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Class 6 Science Chapter 9 Methods of Separation in Everyday Life Notes

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139 views4 pages

Class 6 Science Chapter 9 Methods of Separation in Everyday Life Notes

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meemanshamishra
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Revision Notes for Class 6 Science

Chapter 9 – Methods Of Separation In Everyday Life


Introduction

Methods of Separation covers various techniques to separate different components from


mixtures. These methods are crucial for understanding how to handle and purify substances
in both everyday life and scientific contexts.

Methods of Seperation

1. Handpicking

a. Description: A manual technique to separate solid materials based on size,


color, and shape.

b. How It Works: Involves picking out different materials by hand. Suitable for
mixtures where components are easily distinguishable.

c. Example: Removing stones from grains.

2. Threshing

a. Description: A method used to separate grains from stalks by beating.

b. How It Works: Stalks are beaten to release the grains, which are then
collected separately.

c. Example: Separating wheat grains from wheat plants after harvest.

3. Winnowing

a. Description: Separates lighter husk from heavier grains using wind or blowing
air.

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b. How It Works: The mixture is tossed into the air; the lighter husk is blown
away, leaving the heavier grains behind.

c. Example: Cleaning paddy to remove the husk.

4. Sieving

a. Description: Separates solids based on particle size using a sieve.

b. How It Works: A sieve or mesh is used to separate particles of different sizes


from a mixture.

c. Example: Sifting flour to remove lumps or impurities.

5. Evaporation

a. Description: Converts a liquid into vapor to leave behind dissolved solids.

b. How It Works: The liquid is heated until it evaporates, and the solid residue is
left behind.

c. Example: Obtaining salt from seawater.

6. Sedimentation and Decantation

a. Sedimentation:

▪ Description: Heavier, insoluble particles settle at the bottom of a liquid.

▪ How It Works: The mixture is left undisturbed, allowing particles to


settle.

▪ Example: Allowing muddy water to settle so the clear water can be


poured off.

b. Decantation:

▪ Description: The clear liquid is carefully poured off from the settled
solids.

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▪ How It Works: The vessel is tilted to remove the liquid while leaving
the sediment behind.

▪ Example: Pouring off clear liquid from a container of settled sand and
water.

7. Filtration

a. Description: Separates insoluble solids from liquids using a filter.

b. How It Works: A filter allows the liquid to pass through while trapping the
solid particles.

c. Example: Filtering tea to remove tea leaves.

8. Churning

a. Description: Used to extract butter from curd.

b. How It Works: The curd is churned to separate the butter from the buttermilk.

c. Example: Making butter at home from curd.

9. Magnetic Separation

a. Description: Separates magnetic substances from non-magnetic ones using a


magnet.

b. How It Works: A magnet attracts magnetic materials, leaving non-magnetic


substances behind.

c. Example: Separating iron filings from sand.

Practical Applications

• Daily Life: Methods like handpicking, sieving, and evaporation are commonly used
in household activities like cooking and cleaning.

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• Agriculture: Techniques such as threshing and winnowing are crucial for processing
crops.

Industry and Science: Filtration, decantation, and magnetic separation are widely used in
laboratories and industrial processes for purifying and handling materials.

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