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What Is Internet

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9 views17 pages

What Is Internet

Uploaded by

varun78296
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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The Internet is a vast, sprawling collection of networks that

connect to each other. In fact, the word "Internet" could be said to


come from this concept: interconnected networks.
The Internet was developed by Bob Kahn and Vint Cerf in the 1970s. They began the
design of what we today know as the ‘internet.’ It was the result of another research
experiment which was called ARPANET, which stands for Advanced Research
Projects Agency Network.
This was initially supposed to be a communications system for the Defense Team of
the United States of America - a network that would also survive a nuclear attack.
It eventually became a successful nationwide experimental packet network.
But when was the first Internet started?
It is believed that on 6 August 1991, when the World Wide Web opened to the public.
There are two main concepts that are fundamental to the way the Internet functions:
packets and protocols.
In networking, a packet is a small segment of a larger message. Each packet contains
both data and information about that data.
When data gets sent over the Internet, it is first broken up into smaller packets,
which are then translated into bits. The packets get routed to their destination by
various networking devices such as routers and switches. When the packets arrive at
their destination, the receiving device reassembles the packets in order and can
then use or display the data
Connecting two computers, both of which may use different hardware and run
different software, is one of the main challenges that the creators of the Internet
had to solve. It requires the use of communications techniques that are
understandable by all connected computers, just as two people who grew up in
different parts of the world may need to speak a common language to understand
each other.
TCP/IP(Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol)
These are a set of standard rules that allows different types of computers to
communicate with each other.
The IP protocol ensures that each computer that is connected to the Internet is
having a specific serial number called the IP address.
TCP specifies how data is exchanged over the internet and how it should be broken
into IP packets.
It also makes sure that the packets have information about the source of the
message data, the destination of the message data, the sequence in which the
message data should be re-assembled, and checks if the message has been sent
correctly to the specific destination.
The TCP is also known as a connection-oriented protocol.
DNS is responsible for converting domain names that can be read by humans (such as
www.example.com) into IP addresses that computers can use to find one another on the
Internet. Instead of remembering a long list of numerical IP addresses, DNS makes it
possible to access websites using their domain names.
These protocols are important for sending and distributing outgoing emails.
POP3 stands for Post Office Protocol version 3. It has two Message Access Agents
(MAAs) where one is client MAA (Message Access Agent) and another is server
MAA(Message Access Agent) for accessing the messages from the mailbox.
UDP (User Datagram Protocol) is a connectionless, unreliable transport layer protocol. Unlike
TCP, it does not establish a reliable connection between devices before transmitting data, and
it does not guarantee that data packets will be received in the order they were sent or that
they will be received at all. Instead, UDP simply sends packets of data to a destination without
any error checking or flow control
This protocol is used for transferring files from one system to the other. This works on a client-
server model. When a machine requests for file transfer from another machine, the FTO sets
up a connection between the two and authenticates each other using their ID and Password.
And, the desired file transfer takes place between the machines
This protocol is used to transfer hypertexts over the internet and it is defined by the
www(world wide web) for information transfer. This protocol defines how the information
needs to be formatted and transmitted. And, it also defines the various actions the web
browsers should take in response to the calls made to access a particular web page. Whenever
a user opens their web browser, the user will indirectly use HTTP as this is the protocol that is
being used to share text, images, and other multimedia files on the World Wide Web.
This protocol is used to transfer hypertexts over the internet and it is defined by the
www(world wide web) for information transfer. This protocol defines how the information
needs to be formatted and transmitted. And, it also defines the various actions the web
browsers should take in response to the calls made to access a particular web page. Whenever
a user opens their web browser, the user will indirectly use HTTP as this is the protocol that is
being used to share text, images, and other multimedia files on the World Wide Web.

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