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Intro To Number System

The document provides an overview of various number systems used in mathematics, including natural numbers, whole numbers, integers, rational numbers, irrational numbers, real numbers, and complex numbers. Each type of number is defined with examples, highlighting their properties and representations. The classifications help in understanding how numbers are used for counting, calculations, and expressing quantities.

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16 views2 pages

Intro To Number System

The document provides an overview of various number systems used in mathematics, including natural numbers, whole numbers, integers, rational numbers, irrational numbers, real numbers, and complex numbers. Each type of number is defined with examples, highlighting their properties and representations. The classifications help in understanding how numbers are used for counting, calculations, and expressing quantities.

Uploaded by

rofiatamodu170
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Introduction to Number System

A number is a value used in math to express quantity and to do calculations.


There are many types of number systems, and some are commonly used in basic
math during middle and high school. According to the properties and how they
are represented in the number line, the numbers are classified into different
types. These include natural numbers, integers, rational numbers, irrational
numbers, real numbers, and others.

Natural Numbers
Natural numbers are positive whole numbers starting from 1 and going on
forever. They are used for counting things. Natural numbers do not include 0,
fractions, decimals, or negative numbers.
The set of natural numbers is usually represented by the letter ” N”
N = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 . . . .)

Whole Numbers
Whole numbers are non-negative integers that do not have any fractions or
decimals. They are represented by the letter “W,” and the set of whole numbers
is W = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, …}.

Real Numbers
Real numbers include all positive and negative whole numbers, as well as
fractions and decimals, but they do not include imaginary numbers. They are
represented by the symbol “R.”

Integers
Integers are a group of numbers that include natural numbers, their negative
counterparts, and zero. This means they cover all positive numbers, negative
numbers, and 0. Integers cannot be fractions or decimals.
The set of integers is usually represented by the letter “Z”.
Z = { . . . -3,-2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 . . . }

Rational Numbers
Rational numbers are numbers that can be expressed as a fraction of two whole
numbers. For example, the fractions 13 and -11118 are rational numbers. All
whole numbers are also rational because they can be written as a fraction with a
denominator of 1.
Any decimal that ends is a rational number, like 8.27, which can be written as
827/100. Decimals that repeat a pattern after a certain point are also considered
rational numbers.

Irrational Numbers
A number that cannot be written as a fraction of two integers is called an
irrational number, and it is represented by the symbol “P.”
The square root of 2 is roughly 1.414. This is because when you square 1.4142,
you get about 1.999396, which is very close to 2. You can’t find the exact value
by squaring a fraction or a decimal that ends. The square root of 2 is an
irrational number, so its decimal form continues endlessly without repeating.

Complex Numbers
A number that is in the form of a+bi is called complex numbers, where “a and
b” should be a real number and “i” is an imaginary number.

Examples: 4 + 4i, -2 + 3i, 1 +√2i, etc

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