a previous story book you have read?

Activity 1: Read Me!

Read the following texts and answer the task below. Text 1

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by severe acute

respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It was first identified in December 2019

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 in Wuhan, Hubei, China, and has resulted in an ongoing pandemic. As of 28 August 2020, more
than 24.4 million cases have been reported across 188 countries and territories, resulting in more
than 831,000 deaths. More than 16 million people have
recovered.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
Coronavirus_disease_2019

 Have you noticed the words in color blue?

 Where do you usually see this type of text?

Text 2

“Even God can have a preference, can he? Let’s suppose God liked lamb better than
vegetables. I think I do myself. Cain brought him a bunch of carrots maybe. And God said, “I
don’t like this. Try again. Bring me something I like and I’ll set you up alongside your

brother.” But Cain got mad. His feelings were hurt. And when a man’s feelings are hurt he
wants to strike at something, and Abel was in the way of his anger.”

http://www.literarydevices.com/intertextuality/

 Who are the characters that were mentioned in the text?

 Are you familiar with them?

 Where can you find those names?

What is It
What is Intertextuality?

Intertextuality is the way that one text influences another. This can be a direct
borrowing such as a quotation or plagiarism, or slightly more indirect such as parody,
pastiche, allusion, or translation. The function and effectiveness of intertextuality can often
depend quite a bit on the reader’s prior knowledge and understanding before reading the
secondary text; parodies and allusions depend on the reader knowing what is being parodied
or alluded to.

Common Examples of Intertextuality

We use different examples of intertextuality frequently in common speech, such as
allusions like the following:
 He was lying so obviously; you could almost see his nose growing.
 He’s asking her to the prom. It’s like a happy version of Romeo and Juliet.

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  It’s hard being an adult! Peter Pan had the right idea.

In literature, here are some examples of intertextuality.

Example 1
“Even God can have a preference, can he? Let’s suppose God liked lamb better than
vegetables. I think I do myself. Cain brought him a bunch of carrots maybe. And God said, “I
don’t like this. Try again. Bring me something I like and I’ll set you up alongside your
brother.” But Cain got mad. His feelings were hurt. And when a man’s feelings are hurt he
wants to strike at something, and Abel was in the way of his anger.”
(East of Eden by John Steinbeck)
John Steinbeck’s East of Eden is another work of literature based on the story of Biblical
story of Cain and Abel. Steinbeck names this allusion abundantly clear, as proven by the
exceprt above. Steinbeck both references the story directly, and also reworks the story
through his contemporary characters of Cal and Aron.

Example 2
After all, to the well-organized mind, death is but the next great adventure.
(Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone by J.K. Rowling)
In a moment of subtle intertextuality, the mentor figure Dumbledore tells Harry Potter
not to pity a dying wizard. The wizard in question has been living for hundreds of years due
to the “sorcerer’s stone,” and is not afraid of death. J.K. Rowling is hinting back at the line in
J.M. Barrie’s Peter Pan, who once uttered, “to die would be an awfully big adventure.” There
are the,mes in common between these two fantasy stories of Harry Potter and Peter Pan,
yet the reader does not need to pick up on the influence to J.M. Barrie’s work to appreciate
J.K. Rowling’s work. J.K. Rowling also borrowed from other sources, such as from J.R.R.
Tolkien’s Lord of the Rings trilogy and from the horrors of real-life Nazi Germany, yet once
again the reader can appreciate the story without thinking about its influences.

What is Hypertextuality?

Hypertextuality is simply a non-linear way of presenting information. Rather than

reading or learning about things in the order that an author, or editor, or publisher sets out for
us, readers of hypertext may follow their own path, create their own order-- their own
meaning out the material.

This is accomplished by creating "links" between information. These links are

provided so that readers may "jump" to further information about a specific topic being
discussed (which may have more links, leading each reader off into a different direction). For
instance, if you are reading an article about marine mammal bioacoustics, you may be
interested in seeing a picture of a dolphin. Or you may want to hear the sound it makes
(~80K). Or you may even be interested in seeing what a marine mammal sound "looks like"
in a spectrogram. You might even want to find out more about sounds made by other
animals in the sea, thus leading you on a completely different, detailed path.

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Example of Hypertextuality
http://drjbson.com/papers/kate98.htm

You can click the underlined word or words. That action will lead to other links that
will discuss, or give further expansion of the selected words, thus gives you a broader
perspective of the text as a whole as well as additional information to some unfamiliar terms
that might come along your way of reading.

What’s More
What have you learned from the lesson discussed above? This time, you may further
enrich your learning by doing the activities below.

Activity 1: Compare Me!

In the Venn diagram, cite the similarities and differences between Intertextuality and
Hypertextuality.

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Activity 2: Am I Good or Bad?
Fill out the figure below with the advantages and disadvantages of both the intertext
and hypertext.

INTERTEXT HYPERTEXT
Advantages Disadvantages Advantages Disadvantages

Activity 3: Present That Way

Choose one topic below. Browse its information through the internet. Present it both in
itertext and hypertext way in a PowerPoint.
Topics:
1. Climate Change
2. K to 12 Education
3. The Philippines - Then and Now

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Activity 4. Enhance Me!
Read the selections below. Choose one which you can enhance through intertext and
another one through hypertext.
Selection 1
Wide Sargasso Sea by Jean Rhys
In his novel, Wide Sargasso Sea, Jean Rhys gathers some events occured in the
famous novel, Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte. The purpose is to tell the readers an
alternative tale. Rhys presents the wife of Mr. Rochester, who played the role of a secondary
character in Jean Eyre. Also, the setting of this novel is Jamaica not England, and author
develops the back-story for his major character. While spinning the novel, Jane Eyre, she
gives her interpretation amid the narrative by addressing issues such as roles of women,
colonization and racism that Bronte did not point out in her novel otherwise.

Selection 2
The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe by C.S. Lewis

In this case, C. S. Lewis adapts the Christ’s crucifixion in his fantasy novel, The Lion,
the Witch and the Wardrobe. He, very shrewdly, weaves together the reiligious and
entertainment themes for a children book. Lewis uses an important event from The New
Testament and transforms into a story about redemption. In doing so, he uses Edmund, a
character that betrays his savior, Aslan, to suffer. Generally, the motive of this theme is to
introduce other themes such as evil actions, losing innocence and redemption.
Selection 3
For Whom the Bell Tolls by Earnest Hemingway
In the following example, Hemingway uses intertextuality for the title of his novel. He
takes the title of the poem, Meditation XVIII written by John Donne. The excerpt of this poem
reads: “No man is an island…and therefore never send to know for whom the bell tolls; it
tolls for thee.” Hemingway not only uses this excerpt for the title of his novel, he also makes
use of the idea in the novel, as he clarifies and elaborates the abstract philosophy of Donne
by using the concept of Spanish Civil war. By the end, the novel expands other themes such
as loyalty, love and camaraderie.
Rubric for Assessment
5 4 3 2 1

The The The The The

enhancement of enhancement of enhancement of enhancement of enhancement of
topic is factual, topic is factual, topic is factual, topic is factual, topic is not
clear, and clear, clear, but not but not clear, not factual, not
wellorganized wellorganized well-organized wellorganized clear, not
and free from but contains and contains and contains wellorganized
grammatical grammatical grammatical grammatical and contains
errors. errors. errors. errors. grammatical
errors.

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What I Have Learned
1. A text’s meaning can be determined based partly on the context in which it was
developed.
2. Hypertext is a reading environment that is based on the internet.
3. Hypertext allows people to shift to different texts as fast as the internet loading speeds
allow.
4. Intertextuality helps people understand better by referring to multiple texts to compare
meaning.
What I Can Do
Assume that you are a famous blogger. You need to make a blog site on
WordPress.com and write an article about the scenic spots in Luzon. It must include text and
graphics. You also need to use hyperlinks in order to help the reader to go to other websites
that show further details about a certain word or group of words.

References

Dayagbil, Filomena T., Ed. D. et.al. Critical Reading and writing for the Senior High School,
pp. 99-106

https://www.whoi.edu/science/B/people/kamaral/hypertext.html

http://porownania.amu.edu.pl/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=163:hipertek st-
a-intertekstualno-powinowactwa-i-rozbienoci&catid=46:porownania-nr8&Itemid=95&lang=en

https://elcomblus.com/context-hypertext-and-
intertext/#:~:text=A%20text's%20meaning%20can%20be,is%20based%20on%20the%20int
ernet.&text=Intertextuality%20helps%20people%20understand%20better,multiple%20texts
%20to%20compare%20meaning.

http://www.literarydevices.com/intertextuality/

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